JP2009191594A - Heat-insulating construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat-insulating construction method, which can prevent wall internal dew condensation and breathe as earth wall with high heat insulating property and connects to attainment of a 100-year or 200-year long-lived dwelling house. <P>SOLUTION: The intercolumnar heat-insulating construction method 1 having a ventilation layer 35 using ventilation passages 12 and 22 extending through a foundation 11 or a girth 21 mainly comprises: an interior facing material 51 for ensuring airtightness, the material having high moisture absorbing and releasing performance and low moisture permeation resistance; a heat insulating material 30 such as a rock wool board or glass wool board; a ventilation layer 35; and an exterior facing material 50 in order from the living room side. With respect to the relation of the interior facing material 51 and the heat insulating material 30, the interior facing material 51 is combined with the heat insulating material 30 lower in moisture permeation resistance value than the facing material 51, whereby moisture is prevented from being collected within the heating insulating material 30. According to this structure, the intercolumnar heat-insulating construction method 1 can breathe as earth wall with high heat insulating property while preventing winter-type wall internal dew condensation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an inter-column heat insulation method for a building such as a house.

In particular, only human beings continue to consume a lot of energy such as enormous amount of oil, coal and natural gas in heating and cooling and automobiles to get comfortable living.
Considering the maintenance of an environment friendly to the earth with few natural disasters, if we continue to consume oil, coal, and natural gas, which are valuable resources that cannot be regenerated, air pollution will increase and global warming will accelerate. . It is said that the possibility of this being hit by natural disasters associated with abnormal weather such as deadly wind and flood damage and desertification is extremely high.
Valuable underground resources such as oil, coal, and natural gas should be used with care, and rather than being used as fuel, it should be directed to creating products for the co-prosperity of coexistence and enrichment of humanity. It can be said that human beings are at a stage where basic indicators must be agreed globally regarding the effective use of global resources.

By the way, in recent years, social needs have been widespread and awareness of global warming is increasing.
Among them, there is a strong demand for convenience and comfort in buildings such as houses, and for example, development of housing construction methods that incorporate many ingenuity related to safety, security, health, healing, and energy saving is underway.
And the idea of promoting the construction of houses that value nature, such as reusing old materials and the 200-year housing concept, has been spreading.
In particular, a long-life housing concept that emphasizes the durability of being able to live in an ancestral house for a long period of time requires high design, but of course, the combination of energy-saving housing with high air-tightness and high thermal insulation will help prevent global warming. I think it leads to suppression.

  Next, most of the current high-air-tightness and high-insulation houses mainly use insulation insulation methods that use a large amount of petroleum-based foamed urethane, polystyrene foam, and the like. It cannot be said that it is a home building method that is friendly to the global environment, such as using many building materials that are difficult to use.

On the other hand, when rock wool or glass wool, which is an inorganic fiber-based heat insulating material that does not burn, is used, a heat insulating method is generally used in which a moisture-proof construction is performed with a moisture-proof sheet to prevent dew condensation in the wall.
However, the moisture-proof construction is strong against winter type condensation, but may cause summer type condensation.
In addition, it is difficult to perform the moisture-proof work completely, and the polyethylene film of the moisture-proof sheet cannot guarantee the durability of 100 years or 200 years. is there.

By the way, as a means for forming the air-permeable layer in the heat insulation method, the attachment of the trunk edge is generally used, and for example, (see Patent Document 1) or the like is known.
However, it cannot be used as a means for forming a ventilation layer in the inter-column heat insulation method.
Japanese Patent No. 3039924

In view of the above circumstances, even when using rock wool or glass wool, which is an inorganic fiber-based heat insulating material that does not burn, it prevents moisture condensation inside the wall without using a moisture-proof sheet and breathes like a dirt wall with high insulation. It is necessary to widely disseminate new insulation methods that can be used.
It is not an exaggeration to say that the lifespan of a house is determined by the quality of measures against condensation. Providing a thermal insulation method that prevents the condensation in the walls and enables high-insulation and 100-year or 200-year long-life houses that can breathe like a dirt wall. .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical means.
First,
In the wall-to-column thermal insulation method, which emphasizes design in the conventional construction method and shows columns, foundations, and torso, the inter-column insulation method has a ventilation layer using a ventilation passage that penetrates the foundation or torso.
Second,
Use the ventilation path that penetrates the base or torso as the ventilation layer,
An interior surface material having high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture resistance,
A lower moisture resistance insulation,
A ventilation layer for venting outside air;
It was made to prevent dew condensation in the wall by adopting an inter-column heat insulation method constructed with exterior face materials.
Third,
Use the first air passage that allows outside air to pass through the base or torso as the first air layer, and the second air passage that conducts under-floor air as the second air layer.
Interior face materials,
A second ventilation layer for underfloor ventilation;
A face material having high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture resistance,
A lower moisture resistance insulation,
A first vent layer for venting outside air;
It was made to prevent dew condensation in the wall by adopting an inter-column heat insulation method constructed with exterior face materials.

  With the composition of the face material and heat insulating material combined in the present invention, even with the inter-column heat insulating method for buildings such as houses, there is no worry of condensation in the wall, and it has a sufficient moisture permeability function that can maintain a long-term semi-permanent and high heat insulating performance Providing long-lived homes that can be made with a heat insulation method that can be made safe, secure, healthy, healing, and energy-saving will lead to global warming countermeasures.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an inter-column heat insulation method using an air passage that penetrates a base or a trunk as an air-permeable layer.
FIG. 2 is an illustration of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of an inter-column heat insulation method using an air passage that penetrates a base or a trunk as an air layer or under-floor air.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram applying the concept of the inter-column heat insulation method of FIG. 3.

First embodiment:
The inter-column heat insulation method 1 illustrated in the schematic diagram of FIG. 1 and the illustration of FIG. 2 is an inter-column heat insulation method 1 in which a ventilation layer 35 is formed by using the air passages 12 and 22 penetrating the base 11 or the trunk 21. It is.
First, the main structure of the inter-column heat insulation method 1 is to ensure airtightness with an interior surface material 51 having high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture permeability resistance from the room side, and then the rock wool board or glass wool board of the heat insulation material 30. Then, it is the inter-column heat insulation method 1 having the ventilation layer 35 and the exterior face material 50.

In the winter season, in the inter-column heat insulation method 1 configured as described above, the moisture flow generated in the living room is appropriately controlled by the interior surface material 51 having high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture permeability. Done.
Since this interior surface material 51 has high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture permeability required as humidity control performance, even if much moisture is generated in the living room by taking advantage of the characteristics, the interior surface material 51 First of all, it is a building material with high humidity control performance that absorbs moisture and properly releases moisture when dried.
Next, excess moisture absorbed in the interior surface material 51 is released from the interior surface material 51, passes through the heat insulating material 30, and is released to the atmosphere through the ventilation layer 35.

Excess moisture absorbed inside by the interior surface material 51 having high humidity control performance passes through the heat insulating material 30 having a moisture permeability resistance lower than the moisture resistance of the interior surface material 51 without passing through in the form of water vapor. This is an inter-column heat insulation method 1 that is released to the atmosphere through the ventilation layer 35.
The relationship between the interior surface material 51 and the heat insulating material 30 as viewed from the moisture permeation resistance value is such that moisture does not accumulate in the heat insulating material 30 by the combination with the heat insulating material 30 having a lower moisture resistance value than the interior surface material 51. The inter-column heat insulation construction method 1 is the inter-column heat insulation construction method 1 that can breathe like a dirt wall with high heat insulation while preventing dew condensation in the winter mold wall.

Next, the exterior face material 50 is a highly waterproof exterior face material 50 that is completely sealed and attached so that rainwater or the like does not enter from the entire circumference in contact with the base, pillar, and trunk.
Therefore, a ventilation layer 35 for ventilating the outside air is provided between the exterior surface material 50 and the heat insulating material 30 using the ventilation paths 12 and 22 penetrating the base 11 or the trunk 21, so that excess moisture in the room Is appropriately discharged to the atmosphere through the interior face material 51 and the heat insulating material 30 so that dew condensation in the wall does not occur.

In the summer season, the flow of moisture causes the flow opposite to that in the winter season by cooling the room.
Humidity enters the walls from the outside air, but the amount of water vapor depends on the difference between the outside air temperature humidity and the temperature and humidity in the room.
The moisture from the outside air passes through the heat insulating material 30 through the ventilation layer 35 and reaches the interior surface material 51.
The heat insulating material 30 and the interior surface material 51 are in contact with each other on the surface, and moisture is absorbed by the interior surface material 51 at the boundary surface between the surface contact portions.
And even if dew condensation occurs on the boundary surface, it is quickly absorbed by the interior surface material 51 having high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture permeation resistance. Yes.

Next, the hole diameters and intervals of the air passages 12 and 22 penetrating the base 11 or the trunk 21 of the inter-column heat insulation method 1 shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 1 and the illustration of FIG. ing.
First,
{Circle around (1)} The widths of the base and torso are secured to the required standard strength corresponding to a typical standard width of 105 mm, and the through passages 12 and 22 are processed using the outside.
{Circle around (2)} The hole diameters of the air passages 12 and 22 that pass therethrough are determined and processed according to the width dimensions of the base and the trunk and the plate thickness of the exterior surface material 50 and the interior surface material 51.
(3) The interval between the air passages 12 and 22 that penetrates is the minimum number that does not impede the moisture absorption and release performance, and is processed at substantially equal intervals to ensure the strength of the foundation and torso.

In the schematic diagram of FIG. 1, since the inter-column dimension is 1820 mm, the width of the base 11 and the trunk 21 is 150 mm, and the exterior face material 50 is 10 mm, the air holes 12 and 22 have a hole diameter of 8 mm and an interval of about 260 mm.
For example, the air passages 12 and 22 are provided at a position 260 mm from the core of the base 11 and the trunk 21, and the air passages 12 and 22 are sequentially provided at an interval of 260 mm.
By setting the hole diameter of the air passages 12 and 22 to 8 mm and the interval to 260 mm, the outside air ventilation amount that does not hinder the moisture absorption and desorption performance is secured while securing the strength of the base 11 and the trunk 21.

Second embodiment:
FIG. 3 shows the first ventilation layer 35 using the first ventilation passages 62, 72, 82 penetrating the base 61 or the trunk differences 71, 81 and the second ventilation layer 36 using the second ventilation passages 63, 73, 83. It is a conceptual diagram of the inter-column heat insulation construction method 2 which has.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram in which the concept of the inter-column heat insulation method 2 in FIG. 3 is applied.
The difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 here is that in FIG. 3 a second air passage 63 communicating with the second air-permeable layer 36 penetrating the base 61 is provided, but in FIG. The air passage 13 is secured by a method in which the first floor joist 40 is slightly higher than the base 11 without providing the air passage.
As a result, in the second embodiment, a non-condensing house can be realized even in an extremely cold region compared to the first embodiment, so that the heat insulation construction cost is high, but the second ventilation layer 36 for underfloor ventilation is provided. The second ventilation layer 36 is temperature-humidity-controlled and air is circulated, and the first ventilation layer 35 is the inter-column heat insulation method 2 that does not condense even in extremely cold regions.

The technical description of the second embodiment from here will be described according to the conceptual diagram of FIG.
First, the circulating air in the underfloor wall is kept at a low humidity, for example, approximately 40% if it can be reduced to 50% or less, from the underfloor to the attic and under the floor through the second ventilation layer 36 in the gap between the interior face material 51 and the face material 52. Air is circulated continuously or intermittently.
This low-humidity air circulation is a residential construction method that can maintain the durability of the building structure for a long time.
The circulation of the low-humidity air can further widen the region where condensation does not occur. Therefore, the inter-column heat insulation construction method 2 is able to create a temperature and humidity environment where the dew point temperature is not reached regardless of the location of the heat insulating portion in the wall.

In the case of winter in the configuration of the inter-column heat insulation method 2, the interior surface material 51 is an interior surface material 51 having a high moisture absorption / release performance capable of maximizing the humidity control effect and a moderately low moisture permeability.
The interior surface material 51 is a building material having a high humidity control performance that can absorb moisture from the excess water vapor generated in the living room and release the water vapor.
Then, excess moisture absorbed inside the interior surface material 51 is released from the interior surface material 51 to the second ventilation layer 36 and diffuses and mixes with the circulating low-humidity air, through the second ventilation layer 36 from the floor to the attic and below the floor. Air circulation to
Accordingly, the foundation 90, the foundation packing 91, and the base 61 are constructed in an airtight structure that does not allow outside air to enter the underfloor space. In this method, air is circulated from below the floor to the attic and below the floor through the ventilation layer 36.

Next, the face material 52 is attached with the second ventilation layer 36 interposed therebetween.
The face material 52 is an important face material 52 that has high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture permeation resistance substantially the same as the interior face material 51 and maintains the airtightness of the house with the face material 52.
The role against moisture is the inter-column heat insulation construction method 2 that secures twice the moisture absorption and desorption capability by providing both the interior face material 51 and the face material 52, and makes use of this to resist condensation.
By providing both the interior face material 51 and the face material 52, in addition to the double moisture absorption and release capacity, the air quality of the second ventilation layer 36 is kept at low humidity so that a non-condensing house can be realized even in extremely cold regions. It has become.

Next, the heat insulating material 30 is provided outside the face material 52 so that excess moisture can be discharged through the first ventilation layer 35 in the state of water vapor.
For example, the heat insulating material 30 is a rock wool board or a glass wool board, and its moisture permeability resistance value is lower than that of the interior surface material 51 and the surface material 52, and moisture can be released from the first ventilation layer 35 without accumulating inside the heat insulating material 30. Inter-insulation method 2 is used, and no dew condensation occurs in the walls.
Further, the exterior face material 50 is a highly waterproof exterior face material 50 that is completely sealed and attached so that rainwater or the like does not enter from the entire circumference in contact with the base, pillar, and trunk.
The relationship between the interior face material 51 or the face material 52 and the heat insulating material 30 as seen from the moisture permeation resistance value is based on the combination of the interior surface material 51 and the heat insulating material 30 having a lower moisture resistance than the face material 52. The inter-column heat insulation method 2 is constructed so that moisture does not accumulate inside, and this structure is the inter-column heat insulation method 2 that prevents the dew condensation in the winter mold wall and can breathe like a dirt wall with high heat insulation.

Further, even in the summer season, even if the room is cooled and a temperature difference from the outside air occurs, the inter-column heat insulation method 2 in which dew condensation in the wall does not occur by keeping the air quality of the second ventilation layer 36 at a low humidity. ing.
Therefore, a house built by the inter-column heat insulation method 2 having the first ventilation layer 35 and the second ventilation layer 36 can realize a non-condensing house even in an area where the temperature difference between winter and summer is extremely different. It can be said that this is an inter-column heat insulation construction method 2 that can cope with the situation where global warming is progressing and climate change is large and temperature change is also large.
In addition, the structure of the inter-column heat insulation construction method 2 that widens the region that does not cause dew condensation regardless of whether it is in winter or summer, the thickness of the interior surface material 51, the surface material 52, or the heat insulation material 30 is considered in consideration of the use situation of the customer. The minimum thickness of the heat insulating material 30 is applied in accordance with the standard for each region division, although it can be individually handled by changing it.

  Further, the advantage of the inter-column heat insulation method 2 of the second embodiment is that air circulation is possible from the under floor to the attic and under the floor through the second ventilation layer 36, so that the temperature and humidity of the circulating air are temporarily circulated at high temperature and low humidity. By operating, for example, it has an insulating material regeneration system that can keep the thermal conductivity value low by performing air drying at a humidity of 30% or less and performing a drying operation that eliminates excess moisture contained in the insulating material 30. It becomes the inter-column heat insulation construction method 2.

In addition, the following modifications are possible without being limited to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention, a rock wool boat or a glass wool board is used for the heat insulating material 30. However, in the case of a heat insulating method in which cellulose fiber or the like is blown, the outer side of the heat insulating material 30 is transparent. It is possible to apply a wet sheet and remove excess moisture through the first air-permeable layer 35, and the present invention is not limited or restricted to the embodiment shown and described.
Further, the hole diameter of 8 mm and the interval of 260 mm of the air passage penetrating through the base and the trunk can be changed such that the width of the base and the trunk is further increased, and is not limited or limited to the above embodiment.
Furthermore, the structure of the face material and the heat insulating material of the inter-column heat insulating method 1 and 2 of the true wall can be used in the heat insulating method of the large wall, and is not limited or restricted by the above embodiment.

Industrial applicability

Development of a long-life house that can maintain the durability of the structure for a long time because the building such as a house constructed by the construction of the inter-column heat insulation method 1 or 2 of the present invention has a breathable wall and does not cause condensation in the wall. Can be linked to promotion.
Highly airtight and highly heat-insulated long-life houses become safe, secure, healthy, healing and energy-saving houses, leading to the development of more innovative residential building methods that are friendly to the global environment.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an inter-column heat insulation method using an air passage passing through a base or a trunk as an air-permeable layer. FIG. 2 is an illustration of FIG. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of an inter-column heat insulation method using an air passage passing through a base or a trunk as an air layer or under-floor air. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram applying the concept of the inter-column heat insulation method of FIG. 3.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Inter-column heat insulation method 2 Inter-column heat insulation method 11, 61 61 Base 12, 22 Ventilation path 21, 71, 81 Trunk 30 Thermal insulation 35 Ventilation layer, 1st ventilation layer 36 2nd ventilation layer 62, 72, 82 1st Air passage 50 Exterior face material 63, 73, 83 Second air passage 51 Interior face material 98 Air circulation blower 52 Face material 99 Dehumidifying air conditioner

Claims (3)

In the thermal insulation method between pillars,
Insulation method between pillars with a ventilation layer that uses a ventilation passage that penetrates the base or torso. Use the ventilation path that penetrates the base or torso as the ventilation layer,
An interior surface material having high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture resistance,
A lower moisture resistance insulation,
A ventilation layer for venting outside air;
The inter-column heat insulation method according to claim 1, comprising an exterior face material. Use the first air passage that allows outside air to pass through the base or torso as the first air layer, and the second air passage that conducts under-floor air as the second air layer.
Interior face materials,
A second ventilation layer for underfloor ventilation;
A face material having high moisture absorption / release performance and low moisture resistance,
A lower moisture resistance insulation,
A first vent layer for venting outside air;
The inter-column heat insulation method according to claim 1, comprising an exterior face material.

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