JP2009042904A - Production order determination device and production order determination method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production order determination device determining production order allowing suppression of deterioration of processing efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This production order determination device is provided with: a processing time storage means 42 previously storing a processing time in a latter process according to the kind of a product and an attribute imparted to each the product in a former process; a production order candidate creation means 44 creating a candidate of the production order in the latter process; an attribute reading means 70 reading the attribute of each the product; a processing time derivation means 43 deriving the processing time in the latter process of each the product from the processing time storage means 42 based on the attribute; a scheduled end time derivation means 46 deriving production scheduled end time to the production order candidate based on the processing time in the latter process of each the product; and an extraction means 48 extracting the production order candidate wherein the derived production scheduled end time satisfies a preset condition as final production order from a plurality of the production order candidates. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a production order determination apparatus and method for determining the production order of a production line having a plurality of processes.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an apparatus for determining a production order in a production line composed of a plurality of processes has been developed for the purpose of improving production efficiency. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an operation schedule determination device that determines an operation schedule in a steelmaking line including a refining process in a converter, a secondary refining process in a secondary refining facility, and a continuous casting process in a continuous casting machine. Has been.

In this apparatus, a means for storing a casting schedule in the continuous casting machine determined in advance, a means for receiving the rank of continuous casting in the continuous casting machine, the converter, the secondary refining equipment, and the continuous casting machine Means for receiving the transfer time, and temporarily calculating the production order in the converter and secondary refining equipment based on the casting schedule, the provisionally calculated production order, the rank of the continuous casting, and the Based on the conveyance time, the operation schedule of the steelmaking line is determined.
JP 2006-247703 A

  In the conventional apparatus as described above, the operation schedule is determined on the assumption that processing is performed according to a casting schedule determined in advance in a continuous casting machine. However, in a production line composed of a plurality of processes, the processing time in the subsequent process may change depending on the processing result in the previous process. And when the processing time of a post process changes in this way, if a process is advanced according to the predetermined production order, there exists a possibility that the process efficiency in a post process may deteriorate.

  In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a production order determination device that determines a production order that can suppress deterioration in processing efficiency even when a processing time in a subsequent process changes according to a processing result in a previous process. And

  The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is a production order determination device for determining a production order of a production line having a plurality of processes for processing a plurality of types of products, respectively, A processing time storage means for preliminarily storing a processing time in a subsequent process according to an attribute given to each product in the process; a production order candidate creating means for creating a plurality of production order candidates in the subsequent process; , Attribute reading means for reading the attribute of each product given to each product in the previous step, and the post-process of each product from the processing time storage means based on the attribute read by the attribute reading means A processing time deriving unit for deriving a processing time, and the production sequence candidate creation based on the processing time in the subsequent process of each product derived by the processing time deriving unit A scheduled end time deriving unit for deriving a scheduled production end time for the production sequence candidate created in stages, and a scheduled production end time derived by the scheduled end time deriving unit from the plurality of production sequence candidates are preset. Extraction means for extracting one of the production order candidates satisfying the conditions as the final production order is provided.

  According to this invention, the production order of the post-process is determined according to the attribute given to each product in the pre-process, and even when the processing result in the pre-process is different from that assumed in advance, A production sequence with high processing efficiency can be determined. That is, in this apparatus, the scheduled production end time is derived based on the processing time in the subsequent process derived according to the attribute of each product given in the previous process, and is created by the production order candidate creating means. For the production order candidates, the scheduled production end time reflecting the processing result in the previous process can be derived. Then, the final production order is extracted based on the scheduled production end time, and a more appropriate production order can be determined according to the processing result in the previous process.

  In the extraction means, the extraction condition of the final production order is not particularly limited, but for example, the extraction means is the one in which the scheduled production end time is the earliest among the plurality of production order candidates. If it is configured to extract as the final production order, the production time can be shortened (Claim 2).

  Further, in the present invention, it comprises a tag attached to each of the plurality of products, and a writing unit for writing the attribute of each product to the tag after the previous step is completed, and the attribute reading unit includes the tag from the tag It is preferable to read the attributes of each product (claim 3).

  In this way, when the attribute is read, the product can be associated with the attribute more easily and reliably, and the production order in which the attribute is more reliably reflected can be determined.

  Further, if the tag is a non-contact type tag, it is easy to read the tag and convenience is improved.

  Here, the specific structure of the production line to which the present production order determination apparatus is applied is not particularly limited, but the preceding process is a batch production process, and the two or more continuous processes are continuous. It is more effective if it is applied to one that determines the production order of a production line comprising production processes.

  That is, in the production line as described above, if the processing time of the upstream process of the subsequent process changes due to the processing result of the previous process, the dead time of the downstream process changes, and the processing result of the previous process The effect of this has a large effect on the overall processing time. Therefore, if the production sequence with high processing efficiency is determined by applying the production sequence determination device to such a production line, it is possible to suppress an increase in the overall processing time.

  The present invention also relates to a production order determination method for determining a production order of a production line having a plurality of processes for processing a plurality of types of products, and each of the products is given to each product in the preceding process. Using a processing time storage means that pre-stores the processing time in the subsequent process according to the attribute to be produced, and a production sequence candidate creating process for creating a plurality of production order candidates in the subsequent process, and each product in the preceding process An attribute reading step for reading the attribute of each given product, and a processing time deriving step for deriving a processing time in the subsequent step of each product from the processing time storage means based on the attribute read in the attribute reading step And the production order candidates created in the production order candidate creation step based on the processing time in the subsequent process of each product derived in the treatment time derivation step. A scheduled end time deriving step for deriving a scheduled production end time and a production sequence candidate satisfying a preset condition for the planned production end time derived in the scheduled end time deriving step from the plurality of production sequence candidates A production sequence determination method including a final production sequence extraction step of extracting one of them as a final production sequence (Claim 6).

  As described above, according to the production sequence determination device, it is possible to determine a production sequence that can suppress deterioration in processing efficiency even when the processing time in the subsequent process changes according to the processing result in the previous process. it can.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The production order determination apparatus 10 according to the present invention is an apparatus that determines the production order of a production line having a plurality of processes for processing a plurality of types of products. Here, a description will be given of the case where the production order determination device 10 determines the production order of a production line having a casting process (pre-process), a surface scraping process (post-process), and a die machining process (post-process). To do.

  The casting process is a process of manufacturing a plurality of types of castings that are the basis of each product. The surface wrinkling step is a step of removing wrinkles on the surface of the casting. The die machining step is a step of die-molding the casting from which the wrinkles have been removed in the surface scraping step into a predetermined shape. Here, the casting process is a batch production process, and the plurality of types of castings are cast almost simultaneously. On the other hand, the surface scraping step and the die machining step are continuous production steps, and each casting is die-molded in the die machining step after the surface scraping step is finished.

  FIG. 5 shows an example in which four types of products (products A, B, C, and D) are produced on the production line. As shown in this figure, the castings of products A, B, C, D simultaneously cast in the casting process are conveyed to the surface scraping process in the order of A → B → C → D, for example, In this process, the surface wrinkles are sequentially removed. Then, the casting after the surface scraping process is transported to the mold processing process over a predetermined transport time, and sequentially processed in this mold processing process. Here, in the present embodiment, in the surface scraping step and the mold processing step, a predetermined preparation period is required from the end of processing of one product to the start of processing of the next product. Yes.

  The production sequence A → B → C → D in the surface scraping process and the die machining process is the production end time of all products when it is assumed that each casting is cast in a predetermined state in the casting process. Is determined to satisfy the delivery date. Therefore, if each casting is cast in the assumed state, the production of each product will be in time for delivery. However, in the actual process, the casting is not cast in the assumed state, and production of all products may not be in time for delivery. For example, there are cases where the number of casting defects is larger than the expected number, and the processing time in the surface scraping process is longer than the scheduled time, so that the deadline cannot be met. In addition, when a predetermined component that makes it difficult to process the casting is contained in a larger amount than planned, and the processing time in the mold processing step is longer than the scheduled time, the delivery time cannot be met. There is. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the number of castings of the product B in the casting process is larger than the expected number, and the processing time in the surface scraping process is longer than planned by t_f time, the product B And the end time of the die machining process of the products C and D processed after the product B is delayed by t_f time, and the production of the product D is not in time for delivery.

  On the other hand, the production order determination apparatus 10 according to the present invention determines the production order that more reliably meets the delivery date even when each casting is not cast in a state assumed in advance in the casting process. To do. A schematic block diagram of a production order determination apparatus 10 according to the present invention is shown in FIG. The production order determination device 10 includes a computer 20 having an input unit 30, a calculation unit 40, and an output unit 50, a writing device (writing means) 60, a reading device (reading means) 70, and an IC tag (non-contact type). Tag) 100. The input unit 30 includes, for example, a mouse or a keyboard, and an operator or the like inputs a delivery date and a product type to the calculation unit 40 using the input unit 30. The arithmetic unit 40 includes a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM, and determines the final production order as will be described later. The output unit 50 includes a monitor or the like, and displays the final production order and the like output from the calculation unit 40.

  The IC tag 100 is for storing the number of wrinkles generated in each casting in the casting process and its components, that is, attributes of each product, and transmitting these attributes to the calculation unit 40. The IC tag 100 is attached to each product and is conveyed together with the product in a state where the type and attribute of the product are stored.

  The writing device 60 is a device for writing on the IC tag 100 the number of casting defects, etc., which are the attributes of each product. The writing device 60 includes a predetermined input unit, and an operator or the like inputs the number of wrinkles of each casting detected after the end of the casting process into the input unit. Writing to the IC tag 100 is performed.

  The reading device 70 is a device for reading an attribute such as the number of baskets and a product type from the IC tag 100. The reading device 70 is connected to the calculation unit 40 and outputs the read attributes and the like to the calculation unit 40. Further, the IC tag 100 is a non-contact type, and the reading device 70 can easily read the attributes and the like. Of course, a contact IC tag may be used instead of the non-contact IC tag 100, but the non-contact IC tag 100 is more convenient.

  Further, the IC tag 100, the writing device 60, and the reading device 70 may be omitted, and the attributes and the like may be directly input to the arithmetic unit 40. However, when the equipment for which the attribute such as the number of ridges of the casting is examined and the equipment in which the computer 20 including the computing unit 40 is installed are separated from each other, direct input to the computing unit 40 is performed. Will be difficult. On the other hand, when a computer network is provided, the attribute can be transmitted to the computing unit 40 of the computer 20 relatively easily via the computer network, but information update on the network is delayed. In some cases, the attribute of the actual product on the production line may be misaligned with the attribute transmitted to the calculation unit 40. Therefore, it is preferable to write the attribute on the IC tag 100 and attach the IC tag 100 to each product as in this embodiment.

  The computing unit 40 of the computer 20 determines the final production order in the surface scraping process and the mold machining process based on the type and attribute of the product input from the reading device 70. The calculation unit 40 includes a processing time storage unit (processing time storage unit) 42, a processing time deriving unit (processing time deriving unit) 43, a production order candidate creating unit (production order candidate creating unit) 44, and a scheduled end time deriving unit ( (Scheduled end time deriving means) 46 and an extracting unit (extracting means) 48.

  The production order candidate creation unit 44 creates production order candidates in the surface scraping process and the die machining process. The production sequence candidate creation unit 44 creates all the production sequence candidates that can be taken in the surface scraping process and stores them. For example, n! Create and store street candidates.

  Here, as the number of types of products increases, the number of candidates increases and the calculation load increases. Therefore, when the number of candidates becomes enormous, only some candidates may be calculated. In addition, if conditions that can improve the processing efficiency from past experience etc. (for example, a condition that it is efficient when a certain product is processed after a certain product) are known in advance, the conditions are satisfied. Only the production order may be calculated and stored as a candidate.

  The processing time storage unit 42 stores in advance the processing time in the surface scraping process and the processing time in the mold machining process according to the type of product and its attributes. Specifically, the processing time storage unit 42 stores maps as shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 shows the processing time in the surface scraping step, and the processing time is set for each product A to D in accordance with the number of wrinkles in the casting of each product. Basically, as the number of wrinkles increases, the processing time in the surface wrinkling process becomes longer. FIG. 4 shows the processing time in the mold processing step, and the processing time is set for each of the products A to D according to the amount of a predetermined component that makes processing difficult among the components of the casting of each product. . Basically, as the amount of this component increases, the processing time in the mold processing step becomes longer.

  The processing time deriving unit 43 derives the processing time in each process based on the type of each product on the production line and its actual attribute. The processing time deriving unit 43 derives the corresponding processing time from the map stored in the processing time storage unit 42 based on the type of each product input from the reading device 70 and its attributes. The processing time deriving unit 43 derives a more accurate processing time corresponding to the actual number of wrinkles for each product.

  The scheduled end time deriving unit 46 derives a scheduled production end time when the production order candidates created by the production order candidate creating unit 44 are produced according to the production order. The scheduled end time deriving unit 46 derives the scheduled production end time for each production order candidate by applying the processing time derived by the processing time deriving unit 43 to each production order candidate. More specifically, the processing time derived by the processing time deriving unit 43, the transportation time required for transportation between the surface scraping process and the die machining process, and the preparation period in each process are determined as the production. The scheduled production end time is derived by applying to the order candidates. Here, as described above, the processing time deriving unit 43 derives the processing time corresponding to the actual number of wrinkles of each product and the like, and the scheduled end time deriving unit 46 performs a more accurate scheduled production end. A time is derived. In the present embodiment, the scheduled end time deriving unit 46 derives the scheduled production end time for all production order candidates.

  The extraction unit 48 extracts a final production order based on the derived scheduled production end time. In this extraction means, in order to satisfy the delivery date more reliably, the one that becomes the earliest time from the scheduled production end time for each production candidate is extracted, and the production candidate that becomes this time is extracted and determined as the final production order.

  The procedure for determining the final production order in the arithmetic unit 40 configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, the type and delivery date of a product produced on the production line are input from the input unit 30 (step S2). When the product type is input, the production order candidate creation unit 44 creates all production order candidates in the surface scraping process and the die machining process (step S3: production order candidate creation process).

  Next, the type and attribute of each product are read by the reading device 70 from the IC tag 100 in which the type and attribute of the product are separately written by the writing device 60 (step S4: attribute reading step). The attributes read by the reading device 70 are transmitted to the processing time deriving unit 43 of the arithmetic unit 40. Then, the processing time deriving unit 43 derives the processing time of each process according to the type and attribute of the product based on the map stored in the processing time storage unit 42 (step S6: processing Time derivation process).

  When the processing time of each process is derived, the scheduled end time deriving unit 46 assigns the processing time to each production order candidate and calculates the scheduled production end time for all candidates ( Step S10: Scheduled end time deriving step). Then, the extraction unit 48 extracts the earliest end of the scheduled production end time, and the production sequence candidate that realizes the scheduled production end time is extracted and determined as the final production sequence (step S14: Final production order extraction process). Finally, the extracted final production order is output to the output unit 50 such as a display.

  In this way, when the final production order is determined by the arithmetic unit 40 and the order is displayed on the output unit 50, the worker or the like may advance each process in accordance with this order.

  An output example from the arithmetic unit 40 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, when four types of products are produced as in FIG. 6, the number of wrinkles of product B is larger than the normal state where the product B was planned, and the processing time of product B in the surface scraping step is Shows an output example when is prolonged. In this example, the calculation unit 40 uses 4! = 24 kinds of production order candidates were derived, and eight kinds of final production orders were extracted as the process was completed earlier. FIG. 7 shows one of the eight final production orders (C → D → B → A). As shown in FIG. 7, if production is performed in the final production order output from the calculation unit 40, the dead time in each process is minimized, and the number of wrinkles of the product B is larger than usual. All products can be made in time for delivery.

  Thus, according to the production sequence determination device 10, the production sequence in the surface scraping step and the die processing step is determined according to the attribute given to each product in the casting step, and the casting step The production order with high processing efficiency can also be determined even when the number of ridges and the like of each casting cast in step 1 is different from that assumed in advance.

  Here, the application range of the production order determination apparatus 10 according to the present invention is not limited to the production line including the casting process, the surface cutting process and the die machining process as described above. The types and number of products are not limited to the above. However, as described above, in the case of a continuous production process in which the subsequent process is continuous, the dead time in the downstream process of the subsequent process changes with the change in the processing time of the upstream process of the subsequent process, Since the influence of the processing time of the upstream process, that is, the influence of the processing result in the previous process, on the entire processing time becomes large, it is more effective to use the production order determination device 10.

  In addition, the final production order may not necessarily be the order in which the scheduled production end time is first, and may satisfy other conditions. Further, as described above, it is not necessary to derive all the production schedule end times of the production order candidates. For example, when the production schedule end time of one production sequence candidate is derived by the schedule end time deriving unit 46, the extraction unit 48 immediately sets a predetermined time (for example, delivery date) in which the production scheduled end time is preset. If it is earlier, the candidate at that time may be extracted immediately as the final production order without deriving the scheduled production end time of the remaining production order candidates. In this case, the processing order (A → C → D) having a later processing end time than the processing order (C → D → B → A) in which the scheduled production end time is the earliest as shown in FIG. → B) may be extracted as the final processing order, but as shown in FIG. 8, all products can be produced within the delivery date even in this order. If the final production order is extracted as described above, the calculation time in the calculation unit 40 can be shortened.

It is a schematic block diagram of the production order determination apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the calculation point in the production order determination apparatus shown in FIG. It is an example of the map of the processing time memorize | stored in a processing time memory | storage means. It is an example of the map of the processing time memorize | stored in a processing time memory | storage means. It is a figure which shows the flow of the process along a normal production order. It is a figure which shows the flow of a process when a part of processing time changes with respect to FIG. It is an example of the final production order calculated with the production order determination apparatus shown in FIG. It is an example of the final production order calculated with the production order determination apparatus which concerns on other embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Production order determination apparatus 20 Computer 30 Input part 40 Calculation part 42 Processing time memory | storage part (processing time memory | storage means)
43 Processing time deriving unit (processing time deriving means)
44 Production order candidate creation unit (production order candidate creation means)
46 Scheduled end time deriving unit (scheduled end time deriving means)
48 Extraction unit (extraction means)
50 output unit 60 writing device (writing means)
70 Reading device (reading means)
100 IC tag (non-contact tag)

Claims (6)

A production order determination device for determining a production order of a production line having a plurality of processes for processing a plurality of types of products,
Processing time storage means for storing in advance the processing time in the subsequent process according to the type of the product and the attribute given to each product in the previous process;
Production order candidate creation means for creating a plurality of production order candidates in the subsequent process;
Attribute reading means for reading the attribute of each product given to each product in the previous step;
A processing time deriving unit for deriving a processing time in the subsequent process of each product from the processing time storage unit based on the attribute read by the attribute reading unit;
A scheduled end time deriving unit for deriving a scheduled production end time for the production sequence candidate created by the production sequence candidate creating unit based on the processing time in the subsequent process of each product derived by the processing time deriving unit;
Extraction means for extracting, from the plurality of production order candidates, one of the production order candidates satisfying a preset condition for the scheduled production end time derived by the scheduled end time deriving means as a final production order; A production sequence determination device comprising: The production sequence determination device according to claim 1,
The said extraction means extracts the thing in which the said production scheduled end time becomes the earliest among the said several production order candidates as the said last production order, The production order determination apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. In the production order determination device according to claim 1 or 2,
A tag attached to each of the plurality of products;
Write means for writing the attribute of each product to the tag after the previous step is completed,
The production order determining apparatus, wherein the attribute reading means reads the attribute of each product from the tag. In the production order determination device according to claim 3,
The production order determination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tags attached to the plurality of products are non-contact tags. In the production order determination device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The pre-process is a batch production process, and the post-process includes two or more continuous production processes.
The production order candidate creation unit creates a production order candidate in the continuous production process. A production order determination method for determining a production order of a production line having a plurality of processes for processing a plurality of types of products,
Using the processing time storage means for storing in advance the processing time in the subsequent process according to the type of the product and the attribute given to each product in the previous process,
A production sequence candidate creation step for creating a plurality of production sequence candidates in the subsequent process;
An attribute reading step of reading the attribute of each product given to each product in the previous step;
Based on the attribute read in the attribute reading step, a processing time derivation step for deriving a processing time in the subsequent step of each product from the processing time storage means,
A scheduled end time deriving step for deriving a scheduled production end time for the production sequence candidate created in the production sequence candidate creating step based on the processing time in the subsequent step of each product derived in the processing time deriving step;
Final production order extraction for extracting one of the production order candidates from the plurality of production order candidates, where the planned production end time derived in the scheduled end time deriving step satisfies a preset condition, as a final production order A production order determination method comprising: a process.

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