JP2009195115A - Dibbling device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dibbling device which can accurately dibble paddy seeds at high speeds without peeling a coating for the paddy seeds. <P>SOLUTION: This dibbling device manufactured by rotatably disposing a cylindrical rotation roll 3 on a driving shaft 4 in a state facing the seed-discharging position 2a of a container (seed-storing portion 2) for receiving the seeds S of a plant, penetrating and forming a plurality of seed holes 11 through the circumferential face of the rotation roll 3, disposing an inside guide 6 along the inner circumferential face of the rotation roll 3, and disposing an outside guide 5 along the outer circumferential face of the rotation roll 3, and used by filling the seed holes 11 with seeds S in the container 2, rotating the rotation roll 3 along the inside guide 6 and the outside guide 5 to convey the seeds S, and releasing the seeds filled in the seed holes 11 on a sowing surface at a seed-releasing position B, characterized in that the rotation roll 3 is driven by an ununiform mechanism, rotated at a low speed, when the seed hole 11 passes through the seed-discharging position 2a, and rotated at a high speed, when the seed hole 11 passes through the seed-releasing position B. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is a kind of sowing apparatus used for flooded direct sowing work, and relates to a spot sowing apparatus that continuously repeats an operation of releasing a certain number of seeds collectively in one place.

  In recent years, in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry, especially paddy field farming, cost reduction of production has been demanded, and flooded direct sowing cultivation has been carried out as an effective means of cost reduction and cultivation scale expansion in paddy rice cultivation.

  In direct sowing cultivation, seedling production is omitted and seeds are sown directly in a paddy field. If spot seeding is performed, a plant-like rice grows in the same manner as seedling transplantation that has been conventionally performed. By eliminating the need for seedling production in this way, especially in large-scale farmers, it is possible to reduce the labor force and increase the scale. Therefore, flooded direct sowing machines having a sowing mechanism are widely used.

  However, when the conventional seeder is moved at high speed, a difference occurs in the ground contact time of the seeds that fall. Therefore, the seed after grounding extends relatively long in the traveling direction of the sowing machine, so that it becomes a strip sowing that is sown in a linear manner, not a spot sowing that is sown in a dotted manner. Therefore, in order to maintain the spot sowing shape, it is necessary to sow at a low speed, and the work efficiency is low. Under such circumstances, speeding up while ensuring the accuracy of sowing work is important for realizing cost reduction by reducing labor costs and fuel.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, three seed holes are provided in a rotating roll, seeds are dropped intermittently while rotating the rotating roll at a constant speed, and the seeds are forcibly set by a rubber saw-tooth disk installed therebelow. A mechanism of a spot seeding device for hitting and dropping a sachet is disclosed.

JP-A-11-225514

  However, according to Patent Document 1, since the rotating roll rotates at a constant speed, the rotation speed when filling the seed hole with the seed is used as a reference, and sowing is performed at the rotation speed. Therefore, the rotation speed at the time of sowing cannot be increased, and if the speed in the traveling direction is increased, the seeding time of the falling seeds is different as described above, and the seeds are seeded. Therefore, it has been difficult to speed up the sowing operation.

  Rice seeds are usually coated with a powdery oxygen supply agent called calpa. The oxygen supply agent reacts with water to generate oxygen and helps seed germination in flooded soil. However, according to Patent Document 1, there is a case where the oxygen supply agent is peeled off by applying a forced blow with a sawtooth disk at the time of sowing. When the oxygen supply agent is peeled off, oxygen is not sufficiently supplied in the soil, which may hinder germination.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a spot seeding device that can perform seeding at high speed and accurately without peeling off the coating agent for paddy rice seeds.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention faces a seed discharge position of a container containing plant seeds, and a cylindrical rotary roll is disposed so as to be rotatable around a drive shaft.
A plurality of seed holes for filling seeds are formed in the circumferential surface of the rotating roll at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and at least the upper side of the rotating roll along the inner circumferential surface of the rotating roll. In half, an inner guide is provided to prevent the seed filled in the seed hole from falling into the rotary roll, and the seed is released after the seed hole is filled along the outer peripheral surface of the rotary roll. An outer guide is provided to cover the seed hole until reaching the position, the seed in the container is filled into the seed hole, and the rotating roll is rotated along the inner guide and the outer guide to thereby form the seed. In the point seeding device for discharging the seed filled in the seed hole to the seeding surface at the seed discharge position after the transport, the rotating roll is driven by an inconstant speed mechanism, and the seed hole is discharged from the seed At low speed when it passes through the location, to provide a seeding device points, characterized in that the high speed rotation when the seed hole passes through the seed discharge position. The rotating roll rotates at an infinite speed, so that the seeds are filled accurately at a low speed when seeds are filled, and the seeding concentrated at one point can be performed at a high speed when seeds are released.

  The inconstant speed mechanism may be an elliptical gear or a Geneva mechanism.

  It is preferable that a brush is provided that is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating roll immediately after passing through the seed discharge position and for removing seeds protruding from the seed hole. By brushing off the seeds that protrude outward, the seeds are prevented from being crushed or clogged by the outer guide.

  It is preferable that a groove having a depth smaller than the short side dimension of the seed is provided on the outer periphery of the inner guide along the passing position of the seed hole filled with the seed. Even if the outer peripheral side of the seed filled in the seed hole is pressed against the outer guide, there is clearance for the depth of the groove, so the seed is not pressed or subjected to strong frictional force, preventing peeling of the coating agent be able to. Further, since the depth of the groove is smaller than the short side dimension of the seed, the seed does not enter the groove.

  It is preferable that the container is a seed storage unit that receives seeds from a hopper and stores a certain amount of seeds. By providing a seed storage section that stores a certain amount of seeds, the number of seed grains filled in the seed hole can be stabilized.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said seed storage part is a reverse quadrangular pyramid shape. Thereby, the quantity of the seed supplied to a seed hole can be changed by increasing / decreasing the quantity of the seed stored in a seed storage part.

  According to the present invention, seeds can be spotted at a high speed without peeling off a coating agent such as an oxygen supply agent.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 and 2 show the configuration of the spotting device of the present invention. The seeding device 1 includes a seed storage unit 2, a rotating roll 3, a drive shaft 4 that is connected to an inconstant speed mechanism and rotates the rotating roll 3, an outer guide 5 that is disposed along the outer peripheral surface of the rotating roll 3, and a rotating roll. 3 has an inner guide 6 and a brush 7 arranged along the inner peripheral surface.

  The rotary roll 3 has, for example, a cylindrical shape with a diameter of about 120 mm and a width of about 42 mm, and is provided facing the seed discharge position 2 a of the seed storage unit 2. The rotating roll 3 rotates at a non-uniform speed in the direction of arrow R in FIG. 1 by a drive shaft 4 connected to the non-uniform speed mechanism. Details of the non-uniform rotation will be described later. Also, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of seed holes 11 for seed filling are provided on the outer periphery at regular intervals, for example, six at an angular interval of 60 degrees. The seed hole 11 has a groove shape in which the circumferential dimension of the rotary roll 3 is small, and is formed through the outer peripheral surface of the rotary roll 3. The rotary roll 3 is arranged facing the seed discharge position 2a of the seed storage unit 2. In the rotary roll 3 shown in FIG. 1, the seed filling position A where the seed hole 11 is filled with the seed and the seed discharging position B where the seed is discharged are an angle of about 30 degrees from the facing position across the drive shaft 4. It is shifted by. That is, the seed filling position A and the seed discharge position B are shifted from the facing position by an angle that is half the angular interval of the seed hole 11 (60 degrees in the present embodiment).

  The outer guide 5 is provided along the outer periphery of the rotating roll 3 so that the seed filled in the seed hole 11 of the rotating roll 3 does not fall before reaching the seed discharge position B. Therefore, the outer guide 5 is provided along the outer periphery of the rotary roll 3 after passing through the seed reservoir 2 and up to the seed release position B, and covers the outer peripheral side of the seed hole 11.

  A brush 7 is provided at a position immediately after the seed hole 11 has passed through the seed reservoir 2, in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotary roll 3. Although two brushes 7 are provided in FIG. 1, the present invention is not limited to this. The brush 7 is provided between the seed reservoir 2 and the outer guide 5 over the entire width of the seed hole 11 in the direction of the drive shaft 4. With this brush 7, the seeds that protrude from the outer peripheral side are removed immediately before the outer peripheral side of the seed hole 11 is covered with the outer guide 5.

  The inner guide 6 is provided along at least the inner peripheral surface of the upper half of the rotary roll 3 so that the seed filled in the seed hole 11 of the rotary roll 3 does not fall into the rotary roll 3. Further, a groove 12 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the inner guide 6 from the position where the brush 7 contacts the rotary roll 3 to the tip on the seed discharge position B side. The depth of the groove 12 is smaller than the short side dimension of the seed so that the seed does not enter the groove 12. The groove 12 may be formed in the entire width of the inner guide 6 in the direction of the drive shaft 4 or may be formed in the same width dimension as the width of the seed hole 11 in the direction of the drive shaft 4.

  According to the above configuration, the seed filled in the seed hole 11 does not fall in the range where the inner guide 6 is provided, but the position where the outer side of the seed hole 11 is not covered past the tip of the outer guide 5, that is, the seed. When reaching the discharge position B, it is seeded.

  FIG. 4 shows how the seed S is filled from the seed discharge position 2a of the seed reservoir 2 into the seed hole 11, and is a view seen in the direction C of FIG. When the seed S is stored in the seed reservoir 2 by an amount shown in FIG. 4A, for example, the seed hole 11 is filled with the seed shown in black at the seed release position 2a. When only the amount shown in FIG. 4 (b) is stored, the seeds shown in black are fewer than in (a). In this way, by storing a certain amount of seeds S in the seed storage unit 2, the amount of seeds filled in the seed holes 11 can be stabilized. In addition, the amount of seed supplied to the seed hole 11 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the amount of the seed S stored in the inverted quadrangular pyramid-shaped seed storage unit 2. The seed reservoir 2 is provided, for example, connected to a hopper that accommodates the seed S.

  FIG. 5 shows an operation during rotation of the seed hole 11 filled with the seed S.

  As shown in (a), after the seed hole 11 is filled with the seed S, when the rotating roll 3 rotates and the seed hole 11 reaches the position of the brush 7, the seeds protruding from the outer periphery of the rotating roll 3 are As shown in (b), it is wiped off by the brush 7. Thereafter, when the rotating roll further rotates and the outer periphery of the rotating roll 3 comes into contact with the outer guide, the surface of the seed S slightly protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating roll 3 is pressed by the outer guide 5. At this time, since the groove 12 is provided in the inner guide 6, the depth of the groove 12 becomes a clearance dimension with respect to the depth of the seed hole 11, and the seed S can escape in the direction of the groove 12. Therefore, the rotary roll 3 rotates and the seeds S can be conveyed without the seeds S being pressed or a strong frictional force acting on the seeds S.

  In the case of paddy rice seeds, the small diameter of the ellipse is about 3 to 4 mm, and if the depth of the groove 12 exceeds half thereof, the seed S may enter the groove 12, so the depth of the groove 12 is about 2 mm. It is preferable that Rice seeds are usually coated with a powdery oxygen supply agent made from calcium peroxide called calpa. In order to germinate the seeds with certainty, it is important to sow in a state where the oxygen supply agent is not exfoliated. Therefore, in order to prevent the friction force from acting on the seed S, the groove 12 is effective.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the sowing apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration is installed in a vehicle such as a rice transplanter 21 or a tractor, and operates by obtaining a driving force from the rice transplanter 21 or the like via an output shaft 22. A dedicated motor may be provided as a drive source. For example, eight or six planting devices 1 are used in a line in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the rice transplanter 21. The drive shaft 4 is shared by all the seeding devices 1, and an inconstant speed mechanism 23 is connected to an appropriate position of the drive shaft 4, for example, at the center as shown in the figure. As the inconstant speed mechanism 23, for example, an elliptical gear 31 as shown in FIG. 7 is used. Further, for example, intermittent motion using a Geneva mechanism or other means for realizing an inconstant speed mechanism may be used.

  Next, the relationship between the rotational speed and operation of the rotating roll 3 by the seeding device 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 8B shows the relationship between the angle of the position through which the seed hole 11 of the rotary roll 3 passes and the rotational speed at that time, with the upward direction of the seeding device 1 shown in FIG. . As shown in (a), the seed discharge position A is 270 degrees and the seed discharge position B is 120 degrees.

  One cycle is performed at a rotation angle of 60 degrees around the drive shaft 4, and the rotation speed is repeatedly increased and decreased by 6 cycles while the rotary roll 3 makes one round. As shown in (b), at the time of sowing, since there is no difference in release time for each seed, the seed is released in a short time during which the rotating roll rotates at the highest speed. When seeds are filled, it is desirable to rotate at a low speed so that a predetermined amount of seeds is reliably filled in the seed holes 11. Accordingly, the rotation speed is gradually reduced, seed filling is started in the vicinity of the time point at which the lowest speed rotation is performed, and filling is completed by the time point at which the highest speed rotation is achieved. By using an elliptical gear as the inconstant speed mechanism, the rotational speed can be smoothly changed as shown in FIG.

  In the present invention, the sowing interval can be changed by adjusting the number of rotations of the rotating roll 3 with respect to the traveling direction of the rice transplanter on which the spotting device 1 is mounted.

  In addition, the seeding device of the present invention can be used alone as a seeding machine by installing a hopper. For example, by installing the spotting device of the present invention near the discharge port of an existing submerged row seeding machine, Can be used as

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this example. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is understood that it belongs to.

  In the seeding device having the above-described configuration, the sowing state was comparatively observed for both the inconstant speed drive using the elliptical gear and the constant speed drive directly connected to the motor. A seeding device was installed in a rotating earth tub moving at a speed of about 0.5 to 1.0 m / s to release seeds coated with calpa. The distribution shape of the seeds dropped and the number of seed grains were measured using software for measuring the seed distribution from digital camera images. The results are shown in Table 1. As shown in FIG. 9, the X direction indicates the same direction as the traveling direction, and the Y direction indicates the direction perpendicular thereto.

  In the case of the inconstant speed rotation according to the present invention, the seed distribution in the X direction was approximately 20 mm or less. In particular, at the target traveling speed of about 1.0 m / s, the seed distribution range was reduced in the case of non-constant speed rotation compared to constant speed rotation. Furthermore, the peeling rate of the coating agent was reduced from about 10% to about 2%, and the effect of preventing peeling by the groove of the inner guide was recognized.

  The present invention can be applied as an apparatus for spot seeding of various seeds.

The side view of the spot sowing apparatus of this invention. The perspective view of FIG. The perspective view of the rotating roll of FIG. Explanatory drawing of the seed discharge position seen from the C direction of FIG. Sectional drawing explaining the effect of the brush and groove | channel of FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows an elliptical gear. The operation | movement by the spot seeding apparatus of this invention is shown, (a) is sectional drawing which shows the position of a rotation angle, (b) is a graph which shows the relationship between the position of a seed hole and the rotational speed of a rotary roll. Explanatory drawing which shows the distribution direction of the released seed.

Explanation of symbols

1 Seeding device 2 Seed reservoir 2a Seed discharge position 3 Rotating roll 4 Drive shaft 5 Outer guide 6 Inner guide 7 Brush 11 Seed hole 12 Groove 21 Rice transplanter 22 Output shaft 23 Inconstant speed mechanism A Seed filling position B Seed release position S seed

Claims (6)

Facing the seed discharge position of the container containing the plant seeds, a cylindrical rotating roll is rotatably arranged around the drive shaft,
The peripheral surface of the rotating roll is formed with a plurality of seed holes penetrating the seeds at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
An inner guide is provided along the inner peripheral surface of the rotating roll, at least on the upper half of the rotating roll, to prevent the seed filled in the seed hole from falling into the rotating roll,
Along the outer peripheral surface of the rotating roll, an outer guide is provided to cover the seed hole until the seed hole is reached after the seed hole is filled with seed,
Seeds filled in the seed hole at the seed discharge position after the seed in the container is filled into the seed hole, the rotary roll is rotated along the inner guide and the outer guide, and the seed is conveyed. In a spot seeding device that discharges to the seeding surface,
The rotary roll is driven by an inconstant speed mechanism, and rotates at a low speed when the seed hole passes through the seed discharge position, and rotates at a high speed when the seed hole passes through the seed discharge position. apparatus.   The spotting device according to claim 1, wherein the inconstant speed mechanism is an elliptical gear or a Geneva mechanism.   3. The brush according to claim 1, further comprising a brush that is brought into contact with an outer peripheral surface of the rotating roll immediately after passing through the seed discharge position and that removes seeds protruding from the seed hole. The spotting device described.   The groove of the depth smaller than the short side dimension of the said seed is provided in the outer periphery of the said inner guide along the passage position of the said seed hole filled with the seed, The 1st characterized by the above-mentioned. The seeding apparatus in any one of -3.   The seed sowing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the container is a seed storage unit that is supplied with seeds from a hopper and stores a certain amount of seeds.   The seed sowing device according to claim 5, wherein the seed reservoir is an inverted quadrangular pyramid.

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