JP2009100741A - Method for mushroom-bed cultivation of lyophyllum decastes - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for stable mushroom-bed cultivation of Lyophyllum decastes without causing uneven mycelium extension, mycelium spread, yield, etc. <P>SOLUTION: The method for the mushroom-bed cultivation of Lyophyllum decastes uses a solid spawn and contains the following steps: (a) a step to finely divide a cultured solid spawn; and (b) a step to continuously charge the solid spawn divided in the step (a) to the bottom of an inoculation hole bored from the upper part of the medium toward the bottom of the medium in a culture vessel. The method for the mushroom-bed cultivation of Lyophyllum decastes prevents the delay of mycelium spread and the uneven growth and yield and reduces the saprophyte contamination risk. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating fungus bed of Hatake shimeji (scientific name: Lyophyllum decades).

  Hatake-shimeji is a mushroom that occurs widely in the vicinity of people's houses, in fields, and in forests from summer to autumn. The taste is very good and the meat quality is harder and more crisp than hon-shimeji mushroom, and it is preferred to be edible.

  In recent years, fungus bed cultivation methods have been established for artificial cultivation using a culture medium that is mainly mixed with sawdust and rice bran in enokitake, oyster mushrooms, bunashimeji, namoko, etc. Can be harvested. Hatake shimeji is also useful as an edible mushroom, and various cultivation methods have been studied. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for obtaining a fruit body of a hatake shimeji with a volume feeling mainly composed of a hemispherical shape or a bun shape. In recent years, commercial fungus cultivation of Hatake shimeji has been carried out in various places.

  However, in the fungus bed cultivation of Hatake shimeji, compared with other mushrooms, there is unevenness in hyphal elongation, fungal rotation, yield, etc., and it was still insufficient for carrying out stable commercial cultivation.

JP-A-10-178890

  An object of the present invention is to provide a stable method for cultivating a fungus bed that does not cause unevenness in hyphal elongation, fungus rotation, and yield.

  As a result of examining various cultivation conditions effective for improving the efficiency of fungus bed cultivation of Hatake shimeji, the present inventors have found that mycelium of Hatake shimeji is different from other mushrooms, and the mycelium is only directly from the contact surface of the inoculated inoculum and culture medium. Since invasion into the culture medium starts, if the amount of inoculum in the inoculation hole is insufficient when inoculating the inoculum, the spread of hyphae in the culture bottle, especially in the lower part of the bin, becomes extremely slow. For the first time, it was found that it causes prolonged cultivation days. That is, the present inventors have found that inoculum inoculums developed and used for other mushroom cultivations are not suitable for commercial cultivation of Hatake shimeji in fungus bed cultivation of Hatake shimeji. Furthermore, as a result of intensive investigations on a commercial scale cultivation method for Hatake shimeji mushrooms that allows a sufficient amount of inoculum to be introduced into the inoculation hole, the inoculation hole can be obtained without storing the shredded solid inoculum on the inoculum inoculator. It is possible for the first time to introduce a sufficient amount of inoculum into the inoculation hole for the first time, and surprisingly, the survival of the inoculum and the elongation of the hyphae are surprisingly accelerated, resulting in a delay in the bacteria circulation. The present inventors have found that the risk of contamination contamination is reduced by eliminating, shortening the number of cultivation days, and further spreading of Hatakeshimeji hyphae first, and thus completed the present invention.

That is, when the present invention is outlined, the first invention of the present invention relates to a method for cultivating a bed of scallop shimeji mushroom using a solid inoculum, which includes the following steps.
(A) a step of chopping the cultured solid inoculum, and (b) chopping in (a) from the top of the medium in the cultivation container to the bottom of the inoculation hole projecting toward the bottom of the medium The process of continuously feeding solid inoculum.

  In the aspect of the first invention of the present invention, the shredded solid inoculum is continuously continuously added without storing. In another embodiment, the present invention is a method for cultivating a bed of scallop shimeji mushroom in which the upper part of the medium in the cultivation container and the inoculation hole are substantially covered with the shredded solid inoculum. In still another embodiment, a step of adding a vibration treatment or a hammering treatment to the culture medium at the time of and / or after the injection of the chopped solid inoculum into the inoculation hole can be included. In the first invention of the present invention, the shredded solid inoculum preferably has a particle size in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh as a main part. “Substantially covered” means that the chopped solid inoculum continuously introduced into the inoculation hole covers at least 50% or more of the upper part of the culture medium. The crack is covered.

  Further, according to the present invention, there is also a solid inoculum of Hatake shimeji mushroom characterized in that it is a solid inoculum that has been shredded according to the present invention and has a particle size of 4.7 to 12 mesh as a main part. Provided.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the chopped solid inoculum having a constitution in which the solid inoculum having a particle size in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh is a main part from the top of the medium in the cultivation container to the bottom of the inoculation hole. Is also provided, and a culture medium for Hatake-shimeji mushroom bed cultivation in which the upper part of the medium in the cultivation container and the inoculation hole part are substantially shredded with the solid inoculum is also provided.

  According to the present invention, a method for cultivating Hatake shimeji mushroom bed using the medium is provided, and the first invention of the present invention is suitably implemented using the medium.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fungus bed cultivation method for Hatake shimeji without delaying around bacteria, growth, unevenness in yield, and greatly reducing the risk of contamination with bacteria due to prolonged cultivation days. Become. The present invention is particularly useful in commercial large-scale fungus bed cultivation.

The present invention will be specifically described below.
The solid inoculum used in the present invention is a solid inoculum obtained by chopping Hatake-shimeji mushroom culture, and is not particularly limited, but can be produced using bottles, bags, and boxes.

  Examples of suitable Hatake-Shimeji strains used in the present invention include Hatake-Shimeji K-3303 strain (FERM BP-4347), Hatake-Shimeji K-3304 strain (FERM BP-4348), Hatake-Shimeji K-3305 strain (FERM BP-4349). ), Hatake-Shimeji F-623 strain (FERM P-13165), Hatake-Shimeji F-1154 strain (FERM P-13166), Hatake-Shimeji F-1488 strain (FERM P-13167), and mutants thereof. The strains that can be used are not limited to these strains.

  Hereinafter, a method for producing a solid inoculum using a bottle will be described as an example. Usually, a solid inoculum of Hatake shimeji is produced through the steps of medium preparation, bottle filling, sterilization, inoculation, culture, and shredding of the inoculum.

  The culture medium preparation is a process for producing a culture medium by adding a nutrient material or the like to the culture medium support and stirring the mixture to adjust the water content. In the production of solid inoculum, usually, as a medium support, a substrate having a medium gap and holding water, such as sawdust, corn cob, cottonseed husk, etc., is used. Sugiogakuzu is used for. Further, as nutrients, those having good hyphae mycelium growth, such as rice bran, wheat bran, corn bran, okara, mameka and the like are used. These base materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The ratio of the medium support and the nutrient material varies depending on the particle size, bulk specific gravity of the medium support and nutrient material to be used, or the container to be used, but is 0.5: 1 to 10: 1 by dry weight ratio, preferably 0. .7: 1 to 5: 1 is preferred. The medium includes materials described in JP-A-5-192035, that is, one or more materials selected from the group consisting of the following (1) to (4): (1) aluminum, (2) aluminum compound, (3) alkaline earth A metal compound, (4) Okara can be mixed with the medium as appropriate. In addition, the bacteria-surrounding improver described in JP-A-7-303419 is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, alginic acid, itaconic acid, silicic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, and lactic acid. Can be used by appropriately mixing the acid or the like with the medium. For example, when an 1100 mL bottle is used as an example of a medium, Sugiogakuzu and rice bran are mixed at a dry weight ratio of about 1: 1 (about 130 g each), and further 1 to 5 g of magnesium aluminate metasilicate or aluminosilicate. Examples thereof include a medium containing calcium, 1 to 10 g of calcium carbonate, and 1 to 5 g of citric acid monohydrate. Further, various components used as various pH adjusters, mycelial growth promoters, and yield enhancers can be added to the medium. Although the moisture content of a culture medium is suitably set according to the property of the culture medium to be used, for example, it is 50 to 75%, preferably 60 to 70%. Moreover, it is preferable to adjust pH at the time of culture medium preparation to 6.6-8.0 from a viewpoint of shortening the culture | cultivation days of Hatake-shimeji mycelium.

  Bottled is a process of filling a culture medium in a bottle container. In the production of solid inoculum, a suitable amount of medium is packed in a heat-resistant wide-mouth bottle having a volume of 200 to 1300 mL, preferably 500 to 1200 mL, more preferably 850 to 1100 mL, and a hole stick is placed at the center of the upper part of the medium toward the bottom of the medium. Insert and open a hole (inoculation hole) of about 10-50 mm and plug. The amount of culture medium packed into the bottle can be set as appropriate according to the capacity and shape of the bottle. For example, when using a 850 mL bottle made of polypropylene [manufactured by Shin-Etsu Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd.], 500 to 700 g, more preferably It is preferable to pack 600 g. When using a 1100 mL bottle [manufactured by Yamada Sangyo Co., Ltd.], it is preferable to pack 700 g to 900 g, more preferably 800 g. It is preferable to form the inoculation hole in a tapered shape by using a drilling rod having a taper shape with a thick base and a thin tip at the drilling rod used for forming the inoculation hole. In this way, a bottled medium having an inoculation hole projecting from the top of the medium toward the bottom of the medium can be produced.

  Sterilization is a step of killing substantially all microorganisms in the medium. In the production of solid inoculum, it is usually 95 to 110 ° C. for 4 to 12 hours for normal pressure sterilization, and 101 to 125 ° C. for high pressure sterilization. Preferably, it is performed at 120 ° C. for 30 to 120 minutes.

  Inoculation is a process of aseptically planting mushroom mycelium that has been preliminarily grown on a cooled medium after sterilization. In the production of solid inoculum, 5-50 mL of culture grown in a liquid medium is planted. Alternatively, 5 to 50 g of a culture grown on a solid medium can be used.

  Culturing is a process of growing mycelium of Hatake shimeji. In the production of the solid inoculum in the present invention, the mycelium is usually grown in an inoculated culture medium at 18 to 28 ° C. and humidity of 40 to 80%. This step is usually performed for 20 to 120 days.

  The shredding of the inoculum is a process in which the inoculum is shredded and scraped out from the medium in which the mycelium has spread through the culture process. By reducing the particle size of the shredded solid inoculum (also referred to as shredded solid inoculum in the present specification), the inoculum can be continuously continuously introduced into the inoculation hole efficiently in the inoculation step of the inoculum described later. However, when the particle size of the solid inoculum is too small, the shredded solid inoculum is introduced very densely into the inoculation hole, and no appropriate void is formed in the inoculation hole, so that oxygen for hyphal growth is sufficient. It may not be secured. Further, if the solid inoculum is shredded excessively, it delays the surroundings of the fungus due to the effect of physical stimulation on the hyphae, and induces hyphal mutation. Therefore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, from the viewpoint of efficiently continuous injection of the solid inoculum into the inoculation hole, and the hyphae from the input solid inoculum efficiently establishes and spreads in the medium. It is preferable that the main part of the chopped solid inoculum has a particle size in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh, and preferably 40% by weight or more of the chopped solid inoculum has a particle size of 4. More preferably, 50% by weight or more of the chopped solid inoculum is in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh, most preferably 50 of the chopped solid inoculum. ˜70% by weight or more is in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh. As described in Examples 1 and 2 to be described later, the solid inoculum having such a particle size is smaller in particle size than the normal inoculum of normal Hatake shimeji, and a sufficient amount continues to the bottom of the inoculation hole of the medium. It is suitable for the establishment and growth of mycelia. Production of the solid inoculum having the particle size as described above is not particularly limited. For example, the scraper blade used for scraping the inoculum from the bottle is changed from a two-blade shape to a three-blade shape. It is possible to produce a solid inoculum scraped from a bottle that is rotated at a speed higher than usual, further miniaturized by applying a physical stimulus, or a combination of these techniques.

  In the specification of the present application, “the particle size is in a range of 4.7 to 12 mesh” means that the particle size is in a range that passes through a sieve of 4.7 mesh and does not pass through a sieve of 12 mesh. For example, “40% by weight or more of the chopped solid inoculum is in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh particle size” means that among the chopped solid inoculum, it passes through a 4.7 mesh sieve and is 12 mesh. This means that 40% by weight or more of solid inoculum having a particle size that does not pass through the sieve is contained. Here, “pass through the sieve” means that the inoculated solid inoculum is placed on a JIS standard sieve having a mesh to be measured immediately after the shredded solid inoculum is shredded, It means passing through a sieve by giving a drop vibration of the scale 60 for 3 minutes using SS-S-230 (manufactured by Tokyo Shinohara Co., Ltd.). Further, “does not pass through the sieve” means that the sieve does not pass through the same test. In addition, when carrying out a particle size measurement test using a plurality of different sieve sizes, as described in Examples 1 and 2 below, a plurality of sieves are installed and used in SS-S-230. Measurements can be performed.

  In the present specification, the “main part” indicates that the proportion of the inoculated solid inoculum is the largest. For example, “the main part is the chopped solid inoculum having a particle size in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh” means the proportion of the chopped solid inoculum having the particle size in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh (% By weight) is greater than the proportion of chopped solid inoculum that does not pass through a 4.7 mesh sieve and greater than the proportion of chopped solid inoculum that passes through 12 mesh Means that.

  As mentioned above, although the method using a bottle in the method for producing an inoculum of mushroom has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited only to the method described above, and can be used after being cultured in a bag, a box or the like. .

  Next, a method for cultivating a bamboo scallop using the shredded solid inoculum used in the present invention will be described in detail. The fungus bed cultivation method of Hatake shimeji includes bottle cultivation, bag cultivation, box cultivation, etc., as well as methods used for mushroom cultivation such as enokitake, oyster mushrooms, beech shimeji, etc. The method comprises the steps of medium preparation, bottle filling, sterilization, inoculation, culture, fungi-scaling, budding, growth, and harvesting. Furthermore, bottle cultivation will be specifically described.

  The medium preparation, bottle filling and sterilization steps can be carried out in the same manner as the medium preparation, bottle filling and sterilization steps in the production of the solid inoculum described above. However, as for the formation of the inoculation hole part in the bottle filling process, from the viewpoint of realizing the introduction of a sufficient amount of inoculum into the inoculation hole part in the later inoculation process, the drilling rod used is a part that contacts the upper part of the medium ( The base portion has a diameter of 20 to 50 mm, preferably 25 to 40 mm, and the tip portion has a diameter of 10 to 40 mm, preferably 15 to 35 mm, and has a tapered shape with a thick base portion and a thin tip portion. It is preferable. In addition, regarding the shape of the inoculation hole portion to be formed, the diameter of the inoculation hole portion on the upper side of the medium is 20 to 50 mm, preferably 25 to 40 mm, and the smallest diameter of the inoculation hole portion on the bottom side of the medium is 10 It is preferably ˜40 mm, preferably 15 to 35 mm, and is preferably set so that the upper part is thick and the bottom part is thin, and the inoculation hole part penetrates to the lowest part of the medium.

In the inoculation step in the cultivation method of the present invention, the solid inoculum is aseptically planted in the cooled medium. In the cultivation method of the present invention,
(A) a step of chopping the cultured solid inoculum, and (b) chopping in (a) from the top of the medium in the cultivation container to the bottom of the inoculation hole projecting toward the bottom of the medium A process of continuously injecting solid inoculum,
By inoculating, inoculum is performed. In the present specification, “continuous input” means that the inoculated solid inoculum is continuously inoculated from the upper part of the culture medium in the cultivation container to the inoculation hole, particularly the bottom of the inoculation hole. means. Inoculation in artificial commercial large-scale fungus bed cultivation such as bunashimeji and enokitake is carried out using an inoculum inoculator. Usually, the inoculum is scraped by scraping the solid inoculum from the inoculum bottle with a scraping blade, temporarily storing a predetermined amount in a saucer etc. in order to make the inoculum inoculum uniform, and then directing the solid inoculum toward the top of the medium Is inoculated. The present inventors have also used the same inoculum inoculum for the cultivation of Hatake shimeji mushrooms. However, in the commercial cultivation of Hatake shimeji, it is confirmed that the use of such an inoculator is ultimately unsuitable for commercial cultivation. I found it. That is, when inoculating the inoculum stored in a receiving tray or the like, which is normally performed, into the inoculation hole portion, the inoculum of the inoculum is generated, and as a result, it is introduced as a large lump. For this reason, most of the inoculum is placed on the upper part of the medium, and the inoculation of a sufficient amount of the inoculum into the inoculation hole is a cause of delay in growth and uneven growth in commercial cultivation of Hatake Shimeji. The present inventors found out for the first time. In the present invention, by injecting the chopped solid inoculum continuously without storing it, it is possible to implement inoculum appropriate to the inoculation hole, particularly the bottom of the inoculation hole. In the case of using the inoculum in the present invention, it is sufficient to use an inoculum that is configured so that the solid inoculum scraped from the bottle is continuously put into the inoculation hole and the upper part of the medium without accumulating. More preferably, the chopped solid inoculum is introduced into the cultivation container through a hopper for inducing appropriate introduction into the bottom of the inoculation hole. In addition, an operation of dropping a sufficient amount of the shredded solid inoculum on the top of the culture medium to the bottom of the inoculation hole by giving vibration or blow to the culture bottle in which the shredded solid inoculum of the present invention has been continuously added. You may carry out.

  The inoculated amount of the shredded solid inoculum is continuously charged from the top of the medium in the cultivation container to the bottom of the inoculation hole, and the upper part of the culture medium and the inoculation hole in the cultivation container are thinned. It suffices to inoculate a sufficient amount to substantially cover with the cut off solid inoculum. In this specification, the term “sufficient amount” means that the chopped solid inoculum is continuously added from the top of the medium in the cultivation container to the bottom of the inoculation hole, and the upper part of the culture medium and the inoculation hole in the cultivation container are narrowed. The amount that can be substantially covered with the cut off solid inoculum. What is necessary is just to set the usage-amount of the shredded solid inoculum suitably by the cultivation container to be used, the amount of culture media, etc. For example, when a 1100 mL bottle is used, the diameter of the inoculation hole on the upper side of the medium is 20 to 50 mm, and the diameter of the most detailed inoculation hole on the bottom side of the medium is 10 to 40 mm, 20 to 50 g per bottle, The inoculation of about 30 to 40 g is preferable. In addition, although there are no particular limitations on the inoculation process of the inoculum in the production of the solid inoculum and the inoculation process of Hatake shimeji of the inoculum, it can be performed as a series of operations using the inoculum.

  In the culturing step in the cultivation method of the present invention, the inoculated culture medium is spread at a temperature of 18 to 28 ° C. and a humidity of 40 to 80%, and further ripened. The number of days required for this step varies depending on the bottle capacity and the like, but is usually 50 to 120 days, preferably about 80 days. As described in Examples 1 and 2 to be described later, the culture period can be shortened by using a shredded solid inoculum having a particle size of 4.7 to 12 mesh as described above. . For example, when culture using 1100 mL bottles is performed, the culture days can be completed in 40 to 70 days. Bacterial scraping is a process of scraping off the inoculum part and the culture medium surface to promote primordial formation. Usually, after scraping the fungus, water is immediately put into the bottle mouth and drained immediately after 5 hours, but this addition operation is omitted. You can also.

  Sprouting is a step of forming a fruiting body primordium, usually 10 to 20 ° C., preferably 15 to 17 ° C., a relative humidity of 80% or more, preferably 100% or more, and an illuminance of 1000 lux or less, preferably 10 to 10 ° C. Conducted at 100 lux for 8-20 days. In addition, since dew condensation water is likely to be generated by humidification, the fungus floor may be covered with a perforated polysheet or corrugated sheet for the purpose of preventing wetting, and sprouting may be performed by inverting the cultivation bottle. . Moreover, you may add an appropriate earth covering material, such as red jade soil and Kanuma soil, to the fungus floor.

  In the specification of the present application, the high humidification condition in which the relative humidity exceeds 100% refers to a state in which the water is humidified more than the saturated water vapor amount and the water drifts as fog. In this specification, in order to quantify such a highly humidified state, an apparatus (trade name: Humiai 100) manufactured by Kashiwamiya Seisakusho Co., Ltd. was used for the measurement. This apparatus uses a method in which moisture in the air is lowered by heating, and after the detection by a humidity sensor, the decrease due to heating is corrected. For this reason, the numerical value indicated by this device is the same as the relative humidity below 100%, but if it exceeds 100%, the amount of water contained in the air is converted to water vapor and expressed as a ratio to the amount of saturated water vapor. It becomes the numerical value. In addition, it is easy to use humidifiers, such as an ultrasonic humidifier, a steam-type humidifier, and a spray-type humidifier, as the method of humidifying.

  Growth is a process of forming a mature fruit body from a fruit body primordium, and is performed for 5 to 16 days under substantially the same conditions as the normal sprouting process. In the growing process, it is less susceptible to wetting by condensed water, so it is preferable not to coat. In addition, the growth process may be divided into an early growth process (3 to 10 days) and a late growth process (3 to 10 days), and the humidification conditions of the late growth process may be reduced from the previous growth process to carry out the growth.

  Through the above process, a fruit body of Hatake-shimeji is obtained, harvested and the entire cultivation process is completed. In addition, although this invention was demonstrated by the bottle cultivation method, this invention is not limited to the said bottle cultivation.

  Hereinafter, the fungus bed cultivation method of Hatake shimeji mushroom according to the present invention will be described more specifically with examples, but the present invention is not limited only to the scope of the following examples.

Example 1
PGY liquid medium (composition: glucose 2.0%, peptone 0.2%, yeast extract 0.2%, KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.05%, and MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O 0.05%, pH 6. 0) Hatake shimeji K-3304 (FERM BP-4348) was inoculated into 100 mL and cultured at 25 ° C. for 14 days to obtain a liquid inoculum. On the other hand, polypropylene wide-mouth culture bottles [850 mL, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd.], sawdust (cedar wood) 100 g, rice bran 86 g, magnesium metasilicate aluminate [manufactured by Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name Neusilin FH ₁ ] 2 g, calcium carbonate [manufactured by Nacalai Tesque Co., Ltd., grade 1], citric acid monohydrate (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque Co., Ltd., grade 1), 3% water content, 63% water content, mixed well and wetted The inoculation hole having a diameter of about 1 cm was opened in the center, and after plugging, pasteurization was performed at 118 ° C. for 90 minutes under high-pressure steam sterilization, followed by cooling to prepare a solid culture medium. This was inoculated with about 20 mL of the above liquid inoculum, cultured for 63 days under conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 55%, and used for the solid inoculum described below.

Next, a polypropylene wide-mouth culture bottle [1100 mL, manufactured by Yamada Sangyo Co., Ltd.], sawdust (cedar wood) 134 g, rice bran 130 g, magnesium metasilicate aluminate [manufactured by Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name Neusilin FH ₁ ] 2.6 g, calcium carbonate [manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, Inc., reagent grade] 6.5 g, citric acid monohydrate [manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, Inc., reagent grade] 3.9 g, water content 65%, The well-mixed and moistened material is crushed, and an inoculation hole penetrating to the bottom of the medium having a diameter of about 3 cm at the top of the medium and a diameter of about 2 cm at the bottom of the medium is opened in the center with a drilling rod. Were subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization for 90 minutes and allowed to cool to prepare 16 solid culture media. To this, about 35 g of the solid inoculum after culturing is remodeled with an automatic inoculator GSII type [the scraping blade is remodeled from a normal 2-blade to a 3-blade, and the rotation speed of the scraping blade is doubled as compared with the normal type: Ogiwara Seiki Co., Ltd.], and continuously dropping and inoculating the top of the medium and the inoculation hole, especially the bottom of the inoculation hole, without storing the solid inoculum scraped and shredded Example 1 was adopted.

  On the other hand, in the same manner as in Example 1, 16 solid culture media were prepared, and about 35 g of the solid inoculum after the same culture was spread on an automatic inoculator GSII type [scraping blade 2 blades, scraping blade rotation speed is also normal. Remaining: Ogiwara Seiki Co., Ltd.] was used, and the solid inoculum scraped and shredded was stored in a tray once in a normal setting, and then dropped into a solid culture medium and inoculated.

  When the inoculated solid inoculum of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was confirmed, the upper part of the medium was apparently covered with the solid inoculum in any test group. However, in Example 1, the solid inoculum was sufficiently charged from the top of the culture medium to the bottom of the inoculation hole in Example 1, whereas in Comparative Example 1, the amount of solid inoculum in the inoculation hole was clearly small. It was. In addition, the shredded solid inoculum is a swing-type sieve shaker equipped with a 4.7 mesh, 5.5 mesh, 6.5 mesh, 7.5 mesh, 8.6 mesh, 12 mesh JIS standard sieve. Using a machine SS-S-230 [manufactured by Tokyo Shinohara Co., Ltd.], the particle size distribution of each solid inoculum was measured by applying a drop vibration of the scale 60 for 3 minutes.

  The culture medium inoculated with the above solid inoculum is cultured in the dark at 23 ° C and 60% humidity after inoculation, and apparently the surface of the bottle is covered with all the mycelium of the bamboo shoots. The number of days until. Then, after further culturing for 30 days, the fungus was scraped to remove the mycelium layer of about 1 cm from the top of the culture medium, tap water was added to the bottle mouth, and then immediately drained and subjected to the sprouting step. The sprouting step was controlled to a range of 115 to 120% as a display value of Humiai 100 (manufactured by Kakinomiya Seisakusho) with an illuminance of 50 lux, a temperature of 16 ° C., and the carbon dioxide concentration was controlled to a range of 1000 ppm to 1500 ppm. . In order to avoid condensed water, the bottle was inverted and cultured for 11 days to form a fruiting body primordium.

  The culture medium on which the primordial group was formed was inverted and placed and transferred to the early growth process. In the early growth process, the illuminance was 500 lux, the temperature was 16 ° C., and the humidification was controlled to the range of 115 to 120% as the display value of Humiai 100, the carbon dioxide concentration was controlled to the range of 1000 ppm to 2000 ppm, and the culture was continued for 6 days. .

  The culture medium was then transferred to the late growth process. In the late growth process, the illuminance is 500 lux, the temperature is 16 ° C., the humidification is controlled to the range of 95 to 105% as the display value of Humiai 100, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled to the range of 1000 ppm to 2000 ppm, and the culture is continued for 7 days. I got a mature fruiting body.

  For the harvested bamboo shoots, the fruiting body yield per bottle was measured, and the influence of the solid inoculum size and the method of inoculation on the bed cultivation of the bamboo shoots was investigated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the particle size distribution of the chopped solid inoculum obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. In Table 1, “ON” means not passing through the described mesh sieve, and “pass” means passing through the described mesh sieve. In Table 2, the number of days around the bacteria is apparently the number of days until the mycelium covers the surface of the bottle, and the total number of cultivation days is shown as an average value of 16 cultivation results obtained by cultivating the number of days until fruiting harvest after inoculation with the solid inoculum.

  From the above results, Example 1 in which the solid inoculum particle size was fine and a sufficient amount of solid inoculum was added to the bottom of the inoculation hole was shorter than that in Comparative Example 1, and the number of days around cultivation and the number of cultivation days were shorter. The yield was also shown to be high. As for the yield, Example 1 produced a stable and high yield as a whole, while Comparative Example 1 produced uneven yield.

Example 2
Example 2 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the culture period was 77 days, the bottle volume was 1100 mL, the liquid inoculum inoculation amount was 30 mL, and the medium composition was packed in an appropriate amount at the same mixing ratio according to the 1100 mL bottle volume. Four bottles cultured for the solid inoculum for use were prepared. In addition, one bottle cultivated for the solid inoculum for Comparative Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the culture days were 77 days.

Next, a calcium aluminosilicate compound (manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) having a weight ratio of Al ₂ O ₃ : CaO: SiO ₂ = 1: 2: 1 was used instead of magnesium aluminate metasilicate. In the same manner as in Example 1, 32 solid culture mediums were prepared, each of which had an inoculation hole penetrating to the bottom of the culture medium having a diameter of about 3 cm and a bottom of the culture medium of about 2 cm in the center of the top of the culture medium using a drilling rod. In 16 of these, approximately 35 g of the above-mentioned solid inoculum was remodeled from the automatic inoculator Tough Seeds H N-7000 [the speed of the scraping blade was increased to 1.7 times that of the normal type, and the solid inoculum was directly added continuously. To the top of the medium and the inoculation hole, especially the bottom of the inoculation hole, without storing the solid inoculum scraped and shredded, Example 2 was adopted. On the other hand, the remaining 16 were inoculated using an automatic inoculator GSII type [Ogiwara Seiki Co., Ltd.] in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 to obtain Comparative Example 2.

  When the inoculated solid inoculum of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 was confirmed, the upper part of the culture medium was apparently covered with the solid inoculum in any of the test sections. Whereas the solid inoculum was sufficiently inoculated to the bottom of the inoculation hole, in Comparative Example 2, the amount of inoculation of the solid inoculum in the inoculation hole was clearly small. In the same manner as described in Example 1, the chopped solid inoculum was measured for the particle size distribution of each solid inoculum.

  The culture medium inoculated with the solid inoculum was cultured, fungus scraped, sprouted, and grown in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain mature fruit bodies.

  For the harvested bamboo shoots, the fruiting body yield per bottle was measured, and the influence of the solid inoculum size and the method of inoculation on the bed cultivation of the bamboo shoots was investigated. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. Table 3 shows the particle size distribution of the chopped solid inoculum obtained in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2. In Table 4, the number of days around the bacteria is apparently the number of days until the mycelium covers the surface of the bottle, and the total number of cultivation days is shown as an average value of 16 cultivation results obtained by cultivating the number of days until the fruit body harvest after inoculation with the solid inoculum.

  From the above results, Example 2 in which the inoculum particle size is finer and a sufficient amount of solid inoculum was introduced into the inoculation hole has a shorter number of days and cultivation days and a higher fruiting body yield than Comparative Example 2. It has been shown. Regarding the yield, Example 2 produced a stable and high yield as a whole, while Comparative Example 2 produced uneven yield.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a method for cultivating Hatake shimeji mushroom bed without delaying around bacteria, growth, and yield unevenness, and reducing the risk of contamination with bacteria. The present invention is particularly useful in commercial large scale cultivation.

Claims (6)

A method for cultivating Hatake shimeji mushroom beds using a solid inoculum, comprising the following steps:
(A) a step of chopping the cultured solid inoculum, and (b) chopping in (a) from the top of the medium in the cultivation container to the bottom of the inoculation hole projecting toward the bottom of the medium The process of continuously feeding solid inoculum.   The method for cultivating the bed of scallop shimeji mushroom according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the culture medium and the inoculation hole in the cultivation container are substantially covered with the chopped solid inoculum.   The method for cultivating a bed of scallop shimeji mushroom according to claim 1, comprising a step of adding a vibration treatment and / or a striking treatment to the medium at the time of and / or after the injection of the chopped solid inoculum into the inoculation hole.   The method for cultivating Hatake shimeji mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the chopped solid inoculum is a solid inoculum mainly having a particle size in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh.   A solid inoculum of Hatake shimeji mushroom, characterized in that the main inoculum is a chopped solid inoculum whose particle size is in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh.   A medium for cultivating a fungus bed for obtaining Hatake shimeji fruiting bodies, wherein the solid inoculum has a particle size in the range of 4.7 to 12 mesh from the top of the medium in the cultivation container to the bottom of the inoculation hole. A culture medium for cultivating Hatake shimeji mushrooms, in which a shredded solid inoculum having a constitution to be continuously introduced and the upper part of the medium in the cultivation container and the inoculation hole is substantially covered with the shredded solid inoculum.