JP5020519B2

JP5020519B2 - Bumper structure for vehicles

Info

Publication number: JP5020519B2
Application number: JP2006028788A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 篤飯野
Original assignee: Fuji Jukogyo KK
Current assignee: Subaru Corp
Priority date: 2006-02-06
Filing date: 2006-02-06
Publication date: 2012-09-05
Anticipated expiration: 2026-02-06
Also published as: JP2007204016A

Description

本発明は、車両用バンパ構造に係り、特に衝撃吸収部材およびそれを被覆するバンパフェイスを有する車両用バンパ構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a vehicle bumper structure, and more particularly to a vehicle bumper structure having an impact absorbing member and a bumper face covering the impact absorbing member.

近年、車体前部や後部に車幅方向に延在するバンパを上下に平行に配置したバンパ構造を有する車両が種々開発されている。これらの車両用バンパ構造では、通常、上下に配置された発泡樹脂等の材料からなる衝撃吸収部材を被覆するように上下のバンパフェイスがそれぞれ配設されている（例えば、特許文献１、２等参照）。 In recent years, various vehicles having a bumper structure in which bumpers extending in the vehicle width direction are arranged in parallel in the vehicle width direction at the front and rear parts of the vehicle body have been developed. In these vehicle bumper structures, usually, upper and lower bumper faces are respectively disposed so as to cover impact absorbing members made of a material such as foamed resin disposed above and below (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). reference).

そして、このような車両用バンパ構造に歩行者が衝突すると、上下のバンパフェイスと上下の衝撃吸収部材とが変形し、衝突のエネルギを吸収して歩行者へのダメージを軽減するようになっている。 When a pedestrian collides with such a vehicle bumper structure, the upper and lower bumper faces and the upper and lower impact absorbing members are deformed to absorb the energy of the collision and reduce damage to the pedestrian. Yes.

このような車両用バンパ構造では、上下のバンパフェイスが車幅方向両端部では一体化され、車幅方向中央部分には、上下のバンパフェイスの間にラジエータ等に外気を導入するための貫通口が設けられていることが多い。 In such a vehicle bumper structure, the upper and lower bumper faces are integrated at both ends in the vehicle width direction, and a through-hole for introducing outside air to a radiator or the like is provided between the upper and lower bumper faces at the center in the vehicle width direction. Is often provided.

また、これらの車両用バンパ構造では、バンパフェイスは、特許文献１、２等に記載されているように、通常、車体フレームやラジエータを固定するための部材等に取付け具を介して固定される。特に、上側衝撃吸収部材を被覆する上側バンパフェイスはその上面側が、また下側衝撃吸収部材を被覆する下側バンパフェイスはその下面側でそれぞれ固定されることが多い。
特開２００２−２７４２９８号公報特開２００２−２７４４３０号公報 In these vehicle bumper structures, the bumper face is usually fixed to a member for fixing a vehicle body frame or a radiator via a fixture as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and the like. . In particular, the upper bumper face covering the upper shock absorbing member is often fixed on the upper surface side, and the lower bumper face covering the lower shock absorbing member is often fixed on the lower surface side.
JP 2002-274298 A JP 2002-274430 A

しかしながら、このような車両用バンパ構造では、図１０に示すように、歩行者の脚部Ｌやその膝部Ｈが衝突するなどしてバンパフェイスに衝突荷重が加わると、上側バンパフェイス１０１の貫通口側すなわち上側バンパフェイス１０１の下面側が図中矢印で示すように後方に移動してしまうため、バンパフェイス１０１がすぐに内側の衝撃吸収部材１０２に当接してしまう。 However, in such a vehicle bumper structure, as shown in FIG. 10, when a collision load is applied to the bumper face due to the collision of the leg portion L of the pedestrian or the knee portion H, the upper bumper face 101 penetrates. Since the mouth side, that is, the lower surface side of the upper bumper face 101 moves rearward as indicated by an arrow in the drawing, the bumper face 101 immediately comes into contact with the inner impact absorbing member 102.

そのため、バンパフェイス１０１の変形による衝突エネルギの吸収が必ずしも十分に行われないという問題点があった。これは、下側バンパフェイス１０３でも同様であり、下側バンパフェイス１０３に歩行者の脚部Ｌが衝突すると下側バンパフェイス１０３の上面側が後方に移動してしまい、衝突エネルギを有効に吸収できない。 For this reason, there is a problem in that the collision energy due to the deformation of the bumper face 101 is not always sufficiently absorbed. The same applies to the lower bumper face 103. If the pedestrian's leg L collides with the lower bumper face 103, the upper surface side of the lower bumper face 103 moves rearward, and the collision energy cannot be absorbed effectively. .

また、このようにバンパフェイスによる衝突エネルギの吸収量が小さいため、衝撃吸収部材の容積を大きくしてエネルギ吸収効率を上げざるを得ず、車両製造のコストアップや車体重量の増大につながっていた。 In addition, since the amount of collision energy absorbed by the bumper face is small in this way, the volume of the shock absorbing member must be increased to increase the energy absorption efficiency, leading to increased vehicle manufacturing costs and increased vehicle weight. .

本発明は、前記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、バンパフェイスの変形による衝突エネルギの吸収量を効果的に向上させることが可能な車両用バンパ構造を提供することを目的とする。また、本発明は、衝撃吸収部材の容積低減によるコスト削減や車両の軽量化を図れる車両用バンパ構造を提供することも目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle bumper structure that can effectively improve the amount of collision energy absorbed by deformation of the bumper face. Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicular bumper structure that can reduce the cost and reduce the weight of the vehicle by reducing the volume of the impact absorbing member.

前記の問題を解決するために、本発明の車両用バンパ構造は、
車両の車幅方向に延在する固定部材の前面に取り付けられた衝撃吸収部材と、
前記衝撃吸収部材を被覆するとともに、後方に向けて延出した貫通口を形成するバンパフェイスと、
前記バンパフェイスにおける貫通口の後方端部が前記固定部材に対して相対的に移動することを阻止する規制部材とを備える車両用バンパ構造において、
前記衝撃吸収部材は、上側衝撃吸収部材と、前記上側衝撃吸収部材の下方に配置された下側衝撃吸収部材を有し、
前記バンパフェイスの貫通口は、前記上側衝撃吸収部材と前記下側衝撃吸収部材の間に形成され、
前記規制部材には、前記貫通口における前記上側衝撃吸収部材側の後方端部の相対的移動を阻止する当接部を形成するとともに、
前記バンパフェイスは、その前面から前記貫通口の後方端部まで延出する延出面と、前記バンパフェイスの前面とのなす角が鈍角となるように構成されるとともに、
かつ、前記延出面は、前記延出面の後方端部が前記延出面に対して前記上側衝撃吸収部材から遠ざかる方向に屈曲させることで、前記上側衝撃吸収部材と前記延出面とを一定距離離間させ、前記後方端部が前記規制部材の前記当接部に当接するように配置されている。 In order to solve the above-described problem, the vehicle bumper structure of the present invention includes:
An impact absorbing member attached to the front surface of a fixing member extending in the vehicle width direction of the vehicle;
A bumper face that covers the impact absorbing member and forms a through-hole extending rearward,
In the vehicular bumper structure comprising a restricting member that prevents the rear end of the through-hole in the bumper face from moving relative to the fixed member,
The impact absorbing member has an upper impact absorbing member and a lower impact absorbing member disposed below the upper impact absorbing member,
A through-hole of the bumper face is formed between the upper impact absorbing member and the lower impact absorbing member,
Together with the regulation member forms an abutment for preventing the relative movement of the rear end of the upper impact absorbing member side in the through-hole,
The bumper face is provided with extended face extending from its front to the rear end of the through hole, the angle between the front face of the bumper face is configured to be obtuse Rutotomoni,
And said extended end face, said at Rukoto is bent in a direction away from the upper impact absorbing member, fixed distance between the extended face and the upper impact absorbing member rearward end of the extended face is against the extended end face And the rear end portion is disposed so as to abut against the abutting portion of the regulating member .

本発明によれば、車両用バンパ構造を、前方の歩行者等との衝突時にバンパフェイスの貫通口の後方端部が固定部材等に対して相対的に後方に移動することを規制部材により阻止し、バンパフェイスが前方からの衝突荷重により変形を生じるように構成したため、変形により十分に衝突エネルギを吸収させることが可能となる。 According to the present invention, the vehicular bumper structure is prevented by the restricting member from moving rearward of the rear end of the through-hole of the bumper face relative to the fixing member or the like at the time of a collision with a pedestrian or the like ahead. In addition, since the bumper face is configured to be deformed by a collision load from the front, the collision energy can be sufficiently absorbed by the deformation.

また、バンパフェイスの衝突エネルギの吸収効率が優れるため、衝撃吸収部材を、例えばその車幅方向中央部分が肉薄になるように構成することが可能となる。そのため、衝撃吸収部材の容積を低減することが可能となり、それによりコスト削減や車両の軽量化を実現することができる。 Moreover, since the impact energy absorption efficiency of the bumper face is excellent, it is possible to configure the impact absorbing member so that, for example, its vehicle width direction center portion is thin. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the volume of the impact absorbing member, thereby realizing cost reduction and vehicle weight reduction.

以下、本発明に係る車両用バンパ構造の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。 Embodiments of a vehicle bumper structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造の正面図であり、図２は、図１の車両用バンパ構造のＹ−Ｙ線に沿う断面図であり、図３は、図１の車両用バンパ構造の分解斜視図である。本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１は、図１〜図３に示すように、上側バンパ部２と下側バンパ部３とで構成されている。 FIG. 1 is a front view of the vehicle bumper structure according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY of the vehicle bumper structure of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is the vehicle of FIG. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to the present embodiment includes an upper bumper portion 2 and a lower bumper portion 3.

上側バンパ部２には、車幅方向に延在する上側バンパフェイス４が設けられるとともに、上側バンパフェイス４の車両後方側において、車体のほぼ全幅にわたって延在された上側バンパビーム６の前面に、上側バンパビーム６と車幅方向の長さが同等な上側衝撃吸収部材５が固定されている。 The upper bumper portion 2 is provided with an upper bumper face 4 extending in the vehicle width direction, and on the vehicle rear side of the upper bumper face 4 on the front surface of the upper bumper beam 6 extending substantially over the entire width of the vehicle body. An upper impact absorbing member 5 having the same length in the vehicle width direction as the bumper beam 6 is fixed.

上側バンパフェイス４の上面４１は、取付け具等により図示しない車体フレームに固定されている。なお、上側バンパフェイス４の上面４１を例えば上側バンパビーム６に固定するように構成することも可能である。 The upper surface 41 of the upper bumper face 4 is fixed to a vehicle body frame (not shown) with a fixture or the like. Note that the upper surface 41 of the upper bumper face 4 may be configured to be fixed to the upper bumper beam 6, for example.

上側バンパ部２の下方に配置された下側バンパ部３には、車幅方向に延在する下側バンパフェイス１３が設けられている。また、下側バンパ部３には、下側バンパフェイス１３の車両後方側において、上側バンパビーム６に対してほぼ平行に配置された下側バンパビーム８が車体のほぼ全幅にわたって延在するとともに、下側バンパビーム８と車幅方向の長さが同等な下側衝撃吸収部材７が下側バンパビーム８の前面に固定されている。 A lower bumper face 13 extending in the vehicle width direction is provided on the lower bumper part 3 disposed below the upper bumper part 2. Further, the lower bumper portion 3 includes a lower bumper beam 8 disposed substantially parallel to the upper bumper beam 6 on the vehicle rear side of the lower bumper face 13. A lower impact absorbing member 7 having the same length in the vehicle width direction as the bumper beam 8 is fixed to the front surface of the lower bumper beam 8.

上側バンパビーム６および下側バンパビーム８はそれらの後面側で連結部材９により連結されており、連結部材９は、上側バンパビーム後方部分で連結部材を介してサイドビーム１０に固定されたラジエータパネル１１に固定されている。 The upper bumper beam 6 and the lower bumper beam 8 are connected by a connecting member 9 on the rear surface side thereof, and the connecting member 9 is fixed to a radiator panel 11 fixed to the side beam 10 via the connecting member at a rear portion of the upper bumper beam. Has been.

上側バンパフェイス４と下側バンパフェイス１３は、車幅方向両端部にて互いに接続して一体となり、上側バンパフェイス４と下側バンパフェイス１３の間の車幅方向中央部に、ラジエータ等に外気を導入するための貫通口１４を形成している。この貫通口１４は、上側衝撃吸収部材５の下部及び下側衝撃吸収部材７の上部を覆うように、上側バンパフェイス４と下側バンパフェイス１３の前面から後方に延出した筒状に形成されている。 The upper bumper face 4 and the lower bumper face 13 are connected to each other at both ends in the vehicle width direction so as to be integrated with each other, and in the center in the vehicle width direction between the upper bumper face 4 and the lower bumper face 13, outside air is supplied to the radiator or the like. The through-hole 14 for introducing the is formed. The through hole 14 is formed in a cylindrical shape extending rearward from the front surfaces of the upper bumper face 4 and the lower bumper face 13 so as to cover the lower part of the upper shock absorbing member 5 and the upper part of the lower shock absorbing member 7. ing.

このように、上側バンパフェイス４は、上側衝撃吸収部材５をその前部から上部および下部にわたって被覆するように配置されている。 Thus, the upper bumper face 4 is arranged so as to cover the upper impact absorbing member 5 from the front part to the upper part and the lower part.

上側バンパビーム６の前面下部には、規制部材１２が車幅方向に延在するように取り付けられている。規制部材１２は、略直交する板状の第１当接部１２ａおよび第２当接部１２ｂとを備えており、第１当接部１２ａの背面が上側バンパビーム６の前面下部に当接するように上側バンパビーム６に車幅方向両端付近でそれぞれ図示しないボルトで螺着されている。 A regulating member 12 is attached to the lower part of the front surface of the upper bumper beam 6 so as to extend in the vehicle width direction. The regulating member 12 includes plate-shaped first abutting portions 12 a and second abutting portions 12 b that are substantially orthogonal to each other such that the back surface of the first abutting portion 12 a abuts the lower front surface of the upper bumper beam 6. The upper bumper beam 6 is screwed with bolts (not shown) near both ends in the vehicle width direction.

また、規制部材１２は、第２当接部１２ｂが上側衝撃吸収部材５の下端から一定距離離間する下方位置で第１当接部１２ａから前方に突出するように取り付けられている。 The restricting member 12 is attached so that the second contact portion 12b protrudes forward from the first contact portion 12a at a lower position where the second contact portion 12b is separated from the lower end of the upper impact absorbing member 5 by a certain distance.

規制部材１２の第１当接部１２ａおよび第２当接部１２ｂより形成される屈曲部分内側には、図２に示すように、上側バンパフェイス４の屈曲面である下面４３の後方端部４２すなわち車両後方側に延出した貫通口１４の上側衝撃吸収部材５側の後方端部が係止されている。図４は、図２における上側バンパフェイスの下面４３の後方端部４２と規制部材１２との拡大図である。 On the inner side of the bent portion formed by the first contact portion 12a and the second contact portion 12b of the restriction member 12, as shown in FIG. That is, the rear end of the through-hole 14 extending toward the rear side of the vehicle on the upper impact absorbing member 5 side is locked. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the rear end portion 42 of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face and the regulating member 12 in FIG.

規制部材１２の第１当接部１２ａは上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３の後方端部４２に車体後方側から当接し、規制部材１２の第２当接部１２ｂは上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３の後方端部４２に下方側から当接するようになっている。このようにして、上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３の後方端部４２が規制部材１２に係止されている。 The first contact portion 12 a of the restricting member 12 contacts the rear end portion 42 of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 from the rear side of the vehicle body, and the second contact portion 12 b of the restricting member 12 is formed on the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4. The rear end 42 is in contact with the lower side. In this way, the rear end 42 of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 is locked to the restriction member 12.

上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３は、下面４３の後方端部４２を上側衝撃吸収部材５から遠ざかる方向に屈曲部４５を設けている。また、上側バンパフェイス４は、上側衝撃吸収部材５の前部を被覆する前面４４と下面４３との接続角θが鈍角となるように構成されている。 The lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 is provided with a bent portion 45 in a direction away from the rear end portion 42 of the lower surface 43 from the upper impact absorbing member 5. Further, the upper bumper face 4 is configured such that the connection angle θ between the front surface 44 and the lower surface 43 that covers the front portion of the upper impact absorbing member 5 is an obtuse angle.

本実施形態では、上側衝撃吸収部材５は、車幅方向両端部５ａ、５ａにて上側バンパフェイス側に突き出るように肉厚に形成されており、その車幅方向の中央部分５ｂでは規制部材１２の車幅方向の長さに相当する範囲で両端部５ａ、５ａに比べて肉薄に形成されている。 In the present embodiment, the upper impact absorbing member 5 is formed thick so as to protrude toward the upper bumper face at both ends 5a and 5a in the vehicle width direction, and the regulating member 12 is formed at the central portion 5b in the vehicle width direction. In the range corresponding to the length in the vehicle width direction, it is formed thinner than both end portions 5a and 5a.

なお、上側衝撃吸収部材５および下側衝撃吸収部材７は、それぞれ所定のエネルギ吸収特性やつぶれ量特性を有するものであれば、例えば、発泡樹脂やゴム等の弾性材料で形成することができる。また、プラスチックをブロー成形や押出成形により或いは金属材料を板金等により中空構造として前記形状に成形して上側衝撃吸収部材５や下側衝撃吸収部材７を形成することも可能である。 The upper impact absorbing member 5 and the lower impact absorbing member 7 can be formed of an elastic material such as foamed resin or rubber, as long as they have predetermined energy absorption characteristics and collapse amount characteristics. Further, the upper impact absorbing member 5 and the lower impact absorbing member 7 can be formed by blow molding or extrusion molding or molding the metal material into a hollow structure using a sheet metal or the like in the shape described above.

次に、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１の作用について説明する。 Next, the operation of the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to this embodiment will be described.

車両が前方の歩行者に衝突して、図５に示すように、車両用バンパ構造１の上側バンパフェイス４が歩行者の脚部Ｌや膝部Ｈに衝突すると、上側バンパフェイス４は後方に押されるが、上側バンパフェイス４の下面後方端部４２は、規制部材１２の第１当接部１２ａによって、上側衝撃吸収部材５や上側バンパビーム６に対して相対的な車体後方側への移動が規制される。 When the vehicle collides with a pedestrian in front and the upper bumper face 4 of the bumper structure 1 for the vehicle collides with the pedestrian's leg L or knee H as shown in FIG. However, the lower rear end 42 of the upper bumper face 4 is moved toward the rear of the vehicle body relative to the upper impact absorbing member 5 and the upper bumper beam 6 by the first contact portion 12a of the restricting member 12. Be regulated.

なお、この際、上側バンパフェイス４の上面４１においても、前述したように車体フレームや上側バンパビーム６等に固定されているため、上側衝撃吸収部材５や上側バンパビーム６に対する相対的な後方への移動が阻止される。 At this time, since the upper surface 41 of the upper bumper face 4 is also fixed to the vehicle body frame, the upper bumper beam 6 and the like as described above, it moves rearward relative to the upper impact absorbing member 5 and the upper bumper beam 6. Is blocked.

そして、図４に示したように上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３の後方端部４２が下面４３に対して上側衝撃吸収部材５や上側バンパビーム６から遠ざかる方向に屈曲されており、また、同図に示したように下側バンパフェイス４はその前面４４と下面４３との接続角θが鈍角とされている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the rear end portion 42 of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 is bent in a direction away from the upper impact absorbing member 5 and the upper bumper beam 6 with respect to the lower surface 43. As shown, the lower bumper face 4 has an obtuse angle θ between the front surface 44 and the lower surface 43.

そのため、図６に示すように、車両前方からさらに矢印Ａで示されるような衝突荷重が加わると、上側バンパビーム４の下面４３には前面４４との接続角θをより広げようとする矢印Ｂで示される下向きの力が加わる。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, when a collision load as indicated by an arrow A is further applied from the front of the vehicle, the lower bump 43 of the upper bumper beam 4 has an arrow B for increasing the connection angle θ with the front 44. The downward force shown is applied.

そして、規制部材１２の第１当接部１２ａに後方への移動を阻止された後方端部４２も、下面４３に加わる下向きの力によって下方向に、すなわち上側衝撃吸収部材５や上側バンパビーム６から遠ざかる方向に移動しようとするが、その移動が規制部材１２の第２当接部１２ｂにより阻止される。 Further, the rear end portion 42 that is prevented from moving backward by the first contact portion 12 a of the regulating member 12 is also moved downward by the downward force applied to the lower surface 43, that is, from the upper impact absorbing member 5 and the upper bumper beam 6. Although it tries to move away, the movement is blocked by the second contact portion 12b of the restricting member 12.

そのため、屈曲部４５は、図６に示すように、後方端部４２の先端を回転中心とした矢印Ｃで示す回転力が与えられ、これにより、屈曲部４５は、上側衝撃吸収部材５や上側バンパビーム６から遠ざかる方向、且つ後方に移動する。この屈曲部４５の移動に伴って、屈曲部４５の屈曲角度はより小さくなる。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the bent portion 45 is given a rotational force indicated by an arrow C with the tip of the rear end portion 42 as the center of rotation, whereby the bent portion 45 is connected to the upper shock absorbing member 5 or the upper side. It moves in the direction away from the bumper beam 6 and backward. As the bent portion 45 moves, the bent angle of the bent portion 45 becomes smaller.

その結果、上側バンパフェイス４は、図７に示すように、前面４４と下面４３との接続部及び屈曲部４５の双方を変形の起点とした多節折れによる屈曲変形を生じながら有効に衝突エネルギを吸収する。本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１では、このように、衝突時に歩行者の脚部Ｌから衝突荷重を受けると、図１０に示した従来の車両用バンパ構造のように上側バンパフェイス１０１がすぐに後方に移動してしまうのではなく、規制部材１２により後方および下方への移動を阻止されて多節折れによる屈曲変形を生じながら歩行者の脚部Ｌに適度な反発力を及ぼしつつ衝突エネルギを吸収する。 As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper bumper face 4 effectively collides energy while causing bending deformation due to multi-node bending with both the connecting portion between the front surface 44 and the lower surface 43 and the bending portion 45 as the starting point of deformation. To absorb. In the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to the present embodiment, when a collision load is received from the leg portion L of the pedestrian at the time of the collision, the upper bumper face 101 becomes like the conventional vehicle bumper structure shown in FIG. Rather than immediately moving backward, the rearward and downward movement of the pedestrian is prevented by the restricting member 12, causing a bending deformation due to multi-node folding, and applying an appropriate repulsive force to the pedestrian's leg L. Absorb energy.

以上の作用は、ＣＡＥ（Computer Aided Engineering）解析によっても確かめられている。図８は図１０に示した従来の車両用バンパ構造１００における衝突時の上側バンパフェイスおよび上側衝撃吸収部材の衝撃吸収量を表すグラフであり、図９は、図１〜図３に示した本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１における衝突時の上側バンパフェイスおよび上側衝撃吸収部材の衝撃吸収量を表すグラフである。 The above action has been confirmed by CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) analysis. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the shock absorption amount of the upper bumper face and the upper shock absorbing member at the time of collision in the conventional vehicle bumper structure 100 shown in FIG. 10, and FIG. 9 is a graph showing the book shown in FIGS. It is a graph showing the amount of shock absorption of the upper bumper face and the upper shock absorbing member at the time of a collision in the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to the embodiment.

図８、図９ともに、縦軸を衝撃加速度Ｇ、横軸を上側バンパフェイスの変位Ｘとし、衝撃加速度Ｇが０以上の各曲線の内側の面積Ｓが各車両用バンパ構造１、１００のエネルギ吸収特性の数量的特性である衝撃吸収量を表す。なお、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造では、前述のように、上側衝撃吸収部材５の車幅方向中央部分５ｂが両端部５ａ、５ｂに比べ薄肉に形成している。これに対し、従来の車両用バンパ構造１００では衝撃吸収部材１０２として車幅の全幅にわたって断面形状が同一である衝撃吸収部材が用いられている。 8 and 9, the vertical axis is the impact acceleration G, the horizontal axis is the displacement X of the upper bumper face, and the area S inside each curve where the impact acceleration G is 0 or more is the energy of the bumper structures 1 and 100 for each vehicle. Represents the amount of shock absorption that is a quantitative characteristic of the absorption characteristics. In the vehicle bumper structure according to the present embodiment, as described above, the center portion 5b in the vehicle width direction of the upper impact absorbing member 5 is formed thinner than both end portions 5a and 5b. On the other hand, in the conventional vehicle bumper structure 100, an impact absorbing member having the same cross-sectional shape over the entire width of the vehicle is used as the impact absorbing member 102.

図８に示されるように、従来の車両用バンパ構造１００では、下面後方端部を規制していない上側バンパフェイス１０１は、衝突直後から衝突荷重に従ってその下面後方端部が後方に容易に移動するため、衝撃加速度Ｇの増加は非常に緩やかで衝突エネルギをあまり吸収しない。そして、上側バンパフェイス１０１が上側衝撃吸収部材１０２に当接した後、主に上側衝撃吸収部材１０２の変形により衝撃加速度Ｇが徐々に増加して衝突のエネルギを吸収していることが分かる。 As shown in FIG. 8, in the conventional bumper structure 100 for a vehicle, the upper bumper face 101 that does not regulate the lower rear end is easily moved rearward in accordance with the collision load immediately after the collision. Therefore, the increase in impact acceleration G is very slow and does not absorb much collision energy. Then, after the upper bumper face 101 abuts on the upper impact absorbing member 102, it can be seen that the impact acceleration G gradually increases due to the deformation of the upper impact absorbing member 102 and absorbs collision energy.

このように、従来の車両用バンパ構造１００では、衝突エネルギは主に上側衝撃吸収部材１０２が吸収しており、上側バンパフェイス１０１は衝突エネルギの吸収にほとんど寄与していないことが分かる。また、そのため、上側バンパフェイス１０１の車体後方側への変位Ｘが大きくなっている。 As described above, in the conventional vehicle bumper structure 100, the collision energy is mainly absorbed by the upper impact absorbing member 102, and the upper bumper face 101 hardly contributes to the collision energy absorption. For this reason, the displacement X of the upper bumper face 101 toward the rear side of the vehicle body is large.

それに対し、図９に示されるように、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１では、上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３の後方端部４２が規制部材１２により相対的な移動を規制されているために後方に移動できず、衝突直後から上側バンパフェイス４に多節折れによる屈曲変形が生じ、衝突のエネルギを効率良く吸収する。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, in the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to this embodiment, the rear end portion 42 of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 is restricted from relative movement by the restriction member 12. Thus, the upper bumper face 4 is bent and deformed due to multi-node bending immediately after the collision, and the energy of the collision is efficiently absorbed.

また、図９と図８とを比較して分かるように、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１では、衝撃加速度Ｇが０以上の各曲線の内側の面積Ｓが図８の従来の場合とほぼ同等の面積となっている。つまり、本実施形態のように規制部材１２を設けて上側バンパフェイス４における下面４３の後方端部の後方への相対移動を阻止することで、上側衝撃吸収部材５の車幅方向中央部分５ｂを肉薄としても従来の車幅の全幅にわたって断面形状が同一である衝撃吸収部材と同等の衝撃吸収量を獲得することができることが分かる。 Further, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 9 and FIG. 8, in the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the area S inside each curve with the impact acceleration G of 0 or more is the same as that in the conventional case of FIG. The area is almost the same. That is, by providing the regulating member 12 as in the present embodiment to prevent the rear end of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 from moving backward, the central portion 5b in the vehicle width direction of the upper shock absorbing member 5 can be reduced. It can be seen that even if it is thin, an impact absorption amount equivalent to that of the impact absorbing member having the same cross-sectional shape over the entire width of the conventional vehicle width can be obtained.

以上のように、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１によれば、規制部材１２を設け、上側衝撃吸収部材５を被覆する上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３の後方端部４２の上側衝撃吸収部材５や上側バンパビーム６に対する相対的移動すなわち後方への移動を規制部材１２により阻止することで、バンパフェイス４が前方からの衝突荷重により変形して十分に衝突エネルギを吸収させることが可能となる。 As described above, according to the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the upper impact absorbing member of the rear end portion 42 of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 that covers the upper impact absorbing member 5 by providing the regulating member 12. By inhibiting relative movement with respect to 5 and the upper bumper beam 6, that is, backward movement, by the regulating member 12, the bumper face 4 can be deformed by the collision load from the front and sufficiently absorb the collision energy.

これは以下のことが原因と考えられる。すなわち、従来の車両用バンパ構造１００における上側バンパフェイス１０１は、その上面を車体フレームや上側バンパビームで固定されているだけであり、いわば片持ち支持されている状態であったため、前方から衝突荷重が加わると車体フレーム等に対する固定点を中心に回動を生じて衝突荷重を受け止められず、また、変形が生じるとしてもその上面のみに生じるだけで下面では変形が生じないためバンパフェイスの吸収効率が非常に低かった。 This is considered to be caused by the following. That is, the upper bumper face 101 in the conventional vehicle bumper structure 100 is only fixed at the upper surface by the body frame or the upper bumper beam, so to speak, it is in a state of being cantilevered. If applied, it will rotate around a fixed point with respect to the body frame, etc., so that it will not be able to receive a collision load, and even if it is deformed, it will only occur on the top surface and not on the bottom surface. It was very low.

それに対し、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１では、上側バンパフェイス４が上面４１のみならず下面４３もその後方端部４２が規制部材１２の第１当接部１２ａにより後方への移動を阻止されるため、前記従来の車両用バンパ構造１００のように上側バンパフェイス４が車体フレーム等に対する固定点を中心とした回動を生じることなく、その上面４１および下面４３に生じる変形によって効率良く衝突エネルギを吸収するためと考えられる。 On the other hand, in the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the upper bumper face 4 has not only the upper surface 41 but also the lower surface 43 of the rear end portion 42 moved rearward by the first contact portion 12a of the restricting member 12. Therefore, the upper bumper face 4 does not rotate around a fixed point with respect to the vehicle body frame or the like as in the conventional vehicle bumper structure 100, and the deformation caused on the upper surface 41 and the lower surface 43 is efficiently performed. This is considered to absorb the collision energy.

また、規制部材１２に第１当接部１２ａと略直交する第２当接部１２ｂを設けることで、上側バンパフェイス４が前方からの衝突荷重により下面４３が下方に移動して衝突荷重が下方に逃げてしまうことを阻止して、下面４３を効果的に後方に押しつぶし下面４３に変形を生じさせることができる。 Further, by providing the regulating member 12 with the second abutting portion 12b substantially orthogonal to the first abutting portion 12a, the lower bumper 43 moves downward due to the collision load from the front and the collision load is lowered. The lower surface 43 can be effectively crushed backward and the lower surface 43 can be deformed.

さらに、本実施形態のように、上側バンパフェイス４を、その前面４４と下面４３とのなす角が鈍角となるように構成し、上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３の後方端部４２が下面４３に対して上側衝撃吸収部材５や上側バンパビーム６から遠ざかる方向に屈曲するように構成することで、前述したように、上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３において、前面４４付近では下向きの力が、また屈曲部４５付近では上向きの力が加わるようにすることができる。そのため、衝突時の前方からの衝突荷重で上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３に多節折れによる屈曲変形を確実に生じさせ、有効に衝突エネルギを吸収させることが可能となる。 Further, as in this embodiment, the upper bumper face 4 is configured such that the angle formed by the front surface 44 and the lower surface 43 is an obtuse angle, and the rear end portion 42 of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 is formed on the lower surface 43. On the other hand, by being configured to bend in the direction away from the upper impact absorbing member 5 and the upper bumper beam 6, as described above, the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 has a downward force near the front surface 44, and the bent portion. In the vicinity of 45, an upward force can be applied. Therefore, it is possible to reliably cause bending deformation due to multi-node folding on the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 by a collision load from the front at the time of collision, and to effectively absorb collision energy.

また、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１では、前述のように上側バンパフェイス４の衝突エネルギの吸収効率が非常に優れているため、上側衝撃吸収部材５をその車幅方向中央部分５ｂが肉薄になるように構成することができる。そのため、衝撃吸収部材の容積を低減することが可能となり、それによりコスト削減や車両の軽量化を実現することができる。 Further, in the vehicle bumper structure 1 according to the present embodiment, since the collision energy absorption efficiency of the upper bumper face 4 is very excellent as described above, the upper impact absorbing member 5 has a central portion 5b in the vehicle width direction. It can be configured to be thin. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the volume of the impact absorbing member, thereby realizing cost reduction and vehicle weight reduction.

一方、例えば、上側バンパフェイス４の下面４３の後方端部４１を車体フレームや上側バンパビーム６の下面等に直接ボルト締めするように構成した場合、本実施形態と同様の衝突特性を得るためには車幅方向の全幅にわたってボルトの間隔を狭くしてボルト締めする必要があり、部品点数が多くなる。 On the other hand, for example, when the rear end portion 41 of the lower surface 43 of the upper bumper face 4 is directly bolted to the vehicle body frame, the lower surface of the upper bumper beam 6 or the like, in order to obtain the same collision characteristics as in this embodiment, It is necessary to tighten the bolts by narrowing the bolt interval over the entire width in the vehicle width direction, which increases the number of parts.

それに対し、本実施形態では、前述したように、規制部材１２を上側バンパビーム６に車幅方向両端付近の２箇所でボルト締めして取り付けられる。このように、本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造１によれば、１本の規制部材１２と２本のボルトで車幅方向の全幅にわたって一様な衝突特性を得ることができ、部品点数を低減させることが可能となる。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, as described above, the regulating member 12 is attached to the upper bumper beam 6 by bolting at two locations near both ends in the vehicle width direction. Thus, according to the bumper structure 1 for a vehicle according to the present embodiment, uniform collision characteristics can be obtained over the entire width in the vehicle width direction with one regulating member 12 and two bolts, and the number of parts can be reduced. It can be reduced.

なお、本実施形態では、車両用バンパ構造１において上側バンパフェイス４にのみ規制部材１２を設ける場合について述べたが、下側バンパフェイス１３についても、屈曲面であるその上面の後方端部すなわち貫通口１４の下側衝撃吸収部材側の後方端部を係止するように規制部材を設けることが可能であり、上側バンパフェイス４についての上記説明が下側バンパフェイスの場合についてもそのまま適用することができる。また、上側および下側のバンパフェイスの両方に規制部材をそれぞれ設けることも可能である。 In the present embodiment, the case where the restricting member 12 is provided only on the upper bumper face 4 in the vehicle bumper structure 1 has been described. It is possible to provide a restricting member so as to lock the rear end portion on the lower impact absorbing member side of the mouth 14, and the above description of the upper bumper face 4 is also applied to the case of the lower bumper face as it is. Can do. Moreover, it is also possible to provide a regulating member on both the upper and lower bumper faces.

また、本実施形態では、上側衝撃吸収部材５の車幅方向中央部分５ｂを肉薄に形成する場合について述べた。しかし、本発明では、衝撃吸収部材に関しては必ずしもこのような形状である必要はなく、例えば、本実施形態のようにバンパフェイスに規制部材を設け、衝撃吸収部材としては従来のような車幅の全幅にわたって断面形状が同一である衝撃吸収部材を用いることも可能であり、そのような場合も本発明に含まれる。 Moreover, in this embodiment, the case where the vehicle width direction center part 5b of the upper side impact-absorbing member 5 was formed thinly was described. However, in the present invention, the shock absorbing member does not necessarily have such a shape. For example, a restricting member is provided on the bumper face as in the present embodiment, and the shock absorbing member has a vehicle width as in the conventional case. It is also possible to use an impact absorbing member having the same cross-sectional shape over the entire width, and such a case is also included in the present invention.

また、本実施形態では、車両が衝突する対象が歩行者である場合について述べたが、他の車両やガードレール、壁等に衝突する場合にも本発明に係る車両用バンパ構造は有効にその機能を発揮し得る。 Moreover, in this embodiment, although the case where the object which a vehicle collides is a pedestrian was described, the bumper structure for vehicles which concerns on this invention also functions effectively, when colliding with another vehicle, a guardrail, a wall, etc. Can be demonstrated.

本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造の正面図である。It is a front view of the bumper structure for vehicles concerning this embodiment. 図１の車両用バンパ構造のＹ−Ｙ線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the YY line of the bumper structure for vehicles of FIG. 図１の車両用バンパ構造の分解斜視図である。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the vehicle bumper structure of FIG. 1. 図２における上側バンパフェイスの下面後方端部と規制部材との拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a lower surface rear end portion and a regulating member of an upper bumper face in FIG. 2. 前方の歩行者に衝突した本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造を表す図である。It is a figure showing the bumper structure for vehicles concerning this embodiment which collided with the pedestrian ahead. 図５における上側バンパフェイスの下面後方端部と規制部材との拡大図である。FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the lower surface rear end portion of the upper bumper face and the regulating member in FIG. 5. 多節折れによる変形を生じた上側バンパフェイスを表す図である。It is a figure showing the upper bumper face which produced the deformation | transformation by multi-node bending. 従来の車両用バンパ構造における衝突時の上側バンパフェイス等の衝撃吸収量を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the impact absorption amount of the upper bumper face etc. at the time of a collision in the conventional bumper structure for vehicles. 本実施形態に係る車両用バンパ構造における衝突時の上側バンパフェイス等の衝撃吸収量を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the amount of shock absorption of the upper bumper face etc. at the time of a collision in the bumper structure for vehicles concerning this embodiment. 衝突時の従来の車両用バンパ構造を表す図である。It is a figure showing the conventional bumper structure for vehicles at the time of a collision.

Explanation of symbols

１車両用バンパ構造
４上側バンパフェイス
４２後方端部
４３下面
４４前面
５上側衝撃吸収部材
７下側衝撃吸収部材
１２規制部材
１２ａ第１当接部
１２ｂ第２当接部
１３下側バンパフェイス
１４貫通口
θ 下面と前面とのなす角 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle bumper structure 4 Upper bumper face 42 Back end part 43 Lower surface 44 Front surface 5 Upper shock-absorbing member 7 Lower shock-absorbing member 12 Restriction member 12a First contact part 12b Second contact part 13 Lower bumper face 14 Through Mouth θ The angle between the bottom and front

Claims

An impact absorbing member attached to the front surface of a fixing member extending in the vehicle width direction of the vehicle;
A bumper face that covers the impact absorbing member and forms a through-hole extending rearward,
In the vehicular bumper structure comprising a restricting member that prevents the rear end of the through-hole in the bumper face from moving relative to the fixed member,
The impact absorbing member has an upper impact absorbing member and a lower impact absorbing member disposed below the upper impact absorbing member,
A through-hole of the bumper face is formed between the upper impact absorbing member and the lower impact absorbing member,
Together with the regulation member forms an abutment for preventing the relative movement of the rear end of the upper impact absorbing member side in the through-hole,
The bumper face is provided with extended face extending from its front to the rear end of the through hole, the angle between the front face of the bumper face is configured to be obtuse Rutotomoni,
And said extended end face, said at Rukoto is bent in a direction away from the upper impact absorbing member, fixed distance between the extended face and the upper impact absorbing member rearward end of the extended face is against the extended end face The vehicular bumper structure is arranged such that the rear end portion is in contact with the contact portion of the restriction member .