JP2009028028A - Carbon dioxide fixing system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbon dioxide fixing system performing sufficient fixing of carbon dioxide with an independent power supply system. <P>SOLUTION: This carbon dioxide fixing system is composed of Euglena algae, a culturing tank for culturing the Euglena algae, a controller which controls the culturing tank, a communication device which is connected to the controller, and a power supply device which supplies electric power to the controller and the communication device. The power supply device has a wind generator and a solar power generation device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for fixing carbon dioxide. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system for independently fixing carbon dioxide using algae.

In recent years, attempts have been made to prevent environmental changes accompanying the development of industrial technology. In particular, reduction of carbon dioxide in the air is emphasized, and reduction of the global greenhouse effect by fixing carbon dioxide is regarded as an important issue.
As a technique for fixing such carbon dioxide, a technique using a plant is known. For example, it is shown by patent document 1. FIG. This is to fix carbon dioxide by using photosynthesis of moss, and in a nutrient solution, a gas containing oxygen such as aeration stirring is intermittently brought into contact with moss and grown while stirring.
JP 2006-254900 A

However, the use of electric power or the like in a system that fixes carbon dioxide does not consider the carbon dioxide that is discharged to supply the electric power, and is considered incomplete. In addition, when using a conventional solar cell, considering the average sunshine duration, a large space for the solar cell is required, and the maintenance of the solar cell is a heavy load. Furthermore, there are many wind power generators that cannot generate power if they are large or if sufficient wind power cannot be obtained. For this reason, wind power generation facilities are constructed in windy places. However, it is not suitable for culture conditions in windy places. When a wind power generation facility is constructed in a windy place and power is supplied from there to the culture facility, the culture facility including the power facility becomes large, and the location conditions and the like become a problem. In addition, power loss for power transmission is also a problem.
With moss, sufficient carbon dioxide fixing ability cannot be obtained, and the use after culturing is limited.

Therefore, the present invention uses an inner rotor type coreless generator that is small and light, has excellent heat dissipation, and easily increases the power generation output, and uses Euglena algae as a means for fixing carbon dioxide.
The generator includes a rotor having a permanent magnet disposed on a disk that rotates perpendicularly to the rotation axis and the rotation axis, and an armature having a coil that is orthogonal to the rotation axis and disposed in parallel with the rotor. An inner rotor type coreless generator is used in which are alternately arranged. By using such a generator, the power generation capacity can be increased by increasing the number of rotors and armatures arranged in the direction of the rotation axis without increasing the diameter of the generator. Since the diameter of the rotating part can be reduced, the rotational moment can be reduced and the generator can be rotated even with a small torque. In addition, the unevenness of molding accuracy is hardly affected.
By making such a generator into a wind power generator, it is possible to generate power even with weak wind, and to generate sufficient power even in an environment suitable for animal and plant culture. .

Further, Euglena algae is used as the carbon dioxide fixing medium. Euglena algae are unicellular or colonial, and are intermediate organisms between plants and animals, and widely inhabit freshwater, brackish water, and seawater in inner bays. Euglena algae have long flagella at the front end of the cell, and this flagellum is moved like an arc to give a driving force to the cell. At the base of the flagella there is a light sensitive part, and in some species of phototaxis light is received here.
The storage material of Euglena algae is a β1,3-glucan polysaccharide called paramylon. Paramylon sometimes reaches 50% of the dry weight of the cells. In recent years, β-glucan has been used as a supplement.

  In the carbon dioxide fixation system of the present invention, Euglena algae, a culture tank for culturing the Euglena algae, a control device for controlling the culture tank, a communication device connected to the control device, the control device and communication A carbon dioxide fixing system is configured by a power supply device that supplies power to the device, and the power supply device includes a wind power generator and a solar power generator, and the wind power generator A rotor that is rotated by wind power, a rotor that is orthogonal to the rotation axis and that rotates with the rotation axis, and that is configured by a disk on which a permanent magnet is disposed, and that is orthogonal to the rotation axis and parallel to the rotor. It is the generator which arrange | positioned the armature which has the coil arrange | positioned alternately.

By configuring such a carbon dioxide fixing system, it is possible to configure an independent carbon dioxide fixing system that does not rely on an external power supply, and it is independent at a place suitable for identifying the growth of Euglena, which is a carbon dioxide fixing element. Carbon dioxide fixation system can be configured.
In addition, this carbon dioxide fixation system can be used as an independent energy source even in the event of a disaster, and when the Euglena, a carbon dioxide fixation element, can be used as a food source, It can be used as an independent energy and food supply source, and it is possible to supply energy and food even in areas where the lifeline at the time of disaster is interrupted.

  As described above, the present invention uses a generator suitable for the ecological environment of the carbon dioxide used as a carbon dioxide fixing source, and cultivates the carbon dioxide fixing source to efficiently fix the carbon dioxide. It is. Therefore, in particular, Euglena algae is used for fixing carbon dioxide, and an inner rotor type coreless generator having a small moment during rotation with respect to the power generation capacity is used.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the carbon dioxide fixing device of the present invention.
The carbon dioxide fixing device is mainly composed of a culture tank 1 and a power generation device 2. In the culture tank 1, water is stored, and Euglena algae are propagated therein. The culture tank 1 having a water depth of 1 m to 2 m can be used, and when the stirring ability is improved, the water depth can be further increased. Moreover, it is also possible to solve the shortage of sunlight by attaching an illuminating device to the culture tank 1 and illuminating with the electric power from the power generation device 2. Furthermore, it is also possible to control the agitation or convection of water by the movement of Euglena algae by controlling the lighting pattern of the illumination and utilizing the phototaxis of Euglena algae. In this case, since the stirring equipment can be realized by non-movable illumination, the equipment can be made highly durable.

The power generator 2 includes a wind power generator 3 and a solar power generator 4, and the wind power generator 3 includes an inner rotor type coreless power generator, and the solar power generator 4 includes a solar battery. Has been.
The electric power generated by the power generation device 2 is controlled by the control device 5, and power is supplied to the culture tank 1 through the control device 5. In the culture tank 1, the state of water is recognized and managed by the supplied power. As water management, water agitation and cleaning in the culture tank 1 and state recognition include water temperature, Euglena algae concentration, pH measurement, specific gravity measurement, oxygen concentration measurement, and the like.

  When the wind is blowing, power is generated by the wind power generator 3, and when sunlight is shining, the power is generated by the solar power generator 4. These electric powers are used for management of the culture tank 1. The electric power generated by the power generation device 2 is controlled by the control device 5, and a power storage device can be connected to the control device 5 to store the electric power. As a power storage device, a storage battery, a capacitor, or water can be electrolyzed and stored as hydrogen and oxygen gas.

  Further, a heat storage device can be connected to the control device 5. As the heat storage device, a heat exchanger, a heat insulating tank, and a heat storage body can be used. By storing the surplus energy generated in the power generation device 2 as a heat quantity in the heat storage body, the temperature of the culture tank 1 can be easily adjusted, and surplus energy can be used efficiently. A heat storage body can be arrange | positioned in a heat retention tank, this heat storage body can be heated or cooled with a heat exchanger, and a heat storage body can be used as a heating source or a cooling source. The heat exchanger is supplied with electric power from the power generation device 2 or the power storage device, and heats or cools the heat storage body. As the heat accumulator, a liquid such as ethylene glycol or water, a phase-change material such as paraffin, a metal or stone solid, or a combination thereof can be used as appropriate.

Next, the structure of the electric power generating apparatus 2 and the control apparatus 5 is demonstrated using FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the power generation device and the control device.
A plurality of wind power generators 3 and a solar battery generator 4 are connected to the control device 5. In this control device 5, power from the power generator is transformed and adjusted as power that is easy to use. The control device 5 includes a controller 51, a power conditioner 52, an auxiliary power supply device 53, a switchboard 54, a power purchase meter 55, a power sale meter 56, and a reverse power flow prevention circuit 57.
The controller 51 includes a windmill control unit, a booster circuit, and a protection circuit. The windmill control unit performs torque control and the like applied to the windmill. The booster circuit is a voltage of electric power generated by wind power generation. Is to raise. The protection circuit reduces the load on the windmill and protects the windmill from being damaged when excessive wind power is applied to the windmill. Further, the controller 51 may be protected from excessive power.
The power conditioner 52 includes a DC / AC conversion unit, a control circuit, and a protection circuit. The DC / AC conversion unit converts direct current into alternating current, and the control circuit performs this DC / AC conversion. And the power supplied to the power conditioner 52 and the output power are controlled. The protection circuit is a circuit that electrically protects the power conditioner 52.
The auxiliary power supply device 53 is a device that assists the shortage of power when the power of the wind power generator 3 and the solar power generator 4 is insufficient.
A load 58 such as an electric lamp is connected to the switchboard 54, and the power from the power conditioner 52 is supplied to the load 58. A power purchase meter 55 and a power sale meter 56 are connected to the switchboard 54, so that insufficient power can be purchased from a commercial power source, and excessive power can be sold. Since the power sale meter 56 is connected to the commercial power supply via the reverse power flow prevention circuit 57, the power inflow from the commercial power supply is prevented through the power sale path.
In this way, by connecting a commercial power source to the control device 5, stable power supply to the culture tank 1 is possible even when the power generation device 2 fails.

  Further, a communication device can be connected to the control device 5 to transmit the status of the power generation device 2 to the remote location, the status of the culture tank 1, and receive control. The culture tank 1 can be managed. Further, in the event of a disaster, it is possible to prioritize the power supply over the management of the culture tank 1 and use it as a power supply source to the disaster area.

Thus, by supplying power to the equipment for cultivating Euglena algae with an independent power supply device, it is possible to use the equipment for culturing Euglena algae as a power generation equipment and an emergency electrode supply source. Yes, power resources can be easily distributed.
In addition, cultured Euglena algae are also being used as supplements due to their high nutritional value.

  As another embodiment, the culturing of Euglena algae among the culture tanks is eliminated by connecting the culture tanks with pipes and circulating the Euglena algae between the culture tanks. It can be used as a large culture tank. Thereby, it becomes easy to buffer rapid water temperature and pH change in each tank, and stable culture becomes possible.

It is also possible to use the Euglena algae nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity to introduce river water into the culture tank, so that Euglena algae absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus, and to suppress eutrophication of the river. .
Furthermore, exhaust from a factory or the like can be introduced into the culture tank so that carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust can be absorbed by Euglena algae. Euglena algae has a wide range of applicable environmental conditions and can be sufficiently cultured even when factory exhaust is introduced. In addition, a sufficient amount of water in the culture tank is ensured for the exhaust introduced.

Here, the carbon dioxide emissions due to energy use at the factory are represented by a simple calculation formula.
The electric energy amount of general electric utility is 5000Mwh / year,
When heavy oil generates 624 g of carbon dioxide per kwh,
3120t of carbon dioxide is emitted annually.
When this is converted into joules, it becomes 49850 GJ / year. When this is converted into energy-derived CO ₂ emissions, 3660 t / year is obtained. If converted to one day, about 8.5 t is discharged.
Since Euglena 1 g can fix 1 g of CO ₂ , about 8.5 t Euglena can fix carbon dioxide emitted by a general electric utility.
Thus, by using Euglena, carbon dioxide discharged from a general electric utility can be sufficiently fixed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration for introducing carbon dioxide contained in the flue gas into the carbon dioxide fixing device.
In the present invention, carbon dioxide is fixed by introducing carbon dioxide contained in flue gas from a power plant or incineration facility into a culture tank of Euglena algae.
A pipe 102 is connected to the side of the chimney 101 of the smoke exhaust system 100 such as a power plant or an incineration facility, and a part or all of the smoke exhausted from the chimney 101 is introduced into the smoke exhaust chamber 103. . The smoke exhaust chamber 103 cools and desulfurizes the exhaust smoke, and adjusts the exhaust gas conditions so that the exhaust gas can be introduced into the culture tank 1. In addition, since the smoke exhaust chamber 103 is a fixed amount, it is possible to supply smoke exhaust appropriately to the carbon dioxide fixing device.
A pipe 104 is connected to the smoke exhaust chamber 103, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the culture tank 1 through the pipe 104. When introducing the flue gas, the flue gas can be introduced into the culture tank 1 in a fine bubble state using an apparatus such as an aerator. Thereby, melt | dissolution of the carbon dioxide in the culture tank 1 can be accelerated | stimulated, and the fixation of the carbon dioxide by Euglena algae can be promoted.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration for introducing carbon dioxide contained in the flue gas into the carbon dioxide fixing device.
Another example of the configuration in which carbon dioxide contained in the flue gas is fixed by Euglena algae will be described.
FIG. 4A shows a case where the culture tank is closed and carbon dioxide is taken into the culture tank water under pressure. In the configuration shown in FIG. 4A, in the smoke exhaust chamber 103, adjustment for introduction into the culture tank 1, such as cooling and desulfurization of smoke, is performed. The adjusted flue gas is sent to the culture tank 1 by the pump 103b.
The culture tank 1 is composed of a closed pressure-resistant container, filled with a certain amount of water, and Euglena algae are cultured in the water. The flue gas is sent into the culture tank 1 in a pressurized state, so that the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in water is increased and carbon dioxide can be efficiently fixed. As the pressurization, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved is improved by setting the pressure higher than the normal pressure, and is not particularly limited. Considering the stability during pressurization, a stable operation can be performed by setting the pressure to 6 kgf / cm ² . Moreover, if the pressurization tank itself can cope with a larger pressure, a higher pressure can be obtained.
By applying pressure in the culture tank 1, it is possible to increase the concentration of carbon dioxide and the oxygen concentration with which Euglena algae is in contact, thereby activating Euglena algae and increasing the amount of carbon dioxide fixed.
In addition, the lid | cover of the upper part of the culture tank 1 can use what permeate | transmits transparent light, arrange | positions an illuminating device in the culture tank 1, and is culture | cultivation tank 1 by the electric power generation by a wind force or sunlight. It is also possible to supply light inside.

  In FIG. 4B, a contact tower is provided in front of the culture tank to increase the contact amount between Euglena algae and carbon dioxide. In the configuration shown in FIG. 4 (b), adjustment for introducing cooling, desulfurization, etc. of the smoke is performed in the smoke exhaust chamber 103. Then, the adjusted flue gas is introduced into the contact tower 105. In the contact tower 105, the water in the culture tank 1 containing Euglena algae is supplied to the upper part of the contact tower 105 through a pipe 106. And it is sprayed. A multi-stage trap is disposed in the contact tower 105, and a number of holes for allowing water to escape downward are provided on the bottom surface of the trap. By this trap, the water supplied to the contact tower 105 moves in a water droplet state in the contact tower 105 for a certain time. Carbon dioxide contained in the flue gas is supplied to the contact tower 105, and the contact amount between the water droplet and carbon dioxide is increased and dissolved in the water droplet. Since Euglena algae are contained in the water droplets, carbon dioxide is supplied to Euglena algae. Water that has sufficiently absorbed carbon dioxide in the contact tower 105 is returned to the culture tank 1 again. In addition, it is also possible to promote fixation of carbon dioxide in the contact tower 105 by supplying sunlight into the contact tower 105 or supplying light by an illumination device.

Next, the structure of the power generation part of the wind power generator used for this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the power generation unit of the wind power generator.
The end of the shaft 21 connected to the windmill is supported by housings 25 and 25 via bearings. A connection housing 26 is arranged between the housings 25.
A disk 22 having a permanent magnet 23 fixed to the periphery is attached to the shaft 21, and the disk 22 rotates integrally with the shaft 21. The shaft 21 is provided with a spline groove, and the central portion of the disk 22 is fitted into this groove. A coil 24 fixed to the connection housing 26 is provided at a position facing the permanent magnet 23 of the disk 22. The coil 24 is disposed along the rotation trajectory of the permanent magnet 23.
As a result, the disk 22 rotates with the rotation of the shaft 21, and the permanent magnet 23 moves relative to the coil 24 to generate electricity. The disk 22 and the coil 24 can be expanded according to the power generation capacity by providing the connection housing 26 between the housings 25 and 25. Thereby, even a thing with big power generation capacity can be set as the structure which suppressed the increase in the moment from an axis | shaft, and the wind power generator which can generate electric power with a little wind can be comprised.

Next, the configuration of the closed carbon dioxide fixing device will be described with reference to FIG.
The closed carbon dioxide fixing device 201 includes a partition wall 202 that maintains airtightness, a culture tank 203 disposed in the partition wall 202, and an illumination 204. In the partition wall 202, the culture tank 203 and the illumination 204 are respectively disposed on the same level of the structure, and supply light energy to the culture tank 203 by the illumination 204. Thus, by supplying light energy to the culture tank 203 by the illumination 204, carbon dioxide can be fixed regardless of the weather.
The culture tank 203 has a depth of about 1 m, and the culture solution is placed in the culture tank 203 up to about half the bulk of the tank. A stirrer is attached to the culture tank 203, and the culture solution in the culture tank 203 is stirred. The illumination 204 uses efficient illumination for the photosynthesis of Euglena in the culture tank 203, and a plant lamp or the like can be used.
A pipe 206 is connected to each layer or room in which the culture tank 203 and the lighting 204 are provided, and carbon dioxide or a gas containing carbon dioxide is supplied through the pipe 205 through the pipe 206. .
Carbon dioxide supplied into the closed carbon dioxide fixing device 201 is consumed by Euglena in the culture tank 203. The lighting 204 is supplied with electric power from the power generation device 2 provided adjacent to the sealed carbon dioxide fixing device 201, and the culture tank 20 can be stirred with the electric power from the power generation device 2.
In the multilayer structure in which the culture tank 203 is arranged, the partition wall 202 can be omitted by keeping the airtightness of the structure itself.
A mobile carbon dioxide delivery means 210 can be used as a carbon dioxide supply source. The carbon dioxide delivery means 210 has a tank for storing carbon dioxide, such as a tank lorry, and is movable, and the carbon dioxide is stored in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state in the tank.

The carbon dioxide delivery means 210 takes out the exhaust gas from the take-out section 222 provided in the chimney 221 such as a factory and stores it in the tank. Supply of the gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide delivery means 210 can be performed using a pump or the like. The pump can be attached to the carbon dioxide delivery means 210. In addition, the gas containing carbon dioxide can be taken out at the downstream side of the desulfurization device 223. In this case, the desulfurization apparatus 223 is provided with a take-out unit 224, and a gas containing carbon dioxide after being desulfurized from the take-out unit 224 can be acquired.
Further, a carbon dioxide storage facility is provided in a factory or the like, and carbon dioxide or a gas containing carbon dioxide is temporarily stored in the carbon dioxide storage facility, and delivered to the closed carbon dioxide fixing device 201 by the carbon dioxide delivery means 210. It is also possible to do. As described above, when the carbon dioxide delivery means 210 collects carbon dioxide from a factory or the like that is a carbon dioxide emission source, the carbon dioxide can be efficiently recovered and immobilized.
Thus, by fixing carbon dioxide in a closed system, the amount of carbon dioxide fixed can be quantified, and the processing efficiency can be easily recognized. In addition, the influence on the outside system is reduced. Further, by using the power generation device 2 that uses wind power and solar cells, carbon dioxide can be fixed efficiently without causing further emission of carbon dioxide.

  The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the carbon dioxide fixing apparatus of this invention.   The schematic diagram which shows the structure of an electric power generating apparatus and a control apparatus.   The schematic diagram which shows the structure which introduce | transduces the carbon dioxide contained in flue gas into a carbon dioxide fixing device.   The schematic diagram which shows the other structure which introduce | transduces the carbon dioxide contained in flue gas into a carbon dioxide fixing device.   Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the electric power generation part of a wind power generator.   The schematic diagram which shows the processing structure of a sealing-type carbon dioxide.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Culture tank 2 Power generator 3 Wind generator 4 Solar generator 5 Control apparatus

Claims (1)

A carbon dioxide fixation system,
Euglena algae,
A culture tank for culturing the Euglena algae;
A control device for controlling the culture tank;
A communication device connected to the control device;
A power supply device for supplying power to the control device and the communication device,
The power supply device is
A wind power generator,
A rotating shaft that is rotated by wind power;
A rotor constituted by a disk that rotates perpendicularly to the rotation axis and rotates together with the rotation axis, and in which a permanent magnet is disposed;
An armature having a coil disposed perpendicular to the rotation axis and parallel to the rotor;
Generators arranged alternately, and
A solar power generator,
A carbon dioxide fixing system comprising:

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