JP2009244237A - Abrasion testing method and abrasion testing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an abrasion testing method and abrasion testing apparatus for accurately evaluating the abrasion characteristic of an actual material by testing the abrasion of a specimen in a state close to an actual abrasion state. <P>SOLUTION: Sand mixing pressure water is injected to the specimen W for a predetermined time while the specimen W is rotated, and then the abrasion degree of the specimen W is determined. This abrasion testing apparatus includes a rotating drum (rotator) 6 that is attached with the specimen W and is rotated, a motor (driving means) 8 for rotating and driving the rotating drum 6, a high pressure pump P3 that is attached to the rotating drum 6 and injects the sand mixing pressure water toward the specimen W rotating with the rotating drum 6, a high pressure water pipe 15, and an injection nozzle 9 (injecting means). The sand mixing pressure water having been injected to the specimen W is collected and reused. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wear test method and a wear test apparatus for determining the degree of wear of a material constituting a casing of a water utilization structure as a test body.

  For example, the surface of a material such as a concrete plate constituting a casing of a water conserving structure such as a water channel is worn with the passage of time due to water flow, and unevenness is generated on the surface, resulting in a decrease in water flow performance. It is desired to predict the deterioration of the water flow performance of the irrigation structure due to the wear of the material and to grasp the service life of the irrigation structure in advance. For this reason, the abrasion test of the material which comprises the casing of a water use structure is performed conventionally.

  In the conventional abrasion test, the specimen is worn by pressing a polishing material such as sandpaper or a grindstone, which is harder than this, against friction, and measuring the decrease in the mass of the specimen. Determining the degree (see Patent Document 1), determining the degree of wear of the specimen by injecting solid material onto the fixed specimen with compressed air and measuring the decrease in the mass of the specimen Is known (see Patent Document 2).

  However, in the above wear test, a method of promoting the wear of the test body with an abrasive that is harder than the test body is employed, so that wear occurs evenly regardless of the material of the test body, and the actual water channel or the like There has been a problem that the deterioration phenomenon that appears as the unevenness of the material actually generated in the irrigation structure cannot be faithfully reproduced by the wear test.

Therefore, in Patent Document 3, a test body is mounted on a rotating means, and while rotating the rotating means by a driving means, a water flow is injected onto the test body by a water injection means, and the wear of the test body is promoted by the water flow. There have been proposed a wear test method and a wear test apparatus that reproduce the wear state of the lever.
JP-A-8-145866 JP 2000-171371 A JP 2005-283416 A

  However, in practice, pure water does not always flow through water structures such as waterways, and foreign materials such as sand and dust are often mixed in the flowing water. The cause was sand flowing in the running water.

  Therefore, when the water flow is jetted onto the specimen as in the wear test proposed in Patent Document 3, the actual wear state of the material cannot be reproduced, and the obtained wear test result accurately represents the actual wear state. There was a possibility that it was not shown.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to accurately evaluate the wear characteristics of the actual material by testing the wear of the test specimen in a state close to the actual wear state. An object of the present invention is to provide a wear test method and a wear test apparatus that can be used.

  In order to achieve the above object, the wear test method according to claim 1 is to determine the degree of wear of the specimen after injecting the pressure water mixed with sand into the specimen for a predetermined time while rotating the specimen. Features.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, in which a plurality of test bodies of different materials are simultaneously rotated while jetting sand-mixed pressure water into these test bodies for the same time, and then these test bodies. It is characterized by comparing and judging the degree of wear.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the sand-containing pressure water sprayed on the test body is recovered and reused.

  The wear test apparatus according to claim 4 is directed to a rotating body that rotates by attaching a test body, a driving unit that rotationally drives the rotating body, and the test body that is attached to the rotating body and rotates together with the rotating body. It is characterized by including an injection means for injecting sand-mixed pressure water.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, a closed loop for circulating the sand mixed pressure water is provided.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the separation means for collecting the sand-mixed water after being sprayed onto the test body by the spraying means and separating it into sand and water, and the separation means. Sand recovery means for recovering the separated sand, water recovery container for recovering water, pressure means for pressurizing the water recovered in the water recovery container, sand supplied from the sand recovery means, and the pressurization An injection nozzle for injecting sand-mixed pressure water obtained by mixing with pressurized water pressurized by the means toward the test body is provided in the closed loop.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 6, wherein a part of the water collected in the water collection container is extracted and pumped to the separation means to agitate the sand accumulated in the separation means. A stirring means is provided.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a water supply pipe and a drain pipe are connected to the water recovery container, and at least part of the water in the water recovery container is connected by the water supply pipe and the drain pipe. It is characterized by adjusting the water temperature by exchanging.

  According to the inventions of claims 1 and 4, since the sand mixed pressure water mixed with sand, which is the main factor for promoting the wear of the material, is jetted onto the test body, the degree of wear of the test body is determined. The wear of the specimen can be tested in a state close to the actual wear state, and the wear characteristics of the actual material can be accurately evaluated.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously perform a wear test on a plurality of specimens of different materials, and to compare and determine the degree of wear of a plurality of different specimens.

  According to the third, fifth and sixth aspects of the invention, the pressure water mixed with sand is circulated in a closed loop and reused, so that the amount of water and sand used can be minimized and the test cost can be kept low. Can do.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the sand collected in the separation means is stirred by extracting a part of the water collected in the water collection container and pumping it to the separation means. The clogging by the sand can be prevented, and the sand can be collected smoothly to the sand collecting means.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the water temperature gradually rises when a wear test for injecting sand-mixed pressure water onto the test body is performed over a long period of time, but the water supply pipe and the drain pipe connected to the water recovery container are connected to each other. By using at least a part of the water in the water recovery container, the water temperature can be kept almost constant, so it is possible to reproduce the actual wear conditions and accurately evaluate the wear characteristics of the actual material. can do.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a wear test apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing an internal structure of an injection nozzle portion of the wear test apparatus.

  In the wear test apparatus shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a water tank that is a water recovery container, and the inside thereof is partitioned into a chamber S <b> 1 and a chamber S <b> 2 by a separation wall 2. And the lower half part of the hopper type strainer 3 as a separating means is accommodated in the chamber S1 of the water tank 1, and the drain pipe 4 penetrates the bottom surface of the water tank 1 downward from the lower center of the hopper type strainer 3. The valve V <b> 1 is connected to the end of the drainage pipe 4. A water supply pipe 5 is connected to the upper part of the water tank 1, and this water supply pipe 5 opens to the upper part of the chamber S <b> 1 in the water tank 1.

  A rotating drum 6 as a rotating body is rotatably accommodated in the hopper type strainer 3, and a plurality of test bodies W such as concrete plates and plastic plates made of different materials are provided on the outer periphery of the rotating drum 6. It is attached. A horizontal rotating shaft 7 that supports the rotating drum 6 passes through the hopper type strainer 3 and protrudes to the outside thereof, and a motor 8 as a driving means is connected to an end portion thereof. The rotational speed of the motor 8 can be arbitrarily adjusted by an inverter or the like.

  An injection nozzle 9 is disposed above the rotating drum 6 inside the hopper type strainer 3, and the sand-mixed water as sand collecting means is provided outside the hopper type strainer 3 and above the injection nozzle 9. A charging hopper 10 is provided. An overflow water receiver 11 is provided around the sand-mixed water charging hopper 10, and an overflow pipe 12 extending vertically downward from the lower portion of the overflow water receiver 11 penetrates the upper wall of the hopper type strainer 3. The lower end thereof opens at the bottom of the hopper type strainer 3. A valve V2 is provided in the middle of the overflow pipe 12.

  By the way, a sand pump P1 is disposed at the bottom of the hopper type strainer 3, and a sand-mixed water pipe 13 extending from the discharge side of the sand pump P1 extends horizontally through the hopper type strainer 3 and the water tank 1. After that, it rises vertically and its end is connected to the upper part of the side wall of the sand-mixed water charging hopper 10, and a valve V3 is provided in the middle.

  On the other hand, a drain pipe 14 and a high-pressure water pipe 15 are connected to the upper and lower sides of the side wall of the water tank 1, respectively, and the drain pipe 14 and the high-pressure water pipe 15 open to a chamber S 2 in the water tank 1. Further, a stirring water pipe 16 is led out from the bottom wall on the chamber S2 side of the water tank 1, and this stirring water pipe 16 is connected to the drain pipe 4 extending from the lower part of the hopper type strainer 3. A pump P2 and a valve V4 are provided in the middle of the stirring water pipe 16.

  The high-pressure water pipe 15 extends horizontally from the water tank 1 and rises vertically. The end of the high-pressure water pipe 15 is connected to the injection nozzle 9, and a high-pressure pump P3 is provided in the middle. The high-pressure water pipe 15, the high-pressure pump P <b> 3, and the injection nozzle 9 constitute an injection unit.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the injection nozzle 9 has a double-pipe structure composed of an inner tube 9A and an outer tube 9B, and the inner tube 9A has a lower center of the sand-mixed water charging hopper 10. A sand-mixed water input pipe 17 extending vertically downward is connected. The high-pressure water pipe 15 is connected to the side of the outer tube 9B. A valve V5 is provided in the middle of the sand-mixed water input pipe 17.

  Next, a description will be given of a wear test method according to the present invention implemented using the wear test apparatus configured as described above.

  In the friction test method according to the present invention, the rotary drum 6 to which a plurality of test bodies W of different materials are attached is rotated by a motor 8 while the sand-mixed pressure water is sprayed on the test body W for a predetermined time. The degree of wear of the test body W is compared and determined, and the sand-containing pressure water sprayed on the test body W is recovered and reused.

  That is, while starting the motor 8 and rotating the rotary drum 6 at a predetermined rotational speed, the sand-mixed water charging hopper 10 supplies sand-mixed water from the sand-mixed water charging pipe 17 to the injection nozzle 9, and the high-pressure pump P3. Is driven to pressurize the water in the water tank 1 by the high pressure pump P3 to form high pressure water, and this high pressure water is supplied from the high pressure water pipe 15 to the injection nozzle 9. Then, in the injection nozzle 9, the sand mixed water flowing through the inner pipe 9A and the high pressure water injected from the high pressure water pipe 15 to the outer pipe 9B are mixed to obtain sand mixed pressure water. Injected onto a plurality of test bodies W rotating together with the rotating drum 6.

  The sand-mixed water after being sprayed from the spray nozzle 9 onto the plurality of test bodies W rotating with the rotating drum 6 as described above falls into the hopper type strainer 3 and is converted into sand and water by the hopper type strainer 3. The separated water is pressurized by the high-pressure pump P3 and supplied to the injection nozzle 9 through the high-pressure water pipe 15. The sand collected at the bottom of the hopper type strainer 3 is returned to the sand-mixed water charging hopper 10 through the sand-mixed water pipe 13 together with water.

  Thus, sand-mixed water is supplied from the sand-mixed water input hopper 10 to the spray nozzle 9 from the sand-mixed water input pipe 17 and high-pressure water is supplied from the high-pressure water pipe 15 to the spray nozzle 9 as described above. In the spray nozzle 9, the sand-mixed water flowing through the inner pipe 9A and the high-pressure water sprayed from the high-pressure water pipe 15 to the outer pipe 9B are mixed to obtain sand-mixed pressure water. Injected onto a plurality of test bodies W rotating together with the rotating drum 6.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the sand-mixed pressure water sprayed onto the test body W is collected and reused, and the sand-mixed pressure water is continuously applied to the plurality of test bodies W rotating together with the rotating drum 6. Is injected into. That is, in the present embodiment, the hopper type strainer 3 that collects the sand-mixed water after being sprayed on the test body W and separates it into sand and water, and the sand separated by the hopper type strainer 3 is collected. Sand pump P1 and sand-mixed water charging hopper 10, water tank 1 for collecting water, high-pressure pump P3 for pressurizing the water collected in the water tank 1, and injection nozzle for spraying sand-mixed pressure water toward the test body W 9 is provided in a closed loop, and the sand mixed pressure water sprayed on the test body W is recovered and reused.

  By the way, the sand-mixed water overflowed from the sand-mixed water input hopper 10 is received by the overflow water receiver 11, passes through the overflow pipe 12 and falls into the hopper type strainer 3 and is collected.

  Further, the pump P2 is driven, and a part of the water in the water tank 1 is jetted upward from the drain pipe 4 toward the bottom of the hopper type strainer 3 through the agitation water pipe 16, and the sand accumulated there is removed. Since the stirring prevents the hopper strainer 3 from being clogged with sand, the function of the hopper strainer 3 is prevented from being lowered. It is also possible to prevent clogging of the hopper type strainer 3 by sand by attaching a vibrator to the hopper type strainer 3 and applying vibration to the hopper type strainer 3 by this vibrator.

  As described above, each specimen W is sequentially worn by continuously injecting sand-mixed pressure water from the injection nozzle 9 onto the plurality of specimens W while circulating the sand-mixed water in the closed loop. After operating the test apparatus for a predetermined time, the operation of the wear test apparatus is stopped, and the degree of wear of the plurality of test bodies W attached to the outer periphery of the rotating drum 6 is compared and determined.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the pressure of water mixed with sand, which is the main factor for promoting the wear of the material, is sprayed onto the test body W to determine the degree of wear of the test body W. Therefore, the wear of the test body W can be tested in a state close to the actual wear state, and the wear characteristics of the actual material can be accurately evaluated. In particular, in the present embodiment, a wear test can be simultaneously performed on a plurality of test bodies W of different materials, and the degree of wear of a plurality of different test bodies W can be compared and determined.

  In the present embodiment, the pressure water mixed with sand is circulated in a closed loop and reused, so that the amount of water and sand used can be minimized and the test cost can be kept low.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, a part of the water collected in the water tank 1 is extracted and pumped to the bottom of the hopper type strainer 3 so that the sand accumulated at the bottom of the stopper type strainer 3 is stirred. Therefore, clogging of the stopper-type strainer 3 with sand can be prevented, and sand can be collected smoothly into the sand-mixed water input hopper 10.

  By the way, when a wear test in which sand mixed pressure water is sprayed onto the test body W is performed over a long period of time, the water temperature gradually rises. 14 is used to replace at least part of the water in the water tank 1, the water temperature can be kept substantially constant, so that it is possible to reproduce the wear conditions close to the actual, and the wear characteristics of the actual material Can be accurately evaluated.

1 is a basic configuration diagram of a wear test apparatus according to the present invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the internal structure of the injection nozzle part of the abrasion test apparatus which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 water tank (water recovery container)
2 Separation wall 3 Hopper type strainer (separation means)
4 Drain pipe 5 Water supply pipe 6 Rotating drum (Rotating body)
7 Rotating shaft of rotating drum 8 Motor (driving means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Injection nozzle 9A Inner pipe of injection nozzle 9B Outer pipe of injection nozzle 10 Sand mixing water injection hopper (sand collection means)
11 Overflow water receiver 12 Overflow pipe 13 Sand mixed water pipe 14 Drain pipe 15 High pressure water pipe 16 Stirred water pipe 17 Sand mixed water input pipe P1 Sand pump P2 pump P3 High pressure pump S1, S2 Chambers V1-V5 Valve W test body

Claims (8)

  A wear test method characterized in that the degree of wear of the test body is determined after spraying sand-mixed pressure water onto the test body for a predetermined time while rotating the test body.   2. A method of comparing and determining the degree of wear of these test specimens after injecting sand mixed pressure water onto these specimens for the same time while simultaneously rotating a plurality of specimen specimens of different materials. Wear test method.   The wear test method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sand mixed pressure water sprayed on the test body is recovered and reused.   A rotating body that rotates by attaching a test body, a driving means that rotationally drives the rotating body, and an injection means that injects sand-containing pressure water toward the test body that is attached to the rotating body and rotates together with the rotating body. A wear test apparatus characterized by comprising.   The wear test apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a closed loop for circulating the sand mixed pressure water.   Separating means for recovering sand-mixed water after being sprayed onto the test body by the spraying means and separating it into sand and water, sand collecting means for recovering sand separated by the separating means, and water for recovering water Sand collection obtained by mixing a recovery container, pressurizing means for pressurizing the water recovered in the water recovery container, sand supplied from the sand recovery means and pressurized water pressurized by the pressurizing means The wear test apparatus according to claim 5, wherein an injection nozzle for injecting pressure water toward the test body is provided in the closed loop.   The wear according to claim 6, further comprising a stirring means for stirring the sand accumulated in the separating means by extracting a part of the water collected in the water collecting container and pumping it to the separating means. Test equipment. The water temperature is adjusted by connecting a water supply pipe and a drain pipe to the water recovery container and exchanging at least a part of the water in the water recovery container by the water supply pipe and the drain pipe. The wear test apparatus described.

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