JP2009023796A - Safety device of elevator top part - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safety device of an elevator top part capable of being easily installed on an elevator having a side rescue port at the side surface of a car since the clearance dimension of the top part cannot be enlarged. <P>SOLUTION: An operating member is retracted at the car side when lifting the elevator in a normal operation mode, and the operation member 32 is projected upward from the upper surface of the car only when the elevator is lifted in a maintenance operation mode. Therefore, even in the elevator 100 wherein the clearance dimension of the top part cannot be enlarged in the normal operation mode, safety for operators can be secured by immediately stopping the car which rises over a predetermined position of the hoistway. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a top safety device that prevents a car from ascending beyond a predetermined position of a hoistway top when performing maintenance and inspection work of an elevator, and more specifically, can be applied to an elevator having a small top clearance dimension. The present invention relates to a technique for improving the top safety device.

Conventionally, in a machine roomless elevator, as shown in FIG. 10, a car 10 is guided by a pair of left and right car side guide rails 11 </ b> L and 11 </ b> R to move up and down in a hoistway.
A main rope 14 is wound around a main sheave 13 that is rotationally driven by a hoisting machine 12 disposed at the top of the hoistway, and one side thereof is wound around a pair of left and right car sheaves 15L and 15R. While the car 10 is suspended, its end is fixed to the first hitch portion 16, and the other side is wound around the weight side sheave 17 a to suspend the counterweight 17 and its end is the second hitch. The part 18 is fixed.

By the way, when performing maintenance and inspection work for such a machine roomless elevator, a worker is transferred to the upper part of the car 10, or a worker enters the bottom pit of the hoistway, and the maintenance operation mode is different from the normal operation mode. The car 10 is driven at a low speed.
At this time, the car 10 can be fully lifted up to the vicinity of the top and bottom of the hoistway beyond the normal lifting range set between the lowermost floor and the uppermost floor.
Therefore, a top safety device 20 is provided for ensuring the safety of the worker by preventing the car 10 from going up and down beyond a predetermined range during maintenance inspection work.

The top safety device 20 is fixed to the first limit switch 21 provided at a predetermined position on the top of the hoistway, the second limit switch 22 provided at a predetermined position on the bottom of the hoistway, and the side of the car 10. In addition, an arcuate plate-like cam 23 is provided in a side view extending in the vertical direction.
As a result, when the car 10 is going to rise or descend beyond a predetermined range, the plate cam 23 operates the limit switches 21 and 22 to forcibly stop the hoisting machine 12, so that the car 10 Can not be moved up and down beyond a predetermined range, and safety of maintenance workers can be ensured (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 below).

JP 2004-284863 A JP 2006-89196 A

By the way, as shown in FIG. 11, when the side rescue port 24 is provided on the side surface of the car 10, a plate is used so as not to disturb the opening / closing of the door of the side rescue port 24 and the evacuation of passengers. It is necessary to provide the cam 25 at the top of the car 10.
Along with this, the upper end 25 a of the plate-like cam 25 greatly protrudes upward from the upper surface of the car 10.

On the other hand, in the machine roomless elevator, a large gap dimension between the ceiling surface of the hoistway and the upper surface of the car when the car 10 reaches the top floor in the normal operation mode, that is, a so-called top gap dimension is taken. There is something I can't do.
In this case, since the plate-like cam 25 cannot be protruded largely upward from the upper surface of the car 10, the structure or mounting position of the plate-like cam 25 with respect to the car 10 is changed, or a building provided with a hoistway It was difficult to deal with such as changing the side.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and easily to an elevator that cannot take a large clearance at the top and has a side rescue port on the side of the car. The object is to provide an elevator top safety device that can be installed.

The means described in claim 1 for solving the above problem is as follows.
A top safety device for stopping the elevator car so that the elevator car does not rise above a predetermined position on the hoistway top when raising the elevator car in the maintenance operation mode,
An actuating member for actuating a stopping means disposed at the top of the hoistway is provided so as to freely reciprocate between a state retracted to the car side and a state protruding upward from the car. It is characterized by being.

The actuating member can be configured to be stretchable between a state shortened to the side of the car and a state extended upward from the car, or can be configured to lie down on the side of the car and upward from the car. It can also be configured to be able to swing between the state of standing up toward the side.
In addition, the operating member can be detachably attached to the car, and a worker who performs maintenance and inspection work can change the state of the operating member manually.
Furthermore, a non-contact switch such as a mechanical limit switch, electrostatic type, magnetic type, or photoelectric type that is electrically connected to the elevator operation control device can be used as the stopping means.

In other words, according to the top safety device of the first aspect, the operating member is retracted to the side of the car when the car is raised and lowered in the normal operation mode, and it is activated only when the car is raised and lowered in the maintenance operation mode. The member can be greatly protruded upward from the upper surface of the car.
As a result, even when the elevator top clearance cannot be made large in the normal operation mode, the operating member can be protruded upward from the car during maintenance inspection work. When the car is about to rise beyond the position, the car can be stopped immediately to ensure the safety of the worker.
Further, since the length of the actuating member can be set regardless of the top clearance dimension of the car, even in an elevator in which the top clearance dimension in the normal operation mode is set to 1200 mm, for example, the maintenance operation mode In this case, the top clearance dimension can be set to 1700 millimeters, for example, and a safe working space for workers can be secured.

  The means described in claim 2 is the top safety device described in claim 1, further comprising a drive mechanism for reciprocating the operating member.

  That is, in the top safety device according to claim 2, since the operating member can be reciprocated by the drive mechanism, the operating member protrudes upward before the worker moves to the upper part of the car, It is possible to ensure work safety in advance.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the top safety device according to the second aspect, the drive mechanism is activated when a switching means for operating the car from the normal operation mode to the maintenance operation mode is operated. The actuating member is configured to be driven to protrude upward from the car.

That is, in the top safety device according to claim 3, when the operation mode of the car is switched from the normal operation mode to the maintenance operation mode, the operating member is driven by the drive mechanism and automatically protrudes upward. It will be.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the maintenance / inspection work from being started without protruding the operating member upward, and thus the safety of the maintenance / inspection work can be further enhanced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the top safety device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the detecting means detects that the operating member protrudes upward from the car;
Control means for enabling operation of the car in the maintenance operation mode only when the detection means detects that the operating member is in a state of protruding upward from the car;
Is further provided.

That is, in the top safety device according to the fourth aspect, the car cannot be operated in the maintenance operation mode unless the operating member protrudes upward from the car.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the maintenance / inspection work from being started without causing the operating member to protrude upward, thereby further improving the safety of the maintenance / inspection work.

Furthermore, the means described in claim 5 for solving the above-described problem is as follows.
A top safety device for stopping the elevator car so that the elevator car does not rise above a predetermined position on the hoistway top when raising the elevator car in the maintenance operation mode,
A support member provided on the car so as to freely reciprocate between a state retracted to the car side and a state protruding upward from the car;
Stop means supported by the tip portion of the support member, which operates in contact with the side of the hoistway when the car is going to rise beyond a predetermined position on the top of the hoistway;
It is characterized by providing.

That is, in the top safety device according to the fifth aspect, the stopping means for stopping the raising of the car is supported by the support member provided on the car, so that the stopping means is provided on the wall of the hoistway or the guide rail. Compared to the case of mounting, the maintenance inspection work can be easily performed on the car.
The stopping means can be brought into contact with the ceiling surface of the hoistway, or can be brought into contact with a member attached to the guide rail.

In addition, the means described in claim 6 for solving the above problem is
A top safety device for stopping the elevator car so that the elevator car does not rise above a predetermined position on the hoistway top when raising the elevator car in the maintenance operation mode,
Stop means disposed at the top of the hoistway;
A second actuating member attached to a main rope that suspends the car, which actuates the stopping means when the car is going to rise beyond a predetermined position on the top of the hoistway. It is characterized by.

That is, in the top safety device described in claim 6, since the second operating member for operating the stopping means is attached to the main rope, the second operating member protrudes upward from the car. There is no.
Moreover, since the attachment position with respect to the main rope of the 2nd operation member can be changed freely, the position which forcibly stops a cage | basket | car in maintenance operation mode can be adjusted freely.
Furthermore, since the stopping means is disposed at the top of the hoistway in the vicinity of the main rope, the stopping means can be maintained and inspected from the machine room side, and the work load can be reduced.

  As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, an elevator that can not be provided with a large clearance at the top and that can be easily installed in an elevator having a side rescue port on the side surface of the car. A top safety device can be provided.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 9, each embodiment of the top safety device of the elevator which concerns on this invention is described in detail.
In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts including the prior art described above with reference to FIGS.

First Embodiment First, an elevator top safety device according to a first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

In the elevator 100 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a top safety device 30 is provided on the upper surface of the car 10.
The top safety device 30 includes a rectangular tube-shaped housing 31 attached to the upper surface of the car 10, a state of protruding upward from the housing 31 (FIG. 1), and a state of being housed in the housing 31 (FIG. 2). ), And a plate-like cam (actuating member) 32 that can move up and down.
Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the car 10 rises to a predetermined position on the top of the hoistway with the plate cam 32 protruding upward, and the upper end inclined surface 32 a of the plate cam 32 is the roller portion of the limit switch 21. When is pushed, a stop signal is sent to an operation control device (not shown) of the elevator 100, the hoisting machine 12 is stopped, and the raising of the car 10 is stopped.

As shown in FIG. 3, a drive mechanism for reciprocating the plate cam 32 in the vertical direction is provided inside the housing 31.
This drive mechanism has a roller 34 that is rotationally driven by an electric motor 33, and sandwiches a plate-shaped cam 32 together with a roller 35 that is rotatably supported on the housing 31 side, and rotates in both forward and reverse directions. The plate cam 32 is driven in the vertical direction.
The plate cam 32 is supported by a slider 36 and can move up and down smoothly.

When an operator who performs maintenance and inspection work on the elevator 100 operates an operation panel (switching means) (not shown) to switch from the normal operation mode to the maintenance operation mode, the control means (not shown) also controls the operation of the electric motor 33. Then, the plate-like cam 32 is protruded upward.
Thereby, the plate-like cam 32 can be protruded upward before the maintenance inspection work is started, so that the safety of the maintenance inspection work can be further enhanced.

That is, in the elevator top safety device 30 according to the first embodiment, when the car 10 is moved up and down in the normal operation mode, the plate cam 32 is retracted to the car 10 side, and the car 10 is placed in the maintenance operation mode. This is a structure in which the plate-like cam 32 is largely protruded upward from the upper surface of the car 10 only when it is moved up and down.
Thus, even when the top gap size when the elevator car 10 of the elevator 100 is raised and lowered in the normal operation mode is, for example, 1200 mm, the top portion of the elevator can be projected by projecting the plate cam 32 upward in the maintenance operation mode. Since the gap dimension can be set to 1700 millimeters, for example, a safe working space for workers can be secured at the top of the hoistway.

  As shown in FIG. 4, as a drive mechanism for driving the plate cam 32 in the vertical direction, a screw rod 38 that is driven to rotate in both forward and reverse directions by an electric motor 37 and a lower end of the plate cam 32 are attached. The nut member 39 can also be used.

Second Embodiment Next, a top safety device according to a second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The top safety device 40 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has a plate-like cam 26 that moves up and down along the side surface of the car 10, not the upper surface of the car 10.
Therefore, a drive mechanism for driving the plate cam 26 in the vertical direction is provided inside the car frame 10 a that supports the car 10.

The drive mechanism includes a rod 42 that moves up and down by a cylinder 41, a bracket 43 that is attached to the tip of the rod 42, and is connected to the bracket 43 and is slidable in the vertical direction along one side of the car frame 10a. And a slider 44.
The bracket 26 a of the plate cam 26 is connected to the slider 44.
Thus, by controlling the operation of the cylinder 41, the plate-like cam 26 can be reciprocated in the vertical direction between the state retracted to the car 10 side and the state protruding upward from the car 10. it can.

In other words, the top safety device 40 according to the second embodiment moves the plate-like cam 26 arranged along the side surface of the car 10 up and down.
However, since a driving device for driving the plate-like cam 26 in the vertical direction is provided inside the car frame 10a, the door of the side rescue port 24 provided in the car 10 can be opened and closed and the passenger can be evacuated. There is no hindrance.
The cylinder 41 and the rod 42 can be replaced with an electric motor and a screw rod.

Third Embodiment Next, a top safety device of a third embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The top safety device 50 according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is in a state in which it is retracted to the side of the car 10 by the manual operation of the worker W who has moved to the upper surface of the car 10 and the car. The state which protruded upwards from 10 The plate-shaped cam 51 is reciprocated between FIG.6 (b).
Further, when the detection means cannot detect the state in which the plate-like cam 51 protrudes upward, the car 10 cannot be operated in the maintenance operation mode.

Therefore, the housing 52 fixed to the upper surface of the car 10 is provided with a guide portion 53 for guiding the vertical movement of the plate cam 51, and the plate cam 51 is locked to the guide portion 53. Therefore, the pin 54 can be inserted and removed.
A bracket 55 projects from the lower end of the plate cam 51 so that a roller 56a of a limit switch (detecting means) 56 attached to the upper portion of the housing 52 can be pushed.

When the maintenance and inspection work is started, the worker W who has moved to the upper surface of the car 10 pulls out the pin 54, then lifts the plate cam 51 upward, and inserts the pin 54 again. The state shown in (b) is fixed.
At this time, since the bracket 55 pushes the roller 56a of the limit switch 56, the limit switch 56 is activated, and it can be detected that the plate-like cam 51 is protruding upward from the car 10.
Then, the elevator operation control device (not shown) permits switching from the normal operation mode to the maintenance operation mode when the operator W operates the operation panel for switching the elevator operation mode.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6A, when the plate-like cam 51 is in the retracted state toward the car 10, the limit switch 56 is not operated, so that the normal operation mode is changed to the maintenance operation mode. Switching to is prohibited.

That is, in the top safety device 50 of the third embodiment, the car 10 cannot be operated in the maintenance operation mode unless the plate-like cam 51 protrudes upward from the car 10.
Thereby, since it is possible to prevent the maintenance inspection work from being started without protruding the plate-like cam 51 upward from the car 10, the safety of the maintenance inspection work can be further enhanced.

Fourth Embodiment Next, a top safety device according to a fourth embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  The top safety device 60 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 replaces the plate-like cam 51 in the top safety device 50 of the third embodiment described above with a support member 61 that is straight in the vertical direction. A limit switch (stop means) 62 is attached to the upper end.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 7B, in the state where the support member 61 protrudes upward from the car 10, when the car 10 rises to a predetermined position, the roller 62a of the limit switch 62 moves the ceiling surface of the hoistway. Since the limit switch 62 is actuated, the rising of the car 10 can be stopped immediately.

That is, the top safety device 60 of the fourth embodiment has a structure in which the limit switch 62 for stopping the raising of the car 10 is supported by the support member 61 provided on the car 10.
Thereby, compared with the case where the limit switch 62 is attached to the wall surface of the hoistway, the guide rail, or the like, the maintenance and inspection work can be easily performed on the car 10.

Fifth Embodiment Next, a top safety device of a fifth embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The top safety device 70 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is a modification of the structure of the top safety device 60 of the fourth embodiment described above, and the support member 71 is a horizontal support shaft provided on the car 10. The base end is pivotally supported by 72 in a swingable manner.
As a result, the support member 71 can take a state of lying down along the upper surface of the car 10 and a state of standing upward from the car 10 and being fixed by a fixing means (not shown).

  A limit switch 73 is attached to the upper end of the support member 71. When the car 10 is raised to a predetermined position, the roller 73a comes into contact with the ceiling surface 63 of the hoistway of the hoistway, so that the limit switch 73 operates. To immediately stop the car 10 from rising.

A bracket 74 is provided at the lower end of the support member 71. When the support member 71 is in an upright state, the support member 71 pushes the roller 75a of the limit switch 75 fixed to the upper surface of the car 10. It can be detected that 71 is standing upward from the car 10.
Thereby, the elevator operation control device (not shown) permits switching from the normal operation mode to the maintenance operation mode when the operator W operates the operation panel for switching the operation mode of the elevator.

  That is, since the top safety device 70 of the fifth embodiment has a structure that supports the support member 71 so that it can be raised and lowered, the structure is simpler than the top safety device 60 of the fourth embodiment. can do.

6th Embodiment Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the top safety device of 6th Embodiment is demonstrated in detail.

The elevator shown in FIG. 9 has a structure in which a car 10 and a counterweight 17 are suspended in a fishing bottle shape by a main rope 14 wound around a main sheave 13 and a warping sheave 19.
The top safety device 80 according to the sixth embodiment is different from the top safety devices according to the first to fifth embodiments described above in the bracket (second operation) in the vicinity of the end of the main rope 14 on the car 10 side. Member) 81 and a limit switch (stop means) 82 attached to the ceiling surface 63 of the hoistway.

  As a result, when the car 10 is raised to a predetermined position, the bracket 81 pushes the roller 82a of the limit switch 82, so that the limit switch 82 is activated to immediately stop the raising of the car 10.

That is, in the top safety device 80 of the sixth embodiment, the bracket 81 for operating the limit switch 82 is attached to the main rope 14, so that the bracket 81 protrudes upward from the car 10. There is no.
Moreover, since the attachment position of the bracket 81 with respect to the main rope 14 can be changed freely, the position for forcibly stopping the raising of the car 10 in the maintenance operation mode can be freely adjusted.
Furthermore, since the limit switch 82 is disposed at the top of the hoistway in the vicinity of the main rope 14, the limit switch can be easily inspected from the machine room 83 side, reducing the burden of maintenance inspection work. be able to.

As mentioned above, although each embodiment of the top safety switch of the elevator which concerns on this invention was described in detail, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited by embodiment mentioned above and a various change is possible.
For example, the limit switch 56 in the top safety device 50 shown in FIG. 6 can be provided side by side with the top safety device 30 shown in FIG. 3 or the top safety device 40 shown in FIG.

The perspective view which shows the elevator provided with the top part safety apparatus of 1st Embodiment. The perspective view which shows the elevator provided with the top part safety apparatus of 1st Embodiment. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional side views of the top safety device. Sectional side view which shows the modification of the top safety | security apparatus of 1st Embodiment. The perspective view which shows the top safety device of 2nd Embodiment. A side view showing a top safety device of a 3rd embodiment. A side view showing a top safety device of a 4th embodiment. A side view showing a top safety device of a 5th embodiment. A side view showing a top safety device of a 6th embodiment. The perspective view which shows the elevator provided with the conventional top safety device. The perspective view which shows the elevator provided with the conventional top safety device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Car 10a Car frame 12 Hoisting machine 13 Main sheave 14 Main rope 19 Warp sheave 21, 22, Limit switch 23, 25, 26 Plate cam 24 Side relief port 30 Top part safety device of 1st Embodiment 32 Plate cam 33, 37 Electric motor 34 Roller 38 Screw rod 39 Nut member 40 Top safety device 41 of the second embodiment 41 Cylinder 42 Rod 43 Bracket 44 Slider 50 Top safety device of the third embodiment 51 Plate cam 54 Pin 55 Bracket 56 Limit switch 60 Top Safety Device of Fourth Embodiment 61 Support Member 62 Limit Switch 63 Hoistway Ceiling Surface 70 Top Safety Device of Fifth Embodiment 71 Support Member 72 Horizontal Supports 73, 75 Limit Switch 80 Top Safety of Sixth Embodiment Device 81 Bracket 82 Ri Ttosuitchi 83 machine room 100 elevator

Claims (6)

A top safety device for stopping the elevator car so that the elevator car does not rise above a predetermined position on the hoistway top when raising the elevator car in the maintenance operation mode,
An actuating member for actuating a stopping means disposed at the top of the hoistway is provided so as to freely reciprocate between a state retracted to the car side and a state protruding upward from the car. An elevator top safety device, characterized in that   The elevator top safety device according to claim 1, further comprising a drive mechanism for reciprocating the operating member.   The drive mechanism is activated when a switching means for operating the car from the normal operation mode to the maintenance operation mode is operated, and drives the operating member to protrude upward from the car. The elevator top safety device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is constructed. Detecting means for detecting that the operating member protrudes upward from the car;
Control means for enabling operation of the car in the maintenance operation mode when the detection means detects that the operating member is in a state of protruding upward from the car;
The elevator top safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: A top safety device for stopping the elevator car so that the elevator car does not rise above a predetermined position on the hoistway top when raising the elevator car in the maintenance operation mode,
A support member provided on the car so as to freely reciprocate between a state retracted to the car side and a state protruding upward from the car;
Stop means supported by the tip portion of the support member, which operates in contact with the side of the hoistway when the car is going to rise beyond a predetermined position on the top of the hoistway;
An elevator top safety device comprising: When the elevator car is raised in the maintenance operation mode, the top safety device stops the car so that it does not rise beyond a predetermined position on the hoistway top,
Stop means disposed at the top of the hoistway;
A second actuating member attached to a main rope that suspends the car, which actuates the stopping means when the car is going to rise beyond a predetermined position on the top of the hoistway. Elevator top safety device characterized by

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