JP2009131770A - Manufacturing method of carbon dioxide-nano bubble water - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To disclose the manufacturing method of carbon dioxide-nano bubble water, and to clarify the mechanism of carbon dioxide-nano bubble water currently clarified, its physical chemistry properties and function. <P>SOLUTION: Shock wave accompanying underwater discharge with a voltage of 2,000-3,000V, and physical stimulation like compression, expansion and vortex flow are applied to carbon dioxide microbubbles of particle sizes of 10-50 μm to forcibly shrink the microbubbles, to thereby obtain carbon dioxide-nano bubble water containing carbon dioxide-nano bubbles of particle sizes of 100 nm or less, which are stable over a long period of time. The carbon dioxide-nano bubble water can be used for suppressing fermentation in the food manufacturing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to carbon dioxide nanobubble water, which has potential utility in all technical fields, and can be expected to be effective in suppressing the growth of bacteria in foods and maintaining freshness, particularly in the food industry.

Regarding nanobubble water, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses oxygen nanobubble water. However, there is not much prior art on nanobubble water containing other gases.
JP 2005-246294 A

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing carbon dioxide nanobubble water.

  The present invention discloses carbon dioxide nanobubble water. Carbon dioxide nanobubble water is contained in the aqueous solution as fine bubbles having a bubble diameter (particle size) of 100 nm or less. The main component in the nanobubble is carbon dioxide.

  Carbon dioxide nanobubbles in an aqueous solution continue to exist in a stable state for an extremely long period of time, and as long as they are consumed for a special reason, they may disappear slightly, but as carbon dioxide nanobubbles over a long period of one month or more. It will continue to maintain the effect. Due to this effect, carbon dioxide nanobubble water continues to have functions such as suppression of fermentation in food production and the like.

  The carbon dioxide nanobubbles consumed for the special reason refers to a case where no measures are taken to stably store the carbon dioxide nanobubbles with respect to the storage of the carbon dioxide nanobubble water. Preservation measures are not to store in a container that is highly reactive to carbon dioxide nanobubbles, do not continue to be exposed to light rays such as strong ultraviolet rays for a long time, and to stimulate such as strong vibration for a long time. Do not continue to cover for a long time, do not place under temperature conditions with boiling or freezing, etc., do not lose the aqueous solution from a predetermined container due to evaporation, etc., during storage with highly reactive substances with carbon dioxide This includes not reacting. Moreover, it does not guarantee that carbon dioxide nanobubbles consumed for the intended purpose exist stably over a long period of time.

  The carbon dioxide nanobubbles consumed for the intended purpose are carbon dioxide nanobubbles used for plant photosynthesis, the result of the stability of the nanobubbles being destroyed by the addition of strong acid and the release of carbon dioxide into the aqueous solution. It means carbon dioxide nanobubbles that are extinguished as well as carbon dioxide nanobubbles that are consumed as a result of exerting a specific intended action on either organic or inorganic gas, liquid, or solid.

  The carbon dioxide nanobubble water of the present invention stores the internal carbon dioxide with ultrafine bubbles having a bubble diameter of 100 nm. Therefore, the effect is stably maintained over a month or more, and it can be used for the purpose of suppressing fermentation in food production.

  Nanobubbles in carbon dioxide nanobubble water have a bubble diameter of 100 nm or less, and can exist in carbon dioxide nanobubble water for a very long time. The existence mechanism is shown in FIG. In the case of normal fine bubbles, the smaller the bubbles, the higher the internal gas dissolution efficiency, and the presence becomes unstable and disappears instantly. In the case of nanobubbles, an extremely high concentration of electric charge is concentrated at the gas-liquid interface, so electrostatic repulsion (for example, hydrogen ions adsorbed on the gas-liquid interface) acting between the charges at the gas-liquid interface when bubbles (spheres) are reduced Spheres (bubbles) are prevented from shrinking due to (and hydroxide ions).

  In addition, due to the action of the concentrated high electric field, an inorganic shell mainly composed of electrolyte ions such as iron ions, calcium ions, sodium ions and potassium ions is formed around the bubbles, which prevents the escape of the internal gas. Since this shell is different from the surfactant or organic shell, the shell itself tends to collapse easily due to the deviation of the charge around the bubble that occurs when nanobubbles come into contact with other substances such as bacteria. When the shell collapses, the carbon dioxide contained inside is easily released into the aqueous solution.

  As physical properties of the microbubbles, as shown in FIG. 2, the microbubbles in the aqueous solution have a surface potential depending on the pH of the aqueous solution. This is because the hydrogen bond network of water at the gas-liquid interface requires more hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions as its constituent factors. Further, the hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions at the gas-liquid interface are not quantitatively balanced, and as a result, the interface is charged. Since this phenomenon is peculiar to the gas-liquid interface, the surface potential is a constant value regardless of the bubble diameter. Further, since electrostatic force acts by charging on the surface, ions having charges of opposite signs are attracted to the vicinity of the gas-liquid interface as counter ions. As a result, an electric double layer is formed and electrically stabilized.

  Since charging of microbubbles is a property of the gas-liquid interface, no difference in potential due to bubble diameter is recognized under the condition of maintaining equilibrium. However, when the microbubbles are reduced in a short time, charge concentration occurs. FIG. 3 shows the change in the surface charge when the bubble diameter is reduced from about 25 μm to about 5 μm in 10 seconds. This shows the concentration of charge due to deviation from the original equilibrium condition. When the reduction speed is further increased and the bubble diameter is further reduced, the charge amount per unit area increases in inverse proportion to the square of the bubble diameter.

  Since the microbubbles are surrounded by the gas-liquid interface, the inside of the microbubbles is self-pressurized under the influence of the surface tension. The pressure rise inside the microbubbles with respect to the environmental pressure is theoretically estimated by the Young-Laplace equation: ΔP = 4σ / D. Here, ΔP is the degree of pressure increase, σ is the surface tension, and D is the bubble diameter (particle diameter). In the case of distilled water at room temperature, the pressure increases by about 0.3 atm for microbubbles having a diameter of 10 μm and by about 3 atm for diameters of 1 μm. The gas inside the self-pressurized microbubbles dissolves in water according to Henry's law. That is, since the gas inside the bubbles is more easily dissolved by the increase in pressure, the reduction speed of the bubble diameter is accelerated. As a result, bubbles having a diameter of 1 μm or less are completely dissolved almost instantaneously. In other words, if considered from general physical common sense, nano-level bubbles are only very instantaneous.

  In contrast, in the method for producing nanobubbles in the present invention, carbon dioxide microbubbles having a diameter (particle diameter) of 10 μm to 50 μm are forcibly and rapidly reduced by physical stimulation. In that case, the gas-liquid interface is charged due to an imbalance in the existence balance of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions localized at the gas-liquid interface. And the electrostatic repulsive force due to the electric charge starts to act. This effect acts as a factor that inhibits the reduction of bubbles. In addition, when electrolyte ions such as iron ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, potassium ions are included in the aqueous solution so that the electric conductivity is 100 μS / cm or more, the outer surface of the electric double layer is reduced as the bubbles are reduced. The concentration of these counter ion groups located increases rapidly. As a result, the effect of salting-out acts to significantly limit the dissolution of the gas in the aqueous solution. Bubbles are reduced by dissolving the internal gas in the surrounding aqueous solution, but because the concentration of electrolyte ions in the aqueous solution near the gas-liquid interface increases rapidly, it acts as a shell that prevents dissolution of the gas. As a result, the reduction of bubbles is suppressed and stabilized as extremely fine bubbles. The bubble diameter when stabilized is slightly different depending on the concentration and type of electrolyte ions, but is usually 100 nm or less. This stabilized nano-sized bubble is called a nano bubble.

  The feature of nanobubbles is that not only the gas is maintained in a pressurized state but also a very strong electric field is formed by the concentrated surface charge. These are stored as a kind of energy source, and are one of the roots of the characteristics of nanobubbles such as various effects on organisms and chemical reactivity.

  FIG. 1 shows a mechanism in which nanobubbles exist stably. As described above, the nanobubbles are stabilized by the electrostatic effect of the electric charge at the gas-liquid interface and the effect that the concentrated electrolyte ions prevent the gas from escaping as an inorganic shell. However, since these stabilizations are based on a delicate balance of ions at and near the gas-liquid interface, they tend to collapse when strong disturbances exist. When the inorganic shell collapses, the gas contained inside is easily dissolved in the aqueous solution, so that the nanobubbles disappear instantly.

  Next, a method for turning microbubbles into nanobubbles will be described.

FIG. 4 is a side view of an apparatus for producing carbon dioxide nanobubble water using a discharge device.
The microbubble generator 3 takes in the aqueous solution in the container 1 through the water intake 31, and carbon dioxide from an inlet (not shown) for injecting carbon dioxide gas for producing carbon dioxide microbubbles into the microbubble generator 3. Gas is injected and mixed with the aqueous solution taken in by the water intake 31, and the carbon dioxide microbubbles produced by the microbubble generator 3 are sent into the container 1 from the carbon dioxide microbubbles-containing aqueous solution outlet 32. As a result, carbon dioxide microbubbles are present in the container 1. In the container 1, there are an anode 21 and a cathode 22, and the anode 21 and the cathode 22 are connected to the discharge generator 2.
First, carbon dioxide microbubbles having a particle diameter of 10 to 50 μm are generated in the container 1 containing the aqueous solution using the microbubble generator 3.
Further, an electrolyte serving as a supply source of iron ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, potassium ions, or the like is added so that the electric conductivity of the aqueous solution becomes 100 μS / cm or more.
Using the discharge generator 2, an underwater discharge is performed on the aqueous solution containing the carbon dioxide microbubbles in the container 1. In order to produce carbon dioxide nanobubbles more efficiently, it is preferable that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the container 1 reaches 50% or more of the saturation concentration. Moreover, the voltage of the underwater discharge shall be 2000-3000V.
Due to shock wave stimulation (physical stimulation) associated with underwater discharge, carbon dioxide microbubbles in water are rapidly reduced into nano-level bubbles. At this time, the ions present around the bubbles have a rapid reduction speed, so that they do not have time to deviate into the surrounding water and are rapidly concentrated as the bubbles are reduced. Concentrated ions form a very strong high electric field around the bubbles. In the presence of this high electric field, hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions present at the gas-liquid interface have a binding relationship with electrolyte ions having opposite signs existing around the bubbles, and form an inorganic shell around the bubbles. Since this shell prevents spontaneous dissolution of carbon dioxide in the bubbles into the aqueous solution, the carbon dioxide nanobubbles are stably contained in the aqueous solution without dissolving. Since the carbon dioxide nanobubbles to be produced are extremely fine bubbles of 100 nm or less, they hardly receive buoyancy in water, and there is almost no rupture on the water surface observed in ordinary bubbles.

Next, a method for producing carbon dioxide nanobubble water by causing a vortex will be described. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the location which overlaps with the method of manufacturing the carbon dioxide nanobubble water by discharge.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the apparatus using compression, expansion and vortex flow to produce carbon dioxide nanobubble water. Similarly to the method for producing carbon dioxide nanobubble water by discharge, microbubbles are produced by the microbubble generator 3, the water intake 31 and the carbon dioxide nanobubble-containing aqueous solution outlet 32, and the carbon dioxide microbubbles are sent into the container 1. A circulation pump 4 for partially circulating an aqueous solution containing carbon dioxide microbubbles in the container 1 is connected to the container 1, and a large number of holes are provided in a pipe (circulation pipe) in which the circulation pump 4 is installed. Is connected to the container 1. The aqueous solution containing carbon dioxide microbubbles in the container 1 is caused to flow in the circulation pipe by the circulation pump 4 and passes through the orifice (perforated plate) 5 to generate compression, expansion and vortex.
First, carbon dioxide microbubbles having a particle diameter of 10 to 50 μm are generated in a container 1 containing water containing charged ions using a microbubble generator 3.
Next, in order to partially circulate the aqueous solution containing the carbon dioxide microbubbles, the circulation pump 4 is operated. An aqueous solution containing carbon dioxide microbubbles is pushed out by the circulation pump 4, and compression, expansion, and vortex flow are generated in the piping before and after passing through the orifice (porous plate) 5. Carbon dioxide microbubbles are rapidly reduced and stabilized as carbon dioxide nanobubbles due to the compression and expansion of the microbubbles during passage and the generation of eddy currents by the carbon dioxide microbubbles that are charged by the vortex generated in the pipe. To do. The order of the circulation pump 4 and the orifice (perforated plate) 5 in the flow path may be reversed.
Although the orifice (perforated plate) 5 is single in FIG. 5, a plurality of orifices (circular plates) may be provided, and the circulation pump 4 may be omitted if necessary. In that case, it is also possible to use the driving force of the microbubble generator 3 with respect to the aqueous solution or the flow of the aqueous solution due to the height difference.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, carbon dioxide nanobubbles can also be produced by attaching a rotating body 6 for generating a vortex in the container 1. By rotating the rotating body 6 at 500 to 10,000 rpm, a vortex can be efficiently generated in the container 1. The rotating body 6 can also serve as the microbubble generator 3.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is limited to the following description and is not interpreted.

Example 1
As shown in FIG. 5, 10 L of water (electroconductivity: 100 μS / cm or more) containing electrolyte ions is put in the container 1, and carbon dioxide microbubbles having a diameter of 10 to 50 μm are generated by the microbubble generator 3. The water in the container 1 was made into water containing fine bubbles. Microbubbles were continuously generated so that the concentration of the microbubbles in the container 1 was 50% or more of the saturation value.
Next, the microbubble-containing water in the container 1 was partially circulated, and a part of the microbubble-containing water was introduced into the circulation pipe having the circulation pump 4. The microbubble-containing water was introduced into the circulation pump 4 and sent to the orifice (perforated plate) 5 with a pressure of 0.3 MPa to generate a vortex and make the microbubbles into nanobubbles.
The operation was carried out for 1 hour to generate a sufficient amount of carbon dioxide nanobubbles, and then the entire apparatus was stopped. Next, 0.03 g of DMPO (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide), which is a spin trap agent, is added to 100 mL of carbon dioxide nanobubble water existing in the container 1, and then 0.3 mL of hydrochloric acid is added. When measured 1.5 hours later by electron spin resonance (ESR), a characteristic spectrum of DMPO-OH, which is a spin adduct, could be recognized. This means that hydroxyl radicals were generated when hydrochloric acid was added. It is a known fact that a large amount of hydroxyl radicals are generated when a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid is added in the presence of minute bubbles in water. That is, in a paper (Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 111-6, pp.1343-1347 (2007)), it is shown that hydroxyl radicals are generated by adding DMPO and hydrochloric acid to water in which microbubbles are present. This case also shows that fine bubbles are present in the carbon dioxide nanobubble water. In addition, even when DMPO and hydrochloric acid are added to a membrane filter having a pore size of 100 nm before DMPO is added and DMPO and hydrochloric acid are added in the same manner, the spectrum of DMPO-OH having exactly the same intensity is observed. I was able to. This is a phenomenon that is not observed in microbubbles having a bubble diameter larger than 100 nm, such as microbubbles, and indicates that the microbubbles present in the carbon dioxide nanobubble water are nanobubbles smaller than 100 nm.

(Example 2)
The produced carbon dioxide nanobubble water was put into a PET bottle, stoppered tightly and stored for 1 month in a cool and dark place, and an ESR test similar to the above was performed. As a result, it was possible to recognize a spectrum of DMPO-OH having almost the same intensity as that immediately after the production regardless of whether or not it passed through a 100 nm membrane filter. This indicates that the nanobubbles present in the carbon dioxide nanobubble water are present in the same manner even after one month.

(Example 3)
After the production, the carbon dioxide concentration (dissolution amount) of carbon dioxide nanobubble water in a plastic bottle that was tightly plugged and stored for one month in a cool dark place was measured with a carbon dioxide meter and found to be a low value of less than 1%. The pH at this time was neutral to slightly alkaline slightly exceeding 7. When hydrochloric acid was added at a rate of 0.3 mL to 100 mL of the carbon dioxide nanobubble water, the pH became strongly acidic lower than 2. When the carbon dioxide concentration in water at this time was measured, it showed a value of 10% or more. This indicates that the gas stored as nanobubbles is mainly carbon dioxide. Even when a carbon dioxide-dissolved aqueous solution was prepared using carbon dioxide microbubbles or normal bubbling in the aqueous solution, such a significant increase in carbon dioxide concentration was not observed when hydrochloric acid was added.

  The present invention has industrial applicability in that a method for producing carbon dioxide nanobubble water can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the stabilization mechanism of a nano bubble. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the change of pH of aqueous solution, and the zeta potential of a microbubble. It is a graph which shows the raise of the zeta potential recognized at the time of bubble shrinkage. It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus of the nano bubble by a discharge system. It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus (thing using an orifice or a punching board) of the nano bubble by compression, expansion | swelling, and a vortex | eddy_current. It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus (thing using a rotary body) of the nano bubble by compression, expansion | swelling, and a vortex | eddy_current.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container 2 Discharge generator 3 Microbubble generator 4 Circulation pump 5 Orifice 6 Rotating body 21 Anode 22 Cathode 31 Water intake 32 Discharge port

Claims (4)

  In an aqueous solution having an electrical conductivity of 100 μS / cm or more mixed with at least one electrolyte ion selected from iron ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, and potassium ions, with respect to carbon dioxide microbubbles having a particle size of 10 to 50 μm, Electrostatic repulsive force due to hydrogen ions and / or hydroxide ions adsorbed on the gas-liquid interface by forcibly reducing the microbubbles by applying a shock wave accompanying a discharge in water with a voltage of 2000 to 3000 V as a physical stimulus. In addition, at least one selected from hydrogen ions, hydroxide ions, and electrolyte ions is concentrated at a high concentration in a minute volume as the gas-liquid interface shrinks, and acts as a shell surrounding the microbubbles. After manufacturing, put it in a plastic bottle, cover it and store it in a cool and dark place. Carbon dioxide nanobubbles with a particle size of 100 nm or less in which the spectrum peak involved in the generation of the same hydroxyl radical as that in the production is detected when hydrochloric acid is added so that the pH of the aqueous solution is 2 or less in the measurement by the spin resonance method A method for producing carbon dioxide nanobubble water containing water.   In an aqueous solution having an electrical conductivity of 100 μS / cm or more mixed with at least one electrolyte ion selected from iron ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, and potassium ions, with respect to carbon dioxide microbubbles having a particle size of 10 to 50 μm, By rotating a rotating body attached in a container containing the aqueous solution at 500 to 10000 rpm, the aqueous solution is flowed, and compression, expansion and vortex generated during the flow are applied as physical stimuli to force the microbubbles. Due to electrostatic repulsion by hydrogen ions and / or hydroxide ions adsorbed on the gas-liquid interface, and at least one selected from hydrogen ions, hydroxide ions, and electrolyte ions is reduced in the gas-liquid interface And a shell surrounding the microbubbles by concentrating it in a minute volume with a high concentration. After the production, put it in a plastic bottle, cover it, store it in a cool dark place, and add hydrochloric acid so that the pH of the aqueous solution becomes 2 or less in the measurement by the electron spin resonance method one month after the production. A method for producing carbon dioxide nanobubble water containing carbon dioxide nanobubbles having a particle size of 100 nm or less in which a spectrum peak involved in generation of the same hydroxyl radical as that after production is detected.   In an aqueous solution having an electrical conductivity of 100 μS / cm or more mixed with at least one electrolyte ion selected from iron ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, and potassium ions, with respect to carbon dioxide microbubbles having a particle size of 10 to 50 μm, The aqueous solution is flowed by a pump operation or the like attached to the container containing the aqueous solution, and the compression, expansion and vortex flow are physically controlled by passing through an orifice or a perforated plate having single or multiple holes existing in the aqueous solution When applied as a stimulus, the microbubbles are forcibly reduced, and due to electrostatic repulsion by hydrogen ions and / or hydroxide ions adsorbed on the gas-liquid interface, as well as hydrogen ions, hydroxide ions, electrolyte ions At least one selected from the above is concentrated in a minute volume with a high concentration as the gas-liquid interface shrinks By acting as a shell surrounding the microbubbles, it is put into a plastic bottle after production, covered and stored in a cool dark place, and the pH of the aqueous solution is 2 or less as measured by electron spin resonance one month after production. A method for producing carbon dioxide nanobubble water containing carbon dioxide nanobubbles having a particle size of 100 nm or less in which a spectrum peak involved in generation of the same hydroxyl radical as that after production is detected when hydrochloric acid is added.   Carbon dioxide nanobubble water containing carbon dioxide nanobubbles having a particle size of 100 nm or less produced by the production method according to claim 1.