JP2009263884A - Tunnel construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel construction method which can accomplish the simplification of connection work and an improvement in safety of construction by decreasing the width of connection between adjacent tunnels in the construction of an expandable/contractible nonuniform section. <P>SOLUTION: In this tunnel construction method, the at least two tunnels 18 are adjacently constructed by at least two shield machines 12 and 16, and natural ground between the respective tunnels 18 is excavated for the connection of the tunnels 18. Surfaces, facing each other, of the adjacent shield machines 12 and 16 are formed as inclined planes 38 and 48 almost parallel to each other; and each of the tunnels 18 enables an expandable/contractible nonuniform section tunnel to be constructed by relatively moving the respective shield machines 12 and 16 along the inclined planes 38 and 48. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel construction method capable of constructing an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel by non-open cutting.

As a tunnel construction method, for example, a plurality of tunnels are excavated and formed in the ground with a shield machine having a substantially square cross section, and a plurality of the tunnels are arranged in parallel in the axial direction to connect and stop the water in an arbitrary shape. It is known that an underground space is constructed by excavating the inside of the continuous structure after the continuous structure is constructed (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent No. 2633026

  In such a tunnel construction method, when the frame width has a variable cross section, the distance between adjacent tunnels (connection width) is gradually expanded and reduced to a distance equivalent to one shield machine. In such a state, the shield machine is inserted in the meantime or the shield machine that was in the meantime is escaped so as to correspond to the cross section.

  However, in such a tunnel construction method, an enlargement / reduction width is secured between adjacent tunnels, and then the shield tunneling machine is inserted / extracted between the tunnels to cope with the enlargement / reduction change section. The maximum connection width between them is larger than that of one shield machine, the connection work between adjacent tunnels becomes heavy, and it is difficult to improve the safety of construction.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel construction method that can shorten the connection width between adjacent tunnels at the time of enlargement / reduction cross-section construction, simplify connection work, and improve the safety of construction.

(1) In order to achieve the above object, the tunnel construction method of the present invention is constructed by constructing at least two tunnels adjacent to each other with at least two shield machines, and excavating natural ground between each tunnel. A method of constructing a tunnel for connecting each other, wherein each shield machine is formed as an inclined surface in which a surface facing an adjacent shield machine is substantially parallel, and each tunnel has the shield machine The present invention is characterized in that an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel can be constructed by relatively moving along an inclined surface.

  According to the present invention, by relatively moving each shield machine along a substantially parallel inclined surface facing each other, the distance between each shield machine, i.e., while keeping the connection width small and substantially constant, The length in the width direction of at least two tunnels can be expanded and contracted, and an expanded and contracted cross-section tunnel that simplifies connection work and improves the safety of construction can be constructed.

(2) In the present invention, in (1), it is possible to construct an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel in at least one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by each shield machine.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to construct a tunnel having an expansion / contraction change section in at least one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

(3) In the present invention, in (2), after building the expansion / contraction variable cross-section tunnel in the horizontal direction by using each shield machine, a retaining wall is constructed in the natural ground below from inside the tunnel, A tunnel with a large cross section can be constructed by excavating a natural mountain surrounded by a retaining wall.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to easily form an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel that is expanded / contracted in the horizontal direction.

(4) In the present invention, in (2), each of the shield machines is used to construct an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and then surrounded by the expansion / contraction variable section tunnel in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. A tunnel with a large cross section can be constructed by excavating the ground.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to easily form an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel having a closed section surrounded by tunnels expanded / contracted in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

(5) In the present invention, in any one of (1) to (4), both sides of the shield machine can be formed as inclined surfaces.

  With such a configuration, when a tunnel adjacent to both sides is constructed, it can be easily scaled in both directions.

(6) In this invention, in any one of (1)-(4), the said shield machine can form one side as an inclined surface.

  By adopting such a configuration, when a tunnel adjacent to one side is constructed, it can be used to construct a tunnel at an end position.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 22 are diagrams showing a tunnel construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view of an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel constructed by the tunnel construction method of the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a section taken along line III-III. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line V-V, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII. is there.

  The expansion / contraction change section tunnel 10 is in a state of being gradually widened from the right side to the left side in FIG.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the tunnel width is the narrowest. In this state, three intermediate shield machines 12 are laterally adjacent to each other on the upper side, and end shield machines 14 are provided on both sides thereof. Are adjacent to each other, and a shield machine 16 having a shape in which the shield machine 12 for the intermediate part is turned upside down is adjacent to the lower part in the horizontal direction in a state where it is inserted between the shield machines 12 and 14 on the upper side. In this state, the excavation is performed to construct the nine tunnels 18 in the closest state.

  A retaining wall 22 is constructed from the inside of the tunnel 18 at both ends on the upper side and the inside of the central tunnel 18 toward the natural ground 20 below, and nine tunnels 18 are connected with a predetermined thickness t so that the top wall portion 24 is formed. The tunnel 30 having a large cross section is constructed by excavating a natural ground below the top wall portion 24 and constructing the side wall portion 26 and the bottom wall portion 28 in the constructed state.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the shield machine 12 for the intermediate portion has a substantially inverted trapezoidal shape having other shield cutters 36 on both upper side portions of the face plate 34 having the circular shield cutter 32. Is formed as a downward inclined surface 38 inclined at a predetermined angle θ.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a drive motor 40 that rotates the face plate 34, a shield jack 42, an segment assembly erector 44, and the like are disposed in the shield machine 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the end shield shield machine 14 has another shield cutter 36 on one upper side and the other lower side of a face plate 46 having a circular shield cutter 32, One side portion is formed as a downward inclined surface 38 inclined at a predetermined angle θ.

  The lower shield machine 16 is formed as a downward inclined surface 48 whose both sides are inclined at a predetermined angle θ, and this inclined surface 48 enters between the upper shield machines 12, 14, and these shield machines The machine faces the inclined surface 38 of the machine 12, 14 substantially in parallel.

  In the case of FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 13A, the distance L <b> 1 between the shield machine 12, 14 and the shield machine 16 is the shortest, and the inclined surface 38 and the inclined surface 48. A predetermined distance S is provided between the shield machine 12 and the shield machine 16 and the shield machine 16 has a center difference H1.

  FIG. 3 shows a state wider than the state of FIG.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 13 (B), the distance from the distance L1 between the shield machine 12 and 14 and the shield machine 16 on the upper side is increased by the distance L2, and the shield machines 12 and 14 and the shield machine 16 are Is moved relatively so that the height approaches the center difference H2.

  Therefore, a predetermined distance S is secured between the inclined surface 38 and the inclined surface 48, the connection distance between the tunnels 18 does not change, and it is possible to simplify the connection work and ensure safety. .

  4 is excavated from the state of FIG. 3 without performing the widening construction, and the state and the change of FIG. 3 are not generated.

  FIG. 5 shows a state wider than the state of FIG.

  In this case, as in FIG. 13B, the distance between the shield machine 12 and 14 on the upper side and the shield machine 16 is increased from the state of FIG. 4, and the shield machines 12 and 14 and the shield machine 16 are The heights of the two are relatively moved so that the heights are close to each other.

  Therefore, a predetermined space S is secured between the inclined surface 38 and the inclined surface 48.

  FIG. 6 shows a state where the width is further increased than the state shown in FIG.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 13C, the shield machine 12 and 14 and the shield machine 16 are expanded from the distance L1 between the shield machine 12 and 14 and the shield machine 16 on the upper side by a distance L3. The relative height is moved so that the height becomes the center difference H3.

  Therefore, a predetermined space S is secured between the inclined surface 38 and the inclined surface 48.

  FIG. 7 shows a state in which the width is further increased than the state of FIG.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 13 (D), the distance from the distance L1 between the shield machine 12 and 14 and the shield machine 16 on the upper side is increased by the distance L4, and the shield machines 12 and 14 and the shield machine 16 are Is moved relatively so that the height becomes the center difference H4.

  Therefore, a predetermined space S is secured between the inclined surface 38 and the inclined surface 48.

  Next, an example of a method for constructing such a tunnel will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, as shown in FIG. 14, at the position where the top wall portion 24 of the tunnel 30 having a large cross section is formed, four lower shield machines 16 are set at predetermined intervals, and upper shield shield machines 12 and 14 are set at intervals. The four tunnels 18 (see FIG. 15) on the lower side of the hand are formed by opening and excavating.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 15, the upper shield shield machine 12 is placed between the four tunnels 18 on the lower side with the inclined surfaces 38 and 48 facing each other in parallel with a predetermined interval. The upper tunnel 18 is formed adjacent to the lower tunnel 18 (see FIG. 16).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 16, the shield machine 14 at the upper end is dug with the inclined surface 38 facing the inclined surface 48 of the lower tunnel 18 in parallel with a predetermined interval, A tunnel 18 (see FIG. 17) is formed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 17, the earth retaining work is performed from the upper side tunnel 18 to construct the earth retaining wall 22 in the lower natural ground 20, and the temporary support pile 50 is applied.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 18, after improving the ground in the vicinity of the adjacent portion of each tunnel 18 from within the tunnel 18 and performing a water stop treatment, excavation of natural ground between the tunnels 18 from each tunnel 18 is performed. The tunnel 18 is connected.

  Next, after performing continuous bar arrangement in each tunnel 18, concrete is cast and the top wall part 24 is constructed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 20, the natural ground 20 below the top wall portion 24 is excavated, and the excess steel shell forming the tunnel 18 is removed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 21, bar arrangement is performed and concrete is placed to construct the side wall portion 26, the bottom wall portion 28, and the middle wall portion 52.

  And as shown in FIG. 22, if the temporary support pile 50 is removed, the construction of the tunnel 30 having a large cross section will be completed, and the shield machine 12 will be necessary as necessary while repeating these steps. , 14 and 16, it is possible to construct an enlarged / reduced cross-section tunnel safely by a simple connection work.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified into various forms within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

  For example, in the above embodiment, a plurality of tunnels formed by a shield machine are connected to construct a top wall portion of a large cross-section tunnel, and a retaining wall is constructed in a natural ground below the inside of the tunnel. Explained the case of constructing a tunnel with a large cross-section by excavating the natural ground, but not limited to this example, after constructing the expansion and contraction variable cross-section tunnel in the horizontal direction and vertical direction by each shield machine, By constructing a tunnel with a large cross-section by excavating a natural ground surrounded by a wide-cross-section tunnel in both the vertical and vertical directions, an expanded / contracted cross-section tunnel with a closed cross-section surrounded by a tunnel expanded and contracted in the horizontal and vertical directions It can be formed easily.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although both the side walls which are the opposing surfaces of an adjacent shield machine, or one whole side wall was formed as an inclined surface, it is also possible to form only one part as an inclined surface.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the widened cross section is constructed by nine shield machines, but this is not limiting, and at least two tunnels are adjacent to each other by at least two shield machines. Applicable when building.

  Moreover, each shield machine can make it possible to construct an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel in at least one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

It is a top view of the expansion / contraction change cross section tunnel constructed | assembled by the construction method of the tunnel concerning this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the II-II line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the III-III line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the IV-IV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the VV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the VI-VI line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the VII-VII line of FIG. It is a front view of the shield machine of the intermediate part of an upper side. It is a rear view of FIG. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIGS. 8 and 9. It is a front view of the shield machine of the upper end part. FIG. 12 is a rear view of FIG. 11. (A)-(D) is explanatory drawing which shows the widening construction state from the minimum excavation width to the maximum excavation width, respectively. In the construction method of the tunnel of this Embodiment, it is sectional drawing which shows the state digging with the lower shield digging machine. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an excavation is performed by an upper shield shield machine after completion of excavation in FIG. 14. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the excavation is performed by the shield excavator at the upper end after the excavation in FIG. 15 is completed. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which performs earth retaining and temporary support pile work from the state of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which performs the tunnel connection work from the state of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which performs a top wall part construction from the state of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which performs the internal excavation work of the top wall part lower part from the state of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which performs a side wall part, a bottom wall part, and a middle wall part construction from the state of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which performs temporary support pile removal work from the state of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Expansion / contraction change cross-section tunnel 12, 14, 16 Shield machine 18 Tunnel 20 Ground mountain 22 Retaining wall 24 Top wall part 26 Side wall part 28 Bottom wall part 30 Large-section tunnel 38,48 Inclined surface

Claims (6)

A tunnel construction method in which at least two tunnels are constructed adjacent to each other with at least two shield machines, and the tunnels are connected by excavating ground between each tunnel.
Each of the shield machines is formed as an inclined surface in which the facing surface with the adjacent shield machine is substantially parallel,
The tunnel construction method characterized in that each tunnel engraving machine can construct an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel by relatively moving the shield machine along the inclined surface. In claim 1,
A tunnel construction method characterized in that each of the shield machines enables construction of an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel in at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. In claim 2,
After constructing the expansion / contraction variable cross-section tunnel in the horizontal direction by each shield machine,
A tunnel construction method characterized in that a retaining wall is constructed in a natural ground below from inside the tunnel, and a large-section tunnel is constructed by excavating the natural ground surrounded by the tunnel and the retaining wall. In claim 2,
After constructing an expansion / contraction variable section tunnel in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by each shield machine,
A tunnel construction method characterized in that a tunnel having a large cross section is constructed by excavating a natural ground surrounded by a tunnel with expansion and contraction in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. In any one of Claims 1-4,
The shield machine has a tunnel construction method characterized in that both side surfaces are formed as inclined surfaces. In any one of Claims 1-4,
One method of constructing a tunnel is characterized in that one side of the shield machine is formed as an inclined surface.

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