JP2009081468A - Ga2O3-BASED SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF Ga2O3-BASED SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a Ga<SB>2</SB>O<SB>3</SB>-based compound semiconductor which uses a Ga<SB>2</SB>O<SB>3</SB>-based compound as a semiconductor, has electrodes that allow to obtain ohmic characteristics suitable for the semiconductor, and eliminates heat treatment to obtain ohmic characteristics. <P>SOLUTION: An n-type electrode 20 composed of at least a Ti layer is formed on the lower face of an n-type β-Ga<SB>2</SB>O<SB>3</SB>substrate 2 by a PLD method. The n-type electrode 20 has ohmic characteristics at 25°C. The n-type electrode 20 may be two layers composed of a Ti layer and an Au layer, three layers composed of a Ti layer, an Al layer and an Au layer, or four layers composed of a Ti layer, an Al layer, an Ni layer and an Au layer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a Ga ₂ O ₃ -based semiconductor element used for LED (light emitting diode), LD (laser diode), etc., and in particular, a Ga ₂ O ₃ -based compound is used as a semiconductor, and ohmic characteristics suitable for this are obtained. The present invention relates to a Ga ₂ O ₃ -based compound semiconductor that has an electrode that can be used and that does not require heat treatment for obtaining ohmic characteristics.

  Conventionally, nitride semiconductors, in particular, gallium nitride (GaN) compound semiconductor light-emitting elements have been used in light-emitting devices such as LEDs and LDs (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Patent Document 1 discloses a GaN-based blue light emitting device in which a sapphire substrate, a buffer layer, an n-type gallium nitride compound semiconductor layer, an n-type cladding layer, an n-type active layer, a p-type cladding layer, and a p-type contact layer are stacked. Are listed. This conventional GaN-based blue light emitting device emits light at an emission wavelength of 370 nm.

Japanese Patent No. 2778405 (FIG. 1)

However, in the conventional GaN-based blue light-emitting element, it is difficult to obtain a light-emitting element that emits light in the ultraviolet region of a shorter wavelength because of the band gap. Therefore, in recent years, Ga ₂ O ₃ is expected as a substance having a larger band gap and capable of emitting light in the ultraviolet region.

Accordingly, a first object of the present invention, using a Ga ₂ O ₃ system compound as a semiconductor, ohmic characteristics adapted to provide a Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor device having an electrode to be obtained.

In addition, a second object of the present invention is to provide a Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor element that can eliminate the need for heat treatment for obtaining ohmic characteristics.

In order to achieve the first object, the first invention comprises an n-type layer made of a β-Ga ₂ O ₃ compound semiconductor having n-type conductivity, and a Ti layer formed on the n-type layer. The electrode provides a Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor element that is in ohmic contact with the n-type layer.

In order to achieve the above second object, the second invention provides a step of preparing an n-type layer made of a β-Ga ₂ O ₃ compound semiconductor having n-type conductivity, and a Ti layer on the n-type layer. Forming an Au layer or an Al layer on the Ti layer, applying a heat treatment to the n-type layer on which the Ti layer and the Au layer or the Al layer are formed, and method for producing a _Ga 2 _{O 3} based semiconductor device comprising providing.

According to _Ga 2 _{O 3} based semiconductor device of the first aspect of the invention, _Ga 2 _{O 3} compound semiconductor for good crystallinity, the contact resistance between the _Ga 2 _{O 3} compound n-type layer made of a semiconductor and an electrode Ti layer Therefore, it is possible to have an electrode that can obtain ohmic characteristics suitable for a Ga ₂ O ₃ -based compound semiconductor.

According to _Ga 2 _{O 3} based semiconductor device of the second aspect of the invention, contact between the _Ga 2 _{O 3} for compound crystal of the semiconductor can be, Ti layer is an n-type layer and an electrode made of _Ga 2 _{O 3} system compound semiconductor Since the resistance is reduced, it is possible to dispense with heat treatment for obtaining ohmic characteristics.

It is sectional drawing which shows the light emitting element which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the light emitting element which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the light emitting element which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the light emitting element which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. 2 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram of Example 1. FIG. 6 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Example 2. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes at 300 degreeC in Example 2. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes at 600 degreeC in Example 2. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes at 700 degreeC in Example 2. FIG. 6 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Example 3. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining at 800 degreeC in Example 3 for 5 minutes. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure in 25 degreeC in Example 4. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining at 700 degreeC in Example 4 for 5 minutes. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes at 800 degreeC in Example 4. 10 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Example 5. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes at 400 degreeC in Example 5. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes at 800 degreeC in Example 5. FIG. 6 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Comparative Example 1. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 10 minutes at 100 degreeC in the comparative example 1. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 10 minutes at 200 degreeC in the comparative example 1. 6 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Comparative Example 2. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 10 minutes at 100 degreeC in the comparative example 2. 10 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Comparative Example 3. FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining at 100 degreeC in Comparative Example 3 for 30 second. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes at 100 degreeC in the comparative example 3. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 30 second at 200 degreeC in the comparative example 3. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes at 200 degreeC in the comparative example 3.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a light emitting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The light emitting element 1, _β-Ga 2 _{O 3} compound to the n-type _β-Ga 2 _{O 3} substrate 2 made of semiconductor, β-AlGaO ₃ Compound n-type an n-type conductivity comprising a semiconductor β-AlGaO ₃ cladding layer 4, active layer 5 made of β-Ga ₂ O ₃ , p-type β-AlGaO ₃ cladding layer 6 showing p-type conductivity, and p-type β showing p-type conductivity made of a β-Ga ₂ O ₃ compound semiconductor in which sequentially laminated the -ga ₂ O ₃ contact layer 7.

Further, the light-emitting device 1 includes a transparent electrode 8 formed in the p-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ contact layer 7 is formed on part of the transparent electrode 8 is formed by a thin film made of Pt, the wire 11 is bonded The pad electrode 9 connected by the part 10 and the n-side electrode 20 formed below the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 2 are provided.

  The n-side electrode 20 is connected to a printed circuit board 30 on which a thin film made of Ti, for example, is formed and a print pattern (not shown) is formed via an adhesive 31.

  The light emitting element 1 is mounted on the printed circuit board 30 via an adhesive 31 or a metal paste, and is connected to the printed wiring of the printed circuit board 30.

  Each of the layers 4 to 7 constituting the light emitting element 1 is irradiated with laser light on a metal target, for example, by a PLD (Pulsed Laser Deposition) method in which a metal film released from the substrate is grown on the substrate in a dilute oxygen atmosphere. It is formed.

According to the first embodiment, the n-side electrode 20 has preferable ohmic characteristics with the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 2. Therefore, since the contact resistance can be reduced, it is possible to obtain excellent light emission characteristics that can prevent current loss in the electrode portion, electrode deterioration due to generation of Joule heat, and compound semiconductor laser and LED characteristics. .

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a light emitting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This light emitting element 1 is different from the light emitting element 1 according to the first embodiment only in the n-side electrode 20. The n-side electrode 20 of the light-emitting element 1 is obtained by forming a Ti layer 21 on the lower surface of the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 4 and forming an Au layer 22 below the Ti layer 21. A Pt layer may be used instead of the Au layer 22.

According to the second embodiment, the n-side electrode 20 has preferable ohmic characteristics with the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 2. Therefore, the contact resistance between the n-side electrode 20 and the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 2 can be reduced, and excellent light emission characteristics can be obtained as in the first embodiment.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 3 shows a main part of a light emitting device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. This light emitting element 1 is different from the light emitting element 1 according to the first embodiment only in the n-side electrode 20. The n-side electrode 20 of the light emitting element 1 is obtained by sequentially laminating a Ti layer 21, an Al layer 23, and an Au layer 22 on the lower surface of the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 2.

According to the third embodiment, the n-side electrode 20 has preferable ohmic characteristics with the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 2. Therefore, excellent light emission characteristics can be obtained as in the first embodiment.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 4 shows a main part of a light emitting device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This light emitting element 1 is different from the light emitting element 1 according to the first embodiment only in the n-side electrode 20. The n-side electrode 20 of the light emitting element 1 is obtained by sequentially laminating a Ti layer 21, an Al layer 23, a Ni layer 24, and an Au layer 22 on the lower surface of the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 2.

According to the fourth embodiment, the n-side electrode 20 has preferable ohmic characteristics with the n-type β-Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate 2. Therefore, excellent light emission characteristics can be obtained as in the first embodiment.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 5 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram of Example 1 of the present invention.

Example 1 corresponds to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which an n electrode is formed by a Ti layer formed on a substrate to which no 99.99% Ga ₂ O ₃ dopant is added. is there. Etching was performed before the Ti layer was formed on the substrate to clean the substrate surface. The Ti layer had a thickness of 150 mm and was formed by irradiating a Ti target with a laser for 7.5 minutes at an output of 100 mW by the PLD method, and the current-voltage characteristics at 25 ° C. were measured.

  According to Example 1, since it exhibits ohmic characteristics at 25 ° C., excellent light emission that can prevent current loss in the electrode part, electrode deterioration due to generation of Joule heat, and compound semiconductor laser and LED characteristics deterioration. Characteristics are obtained.

  6 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Example 2 of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding at 300 ° C. for 5 minutes in Example 2, and FIG. 8 is 600 ° C. in Example 2. FIG. 9 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding for 5 minutes at 700 ° C. in Example 2, and FIG. 9 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding for 5 minutes.

Example 2 corresponds to the second embodiment, in which an n-electrode is formed by laminating a Ti layer and an Au layer on a substrate not added with a 99.99% Ga ₂ O ₃ dopant. . Etching was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to clean the substrate surface. The Ti layer has a thickness of 150 mm and the Au layer has a thickness of 500 mm, and is formed by irradiating the Ti target with laser for 7.5 minutes and the Au target with laser for 25 minutes, respectively, with an output of 100 mW. The electrode was held while flowing N ₂ at 200 ml / min, and the current-voltage characteristics after the holding were measured.

  According to Example 2, the current-voltage characteristic after hold | maintaining at 25 to 600 degreeC shows ohmic characteristics. However, after holding at 700 ° C. for 5 minutes, Schottky characteristics were exhibited.

  Further, according to Example 2, ohmic characteristics are exhibited only by forming a Ti layer and an Au layer. Moreover, since an electrode shows ohmic characteristics in the range of 25 to at least 600 ° C., it can be used under a wide range of usage conditions from room temperature to a temperature requiring heat resistance.

  FIG. 10 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Example 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding at 800 ° C. for 5 minutes in Example 3.

Example 3 corresponds to the second embodiment, in which an n-electrode is formed by a Ti layer and an Al layer formed on a substrate to which 99.99% Ga ₂ O ₃ dopant is not added. . Etching was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to clean the substrate surface. The Ti layer has a thickness of 150 mm and the Al layer has a thickness of 1000 mm, and is formed by irradiating the Ti target with a laser for 7.5 minutes and the Al target with a laser for 50 minutes, respectively, at an output of 100 mW by the PLD method. Held under a stream of _{N 2} at 200 ml / min, to measure the current-voltage characteristics after its retention.

  According to Example 3, good ohmic characteristics are exhibited at 25 to 700 ° C., and current is less likely to flow after being held at 800 ° C., but ohmic characteristics are exhibited.

  Further, according to Example 3, ohmic characteristics are exhibited only by forming a Ti layer and an Al layer.

  12 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Example 4 of the present invention, FIG. 13 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding at 700 ° C. for 5 minutes in Example 4, and FIG. 14 is 800 ° C. in Example 4. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes.

Example 4 corresponds to the third embodiment, and an n electrode was formed by a Ti layer, an Al layer, and an Au layer formed on a substrate to which no 99.99% Ga ₂ O ₃ dopant was added. Is. Etching was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to clean the substrate surface. The Ti layer has a thickness of 150 mm, the Al layer has a thickness of 1000 mm, and the Au layer has a thickness of 500 mm. By the PLD method, the output is 100 mW, the Ti target is 7.5 minutes, the Al target is 50 minutes, and the Au target is Each is formed by irradiating with a laser for 25 minutes. The N ₂ was held while flowing at 200 ml / min, and the current-voltage characteristics after the holding were measured.

  According to Example 4, ohmic characteristics are exhibited at 25 to 700 ° C., but after holding at 800 ° C. or higher, Schottky characteristics are exhibited. Moreover, an electrode shows ohmic characteristics only by forming a Ti layer, an Al layer, and an Au layer.

  15 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Example 5 of the present invention, FIG. 16 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding at 400 ° C. for 5 minutes in Example 5, and FIG. 17 is 800 ° C. in Example 5. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining for 5 minutes.

Example 5 corresponds to the fourth embodiment. The Ti layer, the Al layer, the Ni layer, and the Au layer formed on the substrate to which the 99.99% Ga ₂ O ₃ dopant was not added were used. An electrode is formed. Etching was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to clean the substrate surface. The Ti layer has a thickness of 150 mm, the Al layer has a thickness of 1000 mm, the Ni layer has a thickness of 400 mm, and the Au layer has a thickness of 500 mm. The target is formed by irradiating the target with a laser for 50 minutes, the Ni target for 40 minutes, and the Au target for 25 minutes, respectively. Held under a stream of _{N 2} at 200 ml / min, to measure the current-voltage characteristics after its retention.

According to Example 5, ohmic characteristics are exhibited after being held at 25 ° C. and 400 ° C., but Schottky characteristics are exhibited after being held at 800 ° C. Moreover, ohmic characteristics are exhibited only by forming a Ti layer, an Al layer, a Ni layer, and an Au layer. Further, when heat treatment is performed, it exhibits ohmic characteristics in the range of 25 to at least 400 ° C., and therefore can be used under a wide range of usage conditions from room temperature to a temperature requiring heat resistance.
(Comparative Example 1)

  18 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Comparative Example 1, FIG. 19 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes in Comparative Example 1, and FIG. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure after hold | maintaining.

In Comparative Example 1, an n-electrode is formed by using an Au layer instead of a Ti layer on a substrate to which 99.99% Ga ₂ O ₃ dopant is not added. Etching was performed before the Au layer was formed on the substrate to clean the substrate surface. The Au layer is formed by irradiating the Au target with laser at an output of 100 mW for 25 minutes by the PLD method. In a 5% H ₂ atmosphere, heat treatment was performed while flowing Ar at 200 ml / min, and the current-voltage characteristics after the heat treatment were measured.

According to Comparative Example 1, when an Au layer is provided on the Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate instead of the Ti layer, Schottky characteristics are exhibited and ohmic characteristics are not exhibited.
(Comparative Example 2)

  FIG. 21 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Comparative Example 2, and FIG. 22 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes in Comparative Example 2.

In Comparative Example 2, an n-electrode is formed by a Pt layer instead of a Ti layer on a substrate to which 99.99% Ga ₂ O ₃ dopant is not added. Etching was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 to clean the substrate surface. The Pt layer is formed by irradiating a Pt target with a laser at an output of 100 mW by the PLD method. In a 5% H ₂ atmosphere, heat treatment was performed while flowing Ar at 200 ml / min, and the current-voltage characteristics after the heat treatment were measured.

According to Comparative Example 2, when an Au layer is provided on the Ga ₂ O ₃ substrate instead of the Ti layer, Schottky characteristics are exhibited and ohmic characteristics are not exhibited.
(Comparative Example 3)

  23 shows a current-voltage characteristic diagram at 25 ° C. in Comparative Example 3, FIG. 24 shows a current-voltage characteristic diagram after holding at 100 ° C. for 30 seconds in Comparative Example 3, and FIG. FIG. 26 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after being held at 200 ° C. for 30 seconds in Comparative Example 3, and FIG. 27 is a current-voltage characteristic diagram after being held at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes in Comparative Example 3. FIG.

In Comparative Example 3, an n-electrode was formed by laminating a Ni layer and an Au layer instead of a Ti layer and an Au layer on a substrate to which no 99.99% Ga ₂ O ₃ dopant was added. Etching was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 to clean the substrate surface. The Ni layer has a thickness of 400 mm and the Au layer has a thickness of 500 mm. The Ni layer is first formed by the PLD method, and then the Au target is irradiated with a laser for 25 minutes at an output of 100 mW. The current and voltage characteristics after the N2 was held while flowing N2 at 200 ml / min were measured.

  According to Comparative Example 3, when the Ni layer and the Au layer are provided instead of the Ti layer and the Au layer, the Schottky characteristics are shown and the ohmic characteristics are not shown.

In addition, this invention is not limited to said each embodiment and said each Example, You may change variously within the range which does not change the summary. The metal film for forming the electrode on the substrate may be formed by a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method or the like in addition to the PLD method. In addition to the above argon and nitrogen, an inert gas such as helium or a reducing gas such as hydrogen may be used as the atmospheric gas. The pressure of the atmospheric gas may be in the range of 10-2 Torr to atmospheric pressure. In the Ga ₂ O ₃ -based compound semiconductor, an n-side electrode may be formed on an n-type contact layer formed on an insulating substrate. In the present invention, heat treatment for obtaining ohmic characteristics is not performed, but heat treatment may be performed as necessary. Instead of the Au layer 22, an oxide film preventing layer such as a Pt layer may be used. Further, as the Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor device, in addition to the light emitting device can be applied to the diode and solar cells.

1 the light emitting element 2 substrate 4 n-type β-AlGaO ₃ cladding layer 5 active layer 6 p-type β-AlGaO ₃ cladding layer 7 p-type _β-Ga 2 _{O 3} contact layer 8 transparent electrode 9 pad electrode 10, 12 junction 11, 13 Wire 20 N-side electrode 21 Ti layer 22 Au layer 23 Al layer 24 Ni layer 30 Printed circuit board 31 Adhesive 40 Emission light 41 Emission light

Claims (7)

an n-type layer made of a β-Ga ₂ O ₃ compound semiconductor having n-type conductivity,
An electrode having a Ti layer formed on the n-type layer,
The electrode is a Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor element that is in ohmic contact with the n-type layer. The Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode further includes an Au layer formed on the Ti layer. The Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode further includes an Al layer formed on the Ti layer. The Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor device according to claim 3, wherein the electrode further includes an Au layer formed on the Al layer. The Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor device according to claim 3, wherein the electrode further includes a Ni layer formed on the Al layer and an Au layer formed on the Ni layer. preparing an n-type layer made of a β-Ga ₂ O ₃ compound semiconductor having n-type conductivity;
Forming a Ti layer on the n-type layer;
On the Ti layer, the manufacturing method of the _Ga 2 _{O 3} system semiconductor element and forming a Au layer or an Al layer. Wherein a Ti layer, the Au layer, or a manufacturing method of the Ga ₂ O ₃ based semiconductor device according to claim 6 which process further comprises a heat treatment to said n-type layer and the Al layer was formed.

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