JP2009240032A - Demand control system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently reduce power consumption without causing unpleasant feeling of users, such as, customers in a demand control system used for a facility equipped with a large number of power receiving apparatuses including luminaires. <P>SOLUTION: The demand control system is provided with: a power quantity detecting section 20 for detecting the power consumption of the power receiving apparatus; a demand predicting section 15 for predicting whether a demand value as a sum value of the power consumption exceeds a contracted power value which is previously set; a demand schedule section 16 for selecting a luminaire 21 executing performance control and defining the control conditions thereof; and a demand control section 12 for controlling the performance of the luminaire 21, in conformity with the demand schedule section 16. According to this configuration, since the predetermined luminaire 21 is selectively controlled in performance, power consumption can be efficiently reduced without giving unpleasant sensation to the users of the facility, such as, customers. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is used in facilities equipped with a large number of power receiving facilities including lighting equipment such as supermarkets, and the demand value, which is an integrated value of the power consumption of the power receiving facilities for each demand period, exceeds a preset contract power value. The present invention relates to a demand control system that performs demand control so as not to cause a demand.

  When receiving power supply to a power receiving facility, a supply contract based on a power supply agreement is generally made between a power consumer and a power company. In this contract, the integrated value (demand value) of the received power is calculated for each predetermined demand period (here, 30 minutes), and the maximum value (contract) of this demand value in the past one year including the current month. The electricity price is determined based on the power value.

  Therefore, in facilities equipped with a large number of power receiving facilities, the average received power for 30 minutes is monitored so that the demand value does not exceed the contracted power value, and the demand value at the end of the time limit is predicted and calculated. A demand control system that controls output is used. This type of demand control system performs power control or start / stop control of power receiving equipment such as air conditioners, refrigeration equipment, and lighting equipment before the demand value reaches the contract power value, thereby reducing the demand value below the contract power value. (See, for example, Patent Document 1). If such a demand control apparatus is used, the electric power consumer can reduce power consumption, can save an electricity bill, and can also contribute to energy saving socially.

  In general, power receiving equipment that is subject to demand control is often an air conditioner. This is because, in facilities such as office buildings, the power consumption of air-conditioning equipment accounts for a large percentage of the total power consumption. Because it is less than capacity control.

On the other hand, in commercial facilities such as supermarkets, there are a large number of power receiving facilities such as lighting devices and refrigeration devices as well as air conditioning devices. Therefore, an energy saving system is known in which the power consumption can be efficiently reduced by appropriately controlling the capacity of these power receiving facilities (see, for example, Patent Document 2). In commercial facilities such as supermarkets, in order to attract customers by brightening the inside of the store and to improve sales by highlighting products, the power consumption of lighting equipment is generally high. The contribution to reduction is large.
JP 2003-304637 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-23729

  However, in a commercial facility such as a supermarket, if the lighting device is capacity-controlled during business hours, the brightness in the store may change, which may cause discomfort to the customer. As shown in Patent Document 2, if a lighting device installed in a place where there is no customer, such as a backyard, is turned off, there is no discomfort to the customer. Is less than the lighting equipment installed in the store in the store. Therefore, even if the lighting device such as the backyard is turned off, the effect of reducing the power consumption is small.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and in a facility equipped with a large number of power receiving facilities including lighting equipment such as a supermarket, the power consumption is efficiently reduced without causing discomfort to the customer. An object of the present invention is to provide a demand control system that can keep the power consumption within the contract power value.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 is used in a facility having a large number of power receiving facilities including lighting equipment installed in each of a plurality of areas, and is an integrated value of power consumption of the power receiving facility per demand period. A demand control system that performs demand control so that the demand value does not exceed a preset contract power value, the power amount detection unit detecting the amount of power consumed by the power receiving facility, and the power amount detection unit A demand prediction unit that predicts whether or not the demand value exceeds a preset contract power value from the detected amount of power, and any lighting device among the lighting devices installed for each of the plurality of areas. The demand schedule unit that selects whether or not to be a target of capacity control and the demand prediction unit predicts that the demand value exceeds the contract power value Can, in which and a demand control unit for capacity control of the lighting device according to the demand schedule section.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the demand control system according to claim 1, further comprising an illuminance sensor that detects illuminance of any one of the plurality of areas, wherein the illuminance sensor detects the demand schedule unit. In addition to selecting a lighting device whose ability is controlled according to the illuminance, the control conditions are defined.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the demand control system according to the first or second aspect, the demand schedule unit preferentially controls lighting equipment installed in an area adjacent to the window of the facility. It is what.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the demand control system according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, the demand scheduling unit further includes a number detection unit that detects the number of persons in each of the plurality of areas. Is to select a lighting device whose ability is controlled according to the number of people in each area detected by the number-of-people detecting means and to define the control conditions.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the demand control system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the facility is a commercial facility, and a sales recording means for recording a past sales amount for each area. The demand schedule unit selects a lighting device whose ability is controlled according to the past sales amount recorded in the sales recording means and defines the control condition thereof.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the demand control system according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the power receiving facility includes an air conditioner, and the demand schedule unit is an air conditioner whose capacity is controlled in addition to the lighting device. The equipment is selected and its control conditions are defined, and the demand control unit performs capability control of the lighting equipment or air-conditioning equipment according to the demand schedule unit.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the demand control system according to the sixth aspect, when the capacity control of one of the air conditioner and the lighting device arranged in the same area is performed, the demand schedule unit Capability control is not performed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, among the lighting devices installed in each area, which lighting device is to be subjected to capability control is selected, and the control conditions such as the dimming speed and the control output are set to demand. It is prescribed as a schedule, and based on this demand schedule, the capacity of a predetermined lighting device is selectively controlled, so that it does not cause discomfort to users of facilities such as customers, efficiently reducing power consumption, The demand value can be kept within the contract power value.

  According to the invention of claim 2, it is possible to appropriately control the performance of the lighting device according to the ambient illuminance, and not only efficiently reduce power consumption, but also adjust the brightness in the store in a balanced manner. it can.

  According to the invention of claim 3, in the area close to the window, the customer in the store hardly notices the change in the brightness of the lighting device during the daylight incident time. Even if the ability control for lowering the control output is performed, the power consumption can be efficiently reduced without causing discomfort to the customer.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, for example, it is possible to make it difficult to control the performance of the lighting device in an area where there are many customers in the facility.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, for example, it is possible to make it difficult to control the performance of the lighting device in an area where sales are expected to be high.

  According to the invention of claim 6, among the lighting equipment and air-conditioning equipment in the facility, the customer's discomfort is given to the customer by preferentially performing the power control of the power receiving equipment installed in the area having little influence on the in-store environment. Power consumption can be effectively reduced without giving.

  According to the invention of claim 7, when both the lighting device and the air conditioner are simultaneously capacity-controlled in the same area, the customer may feel that their power receiving equipment has failed, and may feel uneasy, By suppressing the simultaneous capability control of the lighting device and the air conditioner in the same area, it is possible to reduce the number of cases in which the customer feels uneasy.

(First embodiment)
A demand control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The demand control system of the present embodiment is used in a facility having a large number of power receiving facilities including a plurality of lighting devices 21, air conditioning devices 22, refrigeration and refrigeration devices 23, etc. installed for each area. The demand control is performed so that the integrated value of power consumption (hereinafter referred to as demand value) does not exceed a preset contract power value. This demand control is executed by a controller (demand control device) 10 connected to the various power receiving facilities. The controller 10 centrally manages the operation information and control information of the lighting equipment 21, the air conditioning equipment 22, the freezer / refrigeration equipment 23, etc., and the energy and environmental information by the watt-hour meter and the temperature / humidity meter, and is preferably connected to the Internet. The user can browse the information and set control conditions using a management personal computer (not shown). The controller 10 is connected to an illuminance sensor 17 installed in one of a plurality of areas (in the vicinity of the window W in the illustrated example).

  Hereinafter, an example in which the demand control system of the present embodiment is applied to a supermarket (hereinafter referred to as a store) that mainly handles foods will be described. This store has a cash register area A provided in an area close to the window W of the facility, a food area B in which products requiring the freezing and refrigeration equipment 23 such as fresh foods and frozen foods are displayed, and confectionery, miscellaneous goods, etc. It has a sales area C in which products that do not require the refrigerator / freezer 23 are displayed, and a work area D in which a space for cooking side dishes and the like sold in the store and for office work for employees is provided.

  Stores that use the demand control system have a supply contract with an electric power company based on the electricity supply agreement, and in that contract method, a demand value is calculated for each predetermined demand period (here 30 minutes). Then, the electricity rate is determined based on the maximum value in the past year including the current month among the demand values. Therefore, the demand control system of the present embodiment performs the capacity control of the lighting device 21 so that the demand value does not exceed the preset contract power value in order to keep the electricity bill of the store low. Specifically, the demand time period of 30 minutes includes an alarm lock time for a predetermined period (for example, 20 minutes) from the start of the demand time period, and a demand control time (for example, 10 minutes for the demand time period until the end of the demand time period). ) Is set, and the controller 10 determines whether or not the capability control of the lighting device 21 is performed at the time when the alarm lock time has elapsed for each demand time period. Note that the alarm lock time is a time during which a demand value is not predicted within a predetermined time from the start of measurement in order to enable stable prediction since there are many variations in transmission and reception signals at the beginning of the demand time period.

  Here, a specific configuration of the demand control system of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The power receiving facilities such as the lighting device 21, the air conditioning device 22, and the freezing / refrigeration device 23 are supplied with power through the power line Lp. In addition, a power amount detection unit 20 that detects the amount of power consumed by the power receiving facility is provided on the power line Lp. The power consumption detected by the power amount detection unit 20 is configured to be monitored by a personal computer or the like connected to the controller 10.

  The controller 10 includes a signal receiving unit 11 that receives an output signal from the power amount detection unit 20, a control output unit 12 a that outputs a control signal for controlling the capability of the lighting device 21, and power consumption from the output signal from the power amount detection unit 20. The power calculator 13 for calculating the approximate value, the timer unit 14 for measuring the calculation time in the power calculator 13, and the contract power value in which the demand value is preset from the approximate value calculated by the power calculator 13 Demand forecasting unit 15 that predicts whether or not to exceed, and among lighting devices 21 installed in each of a plurality of areas, which lighting device 21 is selected as a target of capability control and its control condition is set When the demand schedule unit 16 to be defined and the demand prediction unit 15 predict that the demand value will exceed the contract power value, And a demand control unit 12 for instructing the capacity control of the lighting apparatus 21 to part 12a.

  The power calculation unit 13 includes an instantaneous power calculation unit 13a that calculates an instantaneous value of power consumption, and an integrated power calculation unit 13b that calculates an integrated value (demand value) of power consumption within a demand time limit. The timer unit 14 also measures the date of the month, instructs the start date and time of the demand time period, and also measures the above-described demand time period, alarm lock time, and the like. The demand schedule unit 16 is connected to an illuminance sensor 17, and preferably selects a lighting device 21 whose capability is controlled according to the illuminance detected by the illuminance sensor 17 and defines its control conditions.

  Here, in addition to FIG. 2 described above, FIG. 3A shows an operation in which the demand prediction unit 15 predicts whether or not the demand value exceeds the contract power value and the operation of the demand control unit 12 based on the prediction. This will be described with reference to FIG. 3A shows the integrated value of the amount of power consumed by the power receiving equipment in the facility, and the solid line indicated by P1 in FIGS. 3B and 3C shows the instantaneous power value of the lighting device 21 as P2. A solid line indicated by indicates an instantaneous power value of a power receiving facility in the facility including the lighting device 21 and the air conditioning device 22. The dotted line indicated by P3 indicates the instantaneous power value of the power receiving equipment in the facility when demand control is not performed.

  The demand prediction unit 15 uses the integrated power value calculated by the integrated power calculation unit 13b to determine whether or not the integrated power value exceeds a predetermined management power value Ps by the end of the preset demand time period T1. Predict. The contract power value is used as the management power value Ps here, but a value slightly smaller than the contract power value is preferably used. The prediction in the demand prediction unit 15 is not performed until a certain alarm lock time T2 elapses from the start of the demand time period. At the end of the alarm lock time T2, the increase or decrease in the integrated power value before the end of the alarm lock time T2 is performed. The integrated power value at the end of the demand time period T1 is predicted from the tendency. For this prediction, for example, linear prediction obtained by extending a straight line pl connecting the integrated power value at the end of the alarm lock time T2 and the integrated power value at a time point that is a predetermined time back from that time is used.

  When the demand prediction unit 15 predicts that there is a risk that the integrated power value (demand value) will exceed the management power value Ps by the end of the demand time limit T1 (S1), the demand control unit 12 16 is collated (S2), and the control output unit 12a is instructed to start the ability control to set the power supplied to the predetermined lighting device 21 to the evacuated power value Pe (S3, S4). Then, when the demand time limit T1 ends (S5), it is determined whether or not the capability control of the lighting device 21 is released (S6), and the capability control of the lighting device 21 is released under a predetermined condition (S7). As shown in FIG. 3B, the capability control may be canceled every demand time period T1, but in this case, the instantaneous power value supplied to the lighting device 21 changes every demand time period T1. The brightness in the store may change during the period in which the customer stays in the store (usually assumed to be about 30 to 60 minutes), which may make the customer feel uncomfortable. For this reason, it is desirable that the number of times the brightness changes during the customer stay period is as small as possible. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3C, after the demand time period T1 in which the capacity control is performed, the power control to the lighting device 21 is not canceled at least in the next demand time period T1. The evacuation power value Pe is maintained. If it carries out like this, it can avoid giving a customer a discomfort by the capability control of the illuminating device 21. FIG.

  Next, a specific operation of the demand schedule unit 16 will be described with reference to FIG. 5 in addition to FIG. 2 described above. The demand schedule unit 16 uses, as a demand schedule, a plurality of tables that define which lighting device 21 is selected as a target of capability control among the lighting devices 21 installed for each of a plurality of areas, and the control conditions thereof. I remember it.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view of a store to which the demand control system of this embodiment is applied, and the a-a ′ line in the figure corresponds to FIG. 1 described above. The registration area A adjacent to the window W includes an entrance / exit zone A1 and a registration zone A2. The food area B is divided into food zones B1 to B3, the sales area C is divided into sales zones C1 to C3, and the work area D is divided into work zones D1 and D2. Illumination equipment 21 and air conditioning equipment 22 are installed in each zone, and refrigeration equipment 23 is arranged in sales floor zones C1 to C3. Table 1 below shows an example of a demand schedule introduced at the normal time of the store shown in FIG.

デマンドスケジュール部１６は、上記各ゾーンに配置された照明機器２１毎に「優先度」，「調光速度(ｌｘ／分)」，「制御出力(％)」を規定したデマンドスケジュールを有する。ここでいう「優先度」とは、デマンド制御時に、照明機器２１の能力制御を行う順序をいい、数字が低いほど優先的に能力制御される。「調光速度」とは、能力制御の開始から終了時までの１分間あたりの照度の下降又は上昇分を表す。「制御出力」とは、照明機器２１の調光出力を表す。なお、ここでは、照明機器２１に調光型の照明器具を用いた例に基づいて説明するが、非調光型の照明器具であっても機器台数に対する点灯率（例えば、レジゾーンＡ２に１２台の照明器具がある場合、制御出力５０％では６台の照明器具を点灯させる状態）で制御出力を表わすことができる。また、「制御出力」の代わりに「目標照度」を用いてもよい。なお、表１では、優先度を１〜４の４段階に分け、優先度が１のゾーンの照明機器２１から順次優先的に能力制御の対象とする。

The demand schedule unit 16 has a demand schedule that defines “priority”, “light control speed (lx / min)”, and “control output (%)” for each lighting device 21 arranged in each zone. The “priority” here refers to the order in which the capacity control of the lighting device 21 is performed during demand control. The lower the number, the higher the capacity control. “Dimming speed” represents a decrease or increase in illuminance per minute from the start to the end of capability control. “Control output” represents the dimming output of the lighting device 21. In addition, although it demonstrates based on the example which used the dimming type lighting fixture for the illuminating device 21 here, even if it is a non-dimming type lighting fixture, the lighting rate with respect to the number of apparatuses (for example, 12 sets in the registration zone A2). When there is a lighting fixture, the control output can be expressed by a control output of 50% in a state where six lighting fixtures are turned on. Further, “target illuminance” may be used instead of “control output”. In Table 1, the priorities are divided into four stages of 1 to 4 and are sequentially subject to ability control from the lighting devices 21 in the zone with the priority 1 in order.

  In the example of Table 1, since the work zones D1 and D2 are less likely to cause discomfort to the customer and do not affect the sales of the store, the demand is set so that the priority is 1, that is, the capacity is controlled most preferentially. A schedule is defined. Further, the entrance / exit zone A1 and the registration zone A2 can be expected to have a lighting attraction effect for pedestrians and the like outside the store, so the priority is defined as 4, that is, the ability is hardly controlled. In food zones B1 to B3, lighting fixtures may be provided on display shelves so that fresh foods such as vegetables and meat can be seen vividly. Since the effect of emphasizing the product can be expected, the priority is defined as 2. Thus, since the thing with a high priority has little possibility of giving a customer discomfort, a control output is also set low.

  In the example of Table 1, in the zones excluding the work zones D1 and D2, the dimming speed is set to 100 lx / min. Further, for example, in the food zone B1, before the capacity control (before dimming), that is, when the set illuminance during normal operation is 1000 lx, the dimming speed is 100 lx / min, and the control output is 40%, after the capacity control The illuminance (retraction illuminance) is about 500 lx, and the time required for the light change is 5.1 minutes. With this dimming speed, it is difficult for customers in the store to notice the dimming of the lighting device 21, and there is little possibility of giving the customer discomfort. On the other hand, in the work zones D1 and D2, the dimming speed is set to 1000 lx / min. In this example, when the set illuminance before capacity control (before dimming), that is, during normal operation is 1000 lx, the dimming speed is 1000 lx / min, and the control output is 25%, the evacuation illuminance is about 300 lx. The time required for light is 0.7 minutes. In this case, employees in the work zones D1 and D2 notice the dimming, but there is little possibility of giving the customer unpleasant feeling, and the power consumption can be efficiently reduced. In this example, about 300 lx, which is set as the evacuation illuminance in the work zones D1 and D2, is not sufficient as the brightness in the store where the products are displayed, but the employee performs work such as cooking a prepared dish. Above, it is necessary and sufficient brightness.

  Next, Table 2 shows an example of a demand schedule when daylight enters the store through the window W in the store shown in FIG.

表２の例において、窓Ｗから昼光が入射する時間帯は、この窓Ｗの近傍のエリア、例えば、レジゾーンＡ２や売場ゾーンＣ１は、照明機器２１を点灯させなくても十分な明るさが確保されることから、これらのゾーンの照明機器２１は優先的に能力制御される。また、調光速度は早く、制御出力は低く規定される。このように規定しても、昼光が入射している領域では、店舗内の顧客は照明機器２１の明るさの変化に気づき難いので、顧客に不快感を与える虞は少ない。また、晴天日の昼光が入射する時間帯は、空調機器２２や冷凍冷蔵機器２３の負荷が大きくなり、デマンド値が契約電力値を超過するケースが多くなる。そのため、この時間帯において、上述した能力制御を行えば、効率的に消費電力を削減することができ、デマンド値を契約電力値以内に抑える上で有効である。

In the example of Table 2, the time zone in which daylight enters from the window W is sufficiently bright even if the lighting device 21 is not turned on in the area in the vicinity of the window W, for example, the registration zone A2 and the sales zone C1. Therefore, the lighting devices 21 in these zones are preferentially subjected to capacity control. In addition, the light control speed is fast and the control output is set low. Even if it prescribes | regulates in this way, since the customer in a shop is hard to notice the brightness change of the illuminating device 21 in the area | region where the daylight is incident, there is little possibility of giving a customer discomfort. In addition, during the daylight hours when sunny daylight is incident, the load on the air conditioner 22 and the refrigerator / freezer 23 increases, and the demand value often exceeds the contract power value. Therefore, if the above-described capacity control is performed in this time zone, the power consumption can be efficiently reduced, which is effective in keeping the demand value within the contract power value.

  In the present embodiment, the demand schedule unit 16 is configured to introduce the demand schedule shown in Table 2 with a detection signal from the illuminance sensor 17 provided in the vicinity of the window W as a trigger. If it carries out like this, the capability control of the illuminating device 21 can be appropriately performed according to the ambient illuminance, and not only can the power consumption be reduced efficiently, but also the brightness in the store can be adjusted in a well-balanced manner. The illuminance sensor 17 may be provided for each area. The demand schedule unit 16 may be configured such that the demand schedule shown in Table 2 is introduced at a predetermined time based on the timing of the timer unit 14.

  In general, in this type of store, the operation of the refrigerator / freezer 23 causes the power consumption of the air conditioner 22 not to be very high in summer, and the lighting device 21 accounts for a large proportion of the power consumption of the entire store. That is, if the capacity control of the lighting device 21 is performed, even if the output decrease rate is small, the power consumption can be reduced to the same level or more as the demand control system that reduces the output of the air conditioning device 22. Moreover, as described above, the demand control system of the present embodiment selects which lighting device 21 is the target of capability control from among the lighting devices 21 installed for each area, and dimming those lights. Control conditions such as speed and control output are defined as a demand schedule, and based on this demand schedule, the capacity of a predetermined lighting device 21 is selectively controlled, so that there is no discomfort to users of facilities such as customers. , Can efficiently reduce power consumption and keep demand value within contract power value.

  Note that the demand schedule is not limited to the example described above, and the user can arbitrarily define the demand schedule by connecting an input device such as a management personal computer to the controller 10. It is generally known that there is a correlation between in-store brightness and customer attraction. Therefore, for example, it is possible to define a demand schedule that maintains the brightness of an area where products desired to be promoted are displayed and prevents customer attraction from decreasing.

  Next, a modification of the demand control system of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 5 described above. This modification is provided with a number detection means (not shown) for detecting the number of people for each of a plurality of areas, and the demand schedule unit 16 responds to the number of people for each area detected by the number detection means. The lighting equipment whose capacity is controlled is selected and its control conditions are specified.

  The number of people detection means detects the number of customers in each area using a human sensor or a wireless transmitter installed in a shopping cart, and divides the number of customers detected by the maximum number of people in each area. Calculated as “customer rate (%)”. Thereby, the area with few or many customers in a store can be specified. Other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment.

  The calculated customer rate is input to the demand schedule unit 16. The demand schedule unit 16 defines “priority”, “dimming speed (lx / min)”, and “control output (%)” for each lighting device 21 from “customer rate (%)” for each area. . Table 3 below shows an example of a demand schedule introduced when this modification is applied.

この変形例では、顧客率が高いエリアの優先度を後手に、調光速度を遅く、また制御出力を高く規定する。表３の例では、食品ゾーンＢ３の顧客率が最も高く、次いで出入口ゾーンＡ１、レジゾーンＡ２、及び食品ゾーンＢ１，Ｂ２の顧客率が高いので、これらの優先度は後手に規定される。これに対して、売場ゾーンＣ１，Ｃ２の顧客率は低いので、これらの優先度は早めに規定される。こうすれば、施設内の顧客の多いエリアでは、照明機器２１の能力制御を行われ難くなるので、顧客に不快感を与えるケースが少なくなる。

In this modified example, the priority of an area with a high customer rate is set behind, the dimming speed is slow, and the control output is high. In the example of Table 3, since the customer rate of the food zone B3 is the highest, and then the customer rate of the entrance / exit zone A1, the registration zone A2, and the food zones B1 and B2 is high, these priorities are defined later. On the other hand, since the customer rate in the sales zone C1 and C2 is low, these priorities are defined early. This makes it difficult to control the performance of the lighting device 21 in an area where there are many customers in the facility.

  However, if the lighting device 21 in an area with very few customers is dark, the area may give a negative impression to the customer, and sales of products displayed in the area may decrease. For this reason, preferably, the zone with the lowest customer rate is prioritized and the demand schedule is defined so that the area does not become dark. In the example of Table 3, since the customer rate of the sales floor zone C3 is the lowest, the priority of this area is defined later. In this way, a decrease in sales in a specific area associated with the capability control of the lighting device 21 is suppressed.

  Next, still another modification of the demand control system of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 5 described above. This modification is provided with a sales recording means (not shown) for recording the past sales amount for each area, and the demand schedule unit 16 corresponds to the past sales amount recorded in the sales recording means. Select lighting equipment to be controlled and define its control conditions.

  The sales recording means distributes the sales amount for each product category aggregated at the cash register to each area where each product is displayed, and calculates the sales order for each area. As a result, it is possible to specify an area with a small or large amount of sales in the store. Other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment. Table 4 below shows an example of a demand schedule introduced when this modification is applied.

エリア毎の売上順位は、上述した変形例における顧客率と概ね一致する。そのため、デマンドスケジュール部１６が、エリア毎の「売上順位」から、夫々の照明機器２１に「優先度」、「調光速度(ｌｘ／分)」及び「制御出力(％)」を規定することにより、上述した変形例と同様の効果が得られる。
（第２の実施形態）
次に、本発明の第２の実施形態に係るデマンド制御システムについて、上述した図５に加えて図６を参照して説明する。本実施形態のデマンド制御システムは、コントローラ１０が、照明機器２１に加えて、エリア毎に設置された照明機器２１だけでなく空調機器２２を能力制御するデマンド制御を行うものである。デマンドスケジュール部１６は、能力制御される空調機器２２を選択すると共にその制御条件を規定したデマンドスケジュールを有し、デマンド制御部１２は、デマンドスケジュール部１６に従って照明機器２１又は空調機器２２の能力制御を行う。すなわち、デマンド制御部１２は、照明機器２１に対する制御信号を出力する制御出力部１２ａに加えて、空調機器２２に対する制御信号を出力する制御出力部１２ｂを備える。デマンドスケジュール部１６には、エリア毎の温度を測定する温度センサ１８が接続される。その他の構成は第１の実施形態と同様である。下記の表５及び表６は、図５に示す店舗に本実施形態のデマンド制御システムを適用したときに導入されるデマンドスケジュールの例を示す。

The sales order for each area substantially matches the customer rate in the above-described modification. Therefore, the demand schedule unit 16 specifies “priority”, “dimming speed (lx / min)”, and “control output (%)” for each lighting device 21 from “sales ranking” for each area. Thus, the same effect as the above-described modification can be obtained.
(Second Embodiment)
Next, a demand control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6 in addition to FIG. 5 described above. In the demand control system of the present embodiment, the controller 10 performs demand control for controlling the capability of not only the lighting device 21 but also the air conditioning device 22 as well as the lighting device 21 installed for each area. The demand schedule unit 16 has a demand schedule that selects the air conditioner 22 to be capacity-controlled and defines the control conditions. The demand control unit 12 controls the capacity of the lighting device 21 or the air conditioner 22 according to the demand schedule unit 16. I do. That is, the demand control unit 12 includes a control output unit 12b that outputs a control signal for the air conditioner 22 in addition to a control output unit 12a that outputs a control signal for the lighting device 21. A temperature sensor 18 that measures the temperature of each area is connected to the demand schedule unit 16. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Tables 5 and 6 below show examples of demand schedules introduced when the demand control system of this embodiment is applied to the store shown in FIG.

表５の例では、出入口ゾーンＡ１及びレジゾーンＡ２は、照明機器２１による顧客誘引効果が期待されるので、照明機器２１の能力制御を行う優先度は後手になる。また、食品ゾーンＢ１〜Ｂ３は、冷凍冷蔵機器２３の稼動により、売場ゾーンＣ１〜Ｃ３よりも温度環境が適切にコントロールされている可能性が高いので、これらのエリアの空調機器２２の能力制御を優先的に行う。このように、店舗内環境に対する影響が少ないエリアに設置された受電設備の能力制御を優先的に行いうことにより、顧客に不快感を与えることなく効果的に消費電力を削減することができる。

In the example of Table 5, the entrance / exit zone A1 and the registration zone A2 are expected to attract customers by the lighting device 21, so that the priority for performing the capability control of the lighting device 21 is behind. In addition, the food zones B1 to B3 are more likely to be appropriately controlled in temperature environment than the sales floor zones C1 to C3 due to the operation of the refrigerator / freezer 23, so the capacity control of the air conditioners 22 in these areas is controlled. Give priority. Thus, by preferentially performing the power control of the power receiving equipment installed in the area having little influence on the in-store environment, it is possible to effectively reduce the power consumption without giving the customer unpleasant feeling.

  As described above, in this type of store, the lighting device 21 is preferably prioritized because the power control of the lighting device 21 can reduce the power consumption more efficiently than the capacity control of the air conditioning device 22. The ability is controlled. In addition, in areas close to the window W (entrance / exit zone A1, registration zone A2), the load on the air conditioner 22 is large. Therefore, the capacity control of the air conditioners 22 arranged in these areas should be controlled with priority over other areas. Is desirable.

  More preferably, the demand schedule part 16 prescribes | regulates a demand schedule so that when one capability control is performed among the lighting equipment 21 and the air conditioner 22 which are arrange | positioned in the same area, the other capability control is not performed. . An example of this is shown in Table 6 below.

表６の例では、食品ゾーンＢ１〜Ｂ３の照明機器２１の能力制御を優先している。このとき、食品ゾーンＢ１〜Ｂ３の空調機器２２の優先度を後手にする。すなわち、同一のエリアにおいて照明機器２１と空調機器２２の両方が同時に能力制御されると、顧客は、それらの受電設備が故障してしまったと思い、不安を感じることがある。これに対して、本実施形態によれば、同一のエリアにおける照明機器２１と空調機器２２の同時能力制御を抑制することができるので、顧客に不安感を与えるケースを少なくすることができる。
（第３の実施形態）
次に、本発明の第３の実施形態に係るデマンド制御システムについて、上述した図５及び図６を参照して説明する。本実施形態のデマンド制御システムは、デマンド時限より長い時間をかけて照明機器２１又は空調機器２２を能力制御してデマンド制御を行うものである。具体的には、デマンド予測部１５が、タイマ部１４によって計時される現デマンド時限内においてデマンド値が契約電力値を超過するか否かを予測するだけでなく、現デマンド時限よりも数時限先のデマンド時限（以下、予測デマンド時限）においてデマンド値が契約電力値を超過するか否かを予測する。以下の説明では、上記第１及び第２の実施形態で示したように、現デマンド時限内におけるデマンド値の超過を予測して受電設備の能力制御を行うことを短期デマンド制御と呼ぶ。また、予測デマンド時限におけるデマンド値の超過を予測して受電設備の能力制御を行うことを長期デマンド制御と呼ぶ。

In the example of Table 6, priority is given to the ability control of the lighting devices 21 in the food zones B1 to B3. At this time, the priority of the air conditioner 22 in the food zones B1 to B3 is set behind. That is, if both the lighting device 21 and the air conditioning device 22 are simultaneously capacity-controlled in the same area, the customer may feel anxiety because the power receiving equipment has failed. On the other hand, according to this embodiment, since simultaneous capability control of the lighting device 21 and the air conditioning device 22 in the same area can be suppressed, the number of cases that cause anxiety to the customer can be reduced.
(Third embodiment)
Next, a demand control system according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 described above. The demand control system of the present embodiment performs demand control by performing capability control of the lighting device 21 or the air conditioning device 22 over a longer time than the demand time limit. Specifically, the demand prediction unit 15 not only predicts whether or not the demand value exceeds the contract power value within the current demand time period counted by the timer unit 14, but is several time periods ahead of the current demand time period. Whether the demand value exceeds the contracted power value in the demand time period (hereinafter, predicted demand time period). In the following description, as shown in the first and second embodiments, the capability control of the power receiving equipment by predicting the excess of the demand value within the current demand time period is called short-term demand control. In addition, it is called long-term demand control to perform capability control of the power receiving equipment by predicting an excess of the demand value in the predicted demand time period.

  In the short-term demand control shown in the first and second embodiments, the capacity control of the power receiving equipment is performed in a relatively short time of about 10 minutes excluding the alarm lock time from the demand time period. Power consumption cannot be reduced. Moreover, in the capability control of the lighting device 21, it is necessary to set the light control speed of the lighting device 21 gently so as not to give unpleasant feeling to customers in the store. Therefore, for example, when the load on the air conditioner 22 or the freezer / refrigerator 23 increases rapidly, such as in the summer heat wave, there is a case where the demand value cannot be suppressed within the contract power value. Furthermore, in a store such as a supermarket, customers often leave the store in about 30 to 60 minutes after entering the store. Therefore, if the ability control of the lighting device 21 is performed within a short time of 10 minutes, the customer enters the store. There may be a sense of incongruity in the brightness of the store between holding and leaving.

  Therefore, the demand control system of the present embodiment performs not only the short-term demand control described above but also the long-term demand control, thereby reducing the power consumption in the entire demand time period without causing discomfort to customers in the store. It is possible to suppress the demand value within the contract power value.

  In the long-term demand control, the capacity of the lighting device 21 may be controlled over a long period of time, so that the demand value within the predicted demand time period is the contract power value so as not to give the customer the impression that the store is constantly dark. It is predicted based on the prediction accurately whether or not it exceeds. Here, a prediction method in the demand prediction unit 15 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The demand prediction unit 15 counts the number of times the demand value calculated during the day including the current demand time limit exceeds a predetermined threshold (danger count), and the demand value of the predicted demand time period according to the number of conversion counts Predict whether the contract power value will be exceeded. A first threshold value obtained by multiplying the contract power value by the safety factor α and a second threshold value obtained by multiplying the contract power value by the safety factor β (where β <α) are set, and the demand value is set to the first threshold value. However, by counting the number of times the second threshold is exceeded, it is predicted whether or not the demand value in the predicted demand period exceeds the contract power value based on the change tendency of the power consumption. When the danger count exceeds the predetermined number M, the controller 10 determines that the demand value is likely to exceed the contract power value within the predicted demand time period, and starts long-term demand control of the lighting device 21. In the flow shown in FIG. 7, attention is paid to the number of excesses using the latest demand value as a reference value, but the increase / decrease amount of the demand value is stored in a memory (storage means), and the increase / decrease of the demand value is determined from this data. Prediction accuracy can be improved by determining the tendency and combining this tendency with the above-described excess number. Further, the demand prediction unit 15 uses the history of past demand values as parameters, and constructs an autoregressive model such as an average moving model or an ARIMA model (autoregressive integrated moving average model) for the demand value, for example. It may be configured to predict an overage of the value.

  Next, the operation of the demand control system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, an operation flow for one day (24 hours) is shown. The controller 10 first sets the danger count to “0” (S1). Thereafter, when the alarm lock time elapses in the demand period (S2), an integrated value (demand value) of power consumption at that time is calculated (S3), and the power consumption at the end of the current demand period is estimated, and the current demand is The power consumption integrated value at the end of the time limit is calculated as an estimated demand value (S4). Then, the magnitude relationship between the calculated estimated demand value and the first threshold value (contract power amount × safety factor α) is compared (S5). If the estimated demand value is larger, the demand value is contracted within the current demand period. Since there is a high possibility that the power value will be exceeded, short-term demand control is performed (S6).

  On the other hand, if the estimated demand value is smaller than the first threshold value, a prediction process (S8) for predicting whether the demand value exceeds the second threshold value within the predicted demand time period at the end of the current demand time period (S7). To S12). Here, first, the demand value of the current demand time limit is stored in the memory (storage means) (S8), and the magnitude relationship between this demand value and the second threshold value (contract power value × safety factor β) is compared ( S9). At this time, if it is determined that the demand value is greater, the danger count value is increased by “1” (S10), and the increased danger count number reaches a predetermined number M (for example, M = 3). Is determined (S11). When the danger count exceeds the predetermined number M, the above-described long-term demand control is started (S12), and the danger count is reset to “0” (S13).

  Thereafter, until the end of the day (S14), the processes in steps S1 to S13 described above are repeated for the next demand time period (S15). According to this operation, it is possible to predict whether or not the demand value of the predicted demand time limit exceeds the contract power value by a simple process. Moreover, by executing each of the short-term demand control or the long-term demand control based on this prediction, the power consumption of the lighting device 21 in the predicted demand time period is reduced, and the demand value at the end of the actual predicted demand time period is determined as the contract power value. Can be suppressed within. Note that the performance control of the lighting device 21 in the long-term demand control is performed by lowering the dimming ratio of the lighting device 21 with the passage of time. Preferably, the light control speed is more gradual than the short-term demand control described above. To be done.

  Also in the present embodiment, which power receiving equipment is the target of capacity control among the lighting equipment 21 or the air conditioning equipment 22 installed in each of a plurality of areas, and the control condition is the demand schedule section. When the demand prediction unit 15 predicts that the demand value exceeds the contracted power value in the current demand time period or the predicted demand time period, the demand control unit 12 controls the power receiving facility according to the demand schedule unit 16. .

Sectional drawing of the store to which the demand control system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is applied. The block block diagram of the demand control system. The figure which shows the time-dependent change of the integrated electric power value and the instantaneous electric power value in the demand control system. The figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the demand control system. The top view of the store to which the demand control system is applied. The block block diagram of the demand control system which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining operation | movement of the demand estimation part in the demand control system which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the demand control system.

Explanation of symbols

10 Controller (Demand control device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Signal receiving part 12 Demand control part 12a Control output part for lighting equipment 12b Control output for air conditioning equipment 13 Power calculation part 13a Instantaneous power calculation part 13b Integrated power calculation part 14 Timer part 15 Demand prediction part 16 Demand schedule part 17 Illuminance sensor 20 Electricity detection unit 21 Lighting equipment 22 Air conditioning equipment 23 Refrigeration equipment

Claims (7)

Used in facilities with a large number of power receiving equipment including lighting equipment installed in multiple areas, the demand value, which is the integrated value of the power consumption of the power receiving equipment for each demand period, exceeds the preset contract power value A demand control system that performs demand control so as not to
An electric energy detector that detects the electric energy consumed by the power receiving facility;
A demand prediction unit that predicts whether a demand value exceeds a preset contract power value from the amount of power detected by the power amount detection unit;
A demand schedule unit that selects which lighting device is the target of capability control from among the lighting devices installed for each of the plurality of areas, and defines the control conditions thereof,
A demand control system comprising: a demand control unit that controls the capacity of the lighting device according to the demand schedule unit when the demand prediction unit predicts that the demand value exceeds a contract power value. An illuminance sensor for detecting the illuminance of any one of the plurality of areas;
2. The demand control system according to claim 1, wherein the demand schedule unit selects a lighting device whose capability is controlled according to the illuminance detected by the illuminance sensor and defines a control condition thereof.   3. The demand control system according to claim 1, wherein the demand schedule unit preferentially targets a lighting device installed in an area close to the window of the facility for capability control. 4. A number of people detecting means for detecting the number of people for each of the plurality of areas;
4. The demand schedule unit selects a lighting device whose ability is controlled according to the number of people in each area detected by the number of people detecting means and defines a control condition thereof. The demand control system as described in any one. The facility is a commercial facility, and further comprises sales recording means for recording the past sales amount for each area,
5. The demand schedule unit selects a lighting device whose ability is controlled according to a past sales amount recorded in the sales recording unit and defines a control condition thereof. The demand control system as described in any one. The power receiving facility includes an air conditioner,
The demand schedule unit selects an air conditioner whose capacity is controlled in addition to the lighting device and regulates the control condition thereof, and the demand control unit includes the lighting device or the air conditioner according to the demand schedule unit. The demand control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the capacity control is performed.   The demand control unit according to claim 6, wherein the demand schedule unit does not perform the other capacity control when one capacity control is performed among the air conditioners and the lighting apparatuses arranged in the same area. system.

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