JP2018173314A - Method for testing sliding resistance of concrete, method for selecting fine aggregate, and method for manufacturing concrete - Google Patents
Method for testing sliding resistance of concrete, method for selecting fine aggregate, and method for manufacturing concrete Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、コンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法、細骨材の選定方法、及び、コンクリートの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for testing slip resistance of concrete, a method for selecting fine aggregates, and a method for producing concrete.
従来、コンクリート舗装が用いられているが、かかるコンクリート舗装では、施工直後に表面のすべり抵抗が高いことのみならず、長期使用後においてもすべり抵抗が低下せず、十分に高いことが望まれている。 Conventionally, concrete pavement has been used. In such concrete pavement, it is desired that not only the slip resistance of the surface is high immediately after construction, but also that the slip resistance does not decrease even after long-term use and is sufficiently high. Yes.
コンクリートのすべり抵抗を測定する方法としては、例えば、実際の自動車のタイヤと同じ大きさのタイヤを備えた回転ラベリング試験機を用い、コンクリート表面（舗装面）に対してタイヤによる摩耗作用を与えた後、振り子式スキッドレジスタンスによってすべり抵抗を測定する方法が提案されている（特許文献１、２参照）。 As a method for measuring the slip resistance of concrete, for example, a rotating labeling tester equipped with a tire of the same size as that of an actual automobile tire was used, and the wear action by the tire was given to the concrete surface (paved surface). Later, a method of measuring slip resistance by pendulum skid resistance has been proposed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
しかし、特許文献１に記載された方法では、通常の自動車タイヤと同じ大きさのタイヤを用いてコンクリートの表面を摩耗させているため、試験装置が大掛かりとなり、また、作業スペースも必要となるため、簡便とはいい難い。また、タイヤによって摩耗されるのに十分な大きさの供試体を製造する必要があるため、この点でも、簡便とはいい難い。 However, in the method described in Patent Document 1, since the surface of concrete is worn using a tire having the same size as that of a normal automobile tire, the test apparatus becomes large and a work space is also required. It is hard to say that it is convenient. In addition, since it is necessary to manufacture a specimen that is large enough to be worn by the tire, it is difficult to say that this is also convenient.
上記事情に鑑み、本発明は、コンクリートのすべり抵抗を簡便に測定することが可能なコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法、これを用いた細骨材の選定方法、及び、これを用いたコンクリートの製造方法を提供することを課題とする。 In view of the above circumstances, the present invention is a concrete slip resistance test method capable of easily measuring the slip resistance of concrete, a method for selecting fine aggregate using the same, and a method for producing concrete using the same. It is an issue to provide.
本発明に係るコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法は、
コンクリートのすべり抵抗を試験する方法であって、
セメントと、水と、細骨材とを混合し、硬化させて複数の供試硬化物を形成し、
形成された前記供試硬化物のうちの複数を擦り磨き、
擦り磨いた後に、擦り磨かれた前記供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定する方法である。
The slip resistance test method for concrete according to the present invention is as follows:
A method for testing slip resistance of concrete,
Cement, water, and fine aggregate are mixed and hardened to form multiple test hardened products,
Scrub a plurality of the test cured products formed,
After scrubbing, the test cured products that have been polished are arranged in a plane and the sliding resistance of the surface of the test cured products arranged is measured.
かかる構成によれば、セメントと水と細骨材とを混合し、硬化させて、互いに同じ組成の複数の供試硬化物を形成し、形成された供試硬化物のうちの複数を擦り磨いた後、擦り磨かれた供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定することができる。
このように、複数の供試硬化物を形成することによって、一体の比較的大きな供試硬化物を形成しなくても済むため、その分、簡便となる。
また、供試硬化物を擦り磨くことによって、コンクリートと共に細骨材が除去されることになるが、このように細骨材が除去された状態ですべり抵抗を測定することによって、コンクリートが車両等の重量物が通過することによって得られる表面状態を疑似的に再現し、そのうえで、すべり抵抗を測定することができるため、より適切に実状に近いすべり抵抗を測定することが可能となる。
従って、コンクリートのすべり抵抗を簡便に測定することが可能となる。
According to such a configuration, cement, water, and fine aggregate are mixed and cured to form a plurality of test cured products having the same composition, and a plurality of the formed test cured products are rubbed. After that, the rubbed specimen cured products can be arranged in a plane and the sliding resistance of the surfaces of the arranged specimen cured products can be measured.
In this manner, by forming a plurality of test cured products, it is not necessary to form an integral relatively large test cured product, and therefore, it becomes simpler.
In addition, the fine aggregate is removed together with the concrete by rubbing the test hardened material. By measuring the sliding resistance in the state where the fine aggregate is removed in this way, the concrete is removed from the vehicle. Since the surface state obtained by passing the heavy object can be reproduced in a pseudo manner, and the slip resistance can be measured after that, the slip resistance close to the actual state can be measured more appropriately.
Therefore, it is possible to easily measure the slip resistance of concrete.
上記構成のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法においては、
さらに、擦り磨く前に、前記供試硬化物のうちの擦り磨かれていない複数の前記供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定し、
擦り磨き前後での前記すべり抵抗の測定結果を比較してもよい。
In the slip resistance test method for concrete having the above structure,
Further, before scrubbing, a plurality of the test cured products that are not rubbed out of the test cured products are arranged in a plane, and the sliding resistance of the surfaces of the arranged test cured products is measured,
You may compare the measurement result of the said sliding resistance before and behind abrasion.
かかる構成によれば、擦り磨き前後でのすべり抵抗の測定結果を比較することによって、より適切にコンクリートのすべり抵抗を評価することが可能となる。 According to such a configuration, it is possible to more appropriately evaluate the slip resistance of the concrete by comparing the measurement results of the slip resistance before and after polishing.
本発明に係る細骨材の選定方法は、
セメントと、水と、細骨材とを混合して作製されるコンクリートの製造に用いられる細骨材の選定方法であって、
前記セメントと、前記水と、前記細骨材とを用いて前記コンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法を行うことによって、前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定し、
測定されたすべり抵抗が基準値よりも高いとき、前記供試硬化物に用いた細骨材を、前記コンクリートの製造に用いられる細骨材として選定する方法である。
The method for selecting a fine aggregate according to the present invention is as follows.
A method for selecting fine aggregate used in the production of concrete produced by mixing cement, water, and fine aggregate,
By performing the slip resistance test method of the concrete using the cement, the water, and the fine aggregate, to measure the slip resistance of the surface of the test cured product,
When the measured slip resistance is higher than a reference value, the fine aggregate used in the test hardened material is selected as the fine aggregate used in the production of the concrete.
ここで、前述した特許文献１に示すような方法ですべり抵抗を評価すると、粗骨材の影響を大きく受ける可能性があり、細骨材を適切に評価できるとはいい難い。よって、細骨材を適切に評価する方法が望まれている。
この点につき、かかる構成によれば、上記したすべり抵抗試験方法によって供試硬化物のすべり抵抗を測定し、測定されたすべり抵抗が基準値よりも高いとき、その供試硬化物に用いた細骨材を、コンクリートの製造に用いられる細骨材として適切に選定することが可能となる。
これによれば、すべり抵抗を十分に発揮させ得る細骨材を適切に選定することが可能となる。
Here, when the slip resistance is evaluated by the method shown in Patent Document 1 described above, there is a possibility that the influence of the coarse aggregate is greatly affected, and it is difficult to appropriately evaluate the fine aggregate. Therefore, a method for appropriately evaluating fine aggregates is desired.
With regard to this point, according to this configuration, when the slip resistance of the test cured product is measured by the above-described slip resistance test method and the measured slip resistance is higher than the reference value, the fine resistance used for the test cured product is measured. Aggregates can be appropriately selected as fine aggregates used in the production of concrete.
According to this, it becomes possible to select appropriately the fine aggregate which can fully exhibit slip resistance.
本発明に係るコンクリートの製造方法は、
コンクリートの製造方法であって、
前記細骨材の選定方法を行って選定された細骨材と、セメントと、水と、粗骨材とを用いてコンクリートを製造する方法である。
The method for producing concrete according to the present invention includes:
A method for producing concrete,
This is a method for producing concrete using a fine aggregate selected by performing the fine aggregate selection method, cement, water, and coarse aggregate.
かかる構成によれば、上記細骨材の選定方法で選定された細骨材を用いてコンクリートを製造することが可能となる。
これによって、得られるコンクリートがすべり抵抗を十分に発揮し得るものとなる。
According to this structure, it becomes possible to manufacture concrete using the fine aggregate selected by the fine aggregate selection method.
As a result, the obtained concrete can sufficiently exhibit slip resistance.
本発明によれば、コンクリートのすべり抵抗を簡便に測定することが可能なコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法、これを用いた細骨材の選定方法、及び、これを用いたコンクリートの製造方法が提供される。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the slip resistance test method of concrete which can measure the slip resistance of concrete simply, the selection method of the fine aggregate using this, and the manufacturing method of concrete using this are provided. The
以下、本発明のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法、細骨材の選定方法、及び、コンクリートの製造方法の実施形態について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of a concrete slip resistance test method, a fine aggregate selection method, and a concrete production method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
本実施形態のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法は、
コンクリートのすべり抵抗を試験する方法であって、
セメントと、水と、細骨材とを混合し、硬化させて複数の供試硬化物を形成し、
形成された前記供試硬化物のうちの複数を擦り磨き、
擦り磨いた後に、擦り磨かれた前記供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定する方法である。
The concrete slip resistance test method of this embodiment is as follows.
A method for testing slip resistance of concrete,
Cement, water, and fine aggregate are mixed and hardened to form multiple test hardened products,
Scrub a plurality of the test cured products formed,
After scrubbing, the test cured products that have been polished are arranged in a plane and the sliding resistance of the surface of the test cured products arranged is measured.
前記セメントとしては、従来公知のセメントが挙げられる。かかるセメントとしては、例えば、ＪＩＳ Ｒ ５２１０（２００９）に記載のポルトランドセメントが挙げられる。また、セメントの種類は、適宜選択すればよく、特に限定されるものではない。 A conventionally well-known cement is mentioned as said cement. Examples of such cement include Portland cement described in JIS R 5210 (2009). Moreover, the kind of cement should just be selected suitably and is not specifically limited.
前記細骨材は、ＪＩＳ Ａ ０２０３（２０１４）に規定の、１０ｍｍ網ふるいを全部通過し、５ｍｍ網ふるいを質量で８５質量％以上通過する骨材である。
かかる細骨材としては、従来公知の、コンクリートに使用される細骨材が挙げられる。かかる細骨材としては、例えば、ＪＩＳ Ａ ５００５（２００９）コンクリート用砕石及び砕砂、ＪＩＳ Ａ ５３０８（２０１４）の附属書Ａレディーミクストコンクリート用骨材、ＪＩＳ Ａ ５０１１（−１（２０１３）、−２（２０１６）、−３（２０１６）、−４（２０１３））コンクリート用スラグ骨材に記載される細骨材が挙げられる。
The fine aggregate is an aggregate that passes through all of the 10 mm screen sieve specified in JIS A 0203 (2014) and passes through the 5 mm screen screen by 85 mass% or more.
Examples of such fine aggregate include conventionally known fine aggregates used in concrete. Examples of such fine aggregate include JIS A 5005 (2009) crushed stone and sand for concrete, JIS A 5308 (2014), Annex A ready-mixed concrete aggregate, JIS A 5011 (-1 (2013), -2 (2016), -3 (2016), -4 (2013)) The fine aggregate described in the slag aggregate for concrete is mentioned.
前記コンクリートは、セメント、細骨材及び水に加えて、粗骨材を混合して硬化させることによって得られるものであれば、特に限定されない。
かかるコンクリートは、セメント、細骨材、粗骨材、及び水の他、混和材、混和剤等をさらに混合し、硬化させることによって得られるものであってもよい。
The concrete is not particularly limited as long as it is obtained by mixing and hardening coarse aggregate in addition to cement, fine aggregate and water.
Such concrete may be obtained by further mixing and hardening cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water, as well as an admixture, an admixture, and the like.
前記粗骨材としては、前述したＪＩＳ Ａ ５００５、ＪＩＳ Ａ ５０１１、ＪＩＳ Ａ ５３０８の附属書Ａ、及び、ＪＩＳ Ａ ５０２１（２０１６）コンクリート用再生骨材Ｈに記載される粗骨材が挙げられる。
前記粗骨材としては、従来公知の、コンクリートに使用される粗骨材が挙げられる。かかる粗骨材としては、例えば、道路用砕石の７号〜３号砕石が挙げられる。
Examples of the coarse aggregate include the coarse aggregates described in Appendix A of JIS A 5005, JIS A 5011, and JIS A 5308 and JIS A 5021 (2016) recycled aggregate H for concrete.
Examples of the coarse aggregate include conventionally known coarse aggregates used in concrete. Examples of the coarse aggregate include No. 7 to No. 3 crushed stones for roads.
本実施形態のすべり抵抗試験方法においては、上記コンクリートの成分のうち、セメント、水、及び細骨材を用いる。セメント、水、及び細骨材の配合量は、特に限定されるものではなく、コンクリートが形成される際に用いられる配合量に適宜設定し得る。
具体的には、例えば、セメント及び水の配合量は、水セメント比（Ｗ／Ｃ、質量比）が１０〜６５％となるように設定し得る。
細骨材の配合量は、セメントと細骨材との質量比（Ｃ：Ｓ）が、１：０〜１：４となるように設定し得る。
本実施形態のすべり抵抗試験方法においては、セメント、細骨材、水に加えて、さらに粗骨材を配合してもよく、この場合には、粗骨材の配合量は、コンクリート１ｍ３当たり５００〜２０００ｋｇとなるように設定し得る。
In the slip resistance test method of the present embodiment, cement, water, and fine aggregate are used among the components of the concrete. The blending amounts of cement, water, and fine aggregate are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set to blending amounts used when concrete is formed.
Specifically, for example, the blending amount of cement and water can be set so that the water cement ratio (W / C, mass ratio) is 10 to 65%.
The blending amount of the fine aggregate can be set so that the mass ratio (C: S) between the cement and the fine aggregate is 1: 0 to 1: 4.
In the slip resistance test method of this embodiment, in addition to cement, fine aggregate, and water, coarse aggregate may be further blended. In this case, the blend amount of the coarse aggregate is 1 m 3 of concrete. It can be set to be 500 to 2000 kg.
本実施形態のすべり抵抗試験方法では、上記コンクリートの成分のうち、セメントと、水と、細骨材とを混合し、硬化させて複数の供試硬化物を形成する。
具体的には、例えば、セメントと、水と、細骨材とを混合して混合物を作製し、該混合物を、複数の区画に仕切られた型枠に打設し、小分けして硬化させて、前記混合物が分けられてなる複数の供試硬化物を形成する。形成する供試硬化物の数量は、特に限定されず、適宜設定し得る。
型枠としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、１５ｍｍ×１５ｍｍ×１５ｍｍ程度の角状の凹部が１３列×６行程度並べられた樹脂製の型枠等を採用し得る。また、前記型枠を用いて形成される供試硬化物の数量は、後述する振り子式スキッドレジスタンステスタを実施できる最小面積が得られるように設定されればよい。かかる観点を考慮すれば、例えば、１５ｍｍ×１５ｍｍ×１５ｍｍ程度の供試硬化物を用いる場合には、その数量を、５４個以上に設定し得る。
このようにして、同じ組成を有し、互いに同じ大きさの複数の供試硬化物が得られる。
In the slip resistance test method of this embodiment, among the components of the concrete, cement, water, and fine aggregate are mixed and cured to form a plurality of test hardened products.
Specifically, for example, a mixture is prepared by mixing cement, water, and fine aggregate, and the mixture is placed in a mold partitioned into a plurality of sections, and is subdivided and cured. A plurality of test cured products are formed by dividing the mixture. The quantity of test hardened | cured material to form is not specifically limited, It can set suitably.
Although it does not specifically limit as a formwork, For example, the resin-made formwork etc. by which the square-shaped recessed part about 15 mm x 15 mm x 15 mm was arranged about 13 rows x 6 rows can be employ | adopted. Moreover, the quantity of the test hardened | cured material formed using the said mold form should just be set so that the minimum area which can implement the pendulum type skid resistance tester mentioned later is obtained. Considering this viewpoint, for example, in the case of using a test cured product of about 15 mm × 15 mm × 15 mm, the number thereof can be set to 54 or more.
In this way, a plurality of test cured products having the same composition and the same size are obtained.
本実施形態では、形成された前記複数の供試硬化物のうちの複数を擦り磨く。
具体的には、例えば、複数の供試硬化物を収容可能な収容部と、該収容部を密閉する蓋部とを備え、収容部に供試硬化物を収容しつつ回転させることによって、供試硬化物の表面を擦り磨く。かかる擦り磨きに用いる機器としては、例えば、図１に示すような、複数の供試硬化物を収容して密封する収容部を備え、回転することによって、収容部に収容された複数の供試硬化物を擦り磨くように構成された擦り磨き装置等が挙げられる。かかる擦り磨き装置としては、例えば、ポットミル等が挙げられる。
擦り磨きは、例えば、擦り磨き装置の収容部内に複数の供試硬化物を収容し、収容部を３５０ｒｐｍで４時間回転させることによって行い得る。なお、擦り磨きの際には、促進研磨として、収容部に研磨剤、鋼球、ゴム球等を投入しても良い。
In the present embodiment, a plurality of the plurality of test cured products formed is rubbed.
Specifically, for example, a storage unit that can store a plurality of test cured products and a lid that seals the storage unit are provided, and the test unit is rotated while storing the test cured products in the storage unit. Scour the surface of the test cured product. As an apparatus used for such abrasion, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of specimens contained in the accommodation part are provided by being provided with an accommodation part that accommodates and seals a plurality of test cured products and is rotated. Examples thereof include a scouring apparatus configured to scour the cured product. An example of such an abrasion device is a pot mill.
Scouring can be performed, for example, by housing a plurality of test cured products in the housing portion of the polishing apparatus and rotating the housing portion at 350 rpm for 4 hours. In the case of rubbing, an abrasive, a steel ball, a rubber ball, or the like may be put into the housing portion as accelerated polishing.
本実施形態では、上記のように複数の供試硬化物を擦り磨いた後に、擦り磨かれた複数の供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定する。擦り磨かれた複数の供試硬化物は、例えば、上面が面一になるように、且つ、互いが接触するように並べられ、並べられた上面（表面）のすべり抵抗が測定される。 In this embodiment, after scrubbing a plurality of test cured products as described above, the plurality of test cured products that have been rubbed are arranged in a plane, and the slip resistance of the surfaces of the arranged test cured products is reduced. taking measurement. The plurality of test cured products that have been rubbed are arranged so that the upper surfaces are flush with each other and in contact with each other, and the sliding resistance of the arranged upper surfaces (surfaces) is measured.
すべり抵抗の測定は、例えば、振り子式スキッドレジスタンステスタを用いたＢＰＮ（British Pundulum Number）試験を採用し得る。
かかるＢＰＮ試験は、試料面（並べられた供試硬化物の上面）に水を散布し、振り子式スキッドレジスタンステスタを用いて振り子の先端のゴムスライダーを所定の位置から振り下ろし、スライダーと供試硬化物との間の摩擦による振り子の振りの減衰を、目盛りによって読み取る方法である。
For the measurement of the slip resistance, for example, a BPN (British Pundulum Number) test using a pendulum skid resistance tester can be adopted.
In such a BPN test, water is sprayed on the sample surface (the top surface of the test cured products arranged), and the rubber slider at the tip of the pendulum is swung down from a predetermined position using a pendulum skid resistance tester. This is a method of reading the attenuation of the swing of the pendulum due to friction with the cured product by a scale.
本実施形態のすべり抵抗試験においては、
さらに、供試硬化物を擦り磨く前に、供試硬化物のうちの擦り磨かれていない複数の供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定し、擦り磨き前後でのすべり抵抗の測定結果を比較してもよい。
In the slip resistance test of this embodiment,
In addition, before grinding the test cured product, arrange several test cured products of the test cured product that are not rubbed in a plane, and measure the sliding resistance of the surfaces of the arranged test cured products. Then, the measurement results of the slip resistance before and after polishing may be compared.
具体的には、例えば、擦り磨きを行う前に、供試硬化物のうち、擦り磨きに供されない複数の供試硬化物を用い、上記と同様、これを上面が面一となるように、且つ、互いが接触するように平面状に並べ、並べられた上面に対して、前述したようにすべり抵抗を測定する。
そして、得られた結果を、上記のように擦り磨き後に測定したすべり試験の結果と比較する。擦り磨き後の方が、擦り磨き前よりもすべり試験結果が大きくなった場合、その差が大きい程、すべり抵抗が高い（すべり難い）と評価し得る。一方、擦り磨き後の方が擦り磨き前よりもすべり試験結果が小さくなった場合には、すべり易いと評価し得る。
Specifically, for example, before performing scouring, using a plurality of test cured products that are not subjected to scouring among the test cured products, as in the above, so that the upper surface is flush with And it arrange | positions planarly so that it may mutually contact, and it measures sliding resistance as mentioned above with respect to the arranged upper surface.
Then, the obtained result is compared with the result of the sliding test measured after polishing as described above. When the result of the sliding test is greater after the polishing than when the polishing is performed, it can be evaluated that the larger the difference is, the higher the sliding resistance (less slipping) is. On the other hand, when the result of the sliding test is smaller after the polishing than when the polishing is performed, it can be evaluated that the sliding is easy.
上記の通り、本実施形態に係るコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法は、
コンクリートのすべり抵抗を試験する方法であって、
セメントと、水と、細骨材とを混合し、硬化させて複数の供試硬化物を形成し、
形成された前記供試硬化物のうちの複数を擦り磨き、
擦り磨いた後に、擦り磨かれた前記供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定する方法である。
As described above, the slip resistance test method for concrete according to the present embodiment is as follows.
A method for testing slip resistance of concrete,
Cement, water, and fine aggregate are mixed and hardened to form multiple test hardened products,
Scrub a plurality of the test cured products formed,
After scrubbing, the test cured products that have been polished are arranged in a plane and the sliding resistance of the surface of the test cured products arranged is measured.
かかる構成によれば、セメントと水と細骨材とを混合し、硬化させて、互いに同じ組成の複数の供試硬化物を形成し、形成された供試硬化物のうちの複数を擦り磨いた後、擦り磨かれた供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定することができる。
このように、複数の供試硬化物を形成することによって、一体の比較的大きな供試硬化物を形成しなくても済むため、その分、簡便となる。
また、供試硬化物を擦り磨くことによって、コンクリートと共に細骨材が除去されることになるが、このように細骨材が除去された状態ですべり抵抗を測定することによって、コンクリートが車両等の重量物が通過することによって得られる表面状態を疑似的に再現し、そのうえで、すべり抵抗を測定することができるため、より適切に実状に近いすべり抵抗を測定することが可能となる。
従って、コンクリートのすべり抵抗を簡便に測定することが可能となる。
According to such a configuration, cement, water, and fine aggregate are mixed and cured to form a plurality of test cured products having the same composition, and a plurality of the formed test cured products are rubbed. After that, the rubbed specimen cured products can be arranged in a plane and the sliding resistance of the surfaces of the arranged specimen cured products can be measured.
In this manner, by forming a plurality of test cured products, it is not necessary to form an integral relatively large test cured product, and therefore, it becomes simpler.
In addition, the fine aggregate is removed together with the concrete by rubbing the test hardened material. By measuring the sliding resistance in the state where the fine aggregate is removed in this way, the concrete is removed from the vehicle. Since the surface state obtained by passing the heavy object can be reproduced in a pseudo manner, and the slip resistance can be measured after that, the slip resistance close to the actual state can be measured more appropriately.
Therefore, it is possible to easily measure the slip resistance of concrete.
本実施形態のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法においては、
さらに、擦り磨く前に、前記供試硬化物のうちの擦り磨かれていない複数の前記供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定し、
擦り磨き前後での前記すべり抵抗の測定結果を比較してもよい。
In the concrete slip resistance test method of this embodiment,
Further, before scrubbing, a plurality of the test cured products that are not rubbed out of the test cured products are arranged in a plane, and the sliding resistance of the surfaces of the arranged test cured products is measured,
You may compare the measurement result of the said sliding resistance before and behind abrasion.
かかる構成によれば、擦り磨き前後ですべり抵抗の測定結果を比較することによって、より適切にコンクリートのすべり抵抗を評価することが可能となる。 According to such a configuration, it is possible to more appropriately evaluate the slip resistance of the concrete by comparing the measurement results of the slip resistance before and after polishing.
次に、上記本実施形態のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法を用いた本実施形態の細骨材の選定方法について説明する。 Next, a method for selecting a fine aggregate according to this embodiment using the concrete sliding resistance test method according to the present embodiment will be described.
本実施形態の細骨材の選定方法は、
セメントと、水と、細骨材とを混合して作製されるコンクリートの製造に用いられる細骨材の選定方法であって、
前記セメントと、前記水と、前記細骨材とを用いて上記本実施形態のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法を行うことによって、前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定し、
測定されたすべり抵抗が基準値よりも高いとき、前記供試硬化物に用いた細骨材を、前記コンクリートの製造に用いられる細骨材として選定する方法である。
The method for selecting the fine aggregate of this embodiment is as follows:
A method for selecting fine aggregate used in the production of concrete produced by mixing cement, water, and fine aggregate,
By measuring the slip resistance of the surface of the test cured product by performing the concrete slip resistance test method of the concrete of the present embodiment using the cement, the water, and the fine aggregate,
When the measured slip resistance is higher than a reference value, the fine aggregate used in the test hardened material is selected as the fine aggregate used in the production of the concrete.
具体的には、前述したコンクリートの成分のうち、セメント、水、及び細骨材の配合量を一定の配合量に設定し、セメントの種類を一定の種類に設定する一方、細骨材の種類を変更して、これらセメント、水及び細骨材を混合し、前述したように型枠に小分けして硬化させて、複数の供試硬化物を得る。
得られた供試硬化物について、前述したように、擦り磨き後に、すべり抵抗試験を行う。
この結果、すべり抵抗が基準値を超える供試硬化物に用いた細骨材を、所望のコンクリートを製造するための細骨材として選定することができる。
かかる基準値は、予め予備実験等で適宜設定し得る。また、基準値として、試験に供した他の細骨材を用いた供試硬化物のすべり抵抗の結果を採用してもよい。この場合には、例えば、試験に供した複数の細骨材のうち、最もすべり抵抗が大きい結果を示す供試硬化物に用いた細骨材を、選定し得る。
Specifically, among the components of the concrete described above, the cement, water, and fine aggregate compounding amount is set to a constant mixing amount, and the cement type is set to a certain type, while the fine aggregate type The cement, water and fine aggregate are mixed and divided into molds and cured as described above to obtain a plurality of test cured products.
The obtained test cured product is subjected to a slip resistance test after being polished as described above.
As a result, the fine aggregate used for the test hardened material whose slip resistance exceeds the reference value can be selected as the fine aggregate for producing the desired concrete.
Such a reference value can be appropriately set in advance by a preliminary experiment or the like. Moreover, you may employ | adopt the result of the sliding resistance of the test hardened | cured material using the other fine aggregate used for the test as a reference value. In this case, for example, among the plurality of fine aggregates subjected to the test, the fine aggregate used for the test hardened material showing the result having the largest slip resistance can be selected.
本実施形態の細骨材の選定方法によれば、上記したすべり抵抗試験方法によって供試硬化物のすべり抵抗を測定し、測定されたすべり抵抗が基準値よりも高いとき、その供試硬化物に用いた細骨材を、コンクリートの製造に用いられる細骨材として選定することが可能となる。
これによれば、すべり抵抗を十分に発揮させ得る細骨材を選定することが可能となる。
According to the fine aggregate selection method of the present embodiment, the sliding resistance of the test hardened material is measured by the above-described sliding resistance test method, and when the measured slip resistance is higher than the reference value, the test hardened material It is possible to select the fine aggregate used in the above as a fine aggregate used for the production of concrete.
According to this, it becomes possible to select the fine aggregate which can fully exhibit slip resistance.
なお、本実施形態の細骨材の選定におけるすべり抵抗試験としては、前述と同様、さらに、擦り磨く前に、複数の供試硬化物のうちの擦り磨かれていない複数の前記供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定し、擦り磨き前後でのすべり抵抗の測定結果を比較してもよい。 In addition, as the slip resistance test in the selection of the fine aggregate of the present embodiment, as described above, a plurality of the test cured products that are not rubbed out of the plurality of test cured products before further polishing. May be arranged in a plane, the sliding resistance of the surface of the cured specimens arranged may be measured, and the measurement results of the sliding resistance before and after rubbing may be compared.
次に、上記本実施形態の細骨材の選定方法を用いた本実施形態のコンクリートの製造方法について説明する。 Next, the concrete manufacturing method of the present embodiment using the fine aggregate selection method of the present embodiment will be described.
本実施形態のコンクリートの製造方法は、
コンクリートの製造方法であって、
上記本実施形態の細骨材の選定方法を行って選定された細骨材と、セメントと、粗骨材と、水とを用いてコンクリートを製造する方法である。
The concrete production method of this embodiment is:
A method for producing concrete,
This is a method for producing concrete using the fine aggregate selected by the fine aggregate selection method of the present embodiment, cement, coarse aggregate, and water.
具体的には、上記本実施形態の細骨材の選定方法で選定された細骨材を用い、この細骨材と、セメントと、粗骨材と、水とを用い、必要に応じて混和剤や混和材等と共に混合し、硬化させることによって、コンクリートを製造する。 Specifically, the fine aggregate selected by the fine aggregate selection method of the present embodiment is used, and this fine aggregate, cement, coarse aggregate, and water are mixed as necessary. Concrete is produced by mixing together with agents and admixtures and curing.
本実施形態のコンクリートの製造方法によれば、上記細骨材の選定方法で選定された細骨材を用いてコンクリートを製造することが可能となる。
これによって、得られるコンクリートがすべり抵抗を十分に発揮し得るものとなる。
According to the concrete production method of the present embodiment, it is possible to produce concrete using the fine aggregate selected by the fine aggregate selection method.
As a result, the obtained concrete can sufficiently exhibit slip resistance.
以上の通り、本実施形態によれば、コンクリートのすべり抵抗を簡便に測定することが可能なコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法、これを用いた細骨材の選定方法、及び、これを用いたコンクリートの製造方法が提供される。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, a concrete slip resistance test method capable of easily measuring the slip resistance of concrete, a method for selecting a fine aggregate using the same, and a concrete using the same A manufacturing method is provided.
本実施形態のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法、細骨材の選定方法、及び、コンクリートの製造方法は、上記の通りであるが、本発明のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法、細骨材の選定方法、及び、コンクリートの製造方法は、上記実施形態に特に限定されるものではなく、適宜設計変更が可能である。 The concrete slip resistance test method, the fine aggregate selection method, and the concrete production method of the present embodiment are as described above, but the concrete slip resistance test method, the fine aggregate selection method of the present invention, And the manufacturing method of concrete is not specifically limited to the said embodiment, A design change is possible suitably.
次に実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in more detail, this invention is not limited to these.
（実験例１）
・使用原料及び配合
下記表１に示す材料を、表２の配合で使用した。
(Experimental example 1)
-Raw material and mixing | blending The material shown in following Table 1 was used by the mixing | blending of Table 2. FIG.
・供試硬化物の作製
表２に示す各配合について、普通ポルトランドセメントと、水と、細骨材とを、水セメント比（Ｗ／Ｃ）＝３０〜５０％、セメント：細骨材の質量比（Ｃ：Ｓ）＝１：３の配合で、ホバートミキサーを用いて練り混ぜることによって混合した。
具体的には、撹拌練り混ぜ機（ホバートミキサー、型式Ｎ５０、ＨＯＢＡＲＴ社製）にセメントと水とを投入し、低速（１３９ｒｐｍ）で３０秒練り混ぜた後、細骨材を加え、高速（２８５ｒｐｍ）で３０秒練り混ぜ、その後、練り混ぜを停止し、内壁や撹拌羽根への付着物を掻き落とし、練り混ぜから１８０秒経過した後、再び高速で６０秒間練り混ぜた後、匙で１０回掻き混ぜて混練物を得た。
-Preparation of test hardened | cured material About each mixing | blending shown in Table 2, normal Portland cement, water, and a fine aggregate, water cement ratio (W / C) = 30-50%, Cement: Mass of fine aggregate The ratio (C: S) was 1: 3 and mixed by kneading using a Hobart mixer.
Specifically, cement and water were put into a stirring kneader (Hobart mixer, model N50, manufactured by HOBART), kneaded at a low speed (139 rpm) for 30 seconds, fine aggregate was added, and high speed (285 rpm) ) For 30 seconds, then stop mixing, scrape off the deposits on the inner wall and stirring blade, and after 180 seconds from mixing, knead again at high speed for 60 seconds, and then boil 10 times The kneaded product was obtained by stirring.
得られた混練物を、図２に示すように、１５ｍｍ×１５ｍｍ×１５ｍｍ程度の角状の凹部が１３列×６行程度並べられた樹脂製の型枠（製品名：製氷皿、ダイソー社製）に小分けして流し込んで打設し、振動台上に接触させて空気を抜いた。１日経過後（翌日）、型枠から脱型し、脱型物を７日間水中養生して、供試硬化物を複数（７８個）得た。 As shown in FIG. 2, the obtained kneaded product is a resin mold (product name: ice tray, manufactured by Daiso Corporation) in which square recesses of about 15 mm × 15 mm × 15 mm are arranged in about 13 rows × 6 rows. ) Was poured into a small portion and placed, and then contacted on the shaking table to evacuate the air. After 1 day (next day), the mold was removed from the mold, and the removed product was cured in water for 7 days to obtain a plurality (78) of test cured products.
得られた供試硬化物（７８個）と、鋼球（直径１１ｍｍ、質量５ｇ）と、水とを、質量比１：１：０．５となるようにポットミル（商品名：ステンレスポットミル ＳＵＳ３０４、外径１８５ｍｍ、三商社製）内に投入し、３５０ｒｐｍで４時間回転させて、擦り磨きを行った。擦り磨かれた供試硬化物を図３に示す。なお、擦り磨きの前後で、ポットミルに投入した供試硬化物の質量を測定した。 A pot mill (trade name: stainless steel pot mill SUS304) was prepared so that the obtained test cured products (78 pieces), steel balls (diameter 11 mm, mass 5 g), and water had a mass ratio of 1: 1: 0.5. The outer diameter was 185 mm, manufactured by Sanshosha Co., Ltd.) and rotated at 350 rpm for 4 hours for polishing. The cured test specimen is shown in FIG. In addition, the mass of the test hardened | cured material thrown into the pot mill was measured before and after abrasion.
擦り磨かれた供試硬化物を、図４に示すように、下側が測定面となるようにして１３列×６行に並べ、図５に示すように、並べた上面をライオンシスイ１１５（住友大阪セメント社製）で固定して、図６にひっくり返した状態（測定面が上側に配された状態）を示すように、測定面が平面状であり、全体として平板状の測定サンプルを形成した。 As shown in FIG. 4, the cured test cured products are arranged in 13 columns × 6 rows so that the lower side is the measurement surface, and as shown in FIG. Fixing with Osaka Cement Co., Ltd., and the measurement surface is flat as shown in FIG. 6 (in a state where the measurement surface is arranged on the upper side), forming a flat measurement sample as a whole did.
・すべり抵抗試験
得られた各測定サンプルの測定面について、振り子式スキッドレジスタンステスタを用いたＢＰＮ(British Pundulum Number)試験を行った。
結果を図７に示す。
-Slip resistance test About the measurement surface of each obtained measurement sample, the BPN (British Pundulum Number) test using the pendulum type skid resistance tester was done.
The results are shown in FIG.
図７に示すように、擦り磨き後では、石灰砕砂以外は全体的にＢＰＮが６０以上であったが、石灰砕砂は、そのＢＰＮが６０未満であり、他の細骨材よりも低い値を示した。 As shown in FIG. 7, after grinding, the BPN was generally 60 or more except for the lime crushed sand, but the lime crushed sand had a BPN of less than 60 and a lower value than other fine aggregates. Indicated.
・擦り磨きによる質量減少
図８に、擦り磨き前後での質量減少量（｛（（擦り磨き前の質量）−（擦り磨き後の質量））／（擦り磨き前の質量）｝×１００（％））を示す。
図８に示すように、質量減少量は、石灰砕砂が最も大きく、川砂と砂岩砕砂は同程度に小さかった。がいし粉はさらに小さく、高炉スラグが最も小さかった。よって、質量減少量が大きい程、すべり抵抗が低いことが示された。
-Mass reduction by rubbing FIG. 8 shows the mass reduction amount before and after rubbing ({((mass before rubbing)-(mass after rubbing)) / (mass before rubbing)} × 100 (% )).
As shown in FIG. 8, the amount of mass reduction was the largest for crushed lime sand, and the same for river sand and sandstone crushed sand. The insulator powder was even smaller and the blast furnace slag was the smallest. Therefore, it was shown that the slip resistance is lower as the mass reduction amount is larger.
・擦り磨きで発生した粉（ノロ）の分析
擦り磨きで発生したノロを１０５℃で乾燥した後、乳鉢で粉砕した。粉砕試料をよく混合して分析試料とし、不溶残分の推定を以下の手順で行った。
・ Analysis of powder (noro) generated by rubbing Noro generated by rubbing was dried at 105 ° C. and then ground in a mortar. The ground sample was mixed well to obtain an analytical sample, and the insoluble residue was estimated by the following procedure.
（１）細骨材として標準砂、川砂、砂岩砕砂、がいし粉を用いたサンプル
粉砕試料１ｇを５００ｍＬビーカーに秤量し、塩酸を２５０ｍＬ加え、２０分間撹拌溶解した後、ろ過し、ろ過残分（不溶残分）を灰化、強熱し、質量を測定した。
塩酸に対してセメントは１００％溶解する一方、細骨材は１００％溶解しないと仮定して、不溶残分の質量を細骨材の質量（不溶残分の質量＝細骨材の質量）とした。
(1) Sample using standard sand, river sand, crushed sandstone sandstone as fine aggregate, 1 g of crushed sample is weighed into a 500 mL beaker, 250 mL of hydrochloric acid is added, stirred and dissolved for 20 minutes, filtered, and filtered residue ( The insoluble residue was incinerated and ignited, and the mass was measured.
Assuming that 100% of cement dissolves in hydrochloric acid while 100% of fine aggregate does not dissolve, the mass of insoluble residue is defined as the mass of fine aggregate (the mass of insoluble residue = mass of fine aggregate). did.
（２）細骨材として石灰砕砂、高炉スラグを用いたサンプル
粉砕試料１ｇをポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）容器５００ｍＬに秤量し、１５％グルコン酸ナトリウム溶液を３００ｍＬ加え、６０℃の恒温槽内で３０分間振とうして溶解した後、吸引ろ過し、ろ過残分（不溶残分）を灰化、強熱し質量を測定した。
グルコン酸ナトリウム溶液に対してセメントは１００％溶解する一方、細骨材は１００％溶解しないと仮定し、不溶残分の質量を細骨材の質量（不溶残分の質量＝細骨材の質量）とした。
(2) Sample using lime crushed sand and blast furnace slag as fine aggregate 1g of crushed sample is weighed in 500mL of polypropylene (PP) container, 300mL of 15% sodium gluconate solution is added, and shaken in a 60 ° C constant temperature bath for 30 minutes. After dissolution, the solution was suction filtered and the filtered residue (insoluble residue) was ashed and ignited, and the mass was measured.
It is assumed that the cement dissolves 100% in the sodium gluconate solution, while the fine aggregate does not dissolve 100%, and the mass of the insoluble residue is the mass of the fine aggregate (the mass of the insoluble residue = the mass of the fine aggregate). ).
（３）結合水の推定
上記（１）、（２）において、石灰砕砂を用いたサンプル以外については、６００℃の強熱減量を測定して結合水の質量とした。一方、石灰砕砂を用いたサンプルについては、５５０℃を超えると炭酸カルシウムが分解するので、５００℃の強熱減量を結合水の質量とした。
(3) Estimating bound water In the above (1) and (2), the loss of ignition at 600 ° C. was measured for the samples other than the sample using lime crushed sand, and the mass of bound water was obtained. On the other hand, about the sample using lime crushed sand, since calcium carbonate will decompose | disassemble when it exceeds 550 degreeC, the ignition loss of 500 degreeC was made into the mass of combined water.
上記（１）〜（３）の結果を表３に示す。また、擦り磨き後のＢＰＮ値（図７）と共に図９に示す。 Table 3 shows the results of the above (1) to (3). Moreover, it shows in FIG. 9 with the BPN value (FIG. 7) after abrasion.
表３及び図９より、石灰砕砂を用いたサンプルでは、細骨材の質量減少量が９％近くあるのに対し、他の細骨材を用いたサンプルでは、２〜５％程度であった。
石灰砕砂のノロ中の細骨材の比率は５５％以上あるのに対し、他の細骨材を用いたノロ中の細骨材の比率は３０〜４７％程度であった。
がいし粉、高炉スラグは細骨材の質量減少量が少なく、ノロ中の細骨材の割合も比較的少なかった。
上記の結果から、石灰砕砂は細骨材自体が擦り磨かれていることが示された。また、上記のすべり抵抗試験方法によれば、コンクリートのすべり抵抗性の高いものとし得る細骨材を選定することが可能であることがわかった。
From Table 3 and FIG. 9, in the sample using lime crushed sand, the mass reduction amount of fine aggregate is close to 9%, whereas in the sample using other fine aggregate, it was about 2 to 5%. .
The proportion of fine aggregate in the smash of crushed lime sand is 55% or more, while the proportion of fine aggregate in the slag using other fine aggregates was about 30 to 47%.
Insulation powder and blast furnace slag had a small mass loss of fine aggregates and a relatively small proportion of fine aggregates in Noro.
From the above results, it was shown that the fine aggregate itself was rubbed in the lime crushed sand. Moreover, according to the above-mentioned slip resistance test method, it has been found that it is possible to select a fine aggregate that can have high slip resistance of concrete.
Claims (4)
セメントと、水と、細骨材とを混合し、硬化させて複数の供試硬化物を形成し、
形成された前記供試硬化物のうちの複数を擦り磨き、
擦り磨いた後に、擦り磨かれた前記供試硬化物を平面状に並べ、並べられた前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定する、コンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法。 A method for testing slip resistance of concrete,
Cement, water, and fine aggregate are mixed and hardened to form multiple test hardened products,
Scrub a plurality of the test cured products formed,
A method for testing the slip resistance of concrete, wherein the test cured products that have been rubbed are arranged in a planar shape after being rubbed, and the slip resistance of the surfaces of the cured test samples that are arranged is measured.
擦り磨き前後での前記すべり抵抗の測定結果を比較する、請求項１に記載のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法。 Further, before scrubbing, a plurality of the test cured products that are not rubbed out of the test cured products are arranged in a plane, and the sliding resistance of the surfaces of the arranged test cured products is measured,
The slip resistance test method for concrete according to claim 1, wherein the measurement results of the slip resistance before and after polishing are compared.
前記セメントと、前記水と、前記細骨材とを用いて請求項１または２に記載のコンクリートのすべり抵抗試験方法を行うことによって、前記供試硬化物の表面のすべり抵抗を測定し、
測定されたすべり抵抗が基準値よりも高いとき、前記供試硬化物に用いた細骨材を、前記コンクリートの製造に用いられる細骨材として選定する、細骨材の選定方法。 A method for selecting fine aggregate used in the production of concrete produced by mixing cement, water, and fine aggregate,
The slip resistance of the surface of the test cured product is measured by performing the concrete slip resistance test method according to claim 1 or 2 using the cement, the water, and the fine aggregate.
A method for selecting a fine aggregate, wherein the fine aggregate used in the test hardened material is selected as the fine aggregate used in the production of the concrete when the measured slip resistance is higher than a reference value.
請求項３に記載の細骨材の選定方法を行って選定された細骨材と、セメントと、水と、粗骨材とを用いてコンクリートを製造する、コンクリートの製造方法。 A method for producing concrete,
A method for producing concrete, wherein concrete is produced using the fine aggregate selected by performing the fine aggregate selection method according to claim 3, cement, water, and coarse aggregate.
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