JP2009257703A - Stored hot water temperature controller, hot water storage water heater, stored hot water temperature control method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out optimum control of hot water temperature with consideration to heat radiation in a hot water storage water heater. <P>SOLUTION: A hot water temperature model (1), a heat radiation amount model (6), and a stored hot water heating value model (2), or the like are stored in a model memory unit 251. A predicted air temperature acquiring part 213 acquires a predicted value of an air temperature every unit time, a predicted amount used acquiring part 215 acquires a predicted value of an amount used every unit time, and a predicted intake water temperature acquiring part 214 acquires a predicted value of an intake water temperature every unit time. In an optimum hot water temperature plan creating part 221, a hot water temperature in regard to each unit time is changed, the hot water temperature, the predicted value of the air temperature, and the predicted value of the amount used are applied to each model, and a plan of the hot water temperature wherein the heat radiation amount becomes minimum and an energy charge regarding heat radiation becomes minimum or an energy charge regarding heating becomes minimum is created. A heater control part 223 controls a heating means such that the hot water temperature conforms to the optimum hot water temperature plan. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water storage temperature control device, a hot water storage water heater, a hot water storage temperature control method, and a program.

Many hot water storage water heaters that can keep warm are used. In a conventional hot water storage water heater, heating means such as a heater is controlled in accordance with the temperature of the hot water detected by a temperature sensor, and the hot water is heated to a predetermined temperature, and then the temperature is maintained (patent) Reference 1). In addition, in hot water storage water heaters, a technique for saving energy by changing the energization time according to the time has been proposed. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a water heater that cuts off power to a heater during a set period.
JP-A-9-264604 JP 2003-279153 A

  By the way, heating of hot water by a hot water heater is generally performed at midnight when the price is low. On the other hand, it is known that the amount of hot water used the most during a day is bathing time. Therefore, natural heat is radiated from the hot water storage container until then. However, in the prior art disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and the like, the temperature is not set in consideration of natural heat dissipation.

  In recent years, heat pump water heaters have also been commercialized. However, since heat pump water heaters have the property of increasing heating efficiency when the outside air temperature is high, it is desirable to perform heating when the outside air temperature is high. However, the present condition is that the heating control which considered external temperature is not performed.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and it is possible to perform optimum hot water temperature control in consideration of heat dissipation in a hot water storage water heater, and further in consideration of heating efficiency in a heat pump water heater. A hot water storage temperature control device, a hot water storage water heater, a hot water storage temperature control method, and a program are provided.

The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that the hot water storage container in a hot water storage water heater comprising a hot water storage container for storing hot water and a heating means for heating the hot water stored in the hot water storage container. A hot water storage temperature control device for controlling the hot water storage temperature in the hot water storage temperature model for calculating the hot water storage heat amount, which is the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage container, based on the hot water storage temperature of the hot water storage container, and unit time A heat dissipation model for calculating the heat dissipation amount of the hot water storage container in the unit time based on the hot water temperature in the room, the temperature of the place where the hot water storage water heater is installed, and the heat dissipation coefficient of the hot water storage container, and the unit time The amount of stored hot water in the hot water storage container, the amount of heat used as the amount of hot water used in the unit time, the amount of heat released in the unit time, the amount of heat in the unit time, and the previous A model storage unit for storing a hot water storage heat amount model for calculating a hot water storage heat amount in a unit time next to the unit time based on an intake heat amount that is a heat amount of hot water supplied to the hot water storage container in a unit time; and a predetermined plan A predicted temperature acquisition unit that acquires a predicted value of the temperature for each unit time within the time, a predicted usage amount acquisition unit that acquires a predicted value of the amount of hot water used for each unit time, and a plurality of each of the unit times Assuming the hot water temperature, the assumed hot water temperature, the predicted value of the air temperature, and the predicted value of the usage amount are applied to the hot water temperature model, the heat dissipation model, and the hot water storage heat amount model, and the optimum An optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit for creating an optimal hot water temperature plan that is a combination of hot water temperatures, and the heating means is controlled so that the hot water storage temperature for each unit time becomes the hot water temperature included in the optimum hot water temperature plan. And a control unit And Rukoto.
According to the hot water storage temperature control device of the present invention, it is possible to formulate an optimal hot water temperature plan in consideration of the heat radiation amount.

Moreover, invention of Claim 2 among this invention is the hot water storage temperature control apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The said optimal hot water temperature plan preparation part is the said each hot water temperature combination among each said assumption hot water temperature combination. The optimum hot water temperature plan is set so that the total value of the heat dissipation amount per unit time is minimized.
In this case, the hot water temperature can be adjusted so that the amount of heat radiation is minimized, so that waste due to natural heat radiation can be eliminated and energy saving can be realized.

Moreover, invention of Claim 3 among this invention is the hot water storage temperature control apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The said model memory | storage part is further in the energization time with respect to the said heating means, and the rated output of the said heating means. Based on the heating amount model for calculating the heating amount in the unit time, and the optimum hot water temperature plan creating unit, among the assumed hot water temperature combinations, the heating amount in the unit time and the unit time It is assumed that the optimum hot water temperature plan is the one with the minimum sum of the values obtained by adding the heat dissipation amount for.
In this case, the optimum hot water temperature plan can be created so that the total value of the heat dissipation amount and the heating amount is minimized. Therefore, useless heating and heat dissipation can be prevented, and the operating cost of the hot water heater can be reduced.

Moreover, invention of Claim 4 among the present invention is the hot water storage temperature control apparatus according to Claim 1, and is information for calculating a power rate based on the heating amount for each time zone. An electric power price information storage unit for storing electric power price information;
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit calculates the power rate based on the power price information corresponding to the time zone to which the unit time belongs and the heating amount for each unit time, and made the assumption Among the combinations of hot water temperatures, the optimum hot water temperature plan is the one that minimizes the power charge.
In this case, since the hot water temperature can be adjusted so as to minimize the electricity charge for heating, the operating cost of the hot water storage water heater can be reduced. Further, if the power price for each unit time within the planned time is set to the same price, the obtained result can be an optimum hot water temperature plan that minimizes the amount of power required for heating and heat dissipation.

Moreover, invention of Claim 5 among this invention is the hot water storage temperature control apparatus of Claim 4, Comprising: The said heating means is a heat pump, The said model memory | storage part is further set with the heating target temperature of hot water. Based on the difference from the air temperature, the COP model for calculating the COP indicating the efficiency of the heat pump, the energization time for the heat pump, the rated output of the predetermined heat pump, and the COP in the unit time A heating amount model for calculating a heating amount, and the optimum hot water temperature plan creating unit stores the assumed hot water temperature as the heating target temperature and the predicted temperature value in the COP model for each unit time. Applying the COP and calculating the energizing time by applying the COP and the heating amount to the heating amount model, and calculating the energizing time and the energizing time. And to calculate the power rate on the basis of the price information.
When the heating means is a heat pump, the required energization time varies depending on the outside air temperature, which affects the electricity rate. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to calculate the power rate in consideration of the change in COP according to the temperature. That is, it is possible to predict a power rate with higher accuracy. Therefore, the power charge can be further reduced.

Moreover, invention of Claim 6 among the present invention is the hot water storage temperature control apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: It is the information for calculating an electricity bill based on the said thermal radiation amount for every time slot | zone. An electric power price information storage unit for storing electric power price information;
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit calculates, for each unit time, a loss amount that is the power rate based on the power price information corresponding to the time zone to which the unit time belongs and the heat radiation amount. Among the assumed hot water temperature combinations, the optimum hot water temperature plan is the one with the smallest loss.
In this case, the hot water temperature can be adjusted so that the amount of heat (the amount of loss) obtained by converting the heat radiation amount into a power charge is minimized. Therefore, the cost for the hot water storage water heater can be reduced.

Moreover, invention of Claim 7 among the present invention is the hot water storage temperature control apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The setting information storage part which memorize | stores the minimum temperature and the maximum temperature of the hot water storage temperature of the said hot water storage container is provided. The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit, among the combinations of hot water temperatures assumed for each unit time, is optimal among all the hot water temperatures that are equal to or higher than the lowest temperature and lower than or equal to the highest temperature. The thing shall be the optimum hot water temperature plan.
In this case, an optimal hot water temperature plan can be formulated under the constraint that the hot water temperature during the planning period does not fall below the minimum temperature and does not exceed the maximum temperature. If the hot water temperature is planned not to fall below the minimum temperature, for example, even if it is not expected to be used normally, the hot water temperature at the specified minimum temperature should be set in preparation for accidental use. Can keep. Further, by planning so that the hot water temperature does not exceed the maximum temperature, it is possible to prevent the hot water from being heated too much above the maximum temperature that can be kept in the hot water storage container.

  Other problems and solutions to be disclosed by the present application will be made clear by the embodiments of the invention and the drawings.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, control of the optimal hot water temperature which considered heat radiation in a hot water storage water heater can be performed.

Hereinafter, the hot water storage water heater 10 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
In the hot water storage water heater 10 of the present embodiment, each unit time (1 hour in the present embodiment) in a predetermined planned time (24 hours in the present embodiment) so that the amount of heat release is minimized in advance. Each hot water temperature plan (hereinafter referred to as the optimal hot water temperature plan) is determined, and the hot water temperature is determined according to the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water storage container (hereinafter referred to as the hot water temperature). Control the heater to meet the temperature plan.

== System configuration ==
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a hot water storage water heater 10 according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the hot water storage water heater 10 of this embodiment includes a hot water storage container 11, a heater 12, a temperature sensor 13, and a hot water storage temperature control device 20. In the hot water storage water heater 10, hot water is discharged from the hot water storage container 11 to a water supply pipe 14 for supplying water to the hot water storage container 11 from a water supply source (not shown) and a water tap (not shown) installed at a hot water use place. Is connected to the hot water discharge pipe 15.

The hot water storage container 11 is a container for storing hot water, and a predetermined heat dissipation coefficient is determined for each hot water storage container 11.
The heater 12 heats hot water stored in the hot water storage container 11. In the present embodiment, the heater 12 is assumed to be a heat pump or an electric heater. In the example of FIG. 1, the heater 12 is disposed in the hot water storage container 11 and directly heats the hot water stored in the hot water storage container 11, but the hot water storage container 11 may be heated. The hot water may be taken out from the hot water storage container 11 and the heated hot water may be returned to the hot water storage container 11.
The temperature sensor 13 detects the hot water storage temperature of the hot water storage container 11.
The hot water storage temperature control device 20 controls the heater 12 according to the hot water storage temperature detected by the temperature sensor 13 (hereinafter also referred to as a detected temperature).

  The hot water storage temperature control device 20 is communicably connected to the information providing device 40 via the communication line 30. The information providing device 40 is a computer that provides various types of information to the hot water storage water heater 10. For example, the information providing device 40 provides the hot water storage temperature control device 20 with various types of information such as an electricity price for each time zone, a predicted value of the outside air temperature, and a COP (Coefficient Of Performance) indicating the efficiency of the heat pump. . As the information providing device 40, for example, a server operated by an electric power company, the Japan Meteorological Agency, a business company that provides the hot water heater 10 or the like is assumed.

  The communication line 30 is, for example, a public telephone line network, a wireless communication network, Ethernet (registered trademark), or the like. The communication line 30 may be constructed as a communication network such as the Internet or a LAN (Local Area Network). In addition, as a technique for the hot water storage temperature control device 20 to access the information providing device 40 and acquire various kinds of information, a general technology can be used. The hot water storage temperature control device 20 communicates with the information providing device 40 according to a general communication protocol such as HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) or FTP (File Transfer Protocol). A plurality of information providing devices 40 may be installed for each type of information.

== Hot water storage temperature control device ==
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the hot water storage temperature control device 20. As shown in the figure, the hot water storage temperature control device 20 includes a CPU 201, a memory 202, a storage device 203, a communication interface 204, and control interfaces 205 and 206.

  The storage device 203 stores various data and programs, for example, a flash memory or a hard disk drive. The CPU 201 implements various functions by reading the program stored in the storage device 203 into the memory 202 and executing it.

  The communication interface 204 is an interface for connecting to the communication line 30 and, for example, a modem for connecting to a public telephone line network, an adapter for connecting to Ethernet (registered trademark), and a wireless line network. Wireless communication devices. The control interfaces 205 and 206 are interfaces for connecting to other devices. The control interfaces 205 and 206 are, for example, a serial interface such as RS232C / 422/485, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface, a GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus) interface, or the like. The heater 12 is connected to the control interface 205, and the temperature sensor 13 is connected to the control interface 206.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a software configuration of the hot water storage temperature control device 20. As shown in the figure, the hot water storage temperature control device 20 includes a setting information acquisition unit 211, a power price acquisition unit 212, a predicted temperature acquisition unit 213, a predicted intake water temperature acquisition unit 214, a predicted usage amount acquisition unit 215, and a detected temperature acquisition unit. 216, an optimal hot water temperature plan creation unit 221, an optimal hot water temperature plan update unit 222, a heater control unit 223, a model storage unit 251, a setting information storage unit 252, and an optimal hot water temperature plan storage unit 253.

The setting information acquisition unit 211 accesses the information providing device 40 and acquires various setting information used for creating an optimum hot water temperature plan, controlling the heater 12, and the like. Note that the setting information acquisition unit 211 may accept input of setting information from an input device such as a button, a keyboard, or a remote controller. The setting information acquired by the setting information acquisition unit 211 is registered in the setting information storage unit 252. An example of the setting information acquired by the setting information acquisition unit 211 and registered in the setting information storage unit 252 is shown in FIG. The minimum temperature and the maximum temperature are the minimum temperature and the maximum temperature of the hot water storage temperature. The optimal hot water temperature plan is created so that all the hot water temperatures included in the optimal hot water temperature plan do not fall below the minimum temperature and do not exceed the maximum temperature. The rated output, COP, and heating efficiency (η) are values for calculating the amount of heat (heating amount) due to heating of the heater 12, and are constants that differ depending on the heater 12. COP is a value representing the heating capability per 1 kW of power consumption. Since the heating capability decreases when the outside air temperature is low, for example, it can be linearly approximated by the following equation.
COP = −a × (heating target temperature−outside air temperature (t)) + b
Here, a and b are constants determined by device performance.

  The power price acquisition unit 212 accesses the information providing device 40 and acquires a power price for each time zone from the information providing device 40. It is assumed that the information providing apparatus 40 accessed by the power price acquisition unit 212 is operated by, for example, an electric power company or a sales company of the hot water heater 10. An example of the power price acquired by the power price acquisition unit 212 is shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 5, the power price (yen / kWh) corresponding to two time zones is shown. The power price may correspond to a date or day of the week. Further, the power price acquisition unit 212 may receive an input of the power price from an input device such as a touch panel, a button, a remote controller, or a keyboard.

  The predicted temperature acquisition unit 213 accesses the information providing device 40 and acquires a predicted value of temperature for each hour (hereinafter referred to as predicted temperature) from the information providing device 40. The information providing device 40 accessed by the predicted temperature acquisition unit 213 is assumed to be operated by, for example, the Japan Meteorological Agency or a private weather company. An example of the predicted temperature acquired by the predicted temperature acquisition unit 213 is shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 6, the predicted temperature (° C.) corresponding to the hourly date and time is shown. Note that the predicted temperature may correspond to the season or the month. In addition, the hot water heater 10 is provided with a measuring device such as a thermometer or a hygrometer without acquiring the predicted temperature from the information providing device 40, and the predicted temperature acquiring unit 213 is based on the measured value from the measuring device. You may make it perform prediction of temperature.

  The predicted intake water temperature acquisition unit 214 accesses the information providing device 40, and predicts the water temperature (hereinafter referred to as intake water temperature) of the water supplied to the hot water storage container 11 (hereinafter referred to as predicted intake water temperature). Get from 40. The information providing device 40 accessed by the predicted intake water temperature acquisition unit 214 is assumed to be operated by, for example, the Japan Meteorological Agency, a private weather company, a water company, a sales company of the hot water heater 10, or the like. An example of the predicted water intake temperature acquired by the predicted water intake temperature acquiring unit 214 is shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 7, the predicted intake water temperature (° C.) according to the date and time is shown. The predicted intake water temperature may be according to the season. In addition, the predicted intake water temperature is not acquired from the information providing device 40, but the hot water storage water heater 10 is provided with a measuring device that measures the water temperature of the water supply pipe 14, and the predicted intake water temperature acquiring unit 214 uses the measured value of the measuring device. You may make it predict based on it. For example, the predicted intake water temperature acquisition unit 214 can also use the measured value of the intake water temperature of the same time zone yesterday as the predicted intake water temperature.

The predicted usage amount acquisition unit 215 accesses the information providing device 40 and acquires a predicted value of hot water usage amount for each time zone (hereinafter referred to as a predicted usage amount) from the information providing device 40. It is assumed that the information providing apparatus 40 accessed by the predicted usage amount acquiring unit 215 is operated by, for example, a water company or a sales company of the hot water storage hot water heater 10. An example of the predicted usage amount acquired by the predicted usage amount acquisition unit 215 is shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 8, the predicted usage (m ³ ) for each hour is shown. Note that the predicted usage amount may correspond to the season, date and time, day of the week, or the like. In addition, the life pattern of the home where the hot water heater / heater 10 is installed and the usage pattern of the company are stored in the memory 202, the storage device 203, etc., and the predicted usage amount acquisition unit 215 receives the pattern selection from the user. Also good.
The detected temperature acquisition unit 216 acquires the detected temperature measured by the temperature sensor 13.

  The optimum hot water temperature plan creating unit 221 creates an optimum hot water temperature plan according to the model stored in the model storage unit 251. The model storage unit 251 stores a model necessary for creating the optimum hot water temperature plan. The model storage unit 251 stores at least a model represented by the following formula.

t time (t = 0-24, Note start time 0 o'clock planned time shows. The end of 24:00 planned time) hot water temperature _t in the hot water storage heat _t at time t, hot water at time t _t And is represented by the following formula (1).
Hot water temperature _t = hot-water heat _t ÷ hot water _t ... (1)

In the present embodiment, the amount of hot water _t is assumed to be constant. The hot water temperature ₂₄ at the end of the planned time is a so-called boiling hot water temperature. Moreover, the hot water temperature model of this invention is represented by Formula (1).

hot water storage amount of heat _{t + 1} at t + 1 time, the hot water storage heat _t at time t, and hot water heat used during the period from time t to t + 1 time (using heat _t), the hot water storage vessel 11 during the period from time t to t + 1 point The amount of heat radiated from the heat (heat radiation amount _{t 1} ) is subtracted, and the amount of heat (water intake _{t 2} ) of water supplied from the time t to the time t + 1, and the amount of heating _t from the time t to the time t + 1, And is expressed by the following equation (2).
Hot water storage amount _{t + 1} = Hot water storage amount _t -Use heat amount _t -Heat release amount _t + Intake heat amount _t + Heating amount _t (2)
In addition, the hot water storage calorie | heat amount model of this invention is represented by Formula (2).

When the heater 12 is an electric heater, the heating amount _t is calculated by setting the rated output of the electric heater and 3600 at the time when the heater 12 is energized between time t and time t + 1 (energization time _{t 2} seconds). Multiplication, divided by 4.19, and multiplied by heating efficiency (η), and is expressed by the following equation (3).
Heating amount _t = Energizing time _t x Electric heater rated output x 3600 ÷ 4.19 x η (3)
When the heater 12 is a heat pump, the heating amount _t is the energization time _t multiplied by the rated output of the heat pump, COP, and 3600, divided by 4.19, and multiplied by the heating efficiency (η). Is expressed by the following equation (4).
Heating amount _t = Energizing time _t x Heat pump rated output x COP x 3600 ÷ 4.19 x η (4)
Here, COP = −a × (heating target temperature−outside air temperature (t)) + b

The use heat amount _t is obtained by multiplying the use amount _t of hot water from time t to time t + 1 by the hot water temperature _t at time _t , and is expressed by the following equation (5).
Use heat amount _t = Use amount _t × Bath temperature _t (5)
Heat radiation amount _t is the radiation coefficient of the hot water storage vessel 11 as a constant k, the value obtained by subtracting the outside air temperature _t at the time t from the hot water temperature _t at the time t, which multiplied by k and hot water _t, the following equation It is represented by (6).
Heat dissipation amount _t = k × (hot water temperature _t −outside temperature _t ) × hot water amount _t (6)
In addition, the heat dissipation amount model of this invention is represented by Formula (6).
The intake heat amount _t is obtained by multiplying the intake temperature _t corresponding to the time _t by the amount of water supplied to the hot water storage container 11 (intake amount _{t 2} ), and is expressed by the following equation (7).
Water intake amount of heat _t = Tosuion _t × water intake _t ... (7)
In this embodiment, since the hot water amount _t is constant, the water intake amount _t coincides with the usage amount _t .

In the above formulas (1) to (7), the hot water temperature _t and the heating amount _t are restricted. The hot water temperature _t is assumed to be between the lowest temperature and the highest temperature stored in the setting information storage unit 252 and is expressed by the following equation (8).
Minimum temperature ≤ hot water temperature _t ≤ maximum temperature (8)
In addition, since the energization time _t is 0 second or more and 3600 seconds or less, the restriction on the heating amount _t is expressed by the following expression (9) when the heater 12 is an electric heater, and when the heater 12 is a heat pump, the expression (10 ).
0 ≤ Heating amount _t ≤ Electric heater rated output x 3600 ÷ 4.19 x η (9)
0 ≤ Heating amount _t ≤ Heat pump rated output x COP x 3600 ÷ 4.19 x η (10)

Here, from equation (2),
Amount of heating _t = amount of stored hot water _{t + 1} −amount of stored hot water _t + amount of heat used _t + amount of heat released _t− amount of intake water _t (11)
, And the equation (1), the equation (5) and (6), the hot water storage amount of heat _{t + 1,} the hot-water heat quantity _t, using heat _t, and the heat radiation amount _t are each dependent on the hot water temperature _t, hot water t is hot water storage The capacity of the container 11 is constant, and the usage amount _t (and water intake amount t) and the outside air temperature _t are given as predicted values. Thus, although the energization time _t or YuAtsushi _t can be a variable, in this embodiment, the hot water temperature _t as a variable.

Therefore, the optimum hot water planning unit 221, by changing the water temperature _t, a simulation so as to satisfy the above equation (1) to (10), the combination of water temperature _t of the total of the heat radiation amount _t is minimum And the combination of the calculated hot water temperatures _t is registered in the optimal hot water temperature plan storage unit 253 as an optimal hot water temperature plan. The details of the process for creating the optimum hot water temperature plan by the optimum hot water temperature plan creating unit 221 will be described later.

  The optimum hot water temperature plan update unit 222 performs the simulation again according to the detected temperature at the current time point during operation of the hot water heater 10, and obtains the optimum hot water temperature plan stored in the optimum hot water temperature plan storage unit 253. Update. Details of the update process of the optimum hot water temperature plan by the optimum hot water temperature plan update unit 222 will be described later.

The heater controller 223 controls the heater 12 according to the optimum hot water temperature plan stored in the optimum hot water temperature plan storage unit 253. That is, by substituting the hot water temperature _{t 1} , the usage amount _{t 2} , and the outside air temperature _t into the above formula, the energization time _t is calculated, and control is performed so that the heater 12 is energized for the calculated energization time _t .

  Hereinafter, the process of creating and updating the optimum hot water temperature plan will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a flow of processing for creating an optimum hot water temperature plan.

== Optimal hot water temperature plan creation process ==
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 sets T as the maximum temperature stored in the setting information storage unit 252 (S501), and multiplies the heat dissipation coefficient k of the hot water storage container 11 by the maximum temperature and the capacity (hot water volume) of the hot water storage container 11. Set to H (S502).
Optimal temperature of hot water plan creating section 221, a ₀ hot water temperature in the 0 time point and T (S503), also hot water temperature ₂₄ That Wakiagari hot water temperature in the 24 time point is set as T (S504). In the present embodiment, since the hot water temperature ₂₄ is also the start time of the next planned time, it is assumed that the hot water temperature at the start time of the planned time matches the boiling hot water temperature, but at the 0th time point. a water temperature _0, hot water temperature ₂₄ in the 24 time point may not be matched.
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 changes the hot water temperature _t (t = 1 to 23), and the total of the heat radiation amount _t (t = 0 to 23) within the planned time (hereinafter referred to as the total heat radiation amount). A combination of hot water temperatures _t that minimizes the temperature is calculated (S505). The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 can reduce the processing load by calculating an optimum combination of hot water temperatures _t by dynamic programming.
When the total heat dissipation amount is smaller than H (S506: YES), the optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 sets the total heat dissipation amount to H (S507), and optimizes the combination of the hot water temperatures _t obtained in step S504. A hot water temperature plan is set (S508).
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 subtracts a predetermined change amount (step value) from T (S509). The step value may be a predetermined value such as 1 ° C. or 0.5 ° C., and may be stored in the setting information storage unit 252.
If T is equal to or higher than the minimum temperature (S510: NO), the optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 repeats the processing from step S503.
When T is below the minimum temperature (S510: YES), the optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 registers the optimum hot water temperature plan in the optimum hot water temperature plan storage unit 253 (S511).
An example of the optimum hot water temperature plan created by the optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 is shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 10, the optimum hot water temperature plan includes various values such as the amount of heat used and the amount of intake water in association with the hot water storage temperature at each time point.

As described above, the optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 has the same hot water temperature at the start time of the planned time and hot water temperature at the end time, and the hot water temperature _t at each time point t in the planned time is set in advance. Among the combinations of the hot water temperatures _t that are higher than the lowest temperature and lower than the highest temperature, a combination that minimizes the total heat radiation amount during the planning time can be determined as the optimal hot water temperature plan. Therefore, waste due to heat dissipation can be reduced, and the hot water heater 10 can be operated efficiently. Therefore, since the power consumption of the hot water heater 10 is reduced and the fuel consumption for the power generation of the electric power supplied to the hot water heater 10 can be suppressed, the carbon dioxide generated by the power company supplying the hot water heater 10 can be reduced. Emissions can be reduced.

  Moreover, the hot water storage water heater 10 of this embodiment pays attention to the heat radiation amount shown in Formula (6), and since the heat radiation amount increases as the difference between the hot water temperature and the outside air temperature increases, the outside air temperature is particularly low. In the season, it is effective to set the hot water temperature so as to minimize the heat radiation amount. In general, in the season when the outside air temperature is low, the boiling water temperature is set higher in consideration of heat radiation, and heating is often continued in an attempt to maintain the boiling water temperature. According to this, the heat release amount can be minimized on condition that the hot water storage temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined minimum temperature and has reached the boiling temperature at the final point of the planned time. Therefore, it is possible to effectively reduce power consumption compared to a general hot water heater / heater.

== Update process of optimum hot water temperature plan ==
The heater control unit 223 controls the energization time of the heater 12 according to the optimum hot water temperature plan determined as described above. During the control by the heater control unit 223, the optimum hot water temperature plan update unit 222 performs an update process of the optimum hot water temperature plan according to the current hot water storage temperature at every predetermined time (for example, every unit time is completed). .

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a flow of update processing of the optimum hot water temperature plan.
The optimum hot water temperature plan updating unit 222 sets the start time of the unit time to which the current time belongs to t1 (S521), and sets the next time after t1 to t2 (S522). The optimum hot water temperature plan updating unit 222 reads the hot water temperature _t (t = t1 to 24) from the time point t1 to the 24th time point from the optimum hot water temperature plan storage unit 253 (S523).
The detected temperature acquisition unit 216 acquires the detected temperature measured by the temperature sensor 13 (S524), and the optimum hot water temperature plan update unit 222 sets the hot water temperature _t1 at the time _t1 as the detected temperature (S525).
Optimal temperature of hot water schedule update unit 222, from the time t2 by changing the hot water temperature _{t (t} = _t2~23) up to the 23 point, the heat radiation amount total is minimized such YuAtsushi _t (t = tl to 24) is calculated (S523). Here again, the optimum hot water temperature plan updating unit 222 can reduce the processing load by calculating the optimum combination using dynamic programming.
The optimum hot water temperature plan updating unit 222 updates the optimum hot water temperature plan storage unit 253 with the calculated hot water temperature _t (t = t1 to 24) (S524).

  As described above, the optimum hot water temperature plan updating unit 222 performs the optimum hot water temperature plan so that the total heat radiation amount is minimized from the current hot water temperature toward the boiling hot water temperature calculated by the optimum hot water temperature plan creating unit 221. Can be corrected. As a result, it is possible to appropriately correct errors such as more hot water used than planned or the outside air temperature lower than the forecast.

  In this embodiment, the hot water temperature is determined so as to minimize the amount of heat released, that is, the amount of heat related to heat dissipation. However, instead of the amount of heat released, the power charge related to heat dissipation, that is, the amount of loss is minimized. Thus, the hot water temperature may be determined. In this case, it is possible to minimize the financial waste by converting the power consumed wastefully by the heat radiation into an amount of money.

Further, the hot water temperature may be calculated so that the power charge for heating is minimized instead of the heat radiation amount. In this case, the power rate at time t is obtained by dividing the value obtained by multiplying the heating amount _t from time t to time t + 1 by 4.19 by 3600 and the power price t in the time zone to which time t belongs. And is represented by the following equation.
Electricity charge = heating amount _t x 4.19 ÷ 3600 x electricity price _t

The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit 221 determines, as the optimum hot water temperature plan, the combination of hot water temperatures _t that minimizes the power charge in the process of FIG. Thereby, the electric power charge concerning operation | use of the hot water storage water heater 10 can be minimized.

  Furthermore, the hot water temperature may be determined so that the total value of the heat dissipation amount and the heating amount is minimized. In this case, it is possible to create an optimum hot water temperature plan so as to prevent waste due to heat dissipation and prevent wasteful heating. In addition, even if the optimal hot water temperature plan that minimizes the electricity rate is created as described above with the electric power price at each time point constant, the hot water is set so that the total value of the heat radiation amount and the heating amount is minimized. The temperature can be determined.

  Although the present embodiment has been described above, the above embodiment is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the hot water storage temperature control device 20 is integrated with the hot water storage water heater 10, but may be installed as a separate device from the hot water storage water heater 10.

In the present embodiment, the optimum hot water temperature plan is created by changing the hot water temperature _t . However, the optimum hot water temperature plan is created by changing the energization time _t from the time _t to the time _t + 1. Also good.

  In the present embodiment, the power rate is calculated based on the amount of heating, but may be calculated based on the time zone and the energization time. In this case, if the heater 12 is a heat pump, the COP changes due to a change in the outside air temperature. Therefore, the power rate can be calculated in consideration of the change in the COP corresponding to the air temperature. That is, it is possible to predict a power rate with higher accuracy. Therefore, the power charge can be further reduced.

It is a figure which shows the structural example of the hot water storage water heater. It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the hot water storage temperature control apparatus. It is a figure which shows the software structure of the hot water storage temperature control apparatus. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of setting information acquired by a setting information acquisition unit 211 and registered in a setting information storage unit 252. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the electric power price which the electric power price acquisition part 212 acquires. It is a figure which shows an example of the estimated temperature which the estimated temperature acquisition part 213 acquires. It is a figure which shows an example of the estimated intake water temperature which the estimated intake water temperature acquisition part 214 acquires. It is a figure which shows an example of the prediction usage which the prediction usage acquisition part 215 acquires. It is a figure which shows the flow of the preparation process of an optimal hot water temperature plan. It is a figure which shows an example of the optimal hot water temperature plan which the optimal hot water temperature plan preparation part 221 produces. It is a figure which shows the flow of the update process of an optimal hot water temperature plan.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hot water storage water heater 11 Hot water storage container 12 Heater 13 Temperature sensor 14 Water supply pipe 15 Hot water discharge pipe 20 Hot water storage temperature control apparatus 30 Communication line 40 Information provision apparatus 201 CPU
202 Memory 203 Storage Device 204 Communication Interface 205 Control Interface 206 Control Interface 211 Setting Information Acquisition Unit 212 Electricity Price Acquisition Unit 213 Predicted Air Temperature Acquisition Unit 214 Predicted Water Intake Temperature Acquisition Unit 215 Predicted Water Use Acquisition Unit 216 Detection Temperature Acquisition Unit 221 Optimal Hot Water Temperature Plan creation unit 222 Optimal hot water temperature plan update unit 223 Heater control unit 251 Model storage unit 252 Setting information storage unit 253 Optimal hot water temperature plan storage unit

Claims (10)

A hot water storage temperature control device for controlling a hot water storage temperature in the hot water storage container in a hot water storage water heater comprising a hot water storage container for storing hot water and a heating means for heating the hot water stored in the hot water storage container,
A hot water temperature model for calculating the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage container based on the hot water storage temperature of the hot water storage container, the hot water temperature per unit time, the temperature of the location where the hot water heater is installed, and A heat release model for calculating a heat release amount of the hot water storage container in the unit time based on a heat release coefficient related to the hot water storage container, a heat storage heat amount in the hot water storage container in the unit time, and used in the unit time. The unit time based on the amount of heat used, which is the amount of heat of hot water, the amount of heat released in the unit time, the amount of heating in the unit time, and the amount of intake water, which is the amount of hot water supplied to the hot water storage container in the unit time. A model storage unit for storing a hot water storage heat amount model for calculating the hot water storage heat amount in the next unit time;
A predicted temperature acquisition unit that acquires a predicted value of temperature for each unit time within a predetermined planned time;
A predicted usage amount obtaining unit for obtaining a predicted value of the usage amount of hot water for each unit time; and
Assuming a plurality of hot water temperatures for each unit time, the assumed hot water temperature, the predicted value of the air temperature, and the predicted value of the usage amount are converted into the hot water temperature model, the heat dissipation model, and the hot water storage heat amount model. An optimal hot water temperature plan creation unit that creates an optimal hot water temperature plan that is a combination of optimal hot water temperatures,
A control unit for controlling the heating means so that the hot water storage temperature of each unit time becomes a hot water temperature included in the optimum hot water temperature plan;
A hot water storage temperature control device comprising: The hot water storage temperature control device according to claim 1,
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit sets the optimum hot water temperature plan to be the one that minimizes the total value of the heat dissipation amount for each unit time among the assumed hot water temperature combinations,
Hot water storage temperature control device. The hot water storage temperature control device according to claim 1,
The model storage unit further stores a heating amount model for calculating a heating amount in the unit time based on an energizing time for the heating unit and a rated output of the heating unit,
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit is a combination of the assumed hot water temperatures, in which the total value of the values obtained by adding the heating amount in each unit time and the heat radiation amount for each unit time is minimized. The optimum hot water temperature plan,
Hot water storage temperature control device. The hot water storage temperature control device according to claim 1,
A power price information storage unit that stores power price information that is information for calculating a power rate based on the heating amount for each time zone,
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit calculates the power rate based on the power price information corresponding to the time zone to which the unit time belongs and the heating amount for each unit time, and made the assumption Of the combinations of hot water temperature, the one that minimizes the electricity charge is the optimum hot water temperature plan,
Hot water storage temperature control device. The hot water storage temperature control device according to claim 4,
The heating means is a heat pump;
The model storage unit further includes:
A COP model for calculating a COP indicating the efficiency of the heat pump based on a difference between a heating target temperature of hot water and the air temperature;
A heating amount model for calculating a heating amount in the unit time based on the energizing time for the heating unit, the rated output of the heating unit, and the COP;
Remember
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit calculates the COP by applying the assumed hot water temperature as the heating target temperature to the COP model together with the predicted value of the air temperature for each unit time, and calculates the COP and the heating temperature. Applying an amount to the heating amount model to calculate the energization time, and calculating the power rate based on the energization time and the power price information,
Hot water storage temperature control device. The hot water storage temperature control device according to claim 1,
A power price information storage unit that stores power price information that is information for calculating a power rate based on the heat dissipation amount for each time zone,
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit calculates, for each unit time, a loss amount that is the power rate based on the power price information corresponding to the time zone to which the unit time belongs and the heat radiation amount. In the assumed hot water temperature combination, the optimal hot water temperature plan is the one with the smallest loss amount,
Hot water storage temperature control device. The hot water storage temperature control device according to claim 1,
A setting information storage unit for storing the minimum temperature and the maximum temperature of the hot water storage temperature of the hot water storage container;
The optimum hot water temperature plan creation unit is an optimal one of the combinations of hot water temperatures assumed for each unit time, wherein all the hot water temperatures are equal to or higher than the lowest temperature and lower than or equal to the highest temperature. To be the optimum hot water temperature plan,
Hot water storage temperature control device. A hot water heater,
A hot water storage container for storing hot water,
Heating means for heating hot water stored in the hot water storage container;
A hot water temperature model for calculating the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage container based on the hot water storage temperature of the hot water storage container, the hot water temperature per unit time, the temperature of the location where the hot water heater is installed, and A heat release model for calculating a heat release amount of the hot water storage container in the unit time based on a heat release coefficient related to the hot water storage container, a heat storage heat amount in the hot water storage container in the unit time, and used in the unit time. The unit time based on the amount of heat used, which is the amount of heat of hot water, the amount of heat released in the unit time, the amount of heating in the unit time, and the amount of intake water, which is the amount of hot water supplied to the hot water storage container in the unit time. A model storage unit for storing a hot water storage heat amount model for calculating the hot water storage heat amount in the next unit time of
A predicted temperature acquisition unit that acquires a predicted value of temperature for each unit time within a predetermined planned time;
A predicted usage amount obtaining unit for obtaining a predicted value of the usage amount of hot water for each unit time; and
Assuming a plurality of hot water temperatures for each unit time, the assumed hot water temperature, the predicted value of the air temperature, and the predicted value of the usage amount are converted into the hot water temperature model, the heat dissipation model, and the hot water storage heat amount model. An optimal hot water temperature plan creation unit that creates an optimal hot water temperature plan that is a combination of optimal hot water temperatures,
A control unit for controlling the heating means so that the hot water storage temperature of each unit time becomes a hot water temperature included in the optimum hot water temperature plan;
A hot water storage water heater characterized by comprising. A method for controlling the hot water temperature in the hot water storage container in a hot water storage water heater comprising a hot water storage container for storing hot water and a heating means for heating the hot water stored in the hot water storage container,
A hot water temperature model for calculating the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage container based on the hot water storage temperature of the hot water storage container, the hot water temperature per unit time, the temperature of the location where the hot water heater is installed, and A heat release model for calculating a heat release amount of the hot water storage container in the unit time based on a heat release coefficient related to the hot water storage container, a heat storage heat amount in the hot water storage container in the unit time, and used in the unit time. The unit time based on the amount of heat used, which is the amount of heat of hot water, the amount of heat released in the unit time, the amount of heating in the unit time, and the amount of intake water, which is the amount of hot water supplied to the hot water storage container in the unit time. A computer comprising storage means for storing a hot water storage heat amount model for calculating a hot water storage heat amount in the next unit time of
Get the predicted value of air temperature per unit time within a predetermined plan time,
Obtain a predicted value of hot water usage per unit time,
Assuming a plurality of hot water temperatures for each unit time, the assumed hot water temperature, the predicted value of the air temperature, and the predicted value of the usage amount are converted into the hot water temperature model, the heat dissipation model, and the hot water storage heat amount model. To create an optimal hot water temperature plan that is a combination of optimal hot water temperatures,
Controlling the heating means so that the hot water storage temperature of each unit time is the hot water temperature included in the optimum hot water temperature plan;
A hot water storage temperature control method. A program for controlling the hot water storage temperature in the hot water storage container in a hot water storage water heater comprising a hot water storage container for storing hot water and a heating means for heating the hot water stored in the hot water storage container,
A hot water temperature model for calculating the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage container based on the hot water storage temperature of the hot water storage container, the hot water temperature per unit time, the temperature of the location where the hot water heater is installed, and A heat release model for calculating a heat release amount of the hot water storage container in the unit time based on a heat release coefficient related to the hot water storage container, a heat storage heat amount in the hot water storage container in the unit time, and used in the unit time. The unit time based on the amount of heat used, which is the amount of heat of hot water, the amount of heat released in the unit time, the amount of heating in the unit time, and the amount of intake water, which is the amount of hot water supplied to the hot water storage container in the unit time. A computer having storage means for storing a hot water storage heat amount model for calculating the hot water storage heat amount in the next unit time of
Obtaining a predicted temperature value per unit time within a predetermined planned time;
Obtaining a predicted value of the amount of hot water used per unit time;
Assuming a plurality of hot water temperatures for each unit time, the assumed hot water temperature, the predicted value of the air temperature, and the predicted value of the usage amount are converted into the hot water temperature model, the heat dissipation model, and the hot water storage heat amount model. To create an optimum hot water temperature plan that is a combination of optimum hot water temperatures,
Controlling the heating means such that the hot water storage temperature of each unit time is the hot water temperature included in the optimum hot water temperature plan;
A program for running

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