JP2009167744A - Staircase - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a staircase which has an appearance having originality and is easily installed on an existing building. <P>SOLUTION: The staircase has a cantilever structure having a plurality of step plates 35 projecting from a wall shaped support surface 32, lateral holes 38 passing through a base end surface 36 and a leading end surface 37 are formed at the step plate 35, and lug screws 21 with an intermediate hole 24 are screwed thereto. Embedded bodies 11 having a female screw 14 are embedded in the support surface 32. The intermediate holes 24 and the female screws 14 are aligned to be coaxial with each other, and thereafter when bolts 26 are inserted into the lateral holes 38 and are helically engaged with the female screws 14, the step plate 35 is fixed to the support surface 32. This structure has an original appearance for completely covering any part such as the bolt 26, and when the support surface 32 is secured, the staircase is installed at any place. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a staircase suitable for use in a wooden building such as a house.

  In a building with a hierarchy, stairs to move freely between the upper and lower floors are indispensable. In a relatively small building such as a wooden house, as shown in Fig. 7, a tread board is supported by side girders. Stairs are widely used. This structure is excellent in strength and reliability because both ends of the tread plate are inserted into the side girders. Moreover, the plate material is simply cut out into a predetermined shape and assembled at the time of production, and the cost can be suppressed. There are various advantages. In larger buildings such as apartment houses and business establishments, stairs made by combining steel plates by sheet metal processing are widely used.

For residential use, the staircase as shown in FIG. 7 is widely used, but many other staircase structures have been developed. For example, a technique such as the following patent document has been proposed. Of these, Patent Document 1 is a technique that can construct a stair without arranging side girders, and the following Patent Document 2 is a technique that prevents the toes of a foot from coming into contact with the footboard during passage. No. 3 is a structure that supports the tread board in a cantilever manner, and is intended to ensure sufficient mounting strength of the tread board and not to give anxiety to the passerby.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-294191 JP 2004-156307 A JP 2006-132240 A

  Residential housing does not have to simply function as a place of life, and it is necessary to increase the satisfaction of residents in terms of design. Accordingly, there is a demand for the staircase not to have a general-purpose structure as shown in FIG. 7, but to use something unique that impresses visitors. In particular, when installing staircases in the atrium space where the upper and lower floors are open, the sides can be easily seen. Therefore, sufficient consideration is required for aesthetics, and a skeleton structure with an open feeling is adopted. Sometimes. From such a background, a staircase having a novel structure different from the conventional one is desired, and it is preferable that the staircase is simply novel, and it is preferable that there are few restrictions in terms of cost and workability.

  Residential buildings are used in units of decades, and after a certain number of years have passed since the new construction, the living environment of the residents will change, and in addition, deterioration will begin in various places. is there. At that time, if it is a large-scale construction that changes the room layout, a staircase may be newly installed. When a staircase is newly established in this way, side girders such as those shown in FIG. 7 may not be arranged due to restrictions on the surrounding strength and space, and other structures that do not use side girders need to be considered.

  The present invention has been developed on the basis of such circumstances, and has an original appearance and an object of providing a staircase that can be easily installed in an existing building.

  The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-described problems is a tread plate, a support surface that supports the tread plate in a cantilever manner, a lag screw that is screwed into the tread plate, and a tread plate that is embedded in the support surface and receives the tread plate. It consists of a buried body, a bolt for fastening the lag screw and the buried body, and the tread plate has a plurality of lateral holes penetrating the base end face contacting the support surface and the front end face facing the base end face. The lateral hole is screwed with a lag screw in which a spiral protrusion is formed on a side peripheral surface and a medium hole for inserting the bolt is screwed in, and the embedded body is formed on one end surface. The staircase is characterized in that a female screw for screwing the tip of the bolt is formed, and the female screw is embedded in the support surface in a state where the female screw is exposed.

  The present invention is not a structure in which a plurality of treads are supported by left and right side girders, but is a staircase in which treads are attached to a supporting surface one by one, and each tread is held in a cantilever manner. The support surface is a vertically extending surface for attaching the tread board, and may have any form as long as it has a strength capable of safely holding the tread board, and various wall surfaces can be used freely. Further, when existing wall surfaces cannot be used, climbing beams can be arranged so as to connect downstairs and upstairs, or a plurality of columns can be arranged at narrow intervals, and these side surfaces can be used as support surfaces. And a lag screw, a buried body, and a bolt are used for fastening of a support surface and a tread board.

  Like a conventional wooden staircase, the tread is a piece of wood cut into a rectangular shape, one of the short sides of which is in contact with the support surface, and the surface facing this is not subject to any restrictions. In the present invention, of the both end faces (when viewed from the width direction) of the tread plate, the one that contacts the support surface is defined as the base end face, and the opposite face is defined as the tip end face. Further, the horizontal holes are formed so as to penetrate the front end surface and the base end surface of the tread plate, and it is necessary to secure at least two rows with a certain space in the horizontal direction for one tread plate.

  A lag screw has a spiral ridge formed on the side peripheral surface of a steel round bar, is used by being screwed into a lateral hole of a tread plate, and has the same appearance as a general-purpose product. As the spiral ridges bite into the tread plate, strong friction is generated between the two, and the lag screw is fixed in a stationary state. Further, since the ridge is formed over the entire circumference, the load transmitted between the footboard and the lag screw is dispersed over a wide range. In addition, in the center portion of the lag screw, an inner hole is formed through the both end surfaces in order to insert the screw portion of the bolt. The lag screw will continue to be screwed in until all or most of it is buried in the footboard.

  The embedded body is used by being embedded in a support surface, and has an internal thread for screwing a bolt on its end surface, and has a function of transmitting a load acting on the tread to the support surface. is there. Of course, the buried body is arranged in a stepped manner corresponding to the tread, and the female screw needs to be aligned with the lag screw screwed into the lateral hole of the tread. The specific shape of the buried body is arbitrary. For example, when placing a new support surface, a long nut or the like may be embedded, and when using an existing concrete surface, Use anchors. Furthermore, when the wall surface is made of wood, a lag screw or the like can be used.

  The bolt is used to attach the tread plate to the support surface, and is inserted from a lateral hole on the front end surface side of the tread plate, and the screw portion is screwed into the female screw of the embedded body through the inner hole of the lag screw. Thereafter, by tightening the bolt, the base end surface of the tread plate is pressed against the support surface, and the tread plate is firmly fixed. Of course, the bolt needs to have a length that can penetrate the lag screw and a strength that can withstand an assumed load. It should be noted that the lag screw is not necessarily in contact with the embedded body at the stage where the bolts have been tightened, and a gap may be formed.

  By configuring in this way, the tread is fixed to the support surface with only the bolts inserted therein, so that the metal fittings are not exposed to the outside at all, and an extremely orderly aesthetic feeling is obtained. Further, the present invention supports the tread board with a complete cantilever, and its appearance is greatly different from a general form using side girders. Moreover, since the tread board is cantilevered, it can be installed in any place as long as there is a strong wall surface, and even if there is no wall surface that can be used, it can be installed if a single climbing beam can be arranged.

  The invention described in claim 2 relates to the screwing of the lag screw, and the lag screw is screwed into the base end face side of the lateral hole. The lag screw can be screwed into both the base end face side and the tip end face side of the horizontal hole, but by limiting to the base end face side as in the present invention, the gap between the embedded body and the lag screw is reduced, acting on the bolt. Bending moment can be suppressed. When the lag screw has been screwed in, the end face of the lag screw does not necessarily have to coincide with the base end face of the tread plate, and may protrude or sink to some extent from the end face.

  As in the first aspect of the present invention, an embedded body is embedded in a support surface having a predetermined strength, a lag screw is screwed into the tread plate, a bolt is inserted into the lag screw, and the tip is embedded in the embedded body. A unique staircase in which the footboard is supported in a cantilevered manner can be constructed by screwing it in and fixing the footboard. In addition, it is not just a cantilevered staircase, but the parts for attaching the treads are not exposed to the outside, and the support surface and the treadle are integrated into a very simple shape. I can respond. For a staircase with a width of about 1 m, if the thickness of the tread board is 6 cm and a bolt of nominal size M16 is used, a predetermined strength can be secured without difficulty, and deformation can be suppressed to an unrecognizable level. There is no problem. In addition, the present invention has a simple structure that supports the tread board in a cantilevered manner, and can easily reduce the cost. Further, if the embedded body can be embedded, it can be installed in various places, even if there is no strong wall surface. As long as one climbing beam can be installed, a plurality of other pillars can be arranged and this side surface can be used as a support surface. Therefore, there are few restrictions when installing staircases, and it is easy to install new staircases in existing buildings due to renovations.

  As in the second aspect of the invention, the gap between the buried body and the lag screw is narrowed by screwing the lag screw into the base end face side of the horizontal hole. Therefore, the bending moment acting on the bolt is alleviated, and the rigidity of the footboard is further improved.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a staircase according to the present invention. In the stairs according to the present invention, there is no difference from the prior art in that the treads 35 are continuously arranged at equal intervals, but each tread 35 is supported by only one climbing beam 31. In the drawing, only the periphery of one step board 35 is extracted and drawn, not the entire stairs. The climbing beam 31 is a wooden bar having a large cross section that connects the upper and lower floors in an oblique direction. One of the side surfaces of the climbing beam 31 is defined as a support surface 32, and all the footboards 35 are fixed to the support surface 32. Is done. The tread board 35 is obtained by cutting a piece of wood into a rectangular shape. The tread board 35 is long in the width direction when viewed from the pedestrian of the stairs, is short in the depth direction, and comes into contact with the support surface 32 when viewed from the width direction. As for the tread plate 35, the base end surface 36 is defined as the side in contact with the support surface 32, and the front end surface 37 is defined as the side projecting in the air on the opposite side. In order to integrate the climbing beam 31 and the footboard 35, the buried body 11, the lag screw 21 and the bolt 26 are interposed in the vicinity of the boundary between them.

  In order to insert the lag screw 21 and the bolt 26 into the tread plate 35, a lateral hole 38 is formed through the base end surface 36 and the distal end surface 37. The lag screw 21 is located on the side of the base end surface 36 of the lateral hole 38. The bolt 26 is inserted from the front end surface 37 side. The lag screw 21 to be screwed into the lateral hole 38 has the same appearance as a lag screw that is generally circulated, and is made of a columnar steel material, and a spiral ridge 22 is formed on the side peripheral surface. Further, a hexagonal portion 23 for hanging tools is provided on one end surface, and in addition, an inner hole 24 penetrating the both end surfaces is formed to allow the threaded portion of the bolt 26 to pass therethrough. Note that the inner diameter of the lateral hole 38 is equivalent to the diameter of the lag screw 21 excluding the ridges 22, and only the ridges 22 need to pierce the wood part. When the lag screw 21 is screwed, when the side without the hexagonal portion 23 is brought into contact with the lateral hole 38 on the base end face 36 side and the hexagonal portion 23 is rotated by applying a tool, the propulsive force by the ridge 22 As a result, the whole is drawn into the lateral hole 38. The lag screw 21 that has been screwed in is firmly integrated with the tread plate 35 by friction caused by the ridges 22.

  In order to receive the tread plate 35 on the support surface 32 of the climbing beam 31, it is necessary to embed the embedded body 11 at a predetermined position. In this figure, since the climbing beam 31 is made of wood, the buried body 11 is equivalent to the lag screw 21 used in the tread plate 35, and the ridges 12 are formed on the side peripheral surface thereof. A hexagonal portion 13 for hooking a tool is provided on one end surface of the embedded body 11, and a female screw 14 extending in the axial direction is formed at the center thereof, so that the tip end portion of the bolt 26 can be screwed together. In order to screw the buried body 11 into the climbing beam 31, it is necessary to process a pilot hole 33 in the support surface 32 in advance, and the position of the pilot hole 33 is adjusted so as to be concentric with the lag screw 21 screwed into the tread plate 35. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the level so that the tread plate 35 does not tilt. The embedded body 11 screwed into the lower hole 33 is firmly integrated with the climbing beam 31 by friction caused by the ridges 12.

  After the embedded body 11 is embedded in the climbing beam 31 and the lag screw 21 is screwed into the tread plate 35, the embedded body 11 and the lag screw 21 are aligned concentrically, and then the bolt 26 is attached from the front end surface 37 side of the tread plate 35. When the screw portion is inserted into the inner hole 24 of the lag screw 21 and then screwed into the female screw 14 of the embedded body 11 and tightened, the head of the bolt 26 presses the end surface of the lag screw 21. Therefore, the base end surface 36 of the footboard 35 is in close contact with the support surface 32 of the climbing beam 31, and the footboard 35 is firmly integrated with the climbing beam 31. The horizontal holes 38 formed in the tread plate 35 need at least two places as shown in this figure in order to attach the tread plate 35 stably. Further, depending on the size of the tread plate 35 and the applied load, the lateral hole 38 may be further increased. Also good. In addition, although the inner diameter of the horizontal hole 38 shown in the figure is unchanged as a whole, it may be different on the base end face 36 side and the front end face 37 side as long as the screwing of the lag screw 21 and the insertion of the bolt 26 are not hindered.

  FIG. 2 shows a state where the embedded body 11 and the lag screw 21 shown in FIG. The lag screw 21 is screwed into the base end face 36 side of the lateral hole 38 formed in the tread plate 35, and there is no step between the end face of the lag screw 21 and the base end face 36. The embedded body 11 is screwed into the lower hole 33 of the climbing beam 31, and there is no step between the end surface of the embedded body 11 and the support surface 32. Since the tread plate 35 is continuously arranged at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction, the lower hole 33 is also continuously formed in the vertical direction as shown in the figure. The bolt 26 is inserted into the lateral hole 38 after the base end surface 36 of the tread plate 35 is brought into contact with the support surface 32 of the climbing beam 31.

  FIG. 3 shows a state in which the footboard 35 is attached to the climbing beam 31 after FIG. 2. The tread board 35 is drawn only in the vicinity of the base end face 36. The bolt 26 penetrates the lag screw 21, and the tip portion thereof is screwed into the embedded body 11. Therefore, the end face of the lag screw 21 is in a state of pressing the end face of the embedded body 11, and at the same time, the base end face 36 and the support face 32 are in contact with each other, and the tread plate 35 is integrated with the climbing beam 31. After the installation of the footboard 35 is finished, the vertical load acting on the footboard 35 is transmitted to the climbing beam 31 via the bolt 26, and the bending moment due to the vertical load is a contact portion between the base end surface 36 and the support surface 32. It is received by. When the installation of the tread board 35 is finished, the parts that fix the tread board 35 such as the lag screw 21 and the buried body 11 are buried inside so that the aesthetics are improved. It has a peculiar appearance that protrudes.

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure in the vicinity of the boundary between the climbing beam 31 and the tread board 35 with respect to the structure shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 (A) shows a state before the tread board 35 is attached. Is a state after the footboard 35 is attached. As shown in FIG. 4A, the embedded body 11 is screwed into the lower hole 33 of the climbing beam 31, and the end surface of the hexagonal portion 13 coincides with the support surface 32. The embedded body 11 is fixed in an immobile state. Also, the lag screw 21 screwed into the lateral hole 38 of the tread plate 35 is fixed in an immobile state in the same manner. After this state, the buried body 11 and the lag screw 21 are aligned concentrically, then the bolt 26 is inserted into the lateral hole 38, and the threaded portion is screwed into the female screw 14 via the inner hole 24. FIG. The attachment of the footboard 35 is completed as shown in (B). In this state, the base end surface 36 of the tread plate 35 is in contact with the support surface 32 and, at the same time, the end surfaces of the lag screw 21 and the embedded body 11 are in contact with each other.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of the overall configuration of the stairs according to the present invention. One climbing beam 31 is arranged in an oblique direction so as to connect the upper level and the lower level, and a plurality of step plates 35 are attached to a support surface 32 of the climbing beam 31. The tread board 35 is a cantilever held only by the support surface 32, and the series of tread boards 35 looks like floating in the air. In addition, although the horizontal hole 38 is exposed on the front end surface 37 of the tread plate 35, it can be closed with a small piece of cork or the like, and may be used when attaching the handrail 40 as shown in the figure. In addition, in consideration of safety, measures such as setting a net between the adjacent footboards 35 may be taken.

  FIG. 6 shows an example embodiment of the present invention that is different from FIG. In FIG. 1, the climbing beam 31 is used to attach the tread plate 35. However, in this embodiment, a concrete wall surface is used as the support surface 32, and the embedded body 11 is embedded in the wall surface. If the support surface 32 is concrete as shown in this figure, the lag screw-shaped embedded body 11 as shown in FIG. 1 cannot be used. Therefore, a round bar-shaped embedded body 16 having an internal thread 14 formed on one end face is used, and is fixed in the lower hole 33 via the adhesive 18. Note that the embedded body 16 has a plurality of ribs 17 formed on the side peripheral surface in order to improve adhesion to the adhesive 18.

  In addition, the embedded body 16 in the figure is fixed in a state of protruding from the support surface 32, and the corresponding lag screw 21 is fixed in a state of being recessed from the base end surface 36. Therefore, when the tread plate 35 is attached to the support surface 32, if the tip of the embedded body 16 is inserted into the horizontal hole 38, the tread plate 35 is restrained by the embedded body 16, and the lag screw 21 has a medium hole 24 and a female body of the embedded body 16. The screws 14 are concentric, and the work for screwing the bolts 26 into the female screws 14 is facilitated. Contrary to this figure, the same effect can be obtained even when the embedded body 16 is depressed in the support surface 32 and the lag screw 21 is protruded from the base end surface 36. As described above, the method of projecting or sinking the end face of the embedded body 16 from the support surface 32 can also be implemented in the lag screw type embedded body 11 shown in FIG.

  The embedded body (11 or 16) is not limited to the one shown in this figure or FIG. 1, and there is no limitation on the form as long as the female screw 14 can be formed on the support surface 32 where the stairs are installed. . Therefore, when a concrete wall is newly placed, it functions as an embedded body simply by embedding a general-purpose nut in a predetermined position.

It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of the staircase by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the screwing of the embedment shown in FIG. 1 and a lag screw was finished. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the tread board to the climbing beam after FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the boundary vicinity of a climbing beam and a tread board about the structure shown in FIG. 1, (A) is the state before attaching a tread board, (B) is the state after attaching a tread board. It is a perspective view which shows the example of whole structure of the stairs by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the example of embodiment of this invention different from FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of the common staircase currently used in the house.

Explanation of symbols

11 Embedded body (lag screw type)
12 Convex ridge 13 Hexagon part 14 Female thread 16 Embedded body (round bar type)
17 rib 18 adhesive 21 lag screw 22 ridge 23 hexagonal portion 24 inner hole 26 bolt 31 climbing beam 32 support surface 33 lower hole 35 tread plate 36 base end surface 37 distal end surface 38 side hole 40 handrail

Claims (2)

A tread board (35), a support surface (32) for supporting the tread board (35) in a cantilever manner, a lag screw (21) screwed into the tread board (35), and a tread board embedded in the support surface (32) (35) comprising an embedded body (11 or 16) for receiving, and a bolt (26) for fastening the lag screw (21) and the embedded body (11 or 16),
The tread plate (35) has a plurality of lateral holes (38) penetrating the base end surface (36) contacting the support surface (32) and the front end surface (37) facing the base end surface (36).
A lag screw (21) in which a spiral protrusion (22) is formed on a side peripheral surface and a medium hole (24) for inserting the bolt (26) is formed in the lateral hole (38). Is screwed in,
The embedded body (11) is formed with a female screw (14) for screwing the tip of the bolt (26) on one end surface, and the supporting surface (with the female screw (14) exposed) ( 32) Stairs characterized by being embedded. The staircase according to claim 1, wherein the lag screw (21) is screwed into the base end face (36) side of the lateral hole (38).

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