JP2009126896A - Base oil for lubricating oil and lubricating oil, for industrial use - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrocarbon-based base oil for lubricating oil and a lubricating oil, for industrial use, capable of contributing to the reduction of electric power consumption. <P>SOLUTION: This hydrocarbon-based base oil for the lubricating oil is characterized by having 0.83 to 0.85 g/cm<SP>3</SP>density at 15°C, a viscosity index of 103 or higher, a 12 to 27%CN by a ring analysis and a 100 to 130°C aniline point. The electric power-saving type industrial lubricating oil is characterized by containing the above hydrocarbon-based base oil for the lubricating oil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to lubricated parts of industrial machines and the like, and in particular, can be used as hydraulic hydraulic oil, gear oil, compressor oil, and can contribute to reduction of power consumption. And a lubricant.

  In recent years, global warming has progressed, and there is an urgent need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, which is one of the greenhouse gases. In Japan, the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy and the Law Concerning the Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures were revised and implemented in 2006, and factories, transporters, etc. are now required to reduce power consumption more than ever. I came.

  As one method of reducing power consumption, power saving from the lubricating oil side used in industrial machines and transportation machines is being attempted. Examples of power saving include reducing friction and wear by blending specific additives. Phosphate ester, phosphate ester amine salt, fatty acid ester, carboxylic acid amide, oxymolybdenum dithiophosphate, Attempts have been made to cope with blending techniques such as sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Moreover, the example which aimed at reduction of pressure loss, such as piping, by using specific base oil is also mentioned (refer patent document 3).

On the other hand, recently, the output of industrial machines has been increasing, and along with this, the use of lubricating oil under high pressure conditions is expected to increase further. Therefore, in order to reduce power consumption, a reduction in friction of lubricating oil under high pressure conditions, that is, low traction is required. At the same time, high wear prevention is also required.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-140556 JP 2001-040383 A JP 2004-250504 A

By the way, in general, industrial lubricants are required to have high performance of base oils themselves because they contain a smaller amount of additives than lubricants for internal combustion engines. That is, in order to obtain an industrial lubricating oil with a high power consumption reduction effect, it is desirable that the base oil itself has low traction and excellent wear resistance.
An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil having low traction and good wear resistance suitable for a power-saving industrial lubricating oil, and a lubricating oil containing the base oil. To do.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that a hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil having a specific density, viscosity index, composition, and aniline point exhibits low traction and wear resistance. Based on this finding, the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that the density at 15 ° C. is 0.83 to 0.85 g / cm ³ , the viscosity index is 103 or more,% CN by ring analysis is 12 to 27, and the aniline point is 100 to 130 ° C. A hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil is provided.
The present invention also provides a power-saving industrial lubricating oil comprising the above-described hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil.

The hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil of the present invention has a specific composition, exhibits low traction and is excellent in wear resistance, and is suitably used for industrial machinery as a base oil for power-saving lubricating oil. be able to.

The density of the hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil of the present invention is JIS
It is 0.83-0.85 g / cm ³ in the K2249 density test method (15 ° C.). When the 15 ° C. density is less than 0.83 g / cm ³ , the solubility of the additive is lowered, and sufficient wear resistance cannot be obtained. If the 15 ° C. density exceeds 0.85 g / cm ³ , the traction coefficient increases and the power consumption increases.
The viscosity index of the hydrocarbon base oil of the present invention is JIS
In the K2283 kinematic viscosity test method, it is 103 or more, more preferably 105 or more, and particularly preferably 110 or more. If the viscosity index is too low, the low-temperature viscosity tends to be high, and the power consumption during low-temperature starting tends to increase.

The% CN of the hydrocarbon-based lubricant base oil of the present invention is 12 to 27, more preferably 12 to 25 in the ASTM D3238 ring analysis method. If% CN is less than 12, the solubility of the additive is lowered, and sufficient wear resistance cannot be obtained. If% CN exceeds 27, the traction coefficient increases and the power consumption increases.

% Ca by the ASTM D3238 ring analysis method of the hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil of the present invention is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 3 or less, and particularly preferably 2 or less. By setting% Ca to 5 or less, it becomes easy to achieve low traxinity, and it becomes easy to suppress power consumption. % CA correlates with the content of aromatic hydrocarbons, but since aromatic hydrocarbons tend to have a high traction coefficient, less is preferable, and the aromatic hydrocarbons substantially contain aromatic hydrocarbons. It does not have to be.
The aniline point of the hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil of the present invention is 100 to 130 ° C., more preferably 105 to 130 ° C., particularly preferably 110 to 130 ° C. in the JIS K2256 aniline point test method. When the aniline point is less than 100 ° C., the traction coefficient increases and the power consumption increases. When the aniline point exceeds 130 ° C., the solubility of the additive is lowered and sufficient wear resistance cannot be obtained.

The hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil of the present invention may be produced by any method as long as the constitution of the present invention is satisfied. For example, a crude oil lubricating oil fraction is subjected to solvent refining, hydrorefining, hydrocracking. Although the manufacturing method combined suitably suitably, such as refinement | purification, is mentioned, The following methods are mentioned as a preferable manufacturing method. First, bottom oil obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil is treated with a vacuum distillation apparatus. The vacuum gas oil thus obtained is hydrotreated and hydrocracked, and then a residue obtained by removing light and fuel components with a vacuum stripper is obtained. This residue is distilled under reduced pressure, and the resulting lubricating oil fraction is subjected to hydrodewaxing treatment and stabilization treatment. The hydrodewaxing treatment was carried out using a catalyst in which a group 6 or group 8 metal of the periodic table such as Mo, W, Ni, Pd, etc. was supported on an alumina, silica-alumina or zeolite support. A pressure of 155 to 190 kg / cm ² G, a reaction temperature of 230 to 300 ° C., and LHSV 1.0 h ⁻¹ are preferable.

Further, a preferable method is a method in which slack wax by solvent dewaxing or wax obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is used as a raw material, and these are hydrotreated and hydrocracked.
The hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil produced by the above production method may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The lubricating oil of the present invention may be a lubricating oil containing only a hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil alone because the hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil itself has low traction and good wear resistance. The lubricating oil may contain various known additives as required.
Such additives include, for example, antioxidants, extreme pressure agents, oily agents, detergent dispersants, rust inhibitors, metal deactivators, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, antifoaming agents. And emulsifiers.

Antioxidants include phenol-based antioxidants such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, amine-based antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamine and alkylated phenyl-α-naphthylamine, phosphonic acid esters, etc. And phosphorus-based antioxidants.
Examples of the extreme pressure agent include phosphorus extreme pressure agents such as phosphate and phosphite, sulfur extreme pressure agents such as sulfurized olefins, and organometallic extreme pressure agents such as ZnDTP and ZnDTC.
Examples of the oily agent include higher fatty acids such as oleic acid and stearic acid, higher alcohols such as oleyl alcohol, amines such as oleylamine, and esters such as butyl stearate.

Examples of the cleaning dispersant include ashless cleaning dispersants such as alkenyl succinimides and alkenyl succinic esters, and alkaline earth metal cleaning dispersants.
Examples of the rust inhibitor include carboxylic acid, metal soap, carboxylic acid amine salt, sulfonic acid metal salt, and partial ester of polyhydric alcohol.
Examples of the metal deactivator include benzotriazole and derivatives thereof, alkyl succinic acid derivatives and the like.

Examples of the pour point depressant include polyalkyl methacrylate, polybutene, polyalkyl styrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyalkyl acrylate and the like.
Examples of the viscosity index improver include polyalkyl methacrylate, isobutene, and olefin copolymer.
Examples of antifoaming agents include silicone oil and ester-based antifoaming agents.
Examples of the demulsifier include demulsifiers such as an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant.
These additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these examples.
About the hydrocarbon type | system | group lubricating base oil obtained with the following manufacturing methods, each property measurement and performance evaluation were implemented with the measuring method described below. The results of Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1, and the results of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 2.

<Method for producing hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil>
(1) The bottom oil obtained by atmospheric distillation of the hydrocarbon-based lubricant base oil crude oil of Examples 1 to 3 is treated with a vacuum distillation apparatus, and the vacuum gas oil obtained there is hydrotreated and hydrocracked. went. Then, the residue which removed the light part and the fuel part with the vacuum stripper was obtained. The residue was distilled under reduced pressure, and the resulting lubricating oil fraction was subjected to hydrodewaxing treatment and stabilization treatment. The hydrodewaxing treatment was performed under the conditions of a reaction pressure of 170 kg / cm ² G, a reaction temperature of 280 ° C., and LHSV 1.0 h ⁻¹ .

(2) The base oil crude oil of Comparative Example 1 was distilled at atmospheric pressure, the residual oil after fractional distillation was fractionated under reduced pressure, and the resulting distillate oil was purified to paraffin-rich raffinate by a furfural solvent extraction method. Subsequently, the dewaxed oil obtained by dewaxing the raffinate was subjected to high-pressure hydrogenation. The high-pressure hydrogenation treatment was carried out under the conditions of a reaction pressure of 170 kg / cm ² G, a reaction temperature of 325 ° C., and LHSV 0.36 h ⁻¹ using a catalyst supporting Mo and Ni on an alumina support.

(3) Base oil used in Comparative Example 2 Naphthenic crude oil was distilled at atmospheric pressure, bottom oil was fractionally distilled under reduced pressure, and the resulting distillate was purified by sulfuric acid treatment and clay treatment.
(4) A poly-α-olefin synthesized by polymerizing 1-decene obtained by low polymerization of the base oil ethylene of Comparative Example 3 and performing a hydrogenation reaction was used.

<Measurement method of each property>
(1) Density The density at 15 ° C. was evaluated by the JIS K2249 density test method.
(2) Kinematic viscosity JIS
The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. was evaluated by the K2283 kinematic viscosity test method.

(3) Viscosity index JIS
The viscosity index was evaluated by the K2283 kinematic viscosity test method.
(4)% CN,% Ca
ASTM
% CN and% CA were evaluated by D3238 ring analysis. The refractive index, density, molecular weight and sulfur content necessary for the calculation were measured by JIS K0062 refractive index measurement method, JIS K2249 density test method, ASTM D2502 molecular weight test method, and JIS K2541 European test method.
(5) Aniline point JIS
Evaluation was made by the K2256 aniline point test method.

<Evaluation method>
(1) Traction coefficient The traction coefficient was evaluated with a four-cylinder fatigue friction tester.
Using a test piece of material SUJ-2, outer diameter 40 mm, width 10 mm, surface roughness 0.08 μm or less, slip rate 5.3%, maximum Hertz load 1.7 GPa, oil temperature 40 ° C., test time 5 minutes The test was conducted.

(2) Abrasion resistance A shell four-ball test was conducted under the following test conditions, and the wear scar diameter was evaluated.
Test conditions:
Test piece: Steel (fixed ball)-Steel (rotating ball)
Rotation speed: 1800rpm
Load: 10kgf
Test time: 30 min

Examples 1 to 3 have a lower traction coefficient than Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and can be expected to save power. Further, Example 3 is superior in terms of wear resistance, although the traction coefficient is higher than that of Comparative Example 3 in which% CN is less than 12 and the viscosity is comparable.

Claims (2)

Hydrocarbon-based lubrication characterized by a density at 15 ° C. of 0.83 to 0.85 g / cm ³ , a viscosity index of 103 or more,% CN by ring analysis of 12 to 27, and an aniline point of 100 to 130 ° C. Oil base oil. A power-saving industrial lubricating oil comprising the hydrocarbon-based lubricating base oil according to claim 1.