JP2009190623A - Automobile bumper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automobile bumper capable of efficiently absorbing collision energy upon a light collision and a pedestrian collision regardless of a collision position. <P>SOLUTION: The automobile bumper extends over the whole of a vehicle width direction between a bumper armature 1 and a bumper fascia 2, and is provided with a collision energy absorbing element 3. The collision energy absorbing element 3 is constituted by alternately aligning low reaction force portions 4 having lower reaction forces than that of one side, and high reaction force portions 5 on one side having higher reaction forces than those of the low reaction force portions 4 on the other side. The high reaction force portion 5 has a shape tapering from a base end 5A on the bumper armature 1 side toward a tip 5B on the bumper fascia 2 side, and the base end 5A is formed in a curved shape. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a bumper for an automobile, and relates to a bumper structure in which a collision energy absorber is provided between a bumper armature and a bumper fascia.

For example, a collision energy absorber provided between a bumper armature and a bumper fascia of a bumper for automobiles is made of a lower block made of an elastic material extending in the entire vehicle width direction, and a tip portion is flattened on the lower block. There has been proposed a structure in which a mountain-shaped separated body and an upper block made of the same elastic material arranged at appropriate intervals in the vehicle width direction are described (for example, in Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-208389

  However, in the automobile bumper described in Patent Document 1, since the collision energy absorber has a two-stage structure, the collision energy may not be fully absorbed depending on the collision position of the pedestrian with respect to the bumper.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an automobile bumper that can efficiently absorb the collision energy at the time of a light collision and a pedestrian collision regardless of the collision position.

  The bumper for an automobile of the present invention includes a collision energy absorber disposed between the bumper armature and the bumper fascia extending in the entire vehicle width direction, a low reaction force portion having a reaction force lower than one, and a low reaction force portion of the other. One high reaction force part with a higher reaction force than the reaction force part is arranged alternately, and the high reaction force part is further directed from the base end on the bumper armature side to the tip on the bumper facer side. Tapered shape.

  According to the bumper for an automobile of the present invention, when a collision object having a large contact area such as a flat barrier or a pendulum (a test device for a collision test) collides with the bumper, the high reaction force portion is mainly compressed and deformed. It can absorb the high energy caused by the collision and protect the vehicle with a short stroke amount.

  Further, according to the automobile bumper of the present invention, when the leg portion of the pedestrian collides with the bumper, the tip portion of the high reaction force portion is tapered, so that the leg portion is released in the vehicle width direction and the low reaction force The part can absorb the collision energy and protect the leg part.

  Therefore, according to this invention, it becomes possible to absorb the collision energy at the time of a light collision and a pedestrian collision efficiently irrespective of a collision position.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

“First Embodiment”
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the automobile bumper of the first embodiment when viewed from the rear of the vehicle toward the front of the vehicle, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a collision energy absorber of the automobile bumper of the first embodiment, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a high reaction force portion in the automobile bumper of the first embodiment, FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the collision energy absorber when an input load is applied to the automobile bumper of the first embodiment, and FIG. It is the figure which showed that a high reaction force part rock | fluctuates and moves, when the leg part of a pedestrian collides with the bumper for motor vehicles of embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the automobile bumper according to the first embodiment has a structure in which a collision energy absorber 3 is provided extending between the bumper armature 1 and the bumper fascia 2 in the entire vehicle width direction. Has been. The bumper armature 1 has, for example, a metal square cross section. On the other hand, the bumper fascia 2 is made of an elastic material such as synthetic resin. In FIG. 1, the arrow X is the vehicle width direction, and the arrow Y direction is the vehicle front-rear direction.

  The collision energy absorber 3 includes a low reaction force portion (soft portion) 4 having a lower reaction force than one, and one high reaction force portion (hard portion) 5 having a reaction force higher than that of the other low reaction force portion 4. These low reaction force portions 4 and high reaction force portions 5 are alternately arranged.

  Each of the low reaction force portion 4 and the high reaction force portion 5 is made of an elastic body such as foamed resin, and the magnitude of the reaction force differs depending on the difference in the components of the foamed resin. The low reaction force portion 4 has a lower (smaller) reaction force than the high reaction force portion 5. For example, when the pedestrian's leg collides, the reaction force (elasticity) is such that the leg can be protected. Power). On the other hand, the high reaction force portion 5 has a higher (larger) reaction force than the low reaction force portion 4 and, for example, when it collides with a flat surface such as a flat barrier or a pendulum with a large contact area. The reaction force (elastic force) is sufficient to protect the vehicle.

  The high reaction force portion 5 has a wedge shape or a fan shape in plan view that is tapered from a base end portion 5A on the bumper armature 1 side toward a tip end portion 5B on the bumper fascia 2 side. The front end portion 5B of the high reaction force portion 5 is formed in a V shape in plan view by two inclined surfaces 5a and 5b. On the other hand, the base end portion 5 </ b> A of the high reaction force portion 5 is formed in a curved shape having a curved surface 5 c that is partly in line contact with the bumper armature 1.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the high reaction force portion 5 includes a first line M1 connecting a contact point B between the base end portion 5A (curved surface 5c) that forms a curved shape from the tip end vertex A and the bumper armature 1, With respect to the second line M2 that bisects the high reaction force portion 5 from the tip end vertex A to the base end portion 5A, the position is shifted in the vehicle width direction X. In FIG. 3, the first line M1 of the high reaction force portion 5 disposed on the left side of the vehicle and the high reaction force portion 5 disposed on the right side of the vehicle from the center position in the vehicle width direction of the curved vehicle bumper is a second line. Each is shifted outward in the vehicle width direction with respect to M2. That is, the first line M1 of the high reaction force portion 5 disposed on the left side of the vehicle from the vehicle width direction center position of the automobile bumper is shifted to the left side in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line M2, and is disposed on the right side of the vehicle. The first line M1 of the high reaction force portion 5 is shifted to the right in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line M2.

  The high reaction force portion 5 is swung between the base end portion 5A (curved surface 5c) of the high reaction force portion 5 and the bumper armature 1 when an external input such as a collision is applied to the bumper for the automobile. A space portion 6 is provided for this purpose.

  On the other hand, the low reaction force portion 4 has an arc-like body like the bumper for automobiles, and the high reaction force portions 5 are arranged in slit portions 7 formed at predetermined intervals in the arc-like portion. The slit portion 7 is disposed so that the two inclined surfaces 5a and 5b of the high reaction force portion 5 are in close contact with each other. By disposing the high reaction force portions 5 in the respective slit portions 7, the low reaction force portions 4 and the high reaction force portions 5 are alternately arranged in the vehicle width direction X. In addition, the high reaction force part 5 is arrange | positioned by the space | interval of about 100 mm-200 mm, for example. The arrangement interval of the high reaction force portions 5 is not limited to about 100 mm to 200 mm, and may be 100 mm or less and 200 mm or more depending on circumstances.

  The collision energy absorber 3 formed by alternately arranging the low reaction force portions 4 and the high reaction force portions 5 in this manner is sandwiched between the bumper fascia 2 and the bumper armature 1 to constitute a bumper for an automobile. To do.

  Next, the impact absorbing action by the collision energy absorber 3 when an external input such as a collision hits the automobile bumper of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

  For example, when a collision object 8 having a flat contact area such as a flat barrier or a pendulum collides with a bumper (light collision), both the low reaction force portion 4 and the high reaction force portion 5 are vehicles as shown in FIG. It is crushed back as it is. At this time, the high reaction force portion 5 having a higher reaction force than the low reaction force portion 4 is crushed and compressed and deformed, so that the impact energy from the collision object 8 is absorbed and the vehicle is protected with a short stroke amount.

  On the other hand, when a collision object 9 (9A, 9B) having a small contact area, such as a pedestrian's leg or a leg model impactor, collides with a bumper for an automobile, the impact absorbing action is caused by the collision position. Different. When the collision object 9A collides with a portion corresponding to the low reaction force portion 4, the low reaction force portion 4 having a small reaction force is crushed and compressed and deformed. Since the low reaction force portion 4 has a lower reaction force than the high reaction force portion 5, the low reaction force portion 4 absorbs the collision energy while protecting the leg portion while keeping the load on the leg portion low.

  When the collision object 9B collides with a portion corresponding to the high reaction force portion 5, the high reaction force portion 5 has a wedge shape or a fan shape in plan view, and the first line M1 of the high reaction force portion 5 Since the position is shifted in the vehicle width direction X with respect to the second line M2, and the space 6 is provided between the base end 5A and the bumper armature 1, the arrow F in FIG. When an input load is applied in the direction shown, the high reaction force portion 5 swings as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 5 to dodge the impact object 9B in the vehicle width direction. As the high reaction force portion 5 swings, the colliding object 9B collides with the low reaction force portion 4, and the impact force is absorbed by the low reaction force portion 4 to protect the leg portion.

  In the automobile bumper configured as described above, the collision energy absorber 3 provided extending between the bumper armature 1 and the bumper fascia 2 in the entire vehicle width direction is provided with the low reaction force portion 4 having a low reaction force. And the high reaction force portions 5 having a high reaction force are alternately arranged, so that when the collision object 8 having a large contact area collides with the bumper (light collision), the high reaction force portion 5 is crushed. It can compress and deform, absorb the impact energy, and protect the vehicle with a short stroke amount. On the other hand, when a collision object 9B having a small contact area such as a pedestrian's leg collides, the collision force is absorbed while the load (reaction force) on the leg is kept low by the low reaction force portion 4, Legs can be protected.

  In the automobile bumper according to the first embodiment, the high reaction force portion 5 is tapered from the base end portion 5A on the bumper armature 1 side toward the tip end portion 5B on the bumper fascia 2 side. When a colliding object 9B having a small contact area such as a collision collides with the high reaction force portion 5 in the vehicle width direction, the leg portion can be received and protected by the low reaction force portion 4.

  Further, in the automobile bumper of the first embodiment, the base end portion 5A of the high reaction force portion 5 has a curved shape, so that the high reaction force portion 5 is in line contact with the bumper armature 1, so that external input is performed. In the case of the bumper, the high reaction force portion 5 can swing like a cradle so that the leg portion can be displaced in the vehicle width direction. Thereby, the leg can be received by the low reaction force portion 4 instead of the high reaction force portion 5 to protect the leg portion.

  Further, in the automobile bumper of the first embodiment, the first line M1 connecting the contact point B between the base end portion 5A having a curved shape and the bumper armature 1 from the tip end vertex A of the high reaction force portion 5 is connected to the tip end portion. Since the high reaction force portion 5 is arranged so that its position is shifted in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line M2 that bisects the high reaction force portion 5 from the vertex A to the base end portion 5A, walking When a collision object 9B having a small contact area such as a person's leg collides, a force in a direction of swinging the high reaction force portion 5 is likely to be generated, and the leg portion is applied to the high reaction force portion 5 having a high reaction force. You can dodge.

  Further, in the automobile bumper of the first embodiment, the first reaction line M1 of the high reaction force part 5 is shifted outward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line M2. Force can be generated in the direction of defeat. The leg portion is displaced to the outside of the vehicle by the high reaction force portion 5. However, since the collision energy absorber 3 is generally provided with a camber (curvature), a larger stroke amount can be earned. Therefore, the load (reaction force) on the leg can be reduced, and the leg can be further protected.

  Further, in the automobile bumper of the first embodiment, since the space portion 6 is provided between the base end portion 5A of the high reaction force portion 5 and the bumper armature 1, the high reaction force portion 5 is shaken by the space portion 6. It becomes easy to move, and it becomes easier to dodge the legs.

“Second Embodiment”
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the first line M1 of the high reaction force portion 5 is shifted inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line M2. That is, the first line M1 of the high reaction force portion 5 disposed on the left side of the vehicle from the vehicle width direction center position of the automobile bumper is shifted to the right side in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line M2, and is disposed on the right side of the vehicle. The first line M1 of the high reaction force portion 5 is shifted to the left in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line M2.

  In the automobile bumper according to the second embodiment, the first line M1 of the high reaction force portion 5 is shifted inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line M2, so that the high reaction force portion 5 is tilted to the outside of the vehicle. Can generate force. Although the leg portion is displaced to the inside of the vehicle by the high reaction force portion 5, since the collision energy absorber 3 is generally provided with a camber, a larger stroke amount can be earned. Therefore, the load (reaction force) on the leg can be reduced, and the leg can be further protected.

“Third Embodiment”
In 3rd Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the front-end | tip parts 5B of the high reaction force part 5 are connected by the high reaction force member 10 which consists of the same material as this high reaction force part 5. As shown in FIG. In the first embodiment, the high reaction force portions 5 are independent from each other, but in the third embodiment, the tip portions 5B of the high reaction force portions 5 are connected to each other.

  In the automobile bumper of the third embodiment, even when there is an external input to the bumper, the high reaction force portions 5 can be prevented from falling apart and the load on the collision energy absorber 3 can be made uniform. Can do.

“Fourth Embodiment”
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the contact point B of the high reaction force portion 5 with respect to the bumper armature 1 is displaced inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the tip end vertex A, and the contact point B and tip end vertex This is an example in which a line M <b> 1 connecting A is oriented in the normal direction L of the camber of the collision energy absorber 3.

  In the automobile bumper of the fourth embodiment, the force in the direction of swinging the high reaction force portion 5 is generated as in the first embodiment, so that the legs can be dodged and the high reaction force portion 5 has a contact area. The vehicle can be protected from being directed in the direction in which the large collision object 8 enters.

  The specific embodiment to which the present invention is applied has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view when the automobile bumper according to the first embodiment is viewed from the rear of the vehicle toward the front of the vehicle. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a collision energy absorber of the automobile bumper according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a high reaction force portion in the automobile bumper according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the collision energy absorber when an input load is applied to the automobile bumper according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a view showing that the high reaction force portion swings and moves when a pedestrian's leg collides with the automobile bumper of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a high reaction force portion arranged to be inclined inward in the vehicle width direction according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment, and is a perspective view of a collision energy absorber in which leading ends of high reaction force portions are connected by a high reaction force member. FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment in which a collision energy absorber in which a line connecting the base end portion of the high reaction force portion, the contact point of the bumper armature and the apex of the tip portion is directed in the normal direction of the camber of the collision energy absorber. It is a perspective view of the bumper for cars which had.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Bumper armature 2 ... Bumper fascia 3 ... Collision energy absorber 4 ... Low reaction force part (soft part)
5 ... High reaction force part (hard part)
6 ... Space part 7 ... Slit part 8, 9A, 9B ... Colliding object 10 ... High reaction force member

Claims (7)

In a bumper for automobiles, which is provided with a collision energy absorber extending in the entire vehicle width direction between the bumper armature and the bumper fascia,
The collision energy absorber is configured by alternately arranging a low reaction force portion having a lower reaction force than one and one high reaction force portion having a reaction force higher than that of the other low reaction force portion. A bumper for an automobile, wherein the reaction force portion is tapered from a base end portion on the bumper armature side toward a tip end portion on the bumper facer side. The automobile bumper according to claim 1,
A bumper for an automobile, wherein a base end portion of the high reaction force portion has a curved shape. The automobile bumper according to claim 2,
A first line connecting a contact point between a base end portion that forms a curved shape from the tip end vertex of the high reaction force portion and the bumper armature is connected to the high reaction force portion from the tip end apex to the base end portion. The automobile bumper, wherein the high reaction force portion is disposed so that the position thereof is shifted in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line that is divided into two equal parts. The automobile bumper according to claim 3,
The automobile bumper, wherein the first line is shifted outward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line. The automobile bumper according to claim 3,
The automobile bumper, wherein the first line is shifted inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the second line. The automobile bumper according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
A bumper for an automobile, wherein a space is provided between the base end portion of the high reaction force portion and the bumper armature. The automobile bumper according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The bumper for an automobile, wherein the tip portions of the high reaction force portions are connected by a high reaction force member made of the same material as the high reaction force portion.

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