JP2009243634A - Hydraulic shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To smoothly discharge gas into a reservoir from an inner cylinder without loosing a damping force generating effect of an orifice. <P>SOLUTION: In a double tube type transverse hydraulic shock absorber, ends of concentrically arranged outer cylinder 1 and inner cylinder 2 are closed by an end plate 3 to compose a space between the two as the annular reservoir 5, and an annular passage S letting out air A accumulated in an upper side corner part of an oil chamber 10 in the inner cylinder 2 to a lower side area of the reservoir 5 and the orifice 23 for damping force generation are arranged around a fitting part of the end of the inner cylinder 2 and the end plate 3. The annular passage S is communicated with the oil chamber 10 by a cutout 21 (a communication passage T) formed in a bottom of a recessed part 6 of an end plate 4, and hydraulic fluid including the air A is smoothly sent into the annular passage S. The orifice 23 is provided in a plug member 24 attached to a communication hole 22 formed in a lower side portion of the end plate 3 to facilitate its machining and accuracy securement. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a double-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber used as a horizontal motion damper that suppresses horizontal motion of railway vehicles, buildings, and the like.

  In the horizontal hydraulic shock absorber impactor, since the mounting posture is horizontal, there is a restriction that gas (air) is difficult to escape, and a special device for extracting air is required. For example, in the device described in Patent Document 1, an air venting / damping force generating orifice is provided on the upper side of both end portions of the inner tube that are concentrically arranged in the outer tube, and both ends of the inner tube are fitted. An annular groove (annular passage) leading to the orifice is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the concave portion of the end plate (front lid, bottom plate), and the annular groove is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder on the lower side of the front end plate. A hole (communication hole) for communicating with the lower side of the reservoir is provided, and the air staying in the upper corner of the oil chamber (liquid chamber) in the inner cylinder passes through the orifice, the annular passage and the communication hole, and the lower side of the reservoir. To be discharged.

JP 11-344068 A

  However, according to the air vent mechanism described in Patent Document 1 described above, when hydraulic fluid flows from the periphery other than the orifice into the annular passage, the effect of generating the damping force of the orifice is lost. Need to seal. In this case, since two seal members are arranged on both sides of the annular passage, the orifice must be provided away from the tip of the inner cylinder by the installation space of the seal member. There was a problem that the air staying in the upper corner of the liquid chamber was difficult to escape.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the problem is that the gas can be smoothly discharged from the inner cylinder to the reservoir without losing the effect of generating the damping force of the orifice. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a double-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber that greatly contributes to stable maintenance of damping performance.

  In order to solve the above problems, the first invention is configured as an annular reservoir in which both ends of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged concentrically are closed by an end plate, and a liquid and a gas are enclosed between the two. An annular passage and a damping force for letting the gas staying in the corner of the liquid chamber in the inner cylinder on the upper side around the fitting portion between at least one end of the inner cylinder and the end plate to the reservoir In the multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber provided with the generating orifice, the annular passage is provided between an upper portion of the end portion of the inner cylinder and a concave bottom of the fitting portion of the end plate. The orifice is communicated with a liquid chamber in the inner cylinder by a communication passage, and the orifice is disposed in a portion of the end plate that is always in liquid and is in communication with the annular passage and the reservoir.

  Further, the second invention is the same as the first invention in the double-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber, wherein the annular passage is an upper portion of the end portion of the inner cylinder, and the fitting portion of the end plate The orifice communicates with the liquid chamber in the inner cylinder by a notch provided in a plate-like ring disposed at the bottom of the recess, and the orifice communicates with the annular passage and the reservoir at a portion of the end plate that is always in liquid. It is characterized by being arranged.

  According to the first invention, the gas can be smoothly discharged from the inner cylinder to the reservoir without losing the effect of generating the damping force of the orifice, which greatly contributes to the stable maintenance of the damping performance.

  According to the second invention, in addition to the effects of the first invention, the notch as the communication path is provided in the plate-like ring separate from the end plate and the inner cylinder, so that the notch is formed in the end plate or the inner cylinder. There is an advantage that the troublesome processing to form is unnecessary.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 and 2 show a multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber as a first embodiment of the present invention. This hydraulic shock absorber is provided as a railway vehicle yaw damper (oil damper), and both ends of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 arranged concentrically are closed by common end plates 3 and 4. An annular reservoir 5 is formed between the two. For convenience of explanation, the left side in the figure is described as the front side, and the right side is described as the rear side. In the present embodiment, the rear end plate 4 has a divided structure of a main lid member 4 a that closes the rear end of the outer cylinder 1 and a sub lid member 4 b that closes the rear end of the inner cylinder 2. The sub lid member 4b constituting the front end plate 3 and the rear end plate 4 is provided with recesses 6 and 7, and the inner cylinder 2 is fitted into the recesses 6 and 7 until both ends thereof are bottomed. In this state, the front and rear end plates 3 and 4 are fitted and supported.

  A piston 8 is slidably disposed in the inner cylinder 2, and the other end of a piston rod 9 having one end connected to the piston 8 is inserted in a liquid-tight manner through the front end plate 3 to the outside. It has been extended. The inner cylinder 2 is divided into two oil chambers (liquid chambers) 10 and 11 by the piston 8, and hydraulic oil (hydraulic fluid) is sealed in both the oil chambers 10 and 11. This hydraulic oil is also partially enclosed in the reservoir 5. The piston 8 is provided with relief valves (pressure regulating valves) 12 and 13 that generate a damping force during the contraction stroke and the expansion stroke of the piston rod 9, respectively. Further, the rear end plate 4 (sub lid member 4 b) is opened according to the pressure in the rear oil chamber (anti-rod side oil chamber) 11, and the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 11 is stored in the reservoir 5. A high-pressure relief valve 14 that escapes to the lower side region and a check valve 15 that allows only the flow of hydraulic oil from the reservoir 5 to the anti-rod side oil chamber 11 are disposed.

  Such a carriage yaw damper (hydraulic shock absorber) is provided between the carriage and the vehicle body via a bracket 16 fixed to the tip of the piston rod 9 and a bracket 17 fixed to the rear end plate 4. As shown in FIG. Therefore, in the following, the upper side of the figure is referred to as the upper side or the upper side, and the lower side of the figure is referred to as the lower side or the lower side. A cylindrical cover 18 that covers the periphery of the piston rod 9 is attached to the bracket 16 on the piston rod 9 side.

  On the inner peripheral surface of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4 that receive both ends of the inner cylinder 2, there are annular grooves 20 and 20 ′ that form an annular passage S with the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 2. Is provided. Each annular groove 20, 20 ′ is provided close to the bottom of the corresponding recess 6, 7. In addition, the annular passages S are respectively connected to the front oil chamber (rod side oil chamber) 10 and the anti-rod side oil chamber 11 of the inner cylinder 2 at the upper corners of the bottoms of the recesses 6 and 7 of the end plates 3 and 4, respectively. Notches 21 and 21 ′ that form communication passages T that communicate with each other are provided. Further, a communication hole 22 that communicates the annular passage S with the lower region of the reservoir 5 is provided in the lower part of the front end plate 3, and an opening end of the communication hole 22 on the reservoir 5 side is provided. A plug member 24 having an orifice 23 is attached to the shaft center portion. On the other hand, an orifice 23 ′ that communicates the annular passage S with the lower region of the reservoir 5 is provided in a lower portion of the rear end plate 4. That is, the space between the upper region of each oil chamber 10, 11 in the inner cylinder 2 and the lower region of the reservoir 5 is arranged around the fitting portion between the end of the inner cylinder 2 and the end plates 3, 4. The notches 21, 21 '(communication path T), the annular grooves 20, 20' (annular path S), and the orifices 23, 23 'are in communication with each other.

  Further, on the inner peripheral surfaces of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4 for receiving both end portions of the inner cylinder 2, other annular grooves 25 and 25 are located on the opening side of the annular grooves 20 and 20 '. 'Is formed. Seal members 26 and 26 ′ for sealing the space between the inner peripheral surface of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 2 (fitting gap) are mounted in the respective annular grooves 25 and 25 ′. Has been. This restricts fluid movement between the reservoir 5 and the annular passage S through the fitting gap between the inner cylinder 2 and the front and rear end plates 3 and 4.

Hereinafter, the operation of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described.
As described above, the double-cylinder hydraulic shock absorber is mounted horizontally between the carriage and the vehicle body. When the carriage and the vehicle body move relative to each other in the horizontal direction, the piston rod 9 expands and contracts. . During the extension stroke of the piston rod 9, the hydraulic oil in the rod side oil chamber 10 flows to the anti-rod side oil chamber 11 through one pressure regulating valve 13 provided in the piston 8, and the damping force on the extension side accordingly. Will occur. Further, the hydraulic oil in the rod side oil chamber 10 flows into the annular passage S (annular groove 20) from the communication passage T (notch 21), and is further discharged into the reservoir 5 through the orifice 23, and extends accordingly. Side damping force is generated. At this time, if air A (indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 2) stays in the upper-side corner of the rod-side oil chamber 10, the air A and the hydraulic oil are connected to the annular passage S together with the hydraulic oil. It flows into the interior and is further discharged through the orifice 23 to the lower region of the reservoir 5. Therefore, the communication passage T, the annular passage S, and the orifice 23 constitute an air vent mechanism for an extension stroke. During this extension stroke, the hydraulic oil corresponding to the retraction of the piston rod 9 is supplied from the reservoir 5 to the anti-rod side oil chamber 11 via a check valve (suction valve) 15 provided on the rear end plate 4. The air A may be replaced with other gas such as nitrogen gas.

  On the other hand, during the contraction stroke of the piston rod 9, the hydraulic oil in the non-rod side oil chamber 11 flows into the rod side oil chamber 10 through the other pressure regulating valve 12 provided in the piston 8, and the damping force on the contraction side accordingly. Will occur. Further, the hydraulic oil in the anti-rod side oil chamber 11 flows into the annular passage S (annular groove 20 ') from the communication passage T (notch 21'), and is discharged into the reservoir 5 through the orifice 23 '. In response to this, a damping force on the contraction side is generated. At this time, if air (not shown) stays in the upper side corner in the anti-rod side oil chamber 11, the air flows into the annular passage S from the communication passage T together with the hydraulic oil, and further the orifice It is discharged to the lower region of the reservoir 5 through 23 '. Therefore, the communication passage T, the annular passage S, and the orifice 23 'constitute an air vent mechanism for the contraction stroke. During this contraction stroke, the hydraulic oil that has entered the piston rod 9 is discharged from the non-rod-side oil chamber 11 to the reservoir 5 through the high-pressure relief valve 14 provided on the rear end plate 4, and also in this case, the damping force Will occur.

  In the multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber configured as described above, each annular passage S for venting air has notches 21 and 21 provided at the bottoms of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4. ′ (Communication passage T) communicates with the oil chambers 10 and 11 in the inner cylinder 2 so that the air staying in the upper corners of the oil chambers 10 and 11 in the inner cylinder 2 smoothly flows into the annular passage S. And is discharged to the reservoir 5.

  In addition, the annular grooves 20 and 20 'forming the annular passages S are arranged close to the bottoms of the recesses 6 and 7, and only one seal member 26 and 26' is used. The length of the fitting part between the rear side end plates 3 and 4 and the inner cylinder 2 can be made shorter than that in the invention described in Patent Document 1 described above. And by shortening the fitting length between the front and rear side end plates 3 and 4 and the inner cylinder 2, the front and rear side end plates 3 and 4 can be reduced in size and weight, and the material cost required for the manufacture thereof is reduced. Is also reduced.

  Particularly in the first embodiment, since one of the orifices 23 is provided in the plug member 24 which is separate from the end plate 3, not only the processing is easy, but also the accuracy can be ensured easily. Manufacturability of the present hydraulic shock absorber is improved.

  By the way, this type of multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber is often disposed between the carriage and the vehicle body so that the carriage bracket 16 side is slightly inclined upward. In this case, most of the air remaining in the inner cylinder 2 stays in the upper corner of the rod side oil chamber 10 as the piston rod 9 expands and contracts. Therefore, in the case of the inclined arrangement as described above, it is sufficient if there is an air vent mechanism for an extension stroke including at least the communication passage T (notch 21), the annular passage S (annular groove 20), and the orifice 23. The air venting mechanism for the contraction process including 'and the orifice 23' can be omitted.

  3 and 4 show a double-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber as a second embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the second embodiment is that an air vent annular passage S between the inner peripheral surface of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 2 is provided as an inner cylinder. 2 is formed by using a tapered portion 30 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion. In addition, since the basic structure and operational effects of the double-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same components are used in the following embodiments including the second embodiment. Are given the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are omitted. In addition, since the structural changes to the air release mechanism for the extension stroke and the contraction stroke are the same, only the air release mechanism for the front extension stroke is illustrated in the following embodiments including the second embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, since the annular passage S is formed by using the tapered portion 30 provided at the end of the inner cylinder 2, the inner peripheral surfaces of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4. No groove processing (processing of the annular grooves 10, 10 ') is required, and the processing cost is reduced.

  5 and 6 show a multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber as a third embodiment of the present invention. A feature of the third embodiment is that the communication passage T that communicates the air vent annular passage S with the oil chambers 10 and 11 in the inner cylinder 2 is provided in the circumferential direction at the end of the inner cylinder 2. It exists in the point set in the notch 31 provided in the location. In the third embodiment, since the inner cylinder 2 is provided with the notch 31 as the communication path T, the notches 21 and 21 are formed at the bottoms of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4 as in the first embodiment. Processing is simpler than when 'is provided, and the processing cost is reduced.

  7 and 8 show a multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber as a fourth embodiment of the present invention. A feature of the fourth embodiment is that the communication passage T for communicating the air vent annular passage S with the oil chambers 10 and 11 in the inner cylinder 2 is formed in the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4. It is in the point set in the U-shaped notch 33 provided in the separate plate-shaped ring 32 arrange | positioned at the bottom. In the fourth embodiment, the notches 33 as the communication passages T are provided in the plate-like ring 32 that is separate from the end plates 3 and 4 and the inner cylinder 2, so that the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4 are provided. Of course, machining is simpler than the case of providing the notch 31 at the end of the inner cylinder 2 (second embodiment) as well as the case of providing the notches 21 and 21 ′ at the bottom of the inner cylinder (first embodiment). Cost is further reduced.

  FIG. 9 shows a multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber as a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the fifth embodiment is that a through-hole 34 is formed at the end of the inner cylinder 2 with a communication path T that communicates the air vent annular passage S with the oil chambers 10, 11 in the inner cylinder 2. It is in the point set in. The through hole 34 has a diameter as large as possible and is formed as close to the tip of the inner cylinder 2 as possible. In the fifth embodiment, since the inner cylinder 2 is provided with the through-hole 34 having a large diameter, the processing is easier than the case where the inner cylinder is provided with a small-diameter orifice as in the invention described in Patent Document 1. It becomes.

  10 and 11 show a multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber as a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the sixth embodiment is that in the fifth embodiment, the above-described air vent annular passage S has the outer peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 35 in which the outer diameter of the end portion of the inner cylinder 2 is reduced. And the inner peripheral surfaces of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 4 and 5. In the sixth embodiment, since the annular passage S is formed by using the reduced diameter portion 35 provided at the end of the inner cylinder 2, the inner periphery of the recesses 6 and 7 of the front and rear end plates 3 and 4 is provided. Groove machining on the surface (machining of the annular grooves 10, 10 ′) becomes unnecessary, and the machining cost is reduced as compared with the fifth embodiment.

It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the horizontal placement hydraulic pressure buffer as the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows a part of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the horizontal placement hydraulic pressure buffer as the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the X section of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the horizontal placement hydraulic pressure buffer as the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the edge part structure of the inner cylinder used in embodiment of this 3. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the horizontal placement hydraulic pressure buffer as the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the shape of the plate-shaped ring used in embodiment of this 4. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the horizontal placement hydraulic pressure buffer as the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the horizontal placement hydraulic pressure buffer as the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is the Y section expanded sectional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer cylinder, 2 Inner cylinder 3, 4 End plate, 5 Reservoir 6, 7 Recessed part of end plate 8 Piston, 9 Piston rod 10, 11 Oil chamber (liquid chamber) in the inner cylinder
12, 13, 14 Relief valve (pressure regulating valve)
20, 20 'annular groove (annular passage)
21, 21 'Notch (communication path)
22 Communication hole 23, 23 'Orifice 24 Plug member 26, 26' Seal member 30 Tapered portion of inner cylinder (annular passage)
31 Inner tube notch (communication path)
32 Ring-shaped member 33 Notch (communication path)
35 Diameter reduction part of inner cylinder (annular passage)
34 Inner cylinder through hole (communication path)
A Air (gas)
S annular passage T communication passage

Claims (5)

  Both ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder arranged concentrically are closed by end plates, and an annular reservoir in which liquid and gas are sealed is formed between the two, and the fit between at least one end of the inner cylinder and the end plate A multi-cylinder laterally placed liquid in which an annular passage and a damping force generating orifice are provided around the joint portion for escaping the gas accumulated in the corner of the liquid chamber in the inner cylinder, which is the upper side in the attached state, to the reservoir. In the pressure shock absorber, the annular passage communicates with a liquid chamber in the inner cylinder by a communication path provided between an upper portion of the end portion of the inner cylinder and a concave bottom of the fitting portion of the end plate. The multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber is characterized in that the orifice is disposed at a portion of the end plate that is always in liquid and is communicated with the annular passage and the reservoir.   2. The multi-cylinder type according to claim 1, wherein the communication path is set in a notch formed in a recess bottom of a fitting portion of the end plate or in a notch formed in an end of the inner cylinder. Horizontal hydraulic buffer.   2. The double-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein a through-hole is provided at an end of the inner cylinder instead of the communication path.   Both ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder arranged concentrically are closed by end plates, and an annular reservoir in which liquid and gas are sealed is formed between the two, and the fit between at least one end of the inner cylinder and the end plate A multi-cylinder laterally placed liquid in which an annular passage and a damping force generating orifice are provided around the joint portion for escaping the gas accumulated in the corner of the liquid chamber in the inner cylinder, which is the upper side in the attached state, to the reservoir. In the pressure shock absorber, the annular passage is a liquid chamber in the inner cylinder by a notch provided in a plate-like ring disposed on the concave bottom of the fitting portion of the end plate at a position above the end of the inner cylinder. The multi-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber is characterized in that the orifice is disposed in communication with the annular passage and the reservoir at a portion of the end plate that is always in liquid.   The orifice is provided in a plug member that is detachably mounted in a communication hole formed in the end plate so as to communicate with the annular passage and the reservoir. 2. A double-cylinder horizontal hydraulic shock absorber according to item 1.

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