JP2009019345A - Waste reducing method for waste disposal - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste reducing method for waste disposal, which enables the reduction and recycling of a waste material with adherent asbestos. <P>SOLUTION: In a construction area, a negative-pressure cleaning room 6, which is formed by being isolated to be kept in a negative-pressure state, is provided in a negative-pressure construction compartment 3 which is formed to be kept in a negative-pressure state by curing an asbestos construction surface 1b with a curing sheet 2. In the construction area, equipment and materials, equipment, and the waste material W such as a building material, which are covered with the asbestos, after the asbestos on the asbestos construction surface 1b is removed in the negative-pressure construction compartment 3, are moved into the negative-pressure cleaning room 6; a cleaning operation is performed to remove the asbestos from the waste material in the negative-pressure cleaning room 6; and a cleaned member is recovered. Thus, the waste material, to which the asbestos adheres, can be reduced, and the cost of disposal of industrial waste subject to special control can be reduced for a reduction in disposal cost. Additionally, since the waste material can be recovered as the cleaned member from which the asbestos is removed, it can be recycled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste reduction method in waste processing for reducing waste materials to which asbestos or the like is attached when the asbestos or the like is removed for waste treatment.

  When dismantling the building and removing the interior and exterior materials of the building, the construction area is covered with a shield such as a vinyl sheet to prevent the generated asbestos dust from scattering outside the construction area. There is known a construction section device that is cured and maintained at a negative pressure inside the construction section to prevent dust from being scattered outside the construction section (for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-279861

  Thus, after asbestos is removed from the building by the construction section device of Patent Document 1, waste materials such as equipment, equipment, and building materials covered with asbestos dust remain. Since this waste material has asbestos dust, it must be double packed using a special plastic bag. However, the shape of the waste material is various, and in order to double-pack all the waste material, there is a problem that considerable labor and cost such as cutting and disassembling the waste material into small parts are generated.

  In addition, the waste material has a complicated shape and there is a risk that the plastic bag is broken and asbestos is scattered to the outside. In addition, unlike the general waste, this waste material has a problem that the processing cost is 10 times or more that of the general waste because it is treated as a specially managed industrial waste.

  The subject of this invention is providing the waste reduction method in the waste processing which enabled reduction and recycling of the waste material to which asbestos adhered.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  The waste reduction method in the waste treatment of the present invention is such that the asbestos construction surface is cured by a curing sheet and is maintained in a negative pressure state in a negative pressure construction section formed so as to be maintained in a negative pressure state. In a construction area equipped with a negative pressure cleaning chamber formed in isolation in the negative pressure construction section, after removing asbestos on the asbestos construction surface in the negative pressure construction section, waste materials such as equipment, equipment and building materials covered with asbestos are negative pressure washed It is moved to the chamber and washed so as to remove asbestos from the waste material in the negative pressure washing chamber, and the cleaning member is collected.

  By comprising in this way, since the waste material to which asbestos adhered can be reduced, the processing cost of special management industrial waste can be reduced and the processing cost can be reduced. Moreover, since it can collect | recover as a cleaning member from which asbestos was removed, recycling of waste materials is attained.

  Further, the negative pressure cleaning chamber can be formed of a separator made of a plastic hollow structure plate material, whereby the separator has a hollow structure, so that it is light and easy to handle, and has high mechanical strength. The room can be maintained at a high negative pressure state, and dust can be prevented from scattering outside the negative pressure cleaning room.

  In addition, the sheet material can be adhered to the hollow structure plate material, so that the work for treating the sheet material as waste can be performed in the negative pressure construction section or the negative pressure cleaning chamber in the negative pressure state, thereby removing the sheet material. Even if the asbestos adhering to the sheet material during the work is scattered again, it is a scattering in the negative pressure state, so that secondary external scattering can be prevented. In addition, the sheet material can be adhered to both surfaces of the hollow structure plate material, and asbestos does not adhere to the hollow structure plate material, so that the sheet material can be reused.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a plane of a negative pressure construction section used in a waste reduction method in waste treatment according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, an interior material including asbestos is applied to a wall surface 1 a in a building 1 (ceiling is omitted). The asbestos construction surface 1b constructed by this interior material is covered with a curing sheet 2 made of plastic such as polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET resin), vinyl chloride, and cured to form the negative pressure construction section 3. When the curing sheet 2 is applied to the floor surface, a sheet having a thickness of 0.15 mm or more is used in a double layer (double). The thing of 08 mm or more is used by a single layer.

  The negative pressure construction section 3 is connected to a ventilation dust collector 4 having a built-in HEPA filter (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter). The ventilation dust collector 4 is disposed outside the negative pressure application section 3 and connected to the negative pressure application section 3 by a hose 4a. That is, the air in the negative pressure construction section 3 is sucked by the ventilation dust collector 4 and maintained in a negative pressure state with respect to the outside, and dust such as asbestos in the suction air is collected. In addition, the collection of fine particles in the HEPA filter applies the principles of “filtering (sieving effect)”, “inertia (collision)”, “interference (electrostatic adsorption)”, and “diffusion (Brownian motion)”. It is possible to collect 99.97% or more of 0.3 micron particles which are considered to be the most difficult to catch.

  Further, the negative pressure construction section 3 is provided with a security zone 5 for workers to enter and leave the section. This security zone 5 is provided in order to prevent asbestos dust from leaking from the negative pressure construction section 3 to the outside. The security zone 5 is composed of a changing room 5a, a cleaning room 5b, a front room 5c, and the like in the order from the outside toward the negative pressure construction section 3. These chambers are partitioned by a curtain-shaped partition sheet having a zipper type fastener (not shown).

  A negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is provided in the negative pressure construction section 3. The negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is disposed in the negative pressure construction section 3, and the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 and the negative pressure construction section 3 are isolated from each other. The negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is assembled by the partition plate 7. As shown in FIG. 2, this separator 7 is made of plastic cardboard (in this example, made of polypropylene resin and using a thickness of 3 mm) as a hollow structure plate 8 formed into a plate shape with a harmonica-like hollow structure. Yes. A sheet material 9 made of polyethylene terephthalate (a thickness of 0.15 mm is used in this example) is adhered to one or both sides of the plastic corrugated cardboard.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 3, in the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6, the worker is in the waste material W such as equipment, equipment, and building materials covered with asbestos dust generated by the asbestos removal work in the negative pressure construction section 3. The negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is assembled by using the partition plate 7 as a wall member or a ceiling member so as to ensure an area where the attached asbestos can be peeled and removed.

  At the time of this assembly, since the separator 7 has a plate shape as the hollow structural plate 8, the joining points (butting or overlapping) of the separators 7 can be easily joined using the adhesive tape 10. it can.

  The negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is connected to a ventilation dust collecting device 14 incorporating a HEPA filter. The ventilation dust collector 14 is disposed outside the negative pressure construction section 3 and connected to the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 by a hose 14a. That is, the air in the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is sucked by the ventilation dust collector 14 and maintained in a negative pressure state with respect to the outside, and dust such as asbestos in the suction air is collected. The negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is connected with an air supply dust collecting device 15 incorporating a HEPA filter. This air dust collection device 15 is disposed outside the negative pressure construction section 3 and connected to the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 by a hose 15a. That is, clean outside air from which dust, dust, and the like are removed is supplied into the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6, so that the inside of the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is cooperated with the ventilation dust collector 14 in a state in which the outside air is supplied. Since the negative pressure can be achieved, the air flow in the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is in a one-pass (one-way flow) state without causing a short-path (short-circuit).

  The negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 is provided with first and second entrances 6a and 6b. The first entrance / exit is provided with a front chamber 16 that leads to the negative pressure construction section 3 via the entrance / exit 2a. In addition, a rear chamber 16a that communicates with the outside of the negative pressure construction section 3 through the entrance 6b is provided in the second entrance 6b. These front chamber 16 and rear chamber 16a are provided in order to prevent asbestos dust from leaking from the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 to the outside or into the negative pressure construction section 3.

  The front chamber 16 and the rear chamber 16a are partitioned by a curtain-shaped partition sheet 16b provided so as to hang a plurality of strip-shaped members. Since this partition sheet 16b is made of a plastic such as polyethylene having a thickness of 5 mm, polyethylene terephthalate (PET resin), or vinyl chloride, turbulence is generated by allowing air to flow between the belt-shaped members constituting the partition sheet 16b. To prevent. The front chamber 16 and the rear chamber 16a are also formed by the separator 7 in the same manner as the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6.

  Next, a waste reduction method in waste processing will be described. In this waste reduction method, the asbestos construction surface 1b is cured by the curing sheet 2, and the negative pressure construction section 3 formed so as to be maintained in a negative pressure state has a negative pressure lower than that of the negative pressure construction section 3. This is carried out in a construction area having a negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 which is formed so as to be maintained in a pressure state.

  The atmospheric pressure in the negative pressure construction compartment 3 is about 10 Pa lower than the external atmospheric pressure. This enabled the ventilation dust collector 4 to be accomplished with 20 ventilation operations per hour. This negative pressure state is constantly measured and managed by a differential pressure gauge (not shown).

  Under the management in which the negative pressure state is maintained in this way, the worker enters the negative pressure construction section 3 through the security zone 5. The asbestos removal surface 1b in the negative pressure construction section 3 is removed. This removal operation is performed by first moistening asbestos A with a chemical solution and the like, and then performing various peeling means (not shown) such as a hand tool such as a spatula and a keren rod, and a water jet using high-pressure water. Asbestos dust in the negative pressure construction section 3 generated during this removal work is collected by the ventilation dust collector 4.

  After the asbestos removal work is completed, waste materials such as equipment and building materials covered with asbestos dust remain in the negative pressure construction section 3. The waste material W is moved to the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6, and dry ice particles are sprayed onto the waste material W in the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 to perform cleaning so as to remove adhering asbestos, thereby obtaining a cleaning member. Thereafter, the cleaning member is recovered outside through the rear chamber 16a.

  The blasting device 20 (see FIG. 3) for spraying the dry ice particles includes a dry ice popper 20a, a compressor 20b, a high-pressure hose 20c, and a nozzle 20d. The blasting device 20 can inject dry ice particles toward the waste material together with the compressed air. The sprayed dry ice grains can give an impact force necessary for removing asbestos. The blast device 20 can also be used for asbestos removal work in the negative pressure construction section 3.

  In addition, since part of asbestos dust adheres to the surface of the sheet material 9 (see FIG. 2) of the separator 7 during the asbestos removal operation, the sheet material 9 is disposed. As this disposal method, since the sheet material 9 is adhered to the hollow structure plate material 8, the sheet material 9 can be peeled off and accommodated in a double isolation waste bag (not shown) for disposal. In addition, this work can be performed without disassembling the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 itself because the hollow structure plate material 8 as the separator 7 that forms the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 remains. For this reason, since the sheet material 9 can be disposed in the negative pressure cleaning chamber 6 and the negative pressure construction section 3 in which the negative pressure state is maintained, secondary external scattering due to this work can be prevented. In addition, scattering of asbestos dust during disposal of the sheet material 9 can be prevented by applying a scattering prevention material to the surface of the sheet material 9.

The schematic diagram which shows the plane of the negative pressure construction division used with the waste reduction method in the waste processing which concerns on this invention. The partial perspective view which shows a separator. The schematic diagram which shows a negative pressure washing chamber.

Explanation of symbols

1b Asbestos construction surface 2 Curing sheet 3 Negative pressure construction section 6 Negative pressure cleaning room 7 Separation plate 8 Hollow structure plate material 9 Sheet material W Waste material

The waste reduction method in the waste treatment of the present invention is such that the asbestos construction surface is cured by a curing sheet and is maintained in a negative pressure state in a negative pressure construction section formed to be maintained in a negative pressure state. Asbestos on the asbestos construction surface in a negative pressure construction section, which is carried out in a construction area with a negative pressure cleaning chamber separated and formed by a separator made of a hollow structure plate material formed into a plate shape with a plastic hollow structure Waste materials such as equipment, equipment, and building materials covered with asbestos after removal are moved to the negative pressure cleaning room, and cleaned to remove asbestos from the waste material in the negative pressure cleaning room, and the cleaning material is collected. It is characterized by.

Further, the negative pressure cleaning chamber is a hollow structure of plastic harmonica like can be formed in a separator consisting of a hollow structure plate material is formed into a plate shape, whereby the separator is a plate-shaped hollow structure Therefore, it can be easily joined using adhesive tape, is light and easy to handle, has high mechanical strength, can maintain the negative pressure cleaning chamber at a high negative pressure state, and can prevent dust from scattering outside the negative pressure cleaning chamber. .

The waste reduction method in the waste treatment of the present invention is such that the asbestos construction surface is cured by a curing sheet and is maintained in a negative pressure state in a negative pressure construction section formed to be maintained in a negative pressure state. , the plastic sheet material to the surface of the hollow structure plate which is molded by the hollow structure in a plate shape so as to adhere to separator ungated, in construction areas with negative pressure wash chamber to isolate formed in this separator After the asbestos treatment is performed and the asbestos removal of asbestos on the asbestos construction surface is completed in the negative pressure construction section, the waste materials such as equipment, equipment and building materials covered with asbestos are moved to the negative pressure washing room, and the negative pressure washing room The cleaning member is recovered by washing so as to remove asbestos from the waste material.

In addition, the sheet material that adheres to the hollow structure plate material can be peeled off, so that the work of treating the sheet material as waste can be performed in a negative pressure washing chamber in a negative pressure state , thereby removing the sheet material. Even if the asbestos adhering to the sheet material is scattered again, it is scattered in the negative pressure state, so that secondary external scattering can be prevented. In addition, the sheet material can be adhered to both surfaces of the hollow structure plate material, and asbestos does not adhere to the hollow structure plate material, and thus can be reused. Moreover, the said sheet | seat material can adhere | attach on the single side | surface of the said negative pressure washing room | chamber interior in the said hollow structure board | plate material.

Claims (4)

Construction with a negative pressure cleaning chamber that is formed so as to be maintained in a negative pressure state in a negative pressure construction section formed so that the asbestos construction surface is cured with a curing sheet and maintained in a negative pressure state. In the area,
After removing asbestos on the asbestos construction surface in the negative pressure construction section, moving waste materials such as equipment, equipment, and building materials covered with the asbestos to the negative pressure cleaning chamber,
A waste reduction method in waste processing, wherein a cleaning member cleaned to remove the asbestos from the waste material in the negative pressure cleaning chamber is recovered outside.   2. The method of reducing waste in waste processing according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure cleaning chamber is formed of a separator made of a hollow structure plate made of plastic.   The waste reduction method in the waste treatment according to claim 2, wherein a sheet material is adhered to the hollow structure plate material.   4. The waste reduction method in the waste treatment according to claim 3, wherein the sheet material adheres to both surfaces of the hollow structure plate material.

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