JP2009221751A - Crushing-stripping apparatus for sheet-like body, and stripping elimination method for sheet-like body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently eliminate a sheet-like body such as a plastic tile stuck to the surface of a concrete slab together with an adhesive layer part. <P>SOLUTION: A container 41 opened in the lower face is pressed to the surface of the plastic tile or the like stuck onto the concrete surface through an adhesive layer. Insulating water is stored in the container 41, and a plurality of discharge electrodes 46 with positive electrodes and negative electrodes alternately arranged in a row are placed to abut on the plastic tile surface at predetermined spaces. High voltage pulses are applied to these discharge electrodes 46 and propagated into the adhesive layer or into the vicinity of the concrete surface. The plastic tile between the discharge electrodes 46 is thereby crushed, stripped and eliminated from the concrete slab surface. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a thin plate-like body crushing and peeling device and a method for peeling and removing a thin plate-like body, and a thin plate-like body such as a plastic tile laid on an existing concrete slab surface using a high-voltage pulse discharge together with an adhesive layer portion. The present invention relates to a thin plate-like crushing and peeling apparatus and a thin plate-like peeling and removing method that can be efficiently removed.

  The applicant has already proposed a rock and concrete crushing apparatus using high-voltage pulse discharge (see Patent Document 1). The concrete suspending work using high voltage pulse discharge disclosed in Patent Document 1 is such that, for example, a discharge terminal and a ground terminal arranged with a predetermined distance are brought into contact with a concrete surface covered with an insulating fluid, and the discharge terminal side is contacted. A high voltage pulse is applied to crush the surface of the concrete in contact with the discharge terminal and the ground terminal over a predetermined range. The principle of crushing concrete by this high voltage pulse discharge is that water that does not normally act as an insulator but acts as an insulator when a high voltage pulse is applied (hereinafter referred to as a conductor in this specification). However, when the concrete surface is filled with water that is used as an insulator during high voltage pulse action, it is called “water” or “insulating water”. As shown in the diagram, the inside of the discharge path is turned into high-pressure plasma and the concrete is crushed.

  As described above, in order to suspend concrete by high voltage pulse discharge crushing using water (insulating water) that can be used as an insulating material at the time of high voltage pulse action, insulation performance of insulating water is sufficiently obtained. It is preferable to cover the surface of concrete or rock to be crushed with a predetermined water depth.

  By the way, in a general reinforced concrete office building or the like, as a floor surface interior material, a thin plate-like floor material such as a plastic tile is laid on the entire concrete slab surface. For example, a plastic tile is generally a thin plate having a side of 30 to 40 cm and a thickness of about 2 to 3 mm. A large number of plastic tiles are adhered to a concrete surface in a vertical and horizontal direction with a resin adhesive to constitute a flooring. .

  These plastic tiles have a wide range of deterioration and defects due to long-term use, and cannot be adequately dealt with by repair work, or may be replaced entirely during interior work with design changes. In addition, some plastic tiles manufactured in the past have asbestos (asbestos) mixed in the tiles, such as vinyl asbestos tiles. As a work to remove asbestos, the entire tile can be replaced. is there.

  In addition, as a flooring material, an artificial paving stone such as terrazzo, a natural stone plate material or the like is applied to a concrete slab surface through an adhesive layer such as mortar.

JP 2007-154440 A.

  In the above-mentioned general replacement work of thin plastic plastic tiles, old plastic tiles are removed by peeling them from the concrete surface by performing a cleansing work using a flat-shaped tool and finely dividing them with human power and machines. is doing. However, when removing plastic tiles mixed with asbestos, asbestos may be exposed from the fracture surface of the plastic tiles and scattered in the atmosphere if it is removed and removed in the same way as general plastic tiles. is there. Therefore, the plastic tile is peeled and removed while water is sprayed on the surface of the plastic tile so that the asbestos is not scattered. In this method for removing plastic tiles, it is necessary to spray a large amount of water on the floor surface in order to wet the tiles with certainty.

  Similarly, when paving stones are laid using mortar as an adhesive layer, there is no effective means for peeling paving stones and mortar from the concrete surface because of high mortar strength.

  Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to crush and peel the thin plate-like body so that the thin plate such as a plastic tile attached to the concrete floor can be peeled off efficiently. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for peeling and removing a thin plate member.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a container having a lower surface opened, which is pressed against the surface of a thin plate attached to a concrete surface via an adhesive layer, and pressed against the surface. Insulating water is stored in the container, a discharge electrode is brought into contact with the surface of the thin plate-like body at a predetermined interval, and a high voltage pulse applied to the discharge electrode is propagated in the adhesive layer or in the vicinity of the concrete surface. The thin plate-like body between the discharge electrodes is crushed and peeled off.

  It is preferable that the container is provided with a water-stop sealing material at a lower end periphery to prevent water leakage to the outside of the container.

  Preferably, the container is mounted on a travelable main body via a movable support member, and the container is pressed to a predetermined position on the surface of the thin plate-like body by the movable support member as the travelable main body moves. .

  It is preferable that the container has an electrode holder that can move linearly via a guide provided on the inner surface of the container, and the discharge electrode is provided on the lower surface of the electrode holder.

  A circulation pipe of a circulating water system capable of collecting the crushed pieces of the thin plate-like body that has been crushed and peeled is connected to the container, and the water and the crushed pieces collected by the circulation pipe are separated by a solid-liquid separator, Is reused and the crushed pieces are preferably treated as waste solids.

  As a method for peeling and removing a thin plate using the apparatus, a container having a lower surface opened on the surface of a thin plate attached to a concrete surface via an adhesive layer is pressed, and insulating water is put into the container. The discharge electrode is brought into contact with the surface of the thin plate-like body at a predetermined interval, a high voltage pulse is applied to the discharge electrode, and the discharge electrode is propagated in the adhesive layer or in the vicinity of the concrete surface. A thin plate-like body between the electrodes is crushed and peeled off.

  The crushed pieces and water of the thin plate-like body are collected by a circulation pipe, the crushed pieces of water and water are separated by a solid-liquid separator, the water is reused in a crushing and peeling process, and the crushed pieces are discarded solids. It is preferable that the removal treatment is performed.

  According to the present invention, a thin plate-like body such as a plastic tile attached to the surface of a concrete slab can be efficiently removed together with the adhesive layer portion, and at that time, asbestos contained in the plastic tile is prevented from scattering. There is an effect that can be done.

  Hereinafter, the following examples will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings as the best mode for carrying out the thin plate-like body crushing and peeling apparatus and the thin plate-like body peeling and removing method of the present invention.

  In this embodiment, an embodiment in which the thin plate-like body crushing and peeling device of the present invention is used for peeling and removing a plastic tile attached to the surface of a concrete slab using a resin adhesive will be described. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a thin plate-like material crushing and peeling apparatus 10 (hereinafter simply referred to as a tile peeling apparatus 10) according to the present invention, and a concrete slab 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as concrete 1) using the same apparatus. It is the perspective view which showed the state which has removed the plastic tile 3 stuck on the surface via the adhesive bond layer 2. FIG. As shown in the figure, the tile peeling apparatus 10 is roughly composed of a drive main body 20, an insulating water circulation system 30, and a crushing attachment 40 having a container structure. In order to explain these configurations, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the internal configuration of the crushing attachment, and FIG. 3 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of the tile peeling device 10 in which the crushing attachment 40 is operating. Hereinafter, a schematic configuration of the tile peeling apparatus 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the drive main body includes a rubber crawler traveling body 12 having a rubber infinite crawler belt 11 (hereinafter referred to as a crawler 11), and a rubber crawler traveling from a drive source (not shown). By driving the body 12, the entire tile peeling apparatus 10 can freely travel on the floor surface. A crushing attachment support frame 14 is mounted on the mount 13 of the drive main body 20. The crushing attachment support frame 14 includes a link frame 14 a and a bracket frame 14 b that supports the crushing attachment 40. The link arm 14a is operated by expansion and contraction of a hydraulic cylinder rod (not shown), the bracket frame 14b is moved up and down, the crushing attachment 40 supported by the bracket frame 14b is moved to a predetermined position on the floor surface 4, and a predetermined pressing force is applied. The bottom surface of the crushing attachment 40 can be pressed against the floor surface 4. A solid-liquid separator 30 is mounted on the gantry 21. The solid-liquid separation device 30 includes a water storage tank 31 and a solid-liquid separation filter (not shown) that allows the water (insulated water) after work to be circulated from the crushing attachment 40 to pass through the water storage tank. In addition, the water used for the electric discharge crushing after the peeling and removing work of the plastic tile 3, the tile pieces that have been peeled and removed, and the asbestos and adhesive pieces separated and mixed from the tile pieces are separated after crushing. Have. The solid-liquid separated water is collected through the water circulation pipe 32 (see FIG. 2) of the insulating water circulation system, and is reused for discharge crushing again.

  The structure of the crushing attachment 40 is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 2, FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the attachment in a state in which one side surface of the container 41 is cut away so that the installation state of the discharge electrode inside the crushing attachment 40 can be seen. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal configuration and a moving state of an electrode holder described later. The external shape of the crushing attachment 40 is composed of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped metal container 41 having an open bottom surface, and a bracket frame 14b (see FIGS. 1 and 3) of the support frame 14 is attached to the upper part via a pin. By the operation of the support frame 14, it is possible to move up and down (Z direction movement) and horizontal movement (A direction movement) within a predetermined range as shown in FIG. In addition, since the crushing attachment 40 needs to be adhered to the surface of the plastic tile 3 to be peeled and removed while maintaining water tightness, a resin waterproof seal material 49 is attached to the open lower surface of the container 41. Yes. The water sealing material 49 leaks out of the container 41 even when the crushing attachment 40 is pressed from above and is in close contact with the surface of the plastic tile 3 and the container 41 is filled with insulating water (described later) at a predetermined water level. It is supposed not to. In the present embodiment, a silicone resin is used as the waterproof seal member 49 as an elastic molded member having a material that can be deformed following the irregularities on the surface of the plastic tile 3. Other materials such as soft synthetic rubber such as non-vulcanized butyl rubber that exhibits self-adhesiveness, various soft rubber elastomers, urethane elastomers, gel-like soft urethane resins, etc. are used. be able to.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, an electrode holder is accommodated in the container 41 of the crushing attachment 40. The electrode holder 45 is accommodated while being held by the screw rod 42 extending along the longitudinal direction of the container 41 and the guide rail 43 so that the lower surface thereof substantially coincides with the open surface of the crushing attachment 40. Yes. Both ends of the screw rod 42 are held on the end face of the container 41 via a bearing (not shown), and the end of the bearing is covered with a water stop cover 44 in order to maintain water tightness. The electrode holder 45 has a box shape whose width is substantially equal to the inner dimension in the short side direction of the container 41 of the crushing attachment 40, and the screw rod 42 penetrates the upper center thereof, and a slide holding portion 41b is provided at the lower end. The slide holding portion 41b is held by a guide rail 43 formed linearly in the longitudinal direction of the inner surface of the container 41. In this state, a nut (not shown) that is screwed with the screw rod 42 penetrating the electrode holder 45 is fixedly held in the electrode holder 45. For this reason, the electrode holder 45 can move in the X direction (same direction as the moving direction A of the container 41) along the guide rail 43 as the screw rod 42 rotates forward and backward. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the power supply cable 47 is wired from the inner surface of the container 41 to the side surface of the electrode holder 45, supported by a cable holder (not shown). The power feeding cable 47 can smoothly move following the electrode holder 45 moving in the container 41 while being supported by the cable holder.

  Here, the structure of the discharge electrode 46 of the electrode holder 45 is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 2, FIG. 5 (a). Fig.5 (a) is the schematic diagram which looked at the electrode holder 45 from the lower surface. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5A, twelve discharge electrodes 46 are attached to the lower surface of the electrode holder 45. Each discharge electrode 46 is inserted and held in a holding hole (not shown) in the electrode holder 45, and is mounted so that the tip of the electrode is substantially at the same height from the lower surface of the electrode holder 45 (see an enlarged view of FIG. 6). In the present embodiment, six discharge electrodes 46 are arranged in two rows at predetermined intervals. Each discharge electrode 46 is installed at a distance between terminals such that the adhesive layer 2 between the plastic tile 3 and the concrete surface is crushed by a high voltage pulse with the tip in contact with the surface of the plastic tile 3. ing. In the present embodiment, the discharge electrode 46 is made of a copper rod having a terminal tip 46a of φ4 mm, and a shaft portion (not shown) is inserted into a high-density polyethylene resin-coated rod 47 through a substantially conical collar portion 46b. The portions other than the terminal tip 46a and the collar portion 46b are insulatively coated with resin. In this embodiment, the electrode holder 45 includes a known high voltage power source (not shown) having a 100 kV output and a capacitor having a charge capacity capable of applying the high voltage power source as a predetermined pulse voltage. A voltage pulse generator (not shown) is incorporated.

  In the electrode holder 45, the discharge electrodes 46 (the anode electrode terminal 46+ and the cathode electrode terminal 46-: see FIG. 5B) are arranged at a predetermined distance as shown in FIG. . As shown in FIG. 6A, these discharge electrodes 46 are brought into contact with the surface 1 of the plastic tile 3, and high voltage pulses generated at regular intervals are discharged from the anode terminal 46+ side to the tile surface 1. Let At this time, the pulse current is conducted through the adhesive layer 2 on the lower side of the tile surface to the cathode terminal 46- side or inside the concrete near the surface. The tile 3 and the adhesive layer 2 between the two discharge electrodes 46 are thinly crushed by the impact force generated at that time, and the tile crushed pieces and the adhesive layer 2 can be separated from the concrete surface (FIG. 6 ( b)). At that time, the tile fragments and asbestos mixed in the tile are mixed in the water. For this reason, tile fragments and harmful asbestos are not scattered outside the work area. Thereafter, the water as the insulating water can be separated into water to be reused by the solid-liquid separator 30 and waste solids.

  FIG. 5B is a schematic explanatory view schematically showing an arrangement example of the anode electrode terminal 46+ and the cathode electrode terminal 46- of the discharge electrode 46 in the present embodiment, with symbols + and-attached thereto. Thus, by setting the distance between the bipolar terminals to about 30 to 60 mm, it is possible to efficiently perform the electric discharge crushing on the tile and the adhesive layer 2 between the terminals. At this time, by setting the applied pulse voltage to about 100 to 200 kv, the adhesive layer 2 can be peeled without roughening the surface of the concrete 1. For this reason, the concrete 1 is not made uneven. For this reason, the base work at the time of the replacement work of the new plastic tile 3 can be reduced. Further, the number of discharge electrodes 46, the positions of the anode electrode terminals, the positions of the cathode electrode terminals, etc. are not limited to the example shown in FIG. 5 (a), but the tile surface peeling scale, tile strength, adhesive layer 2 can be set as appropriate in consideration of the thickness, adhesive strength, and the like.

  Here, the configuration and operation of the insulating water circulation system 30 will be briefly described. In the crushing attachment 40, a water circulation pipe 32 constituting the insulating water circulation system 30 is provided. The water circulation pipe 32 supplies water (insulating water) into the crushing attachment 40 to a predetermined water depth in the container 41 of the crushing attachment 40 by a pump (not shown) at the start of the tile peeling work. After the crushing operation, the water W mixed with the peeled tiles and the crushing pieces of the adhesive layer 2 is returned to the tank 31 again.

  The water W stored in the crushing attachment 40 is preferably based on normal tap water, and a predetermined proportion of a thickener is added to increase the viscosity of the water W. As a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of water leakage from the gap between the lower surface of the water stop sealing material 49 of the attachment and the tile surface. In addition, as a water, if it does not inhibit the viscosity display of a thickener, a rock spring, an in-situ pumping, etc. can be used suitably. As the thickener, a cellulose-based water-soluble polymer, an acrylic polymer, a vegetable polymer material, and the like that are easily dissolved by adding to the tap water used are suitable. Needless to say, if the tile surface 1 is smooth and the water-tightness of the waterproof seal material 49 can be sufficiently secured, normal tap water can be used without adding a thickener. .

Hereinafter, a procedure for peeling and removing the plastic tile 3 laid on the floor surface 4 will be briefly described.
First, the tile peeling device 10 is moved so that the crushing attachment 40 is positioned at the corner of the peeling range of the plastic tile 3 to be peeled. Since the tile peeling device 10 can be traveled by the rubber crawler as described above, the peeling range becomes a band shape along the traveling direction of the tile peeling device 10, and the adjacent range of the peeled range is further peeled off. By doing so, the plastic tile 3 laid on the entire floor surface 4 of the floor can be peeled off. When the crushing attachment 40 is disposed at a predetermined position, the bracket frame 14b of the crushing attachment 40 is moved up and down by moving a hydraulic cylinder rod (not shown) to move the crushing attachment 40 supported at the tip to the tile surface 4 to be peeled. It can be pressed with a predetermined pressing force. Thereby, the lower end of the container 41 is brought into close contact with the tile surface 4, and water (insulating water) is poured into the crushing attachment 40 to a predetermined depth. The water depth may be at least enough to allow the copper wire portion of the electrode to be submerged, but the water depth is not less than ½ of the distance between adjacent electrodes so that fragments of the crushed material will not be scattered and break the crushed attachment 40. It is preferable that

  From this state, the peeling operation of the tile surface 4 by the high voltage pulse is started. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the discharge electrode 46 is positioned on the lower surface of the electrode holder 45, and the terminal of the discharge electrode 46 is in contact with a predetermined width of the tile surface 4. Therefore, by moving the electrode holder 45 in the direction of the arrow X, the plastic tile 3 can be peeled within the moved range in the crushing attachment 40. The tile fragments generated at this time, some solidified pieces of the adhesive layer 2 peeled from the surface of the concrete 1, and the peeled pieces of the concrete surface are all mixed in the water as a deposit, and the peeling work proceeds. It is deposited on the exposed concrete 1. Moreover, the light and fine asbestos piece is mixed with water, and the water is turbid. Therefore, these deposits and underwater turbid matters are circulated through the insulating water circulation system 30 to the tank 31 through the water circulation pipe 32 by a pump (not shown). A solid-liquid separation filter (not shown) is disposed in the path to the tank 31. By the solid-liquid separation filter, the above-described solid content contained in the circulated water is separated and removed. The water is used as insulating water in the next cycle, and the solid content is recovered from the apparatus as a waste solid, and is transported from the site and processed.

  In the above description, an example in which the thin plate-like body is the plastic tile 3 and the adhesive layer 2 is the resin adhesive, but the thin plate-like body includes ceramic tiles, natural stone paving stones, artificial stone paving stones, etc. In this case, even when mortar is used as the adhesive, by appropriately setting the applied pulse voltage between the discharge electrodes 46, the mortar layer can also be crushed and the paving stone can be peeled off from the concrete surface. Thus, the thin plate-like body crushing and peeling apparatus 10 according to the present invention is not limited to the plastic tile 3 and can be applied to various thin plate-like materials bonded to the concrete surface.

The perspective view which showed the whole structure of the crushing peeling apparatus of the thin plate-shaped object of this invention. The partial notch perspective view which showed the structure of the crushing attachment of the crushing peeling apparatus shown in FIG. The schematic front view which showed the crushing attachment of the crushing peeling apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in the cross section. The state explanatory sectional view of the operating state of the crushing attachment. The schematic bottom view which showed the arrangement | sequence state of the discharge electrode attached to the electrode holder bottom face. The state explanatory drawing which expanded and showed the composition of the discharge electrode and its crushing state.

Explanation of symbols

1 Concrete surface 2 Adhesive layer 3 Plastic tile 4 Floor surface (tile surface)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Crushing peeling apparatus 20 Drive main-body part 30 Insulated water circulation system 40 Crushing attachment 41 Container 45 Electrode holder 46 Discharge electrode

Claims (7)

  A container having an open bottom surface that presses against a surface of a thin plate attached to the concrete surface via an adhesive layer, and stores insulating water in the container pressed against the surface; A discharge electrode is brought into contact with the surface of the thin plate-like body at an interval, and a high-voltage pulse applied to the discharge electrode is propagated in the adhesive layer or in the vicinity of the concrete surface, so that the thin plate-like body between the discharge electrodes is provided. A device for crushing and peeling a thin plate-like body, characterized by crushing and peeling.   The apparatus for crushing and peeling a thin plate-like body according to claim 1, wherein the container is provided with a water sealing material at a peripheral edge of a lower end to prevent water leakage outside the container of the insulating water.   The container is mounted on a travelable main body via a movable support member, and the container is pressed to a predetermined position on the surface of the thin plate-like body by the movable support member as the travelable main body moves. The apparatus for crushing and peeling a thin plate-like body according to claim 1 or 2.   The said container has an electrode holder which can move linearly through a guide provided on the inner surface of the container, and the discharge electrode is provided on the lower surface of the electrode holder. The thin plate-like body crushing and peeling apparatus according to claim 1.   A circulation pipe of a circulating water system capable of collecting the crushed pieces of the thin plate-like body that has been crushed and peeled is connected to the container, and the water and the crushed pieces collected by the circulation pipe are separated by a solid-liquid separator, The apparatus for crushing and peeling a thin plate-like body according to claim 1, wherein the crushed pieces are processed as waste solids.   Pressing a container whose lower surface is opened to the surface of a thin plate attached to the concrete surface via an adhesive layer, stores insulating water in the container, and stores the insulating plate at a predetermined interval. A discharge electrode is brought into contact with the surface, a high voltage pulse is applied to the discharge electrode, and the electrode is propagated in the adhesive layer or in the vicinity of the concrete surface to crush and peel the thin plate-like body between the discharge electrodes. A method for peeling and removing a thin plate-like body.   The crushed pieces and water of the thin plate-like body are collected by a circulation pipe, the crushed pieces of water and water are separated by a solid-liquid separator, the water is reused in a crushing and peeling process, and the crushed pieces are discarded solids. The method for removing and removing a thin plate-like body according to claim 6, wherein the removal treatment is performed as follows.

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