JP2009022224A - Subterranean-stemmed crop harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a subterranean-stemmed crop harvester that solves the problem, wherein with the hairy roots of a subterranean-stemmed crop stuck in soil, crop's harvesting operation comes to a halt midway, since the harvester becomes adhered with soil. <P>SOLUTION: The subterranean-stemmed crop harvester comprises a pulling conveyor part 6, set up inclined rearwardly upward for gripping stems/leaves L of a subterranean-stemmed crop C for pulling off the crop C; a root-cutoff blade 7 for cutting off part of the hairy roots R of the crop C in the soil; a stems/leave cutting part 8, set up on the conveyor part 6 and functioning to cut the stems/leaves L and the subterranean stems U of the crop C off each other, midway of conveying the crop C dug up; a subterranean stem-receiving part 9, set up beneath the part 8 and functioning to catch the subterranean stems U dropped separated; and a hairy root-cutoff part 10, having a bulb mover 10a which is loadable with the respective subterranean stems U and a hairy stem-cutoff blade 10b for cutting hairy roots R and stems S off the subterranean stems U. In this harvester, an operator's riding part 5 is set up, adjoining a bulb mover 10a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvester for an underground stem crop that includes a traveling vehicle body and holds and removes stems and leaves from a field by holding a stem and leaves by a conveyor.

  JP 2004-49081 A (Prior Art 1), JP 2004-73059 A (Prior Art 2), and JP 2004-73060 A are conventional techniques of a harvester for rhizome crops equipped with this type of conveyor. (Prior Art 3) is known.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-49081 (Prior Art 1) states that “a nipped conveyance of a leaf stem portion of a root vegetable crop vegetated in a field is composed of a pair of left and right belts whose opposite surfaces rotate backward in a rear inclined plane. In the root vegetable harvesting machine that pulls out the root vegetable part by holding it on the opposite surface of the device and keeps the hanging posture, and transports backward, hold both shoulders of the root vegetable part being transported to the transport path of the sandwiching transport device and keep constant There is a description relating to a “root crop harvesting machine characterized in that a shoulder aligning device having a roller in which a pressing surface consisting of a pair of left and right heights is rotated backward is provided.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-73059 (Prior Art 2) states that “the pinch portion of the root vegetable crop planted on the field is pinched by the pinch conveying device obliquely arranged in the front and rear and the root vegetable portion is pulled out. In the root vegetable harvesting machine that cuts the root growing on the bottom surface of the root vegetable part leaving a predetermined cutting root length by a root cutting device that is urged upward and can be moved up and down in the process of backward conveyance, in the root vegetable harvesting machine, The device consists of two disc cutters that are placed in contact with the bottom of the root vegetable part with a cutting root length, crossed and rotated horizontally on both sides of the transport path, and in front of each disc cutter. There is a description of a root cutting device for a root crop harvesting machine, which is provided with a guide disk that rotates horizontally to contact the bottom surfaces of the roots of the root crop section and feeds the root crop section into a disc cutter.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-73060 (Prior Art 3) states that “a pinch part of a root vegetable crop planted in a field is sandwiched by a holding and conveying device that is obliquely arranged at the front and rear heights, and the root vegetable part is pulled out. In the root vegetable harvesting machine that cuts the root growing on the bottom surface of the root vegetable part leaving a predetermined cutting root length by a root cutting device that is urged upward and can be moved up and down in the process of backward conveyance, in the root vegetable harvesting machine, The device is composed of two disk cutters that are in contact with the bottom of the root vegetable section with a cutting root length and intersect and rotate horizontally on both sides of the transport path, and below each disk cutter. A root of a root crop harvesting machine, characterized in that the root of the root crop harvesting machine is mounted with a rotating transfer ring having a linear part located at the front end of the front end of the disk cutter, with the mating surface elastically deforming while sandwiching the root There is a description of "cutting device".

  In addition, Patent 3245695 (Prior Art 4) and Patent 3210995 (Prior Art 5) that disclose a hair root cutting device that cuts the roots of harvested garlic from the underground stem are described as reference techniques. To do.

  In Japanese Patent No. 3245695 (prior art 4), “a transport body having a bucket for placing a root of garlic or the like facing a root and a foliage facing forward is disposed horizontally, A follicle having a space where an operator is positioned in front of one side, a raw material mounting base is provided on the opposite side, and the hair root can be cut while being vertically clamped and gripped on the opposite side of the other half of the horizontally long transport body There is a description of “a hair root cutting device such as garlic, which is characterized by providing a cutting means”.

Japanese Patent No. 3210995 (Prior Art 5) discloses that "a garlic in which a bucket on which garlic or the like is placed is attached and moved, and a hair root cutting cutter is placed close to the side of the bucket. In the hair root cutting device such as garlic, there is a description of "a hair root cutting device such as garlic", characterized in that the hair root is gripped by a pair of upper and lower crimping members and propelled in parallel with the bucket.
JP 2004-49081 A (Prior Art 1) JP 2004-73059 A (Prior Art 2) JP 2004-73060 A (Prior Art 3) Japanese Patent No. 3245695 (prior art 4) Japanese Patent No. 3210995 (prior art 5)

  The rhizome crops are dried for a certain period after harvesting, but it is necessary to cut and separate the hair root and foliage from the rhizome as a prerequisite. And the rhizome part of the rhizome crop harvested by the conveyor conveyer provided in the traveling vehicle body is uneven in size and shape. Moreover, since the soil adheres to the follicles of the excavated rhizome crops in various forms, it is necessary to carry out a precise soiling operation as a pre-process for cutting the follicles.

  For this reason, in the conventional techniques 1 to 3, the earth dropping device and the root cutting device are provided in the middle of the conveyor, but it is difficult to reliably remove the soil having various aspects and amounts attached to the hair root by the earth dropping device. When the root cutting device is reached with the soil attached to the hair root, there is a problem that the cutting position cannot be determined, or the device is clogged due to the soil and the work is stopped halfway. .

  Furthermore, the root cutting devices disclosed in the prior arts 1 to 3 have a complicated structure, and there is a problem that much time is required for the adjustment and inspection.

  Further, in the root cutting devices disclosed in the prior arts 1 to 3, when the traveling speed of the traveling vehicle body is increased, clogging and cutting problems are likely to occur, and the processing capacity is limited. Therefore, the traveling vehicle body speed is increased. There was a problem that the work processing speed could not be improved.

In order to solve the above problems, a self-propelled vehicle body, a cockpit, an operation device, a rhizome crop harvesting device, and a worker's riding section are provided.
The harvesting device is a pulling conveyer unit that sandwiches and extracts the stems and leaves of the underground stem crop obliquely planted in the rear and planted in the field,
A root cutting blade that is provided near the starting end of the pulling conveyor and passes through the lower part of the rhizome crop in the soil and swells and softens the soil around the rhizome and cuts a part of the hair root,
A foliage cutting unit that is provided in the pulling conveyer unit and cuts and separates the underground stem crop that has been dug up by the pulling conveyer unit into a foliage part and an underground stem part of the underground stem crop in the middle of conveyance,
An underground stem receiving part that receives the underground stem part that has been separated and dropped below the cutting part of the foliage part,
While providing a bulb moving body capable of placing each rhizome part and a hair root cutting part having a hair root and a hair root cutting blade that cuts the stem from the rhizome part,
A rhizome crop harvester characterized in that a worker's riding part is provided adjacent to a bulb moving body of a hair root cutting part is proposed.

  Moreover, the harvester of the rhizome crops described in the column 0013, in which the rhizome receiving part is a rhizome receiving part composed of a moving conveyor, is proposed.

  Furthermore, the rhizome crop harvesting machine described in the 0014 column, in which the movement direction of the rhizome receiving part composed of the moving conveyor and the bulb moving body of the hair root cutting part is horizontal and is provided in parallel with each other, is proposed.

  Furthermore, the underground stem according to the column 0014 or the column 0015, in which a storage plate is provided on each of the downstream downstream ends of the bulb moving bodies of the underground root receiving portion and the hair root cutting portion which are constituted by a moving conveyor. Propose a crop harvester.

  In addition, a rhizome crop harvesting machine described in the 0013 column, the 0014 column, the 0015 column, or the 0016 column, in which the hair root cutting unit can be driven independently of the driving of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit, is proposed.

  According to the present invention, since the operator can reliably take the rhizome part that has fallen on the rhizome receiving part by hand and align the position and orientation with the bulb moving body of the hair root cutting part, it is more accurate than the conventional technique. Highly reliable cutting is possible.

  For example, even if the size and shape of the rhizome part are uneven, it is not necessary to provide a complicated alignment device as in the prior arts 1 to 3, and even if soil or the like is attached to the root part, the work is started from the rhizome receiving part. After a person picks up and removes the soil without fail, the position can be aligned and placed on the bulb moving body, so that the hair root part can be cut reliably and accurately. Therefore, a high quality rhizome crop harvester can be manufactured at low cost.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 2 or claim 3, the underground stem that is separated by the foliage cutting part and falls to the underground stem receiving part does not stay in the same place. Furthermore, even when a plurality of workers can work, there is an effect that it is easy to take and the work efficiency is good because the falling stems are dispersed.

  Furthermore, like the invention which concerns on Claim 4, by arrange | positioning a storage container at the moving downstream side part of the moving conveyor which is a rhizome receiving part and a bulb moving body, respectively, a traveling vehicle body raises traveling speed etc. Even if the number of underground stalks to be dug up and the processing of cutting hair roots and foliage by workers cannot catch up, untreated underground stalks fall into the storage container and are stored, so they accumulate in the storage container Untreated rhizomes can be treated to remove hair follicles and the like in a different process at different times and locations. Therefore, particularly when rainfall is expected, the excavation work can be prioritized and the traveling speed of the traveling vehicle body can be increased to perform the excavation work more quickly. Furthermore, when digging up, it is possible to easily change the work according to the conditions such as the weather such that the digging work can be performed by only one driver of the traveling vehicle body.

  Furthermore, in the case of the invention according to claim 5, only the hair root cutting part is driven in a place such as indoors at another time such as rain, and only the hair root part and the stem can be removed. In addition, the work process can be changed.

  Fig. 1 is a side view of a rhizome crop harvester, Fig. 2 is a plan view, Fig. 3 is a rear view, and is a partial plan view of a rhizome crop harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4. FIG. 5 is another partial plan view, FIG. 6 is a partial side view, and FIG. 7 is a partial side view.

  A rhizome crop harvester according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a self-propelled vehicle body 1, a cockpit 2, an operation device 3, a rhizome crop harvesting device 4, and an operator riding section 5. ing.

  The self-propelled vehicle body 1 is self-propelled by the crawler traveling device 1a and travels by the pilot sitting in the cockpit 2. The operator operates the operation device 3 to activate the harvesting device 4.

  The harvesting device 4 conveys the rhizome crop C provided in the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6, the root conveying blade 6 provided in the vicinity of the starting end of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6, and the pulling and conveying unit 6 provided obliquely upward and downward. On the way, the foliage cutting part 8 that cuts and separates the foliage part L and the foliage stem part U of the rhizome crop C, the underground stem receiving part 9 provided below the foliage part cutting part 8, and the underground stem part U are moved so as to be mounted. The root moving part 10a and the hair root cutting part 10 which has the hair root stem cutting blade 10b and the hair root grasping part 10c which cut | disconnect the hair root part R and the stem S from the underground stem part U to be made, the cutting part storage container 14, and the receiving part storage container 15 And provide.

  The worker's riding section 5 is composed of a seat. In this embodiment, the seat includes two seats arranged in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction, and is provided adjacent to the bulb moving body 10a of the follicle cutting unit 10 and facing the traveling direction.

  The pulling and conveying conveyor unit 6 is disposed obliquely with a pair of left and right elastic endless belts 6a and 6a positioned at the front upstream side at the bottom and the rear downstream side at the top, and the left and right elastic endless belts 6a and 6a are at the rear top The drive sprockets 6b and 6b located at the front and the driven sprockets 6c and 6c located at the lower front part are spanned to face each other from the left and right and move from the front lower part to the rear upper part to rotate endlessly. A foliage guide 13 is provided at the tip of the pulling and conveying conveyor unit 6.

  A root cutting blade 7 is provided in the vicinity of the starting end of the drawing / conveying section 6. The root cutting blade 7 is stretched over the tip of a root cutting frame 7a that is pivotally supported by the frame of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. It passes through the lower part and swings back and forth to swell and soften the soil around the rhizome and cut a part of the root.

   The foliage cutting unit 8 provided in the frame of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6 is composed of two opposing circular rotary cutters 8a and 8a provided in the lower part of the frame of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6, and is rotated in the reverse direction to be conveyed. The coming rhizome crop C is cut and separated into the foliage portion L and the rhizome portion U of the rhizome crop C in the middle of conveyance.

  A leaflet 11 made of an endless chain conveyor is provided at a position that becomes the downstream end at the upper end of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6. The leaflet body 11 is provided with the upstream end portion of the endless chain conveyor adjacent to the downstream end portion of the pulling and conveying conveyor portion 6, and only the leaf portion L cut by the leaf portion cutting portion 8 is hooked. 11 is discharged from a leaf chute 12 connected to the downstream end of the leaf 11.

  In this embodiment, the rhizome receiving part 9 is composed of a belt conveyor, and moves at a speed lower than the speed of the bulb moving body 10a adjacent in parallel to the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction.

  The bulb moving body 10a of the hair root cutting unit 10 is arranged in parallel with the chain conveyor 101 provided in the approximate center of the horizontally long frame 100 adjacent to the underground stem receiving unit 9 formed of a belt conveyor in the traveling direction of the chain conveyor 101. A large number of buckets 102 are attached.

  Each bucket 102 includes a root plate 103 and an auxiliary plate 104 provided to face the left and right of the chain conveyor 101 in the traveling direction. As shown in FIG. 7, each root placement plate 103 is formed of a plate-like body having a concave upper central portion, and in this embodiment, is erected on the left side in the traveling direction of the chain conveyor 101. Each auxiliary plate 104 is formed of an oblique plate-like body having a horizontal portion provided at a corresponding position of each root plate 103.

  The chain conveyor 101 is stretched between moving body sprockets 105 having a rotation axis in the horizontal direction provided at the left and right frame positions with respect to the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle, and rotates endlessly up and down. The moving speed of the chain conveyor 101 moves at a speed faster than the moving speed of the belt conveyor which is the underground stem receiving portion 9.

  The hair root cutting blade 10b of the hair root cutting unit 10 includes a hair root cutter 106 and a stem cutter 107, which are rotary circular blades provided on the left and right sides of the downstream side of the chain conveyor 101. The hair root cutter 106 is provided adjacent to the outside of the root placement plate 103 side on the root placement plate 103 side of the bucket 102, and is provided on the downstream side of the stem cutter 107. The stem cutter 107 is provided on the auxiliary plate 104 side of the bucket 102 on the outer side of the auxiliary plate 104 side, and is provided on the upstream side of the follicle cutter 106. In another embodiment, the position of the hair root cutter 106 may be provided on the right side in the traveling direction of the chain conveyor 101. In this case, the root placement plate 103 is also provided on the same side.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the follicle gripping portion 10 c of the follicle cutting portion 10 is stretched between the gripping chase sprockets 109 in an endless manner so that a pair of upper and lower follicle gripping chains 108, 108 are pressed against each other. Each follicle gripping chain 108 is provided with a large number of plate-shaped gripping members 109 having concave and convex teeth toward the outside in the chain traveling direction. The upper and lower gripping members 109 are formed by the upper and lower follicle gripping chains 108, 108. It is provided so as to be engaged and crimped at the portion to be crimped.

  The pair of upper and lower follicle gripping chains 108 and 108 of the follicle gripping portion 10c move in the same direction as the traveling direction of the chain conveyor 101 of the bulb moving body 10a at the crimping portion, but the upstream side moves the follicle portion conveyed up and down. It is a structure that gradually narrows from an appropriate width so that it can be easily pinched. Reference numeral 110 denotes a leaf spring that assists the engagement of the gripping member 109 by pressing the upper traveling side of the lower hair root gripping chain 108 upward from the inside.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the follicle gripping portion 10c of the follicle cutting unit 10 is provided so that the downstream side from the upstream side in the plan view is gradually separated from the chain conveyor 101 of the bulb moving body 10a. Reference numeral 112 denotes a drive motor for the hair root cutting part.

  The follicle cutting unit 10 is provided so that a follicle cutting unit drive motor 112, which is a driving device thereof, is driven independently of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6 and the traveling unit of the traveling vehicle body 1.

  The cutting part storage container 14 is a box-like body having an open upper surface placed below the most downstream side of the bulb moving body 10a of the follicle cutting part 10, and is provided on the vehicle body 1 so as to be foldable and open. It is detachably mounted on the mounting plate 16 supported in the state.

  The receiving part storage container 15 is a box-like body having an open upper surface placed below the most downstream side of the underground stem receiving part 9 made of a belt conveyor, and is provided in a foldable manner on the vehicle body 1 so as to be opened and in a horizontal state. It is detachably mounted on the mounting plate 16 supported by the above. The mounting plate 16 can be expanded in width by providing a folding portion 16a that can be opened and closed in the lateral direction of the traveling direction.

  Next, the operation of the rhizome crop harvester which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The vehicle body 1 that can be driven by the pilot sitting in the cockpit 2 drives the crawler device 1a to run, and the pilot operates the operation device 3 to activate the harvesting device 5. An operator who processes the harvest on the vehicle sits on the seat 5 in the traveling direction. In this embodiment, two left and right seats 5 are provided, and work by two people is possible.

  When the vehicle body 1 travels in the direction of the arrow A and the harvesting device 4 is operated, the root stem blade of the root stem crop C is moved while the root cutting blade 7 provided in the front portion of the pulling and conveying conveyor portion 6 swings back and forth. The soil in the vicinity of U is swelled and softened and cut below the hair root R. The foliage portion L of the rhizome crop C is guided by the foliage guide 13 and is pulled out between the opposing surfaces of the pair of left and right elastic endless belts 6a, 6a of the rotating pulling and conveying conveyor portion 6, and obliquely up and rearward while being pinched It is conveyed to.

  The rhizome crop C conveyed obliquely upward and rearward enters between the cutters 8a of the foliage cutting section 8 provided in the reverse direction and is cut into the foliage L and the rhizome U. The cut rhizome part U falls as it is and falls onto the belt conveyor which is the rhizome receiving part 9. The foliage portion L from which the underground stem portion U has been cut is conveyed obliquely upward, caught on the endless rotating chain 11 that is the leaflet body 11, falls onto the leaflet chute 12 on the downstream side, and is discharged to the field.

  Since the underground stem U that has fallen on the underground stem receiving portion 9 moves slowly by the movement of the belt conveyor, the underground stem U that successively falls in the same place does not accumulate. The slowly moving rhizome part U is supplied and placed on the bucket 102 of the follicle cutting part 10 by two workers sitting on the seat 5 which is the riding part.

  Each underground stem portion U is placed on the bucket 102 with its orientation determined in order to place the hair root portion R in the central recess of the root placement plate 103 of the bucket 102 and the stem S remaining on the valve B on the auxiliary plate 104 side. In this state, when the chain conveyor 101 moves to reach the hair root cutting blade 10b, the stem S and the valve B are cut by the stem cutter 107, and the space between the hair root portion R and the valve B is cut by the hair root cutter 106. At this time, the hair root portion R is sandwiched between the hair root gripping chains 108 of the hair root gripping portion 10c before being cut by the hair root cutter 106, but the hair root gripping chain 108 is upstream in the plan view as shown in FIG. Since the downstream side is provided so as to gradually move away from the chain conveyor 101 of the bulb moving body 10a, the root portion R is pulled in the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle, so that the cutting is more reliable and the bottom surface of the valve B is rooted. The hair root portion R is cut at a position close to the bottom surface of the valve B because it is pulled toward the mounting plate 103 and approaches the hair root cutter 106.

  The valve B from which the stem S and the hair root portion R are cut is transported while being placed on the bucket 102 and is dropped and stored in the cut portion storage container 13 on the downstream side.

  Of the underground stem U that has fallen to the underground stem receiving portion 9, the underground stem U that was not taken by the operator during the movement of the belt conveyor is dropped and stored in the receiving portion storage container 14 located on the lower downstream side of the belt conveyor. The The untreated rhizome part U that has fallen into the receiving part storage container 14 may be processed by operating only the follicle treatment part 10 again after completion of the digging work, or in a different process of another time or another place. It is possible to remove hair roots and the like.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used in a harvesting machine for rhizome crops such as garlic, onion, and lily roots, and in particular, harvesting garlic from a field while running on a traveling vehicle body.

Side view of a rhizome crop harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention Same top view Similarly rear view A plan view of the pulling conveyor that is also part of the harvester A plan view of the rhizome receiving part and hair root cutting part, which are also part of the harvester Side view of the hair root cutting part, which is also part of the harvester Explanatory drawing also seen from the back of the hair root cutting part, which is also a part of the harvester

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle body which can be traveled 1a Crawler device 2 Driver's seat 3 Operation device 4 Harvesting device 5 Worker's riding part (seat)
6 Pulling and Conveying Unit 7 Root Cutting Blade 7a Root Cutting Frame 8 Foliage Cutting Unit 8a Cutter 9 Underground Stem Receiving Unit 10 Hair Root Cutting Unit 10a Bulb Moving Body (Endless Chain Conveyor)
100 frames
101 Chain conveyor
102 bucket
103 Root plate
104 Auxiliary plate
105 Sprocket 10b Hair root cutting blade
106 follicle cutter
107 stem cutter
10c Hair root gripping part
108 Grip chain conveyor
109 Grip member
110 Grip sprocket
111 leaf spring
112 Hair root cutting part drive motor 11 Leaflet (endless chain conveyor)
12 Foliage chute 13 Foliage guide 14 Cutting part storage container 15 Receiving part storage container 16 Mounting plate 16a Folding part of mounting plate C Underground stem crop U Underground stem
R hair root
B valve
S stem L stem and leaf

Claims (5)

A self-propelled vehicle body, a cockpit, an operation device, a rhizome crop harvesting device, and a worker's riding section,
The harvesting device is a pulling conveyer unit that sandwiches and extracts the stems and leaves of the underground stem crop obliquely planted in the rear and planted in the field,
A root cutting blade that is provided near the starting end of the pulling conveyor and passes through the lower part of the rhizome crop in the soil and swells and softens the soil around the rhizome and cuts a part of the hair root,
A foliage cutting unit that is provided in the pulling conveyer unit and cuts and separates the underground stem crop that has been dug up by the pulling conveyer unit into a foliage part and an underground stem part of the underground stem crop in the middle of conveyance,
An underground stem receiving part that receives the underground stem part that has been separated and dropped below the cutting part of the foliage part,
While providing a bulb moving body capable of placing each rhizome part and a hair root cutting part having a hair root and a hair root cutting blade that cuts the stem from the rhizome part,
A rhizome crop harvesting machine characterized in that an operator's riding part is provided adjacent to a bulb moving body of a hair root cutting part.   The rhizome crop harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the rhizome receiving part is a rhizome receiving part including a moving conveyor.   The rhizome crop harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein the movement direction of the rhizome receiving part formed of a moving conveyor and the bulb moving body of the hair root cutting part is a horizontal direction and is provided in parallel to each other.   The rhizome crop according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a placing plate is provided on each of the downstream end portions of the bulb moving bodies of the rhizome receiving portion and the hair root cutting portion, each of which includes a moving conveyor, so that a storage container can be disposed. Harvesting machine.   The rhizome crop harvesting machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, or claim 4, wherein the hair root cutting part can be driven independently of driving of the pulling and conveying conveyor part.

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