JP2009125706A - Debris sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sort a mixture of crushed aluminum and copper or the like different in specific gravity and color with high purity and high efficiency, using a debris sorter. <P>SOLUTION: Debris is charged into the debris sorter, and a position of a boundary line of an upper layer of light matter and a lower layer of heavy matter laminated through the riffle of a discharge part is specified by a CCD camera. A movable partition plate is always moved to the position of the boundary line specified from an image photographed by the CCD camera to prevent intrusion of the mixture and to perform recovery with high purity. Provision of the device specifying the position of discharged matter different in color at the discharge part of the debris sorter and the movable partition plate allows reduction of the discharge amount of the mixture and highly efficient recovery of debris of high purity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for selecting metals having different specific gravity and color. For example, it can be used for an apparatus for selecting metals such as aluminum and copper among household appliances that have been crushed.

  A specific gravity difference sorter is used as a method for sorting out materials having a specific gravity difference that are well known in the art. This specific gravity difference sorter vibrates the triangular inclined mesh vibrating screen, blows air from below the vibrating screen, and removes the light specific product with a low specific gravity from the crushed material supplied to the upper surface of the vibrating screen. It is possible to sort by sending a heavy specific material having a high specific gravity in the direction toward the upper end of the vibrating screen. In such a conventional specific gravity difference sorter, in order to sort out low specific gravity such as brown rice and rice bran, the boundary between brown rice and rice bran is recognized from the information obtained by the camera etc., and the partition plate is moved to that position The method of making it take is taken (refer patent document 1 and patent document 2).

  In addition, there is a method of preventing remixing by providing a baffle plate on a vibrating sieve to deposit waste plastic in a layered form with a predetermined thickness and increasing the residence time (see Patent Document 3).

  However, in any of these conventional methods, metals having a higher specific gravity than brown rice, rice bran, and waste plastic cannot be selected with high purity by the same method. The object of the present invention is to provide a crushed material sorter capable of recovering light and heavy ratios of metals of different colors with high purity.

JP 59-073086 A (3 paragraphs 18-25 lines) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-0661403 (3rd paragraph, lines 63 to 79) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-126693 (3 paragraphs 14 to 92)

  In Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the difference in specific gravity is small when the crushed metals are selected by the technique of moving the partition plate from the image information, the discharge part is reached along the inclination of the vibrating screen before the sufficient selection is performed. End up. For this reason, there is a problem that the purity of the recovered product is poor and the effect of the movable partition plate is small.

  Further, in Patent Document 3, by providing a baffle plate on a vibrating screen, waste plastic is accumulated at a predetermined height, and the residence time is lengthened, so that even a thing with a large specific gravity can be selected to some extent. However, by providing a baffle plate, the boundary line of the upper layer part and the boundary line of the lower layer part of the selected item can be located at different positions, and foreign matter hidden between the boundary between the upper layer part and the lower layer part due to vibrations is generated in the upper layer part. It may jump out and be discharged outside the partition plate, which is a factor that lowers the purity of the recovered material.

  The crushed material sorting device according to the present invention includes an input portion for introducing crushed materials having different colors and specific gravity, an inclined downward surface that inclines in two directions with the input portion as a top, and ejects airflow from a number of holes, and an inclined downward Recognizing a vibration part that vibrates the surface in a direction with a small inclination angle, a colorless and transparent end slope that provides a step between the inclined descending surface and the discharge part of the crushed material, and image recognition for photographing the crushed material via the end slope And a movable two partition plates provided in the discharge portion.

  The crushed material sorting device according to the present invention includes an input portion for introducing crushed materials having different colors and specific gravity, an inclined downward surface that inclines in two directions with the input portion as a top, and ejects airflow from a number of holes, and an inclined downward Recognizing a vibration part that vibrates the surface in a direction with a small inclination angle, a colorless and transparent end slope that provides a step between the inclined descending surface and the discharge part of the crushed material, and image recognition for photographing the crushed material via the end slope And the two movable partition plates provided in the discharge portion, it is possible to collect light and heavy ratios with high purity.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the crushed material sorting apparatus according to the first embodiment. The vibrating screen 11 vibrates in the direction of the arrow of the vibration direction 17. Here, although not shown in the figure, a vibration part that vibrates the vibration sieve 11 in the direction of the inclination angle β is provided.

  The side slope 11a formed with the inclination angle α with respect to the horizontal line from the input portion 12 of the crushed material 10 and the end slope 11b with the inclination angle β with respect to the horizontal line from the input portion 12 side form an inclined surface in two directions. is doing. For example, the inclination angle α is 5 to 10 degrees, and the inclination angle β is about one third to one half of the inclination angle α. The crushed material 10 having a different color (color) and specific gravity is input from the input unit 12.

  The end slope 11b has a predetermined thickness (height in the vertical oblique direction), and the crushed material 10 can be stacked and is colorless and transparent. Due to the presence of the end slope 11 b, there is a step between the vibrating sieve 11 and the discharge portion 19. Further, the light ratio 10a and the heavy ratio 10b, which are the crushed material 10, can be confirmed by the image recognition device 13 including a CCD camera, an image sensor, and the like from the lower part of the discharge unit 19 through the end slope 11b.

  The vibrating sieve 11 is provided with a number of uniform injection holes having a mesh shape or an appropriate size, and the upward air flow 15 is jetted upward from below the holes. As the vibrating sieve 11 vibrates and an appropriate rising air flow 15 flows from the lower side to the upper side of the vibrating sieve 11, the light ratio 10 a of the crushed material 10 on the vibrating sieve 11 is caused by the rising air flow 15. Since it floats up, it is less susceptible to vibrations than the heavy weight material 10b. Since the light ratio 10a is sometimes lifted by the rising airflow 15, it is less affected by vibrations, and it is less likely to move upward in the inclination direction of the inclination angle β than the heavy ratio 10b. Become. This is because when the energy generated by the vibration of the vibrating screen 11 is lifted, the energy received is reduced.

  Based on this principle, the light ratio 10a is discharged from the light ratio discharge section 16a of the discharge section 19, and the heavy ratio 10b is more susceptible to vibration than the light ratio 10a, so the heavy ratio discharge section 16b of the discharge section 19 is. Discharged from. Further, the mixture of the light ratio 10 a and the heavy ratio 10 b is discharged from the mixture discharge portion 16 c of the discharge portion 19. In addition, what was discharged | emitted from the mixing discharge part 16c will be sorted into the heavy specific product 10b and the light specific product 10a by repeating inputting from the input part 12 again. The shape of the crushed material 10 is preferably a sphere having a diameter of about 10 mm.

  Further, a partition plate 14a is provided between the light ratio discharge portion 16a and the mixture discharge portion 16c, and a partition plate 14b is provided between the mixture discharge portion 16c and the heavy ratio discharge portion 16b. Furthermore, the partition plates 14a and 14b can be divided in specific gravity differences by moving in the direction of the arrow of the movable direction 18. The light ratio 10a and the heavy ratio 10b, which are the crushed material 10, are crushed to a predetermined size or less.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a main part of the crushed material sorting apparatus according to the first embodiment. More specifically, FIG. 2 is a view of the discharge unit 19 as viewed from the direction of A in FIG. In the figure, for example, the vibration sieve 11 is drawn horizontally, but the vibration sieve 11 is inclined at an inclination angle α with respect to the horizontal plane. For this reason, precisely, the figure inclined by the inclination angle α is a figure viewed from the direction of A in FIG.

  The discharge unit 19 is provided with an image recognition device (image recognition unit) 13 for imaging the light ratio material 10a and the heavy ratio material 10b stacked through the colorless and transparent end slope 11b on the back side, and partition plates 14a and 14b are respectively provided. A movable motor 20 and a drive shaft 22 are provided for independent movement.

  By attaching a thin rubber plate 21 to fill the gap between the partition plates 14a and 14b and the discharge portion 19 on the front side, the gap between the movable partition plates 14a and 14b and the discharge portion 19 can be eliminated. Further, the discharge plate can be moved smoothly, and the discharge of the mixture to the light ratio discharge section 16a and the heavy ratio discharge section 16b in the discharge section 19 can be prevented.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an image obtained by the image recognition apparatus according to the first embodiment. More specifically, a situation where the colorless and transparent end slope 11b is imaged from the image recognition device 13 attached to the back side of the discharge unit 19 is illustrated. A state in which the crushed material 10 stays in the end slope 11 is shown.

  Since the end slope 11b has a predetermined height, the mixture is in a laminated state as shown in the figure, and the light ratio is affected by the updraft near the boundary between the light ratio 10a and the heavy ratio 10b. The location where 10a is laminated | stacked on the heavy ratio object 10b arises. For this reason, the boundary line does not exist at the same position in the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion of the end slope 11b.

  In addition, copper can be considered with respect to aluminum as the light ratio 10a and the heavy ratio 10b. For example, a pulverized product 10 obtained by pulverizing a heat exchanger of an air conditioner is an object. For this reason, the light ratio 10a and the heavy ratio 10b clearly have different colors. Therefore, when the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion are confirmed by an image, the reflection characteristics (shading, color, luminance, etc.) are different.

  The distribution state of only the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion is read from the image of the image recognition device 13 taken through the colorless and transparent end slope 11b, and the boundary line of the upper layer portion is set to the X position and the boundary line of the lower layer portion is set to the Y position. In this case, the partition plate 14b on the heavy ratio side is moved to the position of the boundary line X. Further, the partition plate 14a on the light ratio side is moved to the position of the boundary line Y. Thereby, it is possible to prevent foreign matter hidden in the lower layer portion between the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion from being ejected and discharged to the upper layer portion due to vibration.

  Here, in accordance with the image obtained from the image recognition device 13, control for automatically moving the partition plates 14 a and 14 b can be performed via the motor 20. It should be noted that the reflection characteristics can be used for the analysis by the image because the colors are different.

  As described above, the present invention has the following effects. In the crushed material sorting device that uses the crushed material sorting machine to sort crushed pieces with different specific gravity and different colors using the crushed material difference machine, the color of the crushed material is recognized on the back side of the discharge part of the crushed material sorting machine. By installing a recognition device, it is possible to obtain the distribution status of light and heavy ratios in the upper and lower layers from the captured data.

  In addition, by providing a movable partition plate in the discharge part of the crushed material sorting device, the partition plate on the light ratio side becomes the boundary line of the lower layer part from the distribution situation of the upper layer part and the lower layer part obtained from the image recognition device. Since the partition plate on the moving / weight ratio side is moved to the boundary line of the upper layer portion, foreign matter hidden in the lower layer portion can be prevented from jumping out and mixed.

  Furthermore, by providing a colorless and transparent step on the end slope portion of the vibration sieve, it is possible to recognize the state of the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion, and a device and a movable partition plate for recognizing the layered state on the back side of the discharge portion. Since it is used, the contamination rate of foreign substances can be suppressed as compared with the conventional apparatus. As a result, it is possible to recover light and heavy ratios with high purity.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the crushed material sorting apparatus of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the principal part of the crushed material sorting apparatus of Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an image by the image recognition apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10 Crushed material, 10a Light ratio, 10b Heavy ratio, 11 Vibrating sieve, 11a Side slope, 11b End slope, 12 Input part, 13 Image recognition device, 14a Partition plate, 14b Partition plate, 15 Ascending air flow, 16a Light ratio Material discharge section, 16b Heavy ratio discharge section, 16c Mixture discharge section, 17 Vibration direction, 18 Movable direction, 19 Discharge section, 20 Motor, 21 Rubber plate, 22 Drive shaft.

Claims (3)

An input unit for supplying crushed materials having different colors and specific gravity;
An inclined descending surface that inclines in two directions with the charging portion as a vertex and ejects airflow from a number of holes,
A vibrating portion that vibrates the inclined descending surface in a direction in which the angle of inclination is small;
A colorless and transparent end slope providing a step between the inclined descending surface and the discharge part of the crushed material,
An image recognition unit that captures the crushed material via the end slope;
A crushed material sorting apparatus comprising two movable partition plates provided in the discharge section. The crushed material sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the position of the partition plate is set based on an image obtained from the image recognition unit. The crushed material according to claim 2, wherein the two partition plates are arranged in accordance with locations where reflection characteristics change between an upper layer portion and a lower layer portion of an image of the crushed material staying on the end slope. Sorting device.

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