JP2009213017A - Ultrasonic sound source employing streak-mode diaphragm - Google Patents
Ultrasonic sound source employing streak-mode diaphragm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は超音波音源に関し、特に、縞モード振動板を用いる超音波音源に関する。 The present invention relates to an ultrasonic sound source, and more particularly to an ultrasonic sound source using a striped mode diaphragm.
従来から、空気中に強力な音波を放射する音源として、縞モード振動板や格子モード振動板を用いた矩形たわみ振動板型の超音波音源が存在する。このような振動板は、例えば非特許文献１や非特許文献２に開示されている。これらは、大出力容量の空中超音波を高効率で発生できるため、集塵や乾燥等に利用されている。 Conventionally, as a sound source that radiates powerful sound waves in the air, there is a rectangular flexural vibration plate type ultrasonic sound source using a striped mode diaphragm or a lattice mode diaphragm. Such a diaphragm is disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2, for example. Since these can generate high-capacity aerial ultrasonic waves with high efficiency, they are used for dust collection and drying.
このような縞モード振動板では、発生した超音波がそのまま空気中に放射された後減衰されてしまうため、有効に音波エネルギを利用できない問題があった。また、強力音場の範囲も必然的に狭くなってしまう問題もあった。このような問題を解決するために、特許文献１では、縞モード振動板の一側面又は表裏両面側に、板面から放射された超音波を一端に開口した放射口に向けて反射して合成音波と成す反射板と傾斜反射板をそれぞれ設け、各反射板には放射口から放射される合成された超音波を内側に反射してライン状に集束する放物面反射板を連設したものが開示されている。 In such a fringe mode diaphragm, since the generated ultrasonic wave is radiated as it is in the air and then attenuated, there is a problem that the sound wave energy cannot be used effectively. There is also a problem that the range of the strong sound field is inevitably narrowed. In order to solve such a problem, in Patent Document 1, the ultrasonic wave radiated from the plate surface is reflected toward the radiation port opened at one end and synthesized on one side or both sides of the stripe mode diaphragm. Each reflector is provided with a reflecting plate and an inclined reflecting plate, and each reflector is connected with a parabolic reflector that reflects the synthesized ultrasonic wave radiated from the radiation port inward and focuses it in a line. Is disclosed.
しかしながら、特許文献１に開示の超音波音源を含めて、縞モード振動板を用いた超音波音源では、振動源が接続される駆動点はすべて振動板の中心に配置されていた。即ち、振動板の面内に駆動点が設けられるものであった。したがって、駆動点に接続される振動源の共振棒や振幅拡大ホーン等が振動板の中心に配置されることになるためこれが妨げとなり、音源として利用するときに制約を受けるものであった。例えば特許文献１のような反射板を設ける構造の場合、裏面に反射板を設けようと思うと、共振棒等を避けるように反射板に孔を設け、これを共振棒が貫くように構成しなければならなかった。このため、反射板と振動板間に存在してしまう共振棒の影響や、反射板に設けられた孔の影響等により、電気音響変換効率が落ちてしまっていた。 However, in the ultrasonic sound source using the striped mode diaphragm including the ultrasonic sound source disclosed in Patent Document 1, all the drive points to which the vibration source is connected are arranged at the center of the diaphragm. That is, the driving point is provided in the plane of the diaphragm. Therefore, since the resonance rod of the vibration source connected to the driving point, the amplitude expansion horn, and the like are arranged at the center of the diaphragm, this is an obstacle and is restricted when used as a sound source. For example, in the case of a structure in which a reflector is provided as in Patent Document 1, if a reflector is to be provided on the back surface, a hole is provided in the reflector so as to avoid the resonator rod and the like so that the resonator rod penetrates. I had to. For this reason, electroacoustic conversion efficiency has fallen by the influence of the resonance rod which exists between a reflecting plate and a diaphragm, the influence of the hole provided in the reflecting plate, etc.
本発明は、斯かる実情に鑑み、振動板の表裏の区別も無く、超音波音源の利用性を高め、電気音響変換効率も良好な超音波音源を提供しようとするものである。 In view of such circumstances, the present invention aims to provide an ultrasonic sound source that has no distinction between the front and back of the diaphragm, improves the usability of the ultrasonic sound source, and has good electroacoustic conversion efficiency.
上述した本発明の目的を達成するために、本発明による超音波音源は、振動子と振動伝達部とからなる振動源と、振動源による振動に共振して縞モード振動が生ずる振動板と、振動板の一辺から延在し、振動源が接続される駆動点を有する駆動凸部と、を具備するものである。 In order to achieve the above-described object of the present invention, an ultrasonic sound source according to the present invention includes a vibration source including a vibrator and a vibration transmission unit, a diaphragm that resonates with vibrations from the vibration source and generates fringe mode vibration, A driving convex portion extending from one side of the diaphragm and having a driving point to which a vibration source is connected.
ここで、駆動凸部は、縞モード振動の節線と平行な振動板の一辺から延在するものであれば良い。 Here, the drive convex part should just extend from one side of the diaphragm parallel to the nodal line of the stripe mode vibration.
また、駆動凸部は、振動板の一辺の中心から延在するものであっても良い。 Further, the drive convex portion may extend from the center of one side of the diaphragm.
また、駆動凸部は、その振動板から駆動点までの長さが、自然数から０．１を引いた値の倍数であれば良い。 Moreover, the drive convex part should just be the multiple of the value which subtracted 0.1 from the natural number in the length from the diaphragm to a drive point.
また、振動板は、その縞モード振動の節線の間隔に対する節線と平行な一辺の長さが、自然数且つ奇数であれば良い。 Moreover, the diaphragm should just be a natural number and odd number of the length of the one side parallel to the nodal line with respect to the space | interval of the nodal line of the stripe mode vibration.
本発明の超音波音源は、振動板から延在する駆動凸部に駆動点を設けることにより、振動板の面外に駆動点を配置できるため、振動板の表裏の区別無く超音波音源を利用でき、したがって、電気音響変換効率も良好な超音波音源を実現可能であるという利点がある。 The ultrasonic sound source of the present invention can be disposed outside the surface of the diaphragm by providing a driving point on the driving convex portion extending from the diaphragm, so the ultrasonic sound source can be used without distinguishing the front and back of the diaphragm. Therefore, there is an advantage that an ultrasonic sound source having good electroacoustic conversion efficiency can be realized.
以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図示例と共に説明する。図１は、本発明の超音波音源の構成を説明するための斜視図である。図示の通り、本発明の超音波音源は、振動源１と振動板２と駆動凸部３とから主に構成されるものである。図示例では、振動源１は、振動子１０と、振動伝達部１１とから構成されている。振動子１０は、超音波振動を発生させるものであり、高強度で大振幅特性に優れたものが好ましい。振動子１０の具体例としては、例えばランジュバン型振動子や磁歪振動子等が挙げられる。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention is mainly composed of a vibration source 1, a diaphragm 2 and a driving projection 3. In the illustrated example, the vibration source 1 includes a vibrator 10 and a vibration transmission unit 11. The vibrator 10 generates ultrasonic vibration, and preferably has high strength and excellent large amplitude characteristics. Specific examples of the vibrator 10 include a Langevin type vibrator and a magnetostrictive vibrator.
振動伝達部１１は、振動子１０からの振動を駆動点に伝達するものである。振動伝達部１１は、例えば振幅拡大用ホーン１２及び共振棒１３とから構成されている。振幅拡大用ホーン１２は、振動子１０からの振動を拡大するためのホーンである。また、共振棒１３は、縦振動周波数調整用の棒であり、これは振動子１０からの振動周波数を振動板２の共振周波数に合わせるために微調整を行うものである。なお、図示例では振動伝達部１１として、振幅拡大用ホーン１２や共振棒１３を示したが、本発明はこれに限定されず、振動子１０からの振動を振動板２に伝達でき、振動板を共振させるものであれば、振幅拡大や周波数調整はしなくても良い。 The vibration transmission unit 11 transmits vibration from the vibrator 10 to a driving point. The vibration transmission part 11 is comprised from the horn 12 for amplitude expansion, and the resonance rod 13, for example. The amplitude enlarging horn 12 is a horn for enlarging vibration from the vibrator 10. The resonance rod 13 is a rod for adjusting the longitudinal vibration frequency, and performs fine adjustment to match the vibration frequency from the vibrator 10 with the resonance frequency of the diaphragm 2. In the illustrated example, the amplitude transmission horn 12 and the resonance bar 13 are shown as the vibration transmission unit 11. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the vibration from the vibrator 10 can be transmitted to the diaphragm 2. As long as it resonates, it is not necessary to perform amplitude expansion or frequency adjustment.
振動板２は、振動源１による振動に共振して縞モード振動が生ずるものである。図示例の振動板２は、縞モード振動を生ずるべく寸法を構成した矩形状のものである。図示例では、縞モード振動の節線は、長手方向の辺に垂直な方向に現れるものを示している。しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されず、必要により長手方向の辺に平行な方向に縞モード振動の節線が現れるように設計しても良いし、振動板の形状についても必ずしも矩形状のものでなくても良い。 The diaphragm 2 resonates with the vibration generated by the vibration source 1 to generate fringe mode vibration. The diaphragm 2 in the illustrated example has a rectangular shape whose dimensions are configured so as to generate a fringe mode vibration. In the illustrated example, the nodal line of the fringe mode vibration indicates what appears in a direction perpendicular to the side in the longitudinal direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be designed so that stripe mode vibration nodal lines appear in a direction parallel to the longitudinal side if necessary, and the shape of the diaphragm is not necessarily rectangular. Not necessarily.
そして、本発明の超音波音源に用いられる振動板２には、駆動凸部３が設けられている。駆動凸部３は、振動板２の一辺から延在し、振動源１が接続される駆動点３０を有している。ここで、駆動凸部３についてより詳細に説明する。 And the drive convex part 3 is provided in the diaphragm 2 used for the ultrasonic sound source of this invention. The drive projection 3 extends from one side of the diaphragm 2 and has a drive point 30 to which the vibration source 1 is connected. Here, the drive protrusion 3 will be described in more detail.
図２は、本発明の超音波音源に用いられる振動板の上面図である。図中、図１と同一の符号を付した部分は同一物を表わしている。なお、図中の点線は、縞モード振動の節線を表している。図２に示されるように、駆動凸部３は、縞モード振動の節線と平行な振動板２の一辺から延在している。なお、駆動凸部３は、振動板２を切り出して一体的に形成されても良いし、振動板２に後から固定されても良い。図示例では、駆動凸部３は、振動板２の一辺の中心から延在するものを示した。しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されず、振動板２において縞モード振動が生ずる位置であれば、必要により中心からオフセットした位置に設けられても良い。また、駆動凸部は、縞モード振動の節線と垂直な一辺から延在するようなものでも良い。さらに、図示例の駆動凸部３は、振動板２の面と共面のものを示したが、本発明はこれに限定されず、振動板２に縞モード振動が生ずるよう振動が伝わるものであれば、共面ではなく、駆動凸部を例えば曲面状に曲げても良い。 FIG. 2 is a top view of a diaphragm used in the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same parts. In addition, the dotted line in a figure represents the nodal line of stripe mode vibration. As shown in FIG. 2, the driving convex portion 3 extends from one side of the diaphragm 2 parallel to the nodal line of the stripe mode vibration. The driving convex portion 3 may be formed integrally by cutting out the diaphragm 2 or may be fixed to the diaphragm 2 later. In the illustrated example, the driving projection 3 is shown extending from the center of one side of the diaphragm 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the diaphragm 2 may be provided at a position offset from the center if necessary as long as it is a position where the vibration mode 2 occurs in the diaphragm 2. Further, the drive convex portion may extend from one side perpendicular to the nodal line of the stripe mode vibration. Furthermore, although the driving convex portion 3 in the illustrated example is coplanar with the surface of the diaphragm 2, the present invention is not limited to this, and the vibration is transmitted to the diaphragm 2 so as to generate a stripe mode vibration. If there is, it is possible to bend the drive convex part into a curved surface instead of coplanar.
以下、本発明の超音波音源に用いられる振動板及び駆動凸部の設計について説明する。本発明の超音波音源に用いられる振動板２は、縞モード振動を生ずるべく寸法を構成した矩形状のものである。図２に示されるように、縞モード振動の節線の間隔をｄとすると、以下の関係式が成り立つ。
但し、ＣＤは振動板の材料に固有な定数、ｈは振動板の板厚、ｆは共振時に縞モード振動が現れる周波数である。
Hereinafter, the design of the diaphragm and the driving projection used in the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention will be described. The diaphragm 2 used in the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention has a rectangular shape whose dimensions are configured so as to generate fringe mode vibration. As shown in FIG. 2, when the interval between the nodal lines of the stripe mode vibration is d, the following relational expression is established.
Here, CD is a constant inherent to the material of the diaphragm, h is the thickness of the diaphragm, and f is the frequency at which fringe mode vibration appears at resonance.
ここで、節線と垂直な辺の長さをＬ、節線と平行な辺の長さをＷとすると、以下の関係式が成り立つ。
Ｌ＝（ＮＬ−０．５）ｄ
Ｗ＝ＮＷｄ
但し、ＮＬは節数であり自然数、ＮＷは自然数である。
Here, when the length of the side perpendicular to the nodal line is L and the length of the side parallel to the nodal line is W, the following relational expression is established.
L = (N L −0.5) d
W = N W d
However, N L is the number of nodes and a natural number, and N W is a natural number.
上述のような関係式を用いて縞モード振動を生ずるように振動板２が設計される。 The diaphragm 2 is designed so as to generate the fringe mode vibration using the relational expression as described above.
また、図２に示されるように、振動板２の辺から駆動凸部３の駆動点３０までの長さをＬＤＶとすると、以下の関係式のように定義できる。
ＬＤＶ＝Ｎｉｄ
但し、Ｎｉは小数値である。
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when the length from the side of the diaphragm 2 to the driving point 30 of the driving convex portion 3 is L DV , the following relational expression can be defined.
L DV = N i d
However, Ni is a decimal value.
以下、振動板の幅と駆動点端から振動板端までの長さを変化させた場合について検討した実験結果を説明する。なお、実験条件としては以下の通りである。超音波音源の構成としては図１に示したような構成であり、振動子１０として、２０ｋＨｚ用ボルト締めランジュバン型振動子を用いた。また、振動伝達部１１の振幅拡大用ホーン１２としては、太端面の直径が７０ｍｍ、細端面の直径が１０ｍｍ、振幅拡大比が７であるジュラルミン製のエキスポネンシャルホーンを用い、共振棒１３としては、直径１０ｍｍのジュラルミン製の縦振動周波数調整用の半波長共振棒を用いた。これをネジで結合し、その先端に駆動凸部３を有する縞モードたわみ振動板２をネジで結合したものを用いた。振動板２及び駆動凸部３はジュラルミン製の板を切り出して一体的に形成されたものであり、その板厚ｈは３ｍｍである。また、このとき、ＣＤは１５０９ｋＨｚ・ｍｍとし、ＮＬ＝１２一定とした。また、ｆは１９．８ｋＨｚ、ｄは１８．８６ｍｍとした。 Hereinafter, experimental results will be described in which the width of the diaphragm and the length from the driving point end to the diaphragm end are changed. The experimental conditions are as follows. The configuration of the ultrasonic sound source is as shown in FIG. 1, and a 20 kHz bolt-clamped Langevin type transducer was used as the transducer 10. Further, as the amplitude expanding horn 12 of the vibration transmitting portion 11, a duralumin exponential horn having a large end face diameter of 70 mm, a narrow end face diameter of 10 mm, and an amplitude expansion ratio of 7 is used as the resonance rod 13. Used a half-wave resonance rod made of duralumin having a diameter of 10 mm for adjusting the longitudinal vibration frequency. This was connected with a screw, and a striped mode flexible diaphragm 2 having a driving projection 3 at its tip was connected with a screw. The diaphragm 2 and the driving projection 3 are formed integrally by cutting out a duralumin plate, and the plate thickness h is 3 mm. At this time, C D is the 1509kHz · mm, and the N L = 12 constant. F was 19.8 kHz, and d was 18.86 mm.
従来技術のように駆動点が振動板の中心にある場合には、ＮＷの値は自然数で奇数であることが知られている。本発明の駆動凸部による振動板において良好な駆動を行うためのＮＷの値について、上述の実験条件下において検討した。図３は、縞モード振動の節線の間隔に対する節線と平行な辺の長さを変化させたときの音源の電気インピーダンスの大きさの特性を表すグラフである。ＮＷは４から６まで０．１ごとに変えて、共振時に縞モード振動が得られたときの超音波音源の電気インピーダンスの大きさを求めた。同図から、電気インピーダンスはＮＷの値が５のときのみ大きくなり、それ以外では小さいことが分かる。したがって、従来技術のように駆動点が振動板の中心にあるものと同様に、本発明の超音波音源でも、ＮＷの値は自然数且つ奇数とすれば良いことが分かる。即ち、本発明の超音波音源の振動板の設計においては、縞モード振動の節線の間隔に対する節線と平行な辺の長さを、自然数且つ奇数とすれば良い。 When the drive point is at the center of the diaphragm as in the prior art, it is known that the value of N W is a natural number and an odd number. The value of N W for performing good driving in the diaphragm by the driving convex portion of the present invention was examined under the above experimental conditions. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the characteristics of the magnitude of the electrical impedance of the sound source when the length of the side parallel to the nodal line is changed with respect to the interval between the nodal lines of the stripe mode vibration. N W is varied from 0.1 4 to 6, to determine the magnitude of the electrical impedance of the ultrasonic sources when stripes mode vibration is obtained at resonance. From the figure, the electrical impedance increases only when the value of N W is 5, small can be seen in other cases. Therefore, it can be understood that the value of N W may be a natural number and an odd number in the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention, as in the case of the conventional technique in which the driving point is at the center of the diaphragm. That is, in the design of the diaphragm of the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention, the length of the side parallel to the nodal line with respect to the interval between the nodal lines of the stripe mode vibration may be a natural number and an odd number.
次に、駆動凸部を用いて振動板の良好な駆動を行うためのＬＤＶの値について、上述の実験条件下において検討した。図４は、節線の間隔に対する振動板端から駆動点までの長さを変化させたときの超音波音源の電気インピーダンスの大きさの特性を表すグラフである。ＮＷは５とし、Ｎｉを１から３まで０．１ごとに変えて、共振時に縞モード振動が得られたときの超音波音源の電気インピーダンスの大きさを求めた。同図から、Ｎｉの値が１．９と２．９のときに電気インピーダンスが大きくなった。したがって、Ｎｉの値が２から０．１引いた値や３から０．１引いた値のときに電気インピーダンスが大きくなっていることから、駆動凸部の振動板から駆動点までの長さＬＤＶとしては、自然数から０．１引いた値の倍数であれば良いことが分かる。即ち、本発明の超音波音源の振動板から延在する駆動凸部の設計においては、振動板端から駆動点までの長さを、自然数から０．１引いた値の倍数とすれば良い。 Next, the value of LDV for performing good driving of the diaphragm using the driving convex portion was examined under the above-described experimental conditions. FIG. 4 is a graph showing characteristics of the magnitude of the electrical impedance of the ultrasonic sound source when the length from the diaphragm end to the drive point is changed with respect to the interval between the nodal lines. N W is 5, instead of every 0.1 N i from 1 to 3, stripes mode vibration is determined the magnitude of the electrical impedance of the ultrasonic sources when obtained at resonance. From the figure, the value of N i is the electrical impedance becomes large when the 1.9 and 2.9. Accordingly, the length from the electrical impedance becomes large when the value and 3 the value of N i is minus 2 of 0.1 to 0.1 obtained by subtracting the value, to the driving point from the diaphragm of the drive protrusion It can be seen that L DV may be a multiple of a value obtained by subtracting 0.1 from the natural number. That is, in the design of the driving convex portion extending from the diaphragm of the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention, the length from the diaphragm end to the driving point may be a multiple of a value obtained by subtracting 0.1 from the natural number.
本発明の超音波音源では、振動板や駆動凸部を上述のように設計することで、従来と同様の縞モード振動を発生させることが可能となる。そして、本発明の超音波音源では、振動板の表裏面には何も接続する必要がないため、表裏面の区別無く利用することが可能となる。そして、振動伝達部等が振動板上に存在しないので、例えば特許文献１に開示のような、振動板面から放射された超音波を一端に開口した放射口に向けて反射して合成音波とするような反射板を、振動板の表裏に同じように設けることも可能となる。この結果、従来の超音波音源に比べて、電気音響変換効率も良好となり、さらに利用性も高く応用範囲も広い超音波音源が実現可能となる。 In the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention, it is possible to generate the same fringe mode vibration as in the prior art by designing the diaphragm and the driving convex portion as described above. In the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention, since it is not necessary to connect anything to the front and back surfaces of the diaphragm, it can be used without distinction between the front and back surfaces. And since a vibration transmission part etc. do not exist on a diaphragm, the ultrasonic wave radiated | emitted from the diaphragm surface like the indication in patent document 1, for example is reflected toward the radiation opening opened at one end, and a synthetic sound wave and It is also possible to provide such a reflector on the front and back of the diaphragm in the same manner. As a result, compared with the conventional ultrasonic sound source, the electroacoustic conversion efficiency is improved, and further, an ultrasonic sound source with high usability and wide application range can be realized.
なお、本発明の超音波音源は、上述の図示例にのみ限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。上述した具体的な寸法や材質、形状等については、あくまでも単なる一例であり、これに限定されるものではない。 It should be noted that the ultrasonic sound source of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The specific dimensions, materials, shapes, and the like described above are merely examples, and are not limited thereto.
１ 振動源
２ 振動板
３ 駆動凸部
１０ 振動子
１１ 振動伝達部
１２ 振幅拡大用ホーン
１３ 共振棒
３０ 駆動点
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vibration source 2 Diaphragm 3 Drive convex part 10 Vibrator 11 Vibration transmission part 12 Horn for amplitude expansion 13 Resonant rod 30 Drive point
Claims (5)
振動子と振動伝達部とからなる振動源と、
前記振動源による振動に共振して縞モード振動が生ずる振動板と、
前記振動板の一辺から延在し、前記振動源が接続される駆動点を有する駆動凸部と、
を具備することを特徴とする超音波音源。 An ultrasonic sound source that emits ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic sound source,
A vibration source composed of a vibrator and a vibration transmission unit;
A diaphragm in which a fringe mode vibration is generated by resonating with a vibration by the vibration source;
A drive projection extending from one side of the diaphragm and having a drive point to which the vibration source is connected;
An ultrasonic sound source characterized by comprising:
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| JP2015120168A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-02 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Ultrasonic generation device, and smoke exhaust device |
| JP2016149706A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-18 | 学校法人日本大学 | Focused ultrasonic wave generation apparatus |
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