JP2009258115A - Method and device for measuring thickness of refractory body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an improved refractory measuring device for solving such a problem that conventional devices cannot use radiation ray to detect each body thickness of irradiation side refractory and detection side refractory. <P>SOLUTION: This refractory body thickness measuring method includes: applying radiation to a tube material; detecting decay radiation passed through the tube material and the refractory 5 inside the tube material; also detecting both the irradiated positional surface temperature on surface of the radiation-applied tube material and the detected positional surface temperature on a surface of the decay radiation-detected tube material; then removing decay intensity of the tube material from that of the detected decay radiation to compute decay intensity of the refractory; further computing refractory body thickness from this decay intensity of the refractory; and by using the above irradiated positional surface temperature and detected positional surface temperature, computing a body thickness of both irradiation side refractory and detection side refractory from the above computed refractory body thickness. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a refractory thickness measuring method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for detecting radiation-side refractory thickness and detection-side refractory thickness using radiation.

In an auxiliary facility such as a blast furnace and a hot blast furnace in a steelworks or a chimney such as a sintering and coke oven, the blast furnace and its ancillary facilities are exposed to an extremely high temperature atmosphere in order to extract pig iron from an iron ore. Has a refractory inside the skin. Furthermore, since the blast furnace operates continuously without shutting down after the operation is started, it is impossible to judge the refractory peeling from the inside, and non-destructive inspection such as detection using radiation from the outside is performed.
Therefore, it is an important issue to prevent accidents and to extend the life of the equipment by accurately finding and repairing defective parts of refractories in pipe materials in non-destructive inspection. Yes.

  In addition, as a method of calculating the thickness of the tube material and the thickness of the deposit using radiation, at least two types of radiation sources having different absorption coefficient ratios between the tube material and the deposit are used. A method of measuring the intensity of transmitted radiation and calculating the thickness of the tube and the thickness of the deposit from the attenuation amount for each radiation is disclosed (Patent Document 1 below).

  Further, as a method for calculating the refractory thickness of a pipe material using a muon that is a cosmic ray, a method for calculating the thickness of the refractory from the attenuation amount with respect to the cosmic ray is disclosed (Patent Document 2 below).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-210707 JP-A-8-263741

  However, in the proposed method, the radiation used for the measurement and the attenuation of the cosmic rays occur in both the iron and refractories on the irradiation side and the iron and refractories on the detection side. And the thickness of the refractory on the detection side cannot be discriminated.

  In view of the problems as described above, the present invention aims to calculate the respective refractory thickness on the radiation irradiation side and refractory thickness on the radiation detection side by irradiating the refractory inside the tube material with radiation. To do.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for measuring the thickness of a refractory is to irradiate a tube material with radiation, detect attenuated radiation that has passed through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material, and then irradiate the surface of the tube material irradiated with radiation. The surface temperature of the irradiation position of the tube material and the detection surface temperature of the surface of the tube material where the attenuated radiation was detected are detected, and the attenuation intensity of the refractory is calculated by removing the attenuation intensity of the tube material from the detected attenuation intensity of the attenuation radiation. Then, the refractory thickness is calculated from the decay strength of the refractory, and the irradiation side refractory thickness and the detection side refractory thickness are calculated from the refractory thickness using the irradiation position surface temperature and the detection position surface temperature.
The attenuation strength of the tube material can be calculated based on the thickness of the tube material detected by ultrasonic measurement. The irradiation position of radiation irradiation and the detection position of attenuated radiation may be the same position in the horizontal direction.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the refractory thickness measuring method according to the present invention irradiates a tube material with radiation, and detects the first attenuated radiation that has passed through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material. The irradiation position for irradiating radiation or the detection position for detecting radiation is changed, the tube material is irradiated with radiation, and the second attenuated radiation that has passed through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material is detected. By comparing the attenuation intensity of the first attenuation radiation and the attenuation intensity of the second attenuation radiation, an abnormality in the thickness of the refractory is determined.

Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a radiation irradiation unit for irradiating the tube material with radiation, a radiation detection unit for detecting radiation attenuated through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material, and radiation Calculated by calculating the thickness of the tube material and refractory from the attenuation intensity, and the temperature detection unit that detects the surface temperature of the irradiation position of the surface of the tube material and the detection position surface temperature of the surface of the tube material that detected the attenuated radiation. Calculate the refractory thickness by subtracting the tube material thickness from the thickness of the pipe material and refractory, and use the irradiation position surface temperature and detection position surface temperature to calculate the irradiation side refractory thickness and detection side refractory from the refractory thickness. An arithmetic processing unit for calculating an object thickness.
The attenuation strength of the tube material can be calculated based on the thickness of the tube material detected by ultrasonic measurement. Further, the radiation irradiation unit and the radiation detection unit may be at the same position in the horizontal direction.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first damped radiation that has passed through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material is detected by detecting a radiation irradiation unit that irradiates the tube material with the refractory thickness measuring device radiation, and A radiation detector that detects the second attenuated radiation by changing the surface of the tube material that irradiates the radiation or by changing the surface of the tube material that detects the attenuated radiation; and attenuation of the first attenuated radiation By comparing the intensity and the attenuation intensity of the second attenuated radiation, a determination unit that determines an abnormal part of the refractory thickness is provided.
Further, the decay strength of the tube material may be calculated based on the thickness of the tube material detected by ultrasonic measurement.

  According to the present invention, in the measurement of the thickness of a refractory using radiation, the thickness of the measured refractory can be calculated from the thickness of the refractory on the radiation irradiation side and the refractory thickness on the radiation detection side based on the iron skin surface temperature. It can be found in which part of the pipe material the refractory thickness is reduced.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, by comparing the attenuation intensity of the detected radiation with the attenuation intensity of the radiation detected using another detection unit or irradiation unit, the thickness of the refractory in any part of the tube material is reduced. You can discover what you are doing.

FIG. 1 is a top view showing an example of a refractory thickness measuring apparatus. FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of a refractory thickness measuring apparatus. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of details of the measurement apparatus. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example of a processing flow of refractory thickness measurement by the refractory thickness measurement apparatus. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the attenuation intensity of the attenuated radiation detected by the radiation detection unit. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the attenuation strength and the refractory thickness. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example of a processing flow of refractory thickness measurement by the refractory thickness measurement apparatus. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the radiation irradiation position and the detection position. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the radiation intensity of the attenuated radiation. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing attenuated radiation obtained by removing noise from the attenuated radiation shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a top view showing an example of a refractory thickness measuring apparatus. A sintered chimney 1 that is ancillary equipment of a blast furnace is a furnace that produces pig iron by melting iron ore, and is a cylindrical container or pipe material in which a refractory 5 is lined on a thick iron skin 3. The measuring device 10 is attached to the sintered chimney 1 and irradiates the radiation indicated by the arrow 7, a radiation irradiating part 11, an iron skin 3 a on the radiation irradiation side 50, a refractory 5 a inside the iron skin 3 a, and detection of radiation In order to detect radiation attenuated by passing through the refractory 5b and the iron skin 3b on the side 60, the radiation detection unit 14 including a semiconductor detection element, an input / output unit 15, and a computer 16 are provided.

  The radiation irradiating unit 11 is connected to a radiation source container 12 containing a radiation source iridium (Ir-192) having a high dose rate and a transmission tube for transmitting radiation such as gamma rays and X-rays from the radiation source container 12. The radiation source container 12 is read by an operation device 13 for performing radiation emission control from a management area, a release wire, and the like. By opening and closing the shutter of the radiation source container 12 by the operating device 13 from the management area, the radiation is emitted from the radiation source container 12, and from the radiation irradiation unit 11 attached to the iron skin 3 a of the sintered chimney 1, the iron skin 3a is irradiated with radiation, and as shown by an arrow 7, the radiation passing through the sintered chimney 1 is attenuated by the radiation detector 14 attached to the iron skin 3b. The radiation detector 14 detects a voltage generated by the ionizing action of radiation. The operating device 13 can be connected to the input / output unit 15 by a serial cable or the like, and can be connected to a computer 16 to be described later via the input / output unit 15. Therefore, the operation device 13 can be operated by the computer 16. Further, the radiation detection unit 14 can convert the detected voltage into digital data and transmit the voltage data to the computer 16 via the input / output unit 15 connected by a serial cable or the like.

  FIG. 2 is a screen view showing an example of a refractory thickness measuring apparatus. The sintered chimney 1 is lined with a refractory 5 inside the iron skin 3. The measuring device 10 is attached to the sintered chimney 1 and irradiates a radiation irradiating unit 11 that irradiates the radiation indicated by the arrow 7; In order to detect radiation attenuated by passing through the refractory 5b and the iron shell 3b on the detection side 60, the radiation detection unit 14 including a semiconductor detection element is included.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of details of the measurement apparatus. The measuring device 10 is attached to the sintered chimney 1 and is a radiation detecting unit 14 that detects radiation indicated by an arrow 7 that has passed through a radiation irradiating unit 11 that irradiates radiation, an iron shell 3 and a refractory 5 (not shown) and attenuated. Have

  The radiation irradiation unit 11 is provided with a temperature detection unit 36a for measuring the irradiation position surface temperature of the surface of the tube material irradiated with radiation, and an ultrasonic measurement unit 38a for measuring the thickness of the iron skin by ultrasonic waves. Also good. The radiation irradiation unit 11 includes a control unit 31a, stores temperature data of the iron skin 3 detected by the temperature detection unit 36a, and can transmit various detection data recorded in the computer 16 by wired or wireless communication. The control unit 31a can also record this data in a storage medium, transport the storage medium to the computer 16, and send and receive data.

  The radiation detection unit 14 has a scanner unit 37 that is mounted on the rail 35b so as to be movable and includes a semiconductor detection element. Around the scanner unit 37, the detection position surface of the surface of the tube material that detected the attenuated radiation You may attach the temperature detection part 36b which detects temperature. The radiation detection unit 14 includes an ultrasonic measurement unit 38 b around the scanner unit 37. Furthermore, the radiation detection unit 14 includes a control unit 31b, and the radiation data detected by the radiation detection unit 14, the ultrasonic data measured by the ultrasonic measurement unit 38b, and the temperature of the iron skin 3 detected by the temperature detection unit 36b. The data is recorded, and various inspection data stored in the computer 16 is transmitted by wired or wireless communication. Further, the control unit 31b can record these data in a storage medium, transport the storage medium to the computer 16, and transmit / receive data.

  The temperature detectors 36a and 36b may detect the temperature by a detection element that detects near infrared rays or the like. Moreover, although not shown in figure, the radiation irradiation part 11 is also attached on the rail 35a so that a movement is possible, and it is good also as a movement.

  The ultrasonic measurement units 38 a and 38 b irradiate the iron skin 3 with ultrasonic waves, and can detect the thickness of the iron skin 3 based on characteristics such as changes in the attenuation amount of the ultrasonic waves, reflection, absorption, and transfer time difference. Note that the ultrasonic measurement units 38a and 38b can be mounted by a known ultrasonic thickness meter. The ultrasonic thickness gauge is a time (propagation time) in which ultrasonic waves transmitted from a sensor called a transducer (probe, probe) attached to the iron shell 3 are reflected back to the opposite surface of the object to be measured. ) To calculate the thickness of the iron skin 3.

The temperature detection units 36a and 36b and the ultrasonic measurement units 38a and 38b can transmit data to the computer 16 via the input / output unit 15 connected by a serial cable or an Ethernet (registered trademark) cable.
Further, the temperature detectors 36a and 36b are not necessarily integrated with the radiation detectors 14 and the radiation irradiation unit 11 and the ultrasonic measurement units 38a and 38b are not necessarily integrated with the operator. Each surface temperature may be detected by measurement using a known portable thermotracer and recorded in the input unit 24 or the storage unit 21 of the computer 16.

  The computer 16 includes a processing unit 25, a storage unit 21 that records programs and various data that define the operation of the processing unit 25, a communication unit 22 that transmits and receives data by wired or non-repetitive communication, an input unit 24, and a display unit 23. Have

  The computer 16 can obtain the attenuation intensity of the radiation corresponding to the thickness of the iron skin 3 detected by the ultrasonic measurement units 38a and 38b according to Lambert's law shown below (Formula 1).

α is a line weakness coefficient. Here, x is the thickness of the iron skin. It is possible to calculate I as the radiation intensity when I ₀ moves the distance x through the iron skin before the radiation enters the iron skin. That is, if x is known by the ultrasonic measurement unit 18, the intensity of I after passing through the iron skin can be calculated. Then, the computer 16 subtracts the attenuation intensity of the iron skin calculated using Equation 1 from the detected attenuation intensity of the radiation. The attenuation intensity calculated by subtracting in this way is the attenuation intensity of only the refractory thickness on the irradiation side and the detection side.
Then, the computer 16 calculates the refractory thickness corresponding to the attenuation strength of the refractory thickness from the calibration curve of the radiation attenuation strength and the refractory thickness (shown in FIG. 6 described later).

  The computer 16 calculates the irradiation side refractory thickness and the detection side refractory thickness by using the irradiation position surface temperature and the detection position surface temperature for the calculated refractory thickness. The calculation method uses the following equation assuming that the conduction heat transfer amount of the refractory, the radiant heat transfer amount from the iron skin surface, and the convection heat transfer are in an equilibrium state. The heat conduction of the iron skin is neglected because the heat conductivity is extremely high and the heat resistance is extremely small. In addition, the sintered chimney is cylindrical, but the porosity of the iron skin surface is so small that a flat plate wall model can be used. Therefore, the conduction heat transfer calculation formula for the flat plate wall is used as the calculation formula for the conduction heat transfer. The conduction heat transfer calculation formula was not used.

q1 is the amount of heat from the irradiation side skin in an equilibrium state, and is radiant heat transfer and convection heat transfer. Further, q2 is the amount of heat from the detection-side iron skin in a neutral state, and is radiant heat transfer and convection heat transfer. t0 is the temperature inside the furnace, t1 is the temperature outside the furnace (irradiation side), t2 is the temperature outside the furnace (detection side), b1 is the thickness of the heat insulating material on the irradiation side, b2 is the thickness of the heat insulating material on the detection side, and ε is the Stefan Boltzmann coefficient (for example, In the case of a blast furnace or chimney, about 0.7), λ is the thermal conductivity.
The left side of Equation 2 indicates the amount of conduction heat transfer indicated by Fourier's law, the first term on the right side of Equation 2 indicates radiant heat transfer indicated by Stefan Boltzmann's law, and the second term on the left side of Equation 2 indicates convection. The amount of heat transfer is indicated (hc is used depending on the shape. Hc = 2.2 for the vertical wall surface, hc = 2.8 for the upward wall surface, hc = 1.5 for the downward wall surface). The same applies to Equation 3.

  Note that λ is the same value on the detection side and the irradiation side. This is because the horizontal positions on the detection side and the irradiation side are the same. In other words, in general, the thermal conductivity changes from time to time due to phenomena such as the fluid infiltrating the furnace environment and the components in the refractory evaporating, but in environments such as blast furnaces and chimneys, the furnace environment depends on the height direction. This is because the physical properties of the refractory are considered to be the same if the horizontal position of the refractory is the same. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, refractories molded from liquid materials such as concrete, and solid refractories such as bricks, because the same shape or physical properties are used in the height direction, changes in physical properties The previous property is the same. Therefore, when calculating the irradiation side refractory thickness and the detection side refractory thickness using the surface temperature, in order to improve calculation accuracy, the detection side and the irradiation side are assumed to have the same horizontal position as the positional relationship. It is preferable to be installed in By transforming Formula 2 and Formula 3, Formula 3 for calculating b1 (irradiation-side insulation thickness) and b2 can derive Formula 4 for calculating (detection-side insulation thickness). .

In this way, the computer 16 uses equations assuming an equilibrium state of conduction heat transfer, convection heat transfer, and radiation heat transfer, and b1 (irradiation side heat insulating material thickness) and b2 (detection side heat insulating material thickness). Can be calculated. However, the convection heat transfer and radiant heat transfer equations, which are the denominators of Equation 4 and Equation 5, match the calculated values and actual values based on the relationship between the outside air environment (temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind) and surface shape. Often not. Therefore, b1 and b2 calculated in this way are difficult to use as they are because of low accuracy.
On the other hand, the measurement by radiation can calculate an accurate value. However, only the total thickness on the irradiation side and the detection side can be calculated. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the thicknesses b1 and b2 calculated by Expression 3 and Expression 4 are used for the ratio calculation with respect to the value measured using radiation.

  Formula 6 is a formula which shows the ratio obtained from b1 and b2. Using this equation 6 and the thickness L of the radiation measurement value, the ratio based on the radiation measurement value and the heat transfer calculation is L1 (irradiation side heat insulating material thickness), and L2 (detection side heat insulating material thickness) is as follows: Can be defined.

  In Formula 7 and Formula 8, Formula 4 and Formula 5 with low calculation accuracy are used as a ratio for obtaining the refractory thickness on the irradiation side and the refractory thickness on the detection side. By doing in this way, the refractory thickness by the radiation measurement with high calculation accuracy can be divided into the irradiation side refractory thickness and the detection side refractory thickness. Thus, the measuring apparatus 10 can calculate the irradiation-side refractory thickness and the detection-side refractory thickness using the irradiation position surface temperature and the detection position surface temperature.

  The computer 16 can also detect the thickness of the refractory or determine whether the thickness of the refractory is abnormal without using the surface temperature. For example, the measuring apparatus 10 detects the attenuated radiation that has passed through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material by fixing the irradiation position for irradiating the radiation and the detection position for detecting the radiation, and then detects the radiation. The detection position is changed by moving the unit 14 in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, or the irradiation position is changed by moving the radiation irradiation unit 11 in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, and the second attenuation is performed. Detect radiation.

  Then, the computer 16 calculates the thickness of the fire proof corresponding to the difference between the attenuation intensities of the first and second attenuation radiations detected, and detects the thickness before the detection position change and the detection position. The difference in thickness after the change (or before the irradiation position change and after the irradiation position change) can be obtained from the calibration curve of the radiation attenuation intensity and the refractory thickness (shown in FIG. 6 described later).

  In this way, by changing the detection position or the irradiation position, the difference amount between the radiation intensity and the refractory thickness can be obtained. When the difference amount is large, it is possible to determine the detection position or the irradiation position as an abnormal location. In addition, the average value of the detected plurality of attenuation intensities is defined as the average refractory thickness avL, and the thickness of the portion that is determined to be a normal refractory without fluctuation of the difference value is defined as the average refractory thickness avL. With the difference value ΔL, it is also possible to obtain the refractory thickness by adding or subtracting the difference value to the average refractory thickness avL.

  An example of the processing flow of the refractory thickness measurement by the refractory thickness measuring device will be described with reference to FIG. First, radiation is irradiated from the radiation irradiation unit 11 to the back surface of the iron shell 3 of the sintered chimney 1 which is a cylindrical container made of a tubular material (step 101). When the radiation passes through the sintered chimney 1, the radiation is attenuated by the interaction between the irradiation side iron skin 3 a and the refractory 5 a, passes through the inside of the sintered chimney 1, and further detects the iron side 3 b on the detection side and the refractory. It attenuates due to the interaction with the object 5b. In this way, the radiation detector 14 detects the attenuated radiation that has passed through the iron shells 3a, 3b and the refractories 5a, 5b of the sintered chimney 1, which is a cylindrical container made of a tubular material (step 102).

  The attenuation intensity of the attenuated radiation detected by the radiation detection unit 14 is shown using FIG. This attenuation strength is measured by the radiation detection unit 14 at a position of 180 degrees with respect to the radiation irradiation unit 11 with respect to the sintered chimney having a tube diameter of 6600 mm. The measured data is the attenuation intensity of the detected radiation when the radiation detecting unit 14 and the radiation irradiating unit 11 move in the horizontal positions 1 mm to 750 mm by the rail movement.

  Returning to FIG. 4, next, the irradiation position surface temperature of the surface of the tube material irradiated with radiation and the detection position surface temperature of the surface of the tube material where the attenuated radiation is detected are detected (step 103). In this step, for example, the temperature detection unit 36a on the irradiation side and the temperature detection unit 36b on the detection side measure the temperature by detecting infrared rays emitted from the surface of the sintered chimney to be detected, and the measurement data is The data is stored in the storage unit 21 of the computer 16 via the input / output unit 15. In addition, this step may be measured by a worker using a thermotracer and stored in the storage unit 21 of the computer 16 via the input unit 24.

Next, the attenuation intensity of the tube material is removed from the detected attenuation intensity of the radiation, and the attenuation intensity of the refractory is calculated (step 104).
In this step, the processing unit 25 of the computer 16 receives the thickness of the iron skin 3 detected by the ultrasonic measurement unit 18. Next, the processing unit 25 of the computer 16 calculates the attenuation intensity of the radiation in the core 3 corresponding to the received thickness of the core 3.
For example, when the thickness of the iron skin 3 detected by the ultrasonic measurement unit 18 is 11 mm on the irradiation side, 11 mm on the detection side, 22 mm in total, the radiation intensity is 300 keV, and the linear attenuation coefficient is 0.864 The processing unit 25 of the computer 16 can calculate the attenuation strength of the iron skin 3 as 300 × e (−0.864 × 2.22) = 45 [μSv / s] using the above-described Expression 1. Next, the attenuation strength of the iron skin 3 is subtracted from the detected radiation attenuation strength as shown in FIG. By doing in this way, since the attenuation strength of the iron skin 3 was subtracted from the attenuation strength by the iron skin and refractory thickness shown in FIG. 5, the attenuation strength of the refractory is calculated.

Next, the refractory thickness is calculated from the attenuation strength of the refractory (step 105).
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the attenuation strength and the refractory thickness. As shown in the drawing, the refractory thickness can be calculated from the detected attenuation strength by utilizing the relationship between the attenuation strength and the refractory thickness obtained in advance through experiments. Accordingly, in step 104, the thickness of the refractory is calculated based on the calibration curve shown in FIG. 6 from the attenuation intensity obtained by subtracting the iron core attenuation intensity.

  Next, using the irradiation position surface temperature and the detection position surface temperature, the irradiation side refractory thickness and the detection side refractory thickness are calculated from the refractory thickness calculated in step 105 (step 106). This calculation is calculated by the computer 20 using the equations 7 and 8 as described above. And the processing flow of refractory thickness measurement is complete | finished.

  Table 1 shown below shows the results of calculation by the above processing flow in the horizontal position areas a, b, c, d, and e shown in FIG.

  The refractory thicknesses b1 and b2 obtained by the heat transfer calculation are not equal to the refractory thicknesses L1 and L2 distributed by the heat transfer calculation in the calculation accuracy of the heat transfer calculation as described above. However, the refractory thicknesses L1 and L2 with improved calculation accuracy can be calculated by using the refractory thicknesses b1 and b2 obtained by the heat transfer calculation in the ratio calculation.

  An example of the processing flow of the refractory thickness measurement by the refractory thickness measurement device will be described with reference to FIG. First, the radiation irradiation unit 11 irradiates the surface of the iron shell 3 of the sintered chimney 1 which is a cylindrical container made of a tubular material (step 201), and the radiation detection unit 14 The attenuated radiation that has passed through the refractory is detected (step 202).

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the radiation irradiation position and the detection position. In step 201, radiation is first emitted at an irradiation position 50a that is 180 degrees with respect to the detection position 60a.

  Returning again to FIG. 7, the irradiation position for irradiating radiation or the detection position for detecting radiation is changed (step 203). This indicates, for example, that the irradiation position 50a shown in FIG. 8 is changed counterclockwise, for example, the 13.1 degree irradiation position 50b while the detection position 60a is fixed. Although not shown in FIG. 8, it is also possible to change the detection position 60a in a similar manner while the irradiation position 50a is fixed.

  Next, the radiation irradiating unit 11 irradiates the surface of the iron shell 3 of the cylindrical container sintered chimney 1 similar to the sintered chimney which is a cylindrical container made of a tubular material (step 204). The attenuated radiation that has passed through the refractory inside the material is detected (step 205).

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the radiation intensity of the attenuated radiation detected in FIG. 9. (A) is a graph which shows the attenuation intensity of the detected radiation before an irradiation position change, (b) is a graph which shows the attenuation intensity of the detected radiation after an irradiation position change. The vertical axis of the graphs in Figs. (A) and (b) indicates the chimney height direction, and the horizontal axis indicates the attenuation strength. Since the attenuation strength waveform indicated by 352a shows a greater attenuation strength than other waveforms, it is considered that the thickness of the refractory is reduced at the height and position. However, since the detected radiation intensity is attenuated by the refractory on the irradiation side and the refractory on the detection side, the refractory thickness at the irradiation position or the detection position is thinner in FIG. Cannot be determined.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the radiation intensity is detected by changing the irradiation position and the waveform of the same height reference 352b is recognized, it can be seen that the attenuation intensity of the radiation is reduced. Therefore, since the attenuation intensity is reduced by changing the irradiation position, it is possible to determine that the thickness of the irradiation position 50a refractory is thin.

  The detected attenuated radiation shown in FIGS. (A) and (b) is stored in the storage unit 31b of the radiation detection unit. And the data of attenuation radiation are stored in the memory | storage part 21 of the computer 16 using the recording medium or radio | wireless communication etc. which are not illustrated from the memory | storage part 31b.

  Returning to FIG. 7 again, the processing unit of the computer 16 performs noise removal processing on the stored attenuated radiation data (step 206). Since this attenuated radiation data is composed of signals sampled in the vertical direction, for example, the noise removal processing is executed by averaging data values sampled in units of 1 mm in the vertical direction.

  FIG. 10A shows attenuated radiation obtained by removing noise from the attenuated radiation shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. FIG. 10B shows a diagram in which the two attenuated radiations shown in FIG. The attenuation radiation clarified by performing the noise removal makes it possible to compare the data shown in FIGS.

  Returning again to FIG. 7, the attenuation strengths of the two attenuated radiations having different irradiation positions are compared (step 207). It becomes clear that the peak portion indicated by 352c in FIG. 10 is not caused by changing the irradiation position. Therefore, it turns out that attenuation intensity becomes small at the position of the irradiation position 50a, that is, peeling of the refractory occurs. Further, the processing unit 25 of the computer 16 can detect the difference ΔL between the attenuation strengths of the two attenuated radiations and determine an abnormal part where the refractory is peeled off when the difference ΔL exceeds a certain threshold value. (Step 208). Further, it is possible to evaluate the difference ΔL using the transmitted radiation intensity instead of the attenuation intensity.

Further, the attenuation intensity of the radiation is detected at multiple points and stored in the storage unit 21 of the computer 16, and the average value of the detected plurality of attenuation intensities is defined as the average refractory thickness avL, and there is no fluctuation of the difference value and the normal state is obtained. It is also possible to obtain the thickness of the refractory by adding or subtracting the difference value to the average refractory thickness avL from the difference value ΔL by setting the origin of the portion judged to be a refractory phrase as the average refractory thickness avL It becomes.
Thus, the processing flow of refractory thickness measurement is completed.

  Although the sintered chimney 1 is described as an example, the present invention is not limited to application to the sintered chimney 1. The present invention can be widely applied to various cylindrical containers and / or pipe materials that require nondestructive inspection, such as blast furnaces, piping materials having a refractory lining, and heating furnaces. In addition, the refractory is described as an example, but the present invention can be widely applied to various pipe materials that need to be inspected by nondestructive inspection, such as a maturing material and a heat insulating material.

  Further, the embodiments described above are merely given as typical examples, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to combine the components of the respective embodiments, and that modifications and variations thereof will be obvious to those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that various modifications of the above-described embodiments can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the scope of the teaching.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sintering chimney 3 Iron skin 5 Refractory 10 Measurement apparatus 11 Radiation irradiation part 14 Radiation detection part 20 Computer

Claims (8)

Irradiate the tube material with radiation,
Detecting attenuated radiation that has passed through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material;
Detecting the irradiation position surface temperature of the surface of the tube material irradiated with the radiation, and the detection position surface temperature of the surface of the tube material detecting the attenuated radiation;
The attenuation intensity of the refractory is calculated by removing the attenuation intensity of the tube material from the attenuation intensity of the detected attenuation radiation,
From the attenuation strength of the refractory, calculate the refractory thickness,
A method for measuring a thickness of a refractory, comprising calculating an irradiation-side refractory thickness and a detection-side refractory thickness from the refractory thickness using the irradiation position surface temperature and the detection position surface temperature.   The refractory thickness measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the attenuation strength of the tube material is calculated based on the thickness of the tube material detected by the ultrasonic measurement.   The refractory thickness measuring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the irradiation position of the radiation irradiation and the detection position of the attenuated radiation are the same position in the horizontal direction. Irradiate the tube material with radiation,
Detecting first attenuated radiation that has passed through the tube material and a refractory inside the tube material;
Change the irradiation position to irradiate the radiation, or the detection position to detect the radiation,
Irradiate the tube material with radiation,
Detecting second attenuated radiation that has passed through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material;
Refractory thickness characterized in that an abnormal portion of the refractory thickness is determined by comparing the transmission intensity or attenuation intensity of the first attenuation radiation with the transmission intensity or attenuation intensity of the second attenuation radiation. Measuring method. A radiation irradiation unit for irradiating the tube material with radiation;
A radiation detector that detects radiation attenuated through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material;
A temperature detection unit that detects an irradiation position surface temperature of the surface of the tube material irradiated with the radiation, and a detection position surface temperature of the surface of the tube material that detects the attenuated radiation;
Calculate the thickness of the tube material and the refractory from the attenuation strength, calculate the refractory thickness by subtracting the tube material thickness from the calculated thickness of the tube material and refractory, and the irradiation position surface temperature A refractory thickness measuring apparatus comprising: an arithmetic processing unit that calculates an irradiation side refractory thickness and a detection side refractory thickness from the refractory thickness using the detection position surface temperature.   The measurement apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the attenuation strength of the tube material is calculated based on a thickness of the tube material detected by the ultrasonic measurement.   The refractory thickness measuring method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the radiation irradiating unit and the radiation detecting unit are at the same position in a horizontal direction. A radiation irradiation unit for irradiating the tube material with radiation;
The tube that detects the first attenuated radiation that has passed through the tube material and the refractory inside the tube material, changes the surface of the tube material that is irradiated with the radiation, or detects the attenuated radiation. A radiation detector that detects the second attenuated radiation by changing the surface of the material;
A discrimination unit for discriminating an abnormal part of the refractory thickness by comparing the transmission intensity or attenuation intensity of the first attenuated radiation with the second transmission intensity or attenuation intensity of the attenuated radiation; Refractory thickness measuring device.

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