JP2013194429A - Dust diffusion suppression method and dust diffusion suppression device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dust diffusion preventive method and a dust diffusion preventive device capable of effectively suppressing diffusion of dust generated in a dust generation area and also reducing a power required for suppressing the dust diffusion.SOLUTION: The air pressure in a demolition object room R is made negative with respect to that of the outdoor thereof by a first negative pressure dust collector. The inside of the demolition object room R is partitioned by a second negative pressure space forming device 2 and a vinyl sheet 3 to locally form a sealed space and suppress the effect of draft generated in a building. The air pressure in the sealed space S is made negative with respect to that in the demolition object room R by a second negative pressure dust collector 20 to form a local negative pressure space. Asbestos removal work is performed in the local negative pressure space.

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust diffusion suppression method and a diffusion suppression device that suppress the diffusion of dust generated in a dust generation region.

  In recent years, hazardous waste, such as asbestos, used for building materials in buildings has been removed. When removing asbestos in such a building, it is required to perform work so that floating hazardous waste such as asbestos dust (asbestos dust) generated by the removal of asbestos does not leak to the outside. For this reason, when the asbestos removal work is performed, the work area such as the room is in a negative pressure state to prevent the outflow of air to the outside, thereby preventing the diffusion of asbestos dust and the like.

  As a technique for renovating or demolishing a building that involves removal of asbestos, there is conventionally a building renovation / dismantling apparatus that arranges an outer body outside a building from which a curtain wall has been removed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this building refurbishment / dismantling apparatus, an inner body having an opening is disposed inside the outer body, and between the opening in the inner body and the outer periphery of the building from which the curtain wall is removed. The gap is closed with a sheet-like member, and the internal air of the inner body is sucked with a negative pressure dust remover. The inside of the inner body is set to a negative pressure by the negative pressure dust removal device, and the curtain wall is repaired while preventing the diffusion of asbestos dust around the curtain wall to be removed along with the repair of the curtain wall. .

  Moreover, there is a negative pressure construction section in which a negative pressure asbestos cleaning chamber is provided in the room (see, for example, Patent Document 2). The negative pressure construction section is in a negative pressure state with respect to the outside by the ventilation dust collector. The negative pressure construction section is equipped with a negative pressure cleaning chamber assembled with partition plates. The negative pressure cleaning chamber is used to remove asbestos and move waste materials such as equipment and building materials covered with asbestos dust. It is done. In the asbestos cleaning chamber, these waste materials are washed and collected as cleaning members. When cleaning the waste material, the asbestos cleaning chamber is maintained in a negative pressure state, thereby preventing secondary asbestos scattering from outside.

  Furthermore, there exists a work unit used for the removal work of asbestos as what removes asbestos in a room (for example, refer to patent documents 3). This work unit includes a work gantry having a work zone that is isolated from the surroundings by a partition member, and a security gantry adjacent to the work gantry. Further, the work zone is decompressed by the decompression means, and asbestos is prevented from diffusing from the work zone to the outside.

JP 2010-203054 A JP 2009-19345 A JP 2008-308914 A

  In the dust generation area where dust is generated, such as the inner body in Patent Document 1 and the work zone in Patent Document 3, it is important to prevent the diffusion of dust from the dust generation area. However, the techniques disclosed in each of the above patent documents have a problem that it is difficult to say that the diffusion of dust is sufficiently suppressed because the dust generation region is only set to a negative pressure. In particular, when a disturbance such as a draft occurs in the dust generation region, there is a problem that the effect of suppressing the diffusion of dust is particularly low.

  Furthermore, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, the negative pressure construction section and the negative pressure cleaning chamber are set to negative pressure by a ventilation dust collector. However, since the negative pressure construction section and the negative pressure cleaning chamber are independently set to negative pressure by the respective ventilation dust collectors, there is a problem that much power is required to form the negative pressure space.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to effectively prevent the diffusion of dust generated in the dust generation region and to reduce the power required for suppressing the diffusion of dust and to prevent the diffusion of dust and the prevention of diffusion. To provide an apparatus.

  In the dust diffusion suppressing method according to the present invention that has solved the above-mentioned problems, the dust generation area is divided into a room by partitioning the room with a partition member in order to suppress the diffusion of the dust generated from the dust generation area in the room of the building. In contrast, the air in the room is exhausted to the outside, the air pressure in the room is set to a negative pressure rather than the air pressure outside the room, and the room is formed as a negative pressure space. Then, the atmospheric pressure in the dust generation region is set to a negative pressure rather than the atmospheric pressure, the dust generation region is formed as a local negative pressure space, and diffusion of the dust generated in the dust generation region is suppressed.

  In the dust diffusion suppressing method according to the present invention, the dust generation region is locally formed with respect to the room by partitioning the room with a partition member. Also, the atmospheric pressure in the room is set to a negative pressure rather than the atmospheric pressure outside, the room is formed as a negative pressure space, the atmospheric pressure in the dust generation area is set to a negative pressure rather than the atmospheric pressure, and the inside of the dust generation area is set as a local negative pressure space. Forming. Here, since the negative pressure space and the local negative pressure space are formed in stages, the diffusion of dust from the local negative pressure space can be suppressed in the negative pressure space. Moreover, even when a disturbance occurs in the room, the influence of the room disturbance can be prevented from reaching the dust generation region. Therefore, the diffusion of dust from the dust generation area can be effectively suppressed. The “dust generation area” in the present invention is an area where a large amount of dust is expected to be generated, such as an area where asbestos removal work is performed, as well as an area where generation of dust due to normal cleaning work is assumed. This refers to an area where dust is expected to be generated due to work other than cleaning, such as movement of objects and movement of living things.

  Further, the indoor air is exhausted to the outside, the indoor air pressure is set to a negative pressure than the outdoor air pressure, the room is formed as a negative pressure space, and the air in the dust generating area is exhausted into the room to generate the dust generating area. The atmospheric pressure is set to be more negative than the atmospheric pressure, and the dust generation region is formed as a local negative pressure space. For this reason, since the negative pressure space is formed in series, the power for sucking the air in the room and the dust generation region can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the diffusion of the dust generated in the dust generation region and reduce the power required for suppressing the diffusion of the dust.

  Here, the room can be an area where a draft generated in the building flows in and out.

  Thus, in the area where the draft flows in and out, there is a concern that the diffusion of dust is promoted by the influence of the draft. In this regard, in the present invention, a dust generation region is formed in the room, and diffusion of the dust from the dust generation region to the room is suppressed. For this reason, since the influence of the draft in a room can be prevented from reaching the dust generation region, it is possible to more suitably suppress the diffusion of dust.

  In addition, the dust generation area is located in a room above the partition plate arranged in the middle of the height direction in the room or in a room below the partition plate arranged in the middle of the height direction in the room. It can be formed in a low place.

  In this case, the dust generation region is formed without covering the entire area in the height direction of the room. Therefore, even when a draft flows into the room, the diffusion of dust can be more effectively suppressed.

  Further, a partition member is provided above the partition plate to form a dust generation region at a high place in the room, or a partition member is provided below the partition plate to form a dust generation region at a low place in the room. be able to.

  Thus, by providing the partition member to form the dust generation region, the dust generation region can be easily formed.

  Further, the dust generation area can be formed in a part of the room as viewed in plan.

  Thus, the dust generation area is formed in a part of the room as viewed in plan, so that the influence of the draft can be more effectively suppressed.

  Furthermore, the partition plate is attached to a cart provided with casters capable of traveling in the room, and the dust generation region can be formed after the cart is moved indoors.

  Thus, by attaching the partition plate to the cart provided with the caster capable of traveling in the room, the dust generation region can be easily moved in the room.

  Moreover, a partition member can be made into a flexible sheet | seat.

  Thus, a partition member can be easily formed because a partition member is a flexible sheet | seat.

  Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure in the room and the atmospheric pressure in the dust generation area can be adjusted to the atmospheric pressure that maintains the state where the dust generation area is partitioned from the room by the flexible sheet.

  When the partition member is a flexible sheet, there is a concern that the partition member is rolled up. In this regard, the atmospheric pressure in the room and the pressure in the dust generation area are adjusted to the pressure that maintains the state where the dust generation area is partitioned from the room by the flexible sheet. The atmospheric pressure that does not occur can be maintained.

  On the other hand, the dust diffusion suppressing device according to the present invention that has solved the above problems is a dust diffusion suppressing device that suppresses the diffusion of dust generated from a dust generating region in a room of a building. A partition member that locally forms a partition and a dust generation area, and a first negative pressure that exhausts indoor air to the outside of the room and makes the indoor air pressure a negative pressure rather than the outdoor air pressure and forms the room as a negative pressure space A space forming device and a second negative pressure space formation in which the air in the dust generation area is exhausted from the room, and the atmospheric pressure in the dust generation area is set to be a negative pressure than the atmospheric pressure, and the dust generation area is formed as a local negative pressure space. And a device for suppressing diffusion of dust generated in the dust generation region.

  According to the dust diffusion suppressing method and the diffusion suppressing device according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively suppress the diffusion of dust generated in the dust generation region and to reduce the power required for suppressing the diffusion of dust. it can.

It is a top view which shows the outline | summary of the room | chamber interior which forms negative pressure space. It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the principal part in the room | chamber interior which forms negative pressure space. It is a perspective view of a trolley. (A) is a top view which shows the area | region which removes the asbestos of the area | region which is not influenced by the draft in a room | chamber interior, (b) is a side view of the area | region. (A) is a side view which shows the operation state which removes the indoor upper asbestos of the area | region affected by a draft, (b) is a side view which shows the operation state in the lower side. (A) is a schematic perspective view explaining the flow of the draft when the upper sealed space is formed, and (b) is a schematic perspective view explaining the flow of the draft when the lower sealed space is formed. It is a schematic diagram of an atmospheric pressure adjusting device. It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the principal part of the other example of the room | chamber interior which forms negative pressure space.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, portions having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an outline of a room forming a negative pressure space according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing an outline of a main part thereof. As shown in FIG. 1, the negative pressure space according to the present embodiment is formed in a dismantling target room R to be repaired or dismantled on one floor of a high-rise building B that is a building. In the demolition target room R, work such as refurbishment or dismantling is performed, and asbestos (asbestos), which is a hazardous waste constructed on the wall surface, is removed. In the present embodiment, a dust diffusion suppressing method and a diffusion suppressing device for suppressing diffusion of asbestos dust generated in asbestos removal work will be described.

  A plurality of first negative pressure dust removing devices 1 which are first negative pressure space forming devices of the present invention are provided in the dismantling target chamber R. The first negative pressure dust removing device 1 includes an air inlet and a suction device. A filter is interposed between the intake port and the suction device. Furthermore, the suction device communicates with the outside of the dismantling target chamber R through a pipe. The air in the dismantling target chamber R sucked by the first negative pressure dust removing device 1 is discharged to the outside of the dismantling target chamber R through the piping.

  Further, in the dismantling target room R, asbestos dust generated by asbestos removal work may be floating. In this case, when the air in the dismantling target chamber R is sucked by the first negative pressure dust removing device 1, the asbestos dust is sucked together with the air. The asbestos dust sucked here is captured by the filter in the first negative pressure dust removing device 1. For this reason, the air from which the asbestos dust has been removed is discharged from the first negative pressure dust removing device 1 to the outside of the dismantling target chamber R.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a second negative pressure space forming device 2 is provided in the dismantling target chamber R. A vinyl sheet 3 as a partition member is disposed in the dismantling target room R, and the vinyl sheet 3 is a flexible sheet having flexibility, and a part of the dismantling target room R is partitioned by the vinyl sheet 3. Thus, a sealed space S is formed. Further, when the second negative pressure space forming device 2 creates a negative pressure in the sealed space S, a local negative pressure space that is a dust generation region is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the second negative pressure space forming device 2 includes a moving carriage 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the movable carriage 10 includes a plurality of frames 11, and casters 12 that can travel in the dismantling target chamber R are attached to the lower ends of the frames 11. In addition, a lower scaffolding plate 13 is attached to a lower position in the plurality of frames 11, and an upper scaffolding plate 14 serving as a partition plate is attached to an upper position. For this reason, the upper scaffold board 14 is arrange | positioned in the middle position of the height direction of the dismantling object room R. FIG. Further, a seat attachment member 15 is attached above the frame 11 as shown in FIG. The seat attachment member 15 is removable from the frame 11.

  The sheet attachment member 15 attaches the vinyl sheet 3 to the movable carriage 10 and the ceiling panel C. The vinyl sheet 3 is attached to the upper position and the upper frame 11 of the sheet attachment member 15 or the lower position and the lower frame 11 of the sheet attachment member 15. Here, when the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to the upper position of the sheet attachment member 15 and the upper frame 11, the upper end portion of the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to the ceiling panel C of the dismantling target room R, and the lower end portion is a movable carriage. 10 is attached to the upper scaffolding plate 14.

  Thus, the sealed space S is formed by the vinyl sheet 3, the upper scaffolding plate 14, and the ceiling of the dismantling target room R. By using a vinyl sheet that is a flexible sheet as the partition member, the sealed space S can be easily formed. By making this sealed space S a negative pressure rather than the atmospheric pressure in the dismantling target chamber R, the sealed space S is formed as a local negative pressure space. In addition, after removing the ceiling panel C, the vinyl sheet 3 is attached between the mobile trolley 10 and the lower surface of the slab X, and the sealed space S is formed.

  When the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to the lower position of the sheet attachment member 15 and the lower frame 11, the upper end portion of the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to the upper scaffolding plate 14 in the movable carriage 10, and the lower end portion is attached to the movable carriage 10. Is attached to the lower scaffold plate 13. When the movable carriage 10 is installed near the wall, a skirt portion is provided at the wall-side lower end of the vinyl sheet 3 in order to form a sealed space S in a region including a draft distribution space described later. Thus, a local negative pressure space is formed by the vinyl sheet 3, the lower scaffold plate 13, and the upper scaffold plate 14.

  When the asbestos removal operation is performed at a high place in the dismantling target room R, the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to a position above the sheet attachment member 15, and a sealed space S is formed above the upper scaffolding plate 14. Further, when the asbestos removal operation is performed at a low position in the dismantling target chamber R, the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to a position below the sheet attachment member 15, and a sealed space S is formed below the upper scaffold plate 14. The

  As shown in FIG. 2, the moving carriage 10 is provided with a staircase 17 for the worker to move on the upper scaffolding plate 14. When removing asbestos used for members disposed above the dismantling target chamber R such as the ceiling panel C and the beam H, the dust chute 18 is used as the upper scaffold as shown in FIG. A polyduct 19 is provided on the plate 14 and below the dust chute 18. Thus, the asbestos removed from the member disposed above the dismantling target chamber R can be moved to the lower polyduct 19 via the dust chute 18 as it is. The dust chute 18 is provided with a removal lid 18A. When the dust chute 18 is not used, the upper surface opening of the dust chute 18 is sealed with the removal lid 18A.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the second negative pressure space forming device 2 includes a second negative pressure dust removing device 20. The second negative pressure dust removing device 20 includes a suction port 21. The second negative pressure dust removing device 20 includes a suction device 22, and the suction port 21 and the suction device 22 are connected via an air hose 23. By operating the suction device 22, air is sucked from the suction port 21.

  When air is sucked by the second negative pressure space forming device 2 in the sealed space S formed by being partitioned by the vinyl sheet 3 or the like, the atmospheric pressure in the sealed space S is reduced to form a local negative pressure space. In the sealed space S thus formed, the asbestos removal work on the ceiling panel C and the wall surface is performed. Therefore, this local negative pressure space becomes a local work area.

  Further, the suction device 22 is provided with a filter 24. Further, the suction device 22 is formed with an exhaust port 25 for discharging the sucked air to the outside. The air sucked from the suction device 22 passes through the filter 24 and is discharged from the exhaust port 25 toward the dismantling target chamber R. When removing asbestos in the local negative pressure space, asbestos dust may float in the local negative pressure space as the asbestos is removed. When asbestos dust or the like is mixed in the air sucked from the suction port 21, the asbestos dust is captured by the filter 24 and removed from the air. Therefore, almost no asbestos dust leaks into the dismantling target room R.

  The suction port 21 in the second negative pressure dust removing device 20 is disposed in a sealed space S formed above or below the upper scaffold plate 14 in the movable carriage 10. At this time, by operating the suction device 22, the sealed space S in which the suction port 21 is arranged is formed as a second negative pressure space that is a negative pressure than the atmospheric pressure in the dismantling target chamber R.

  Further, the second negative pressure space forming device 2 includes a mist injection device 30, and the mist injection device 30 includes a mist generator 31 and a mist nozzle 32. The mist generator 31 supplies a mist solution to the mist nozzle 32. The mist nozzle 32 is disposed in a sealed space S formed above or below the upper scaffolding plate 14 in the mobile carriage 10, and mist is injected into the sealed space S.

  Next, a procedure for removing asbestos according to the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, when performing asbestos removal work for removing asbestos provided in a member disposed above in the dismantling target chamber R, first, as shown in FIG. Asbestos removal work is performed on the ceiling panel C portion not adjacent to the wall surface in the room R.

  At this time, the first negative pressure dust removing device 1 forms the inside of the dismantling target room R as a negative pressure space with a negative pressure relative to the outside. Moreover, as shown in FIG.4 (b), the work in a high place is performed using the mobile trolley | bogie 10 in the 2nd negative pressure space formation apparatus 2. FIG. At this time, the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to an upper position of the sheet attachment member 15, and a sealed space is formed by the vinyl sheet 3, the ceiling panel C of the dismantling target room R, and the upper scaffolding plate 14, and the second negative pressure dust removing device 20. The suction port 21 is arranged in a sealed space, and air in the sealed space is sucked to form a local negative pressure space. The asbestos removal work is performed in this local negative pressure space.

  When performing the asbestos removal work on the ceiling panel C here, a draft may flow into the dismantling target room R. At this time, even if the draft flows into the dismantling target chamber R, the first negative pressure dust removing device 1 is used to make the dismantling target chamber R a negative pressure space that is negative with respect to the outside. The air in the dismantling target chamber R sucked by the first negative pressure dust removing device 1 passes through the filter and is discharged out of the dismantling target chamber R. Further, the local negative pressure space in which the asbestos removal operation is performed is set to a negative pressure by the second negative pressure dust removing device 20 rather than the atmospheric pressure in the dismantling target chamber R. For this reason, the spreading | diffusion of asbestos dust accompanying the leakage of the air from the demolition object room R and the leakage of air can fully be prevented.

  When the asbestos removal operation is completed at the ceiling panel C that is not adjacent to the wall surface in the dismantling target room R, the movable carriage 10 is moved toward the dismantling target room R as shown in FIG. When the movable carriage 10 is moved, a caster 12 attached to the lower end of the frame 11 is used. By using the casters 12 when moving the movable carriage 10, the movable carriage 10 can be easily moved. Subsequently, the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to the upper position of the sheet attachment member 15 at the wall of the dismantling target room R. At this time, in addition to the vinyl sheet 3, the ceiling panel C or slab X of the dismantling target room R, and the upper scaffolding plate 14, the upper sealed space US is formed by the wall of the dismantling target room R. The upper sealed space US is formed by partitioning the draft circulation space DR in which the draft D in the dismantling target chamber R flows.

  Then, the suction port 21 in the second negative pressure dust removing device 20 is disposed in the upper sealed space US. Thereafter, by operating the suction device 22 in the second negative pressure dust removing device 20, the air in the upper sealed space US is sucked, and the upper sealed space US is locally lower than the atmospheric pressure in the negative pressure space in the dismantling target chamber R. It is formed as a negative pressure space. At this time, mist is ejected from the mist nozzle 32 shown in FIG. 2 into the upper sealed space US to prevent generation of asbestos dust due to asbestos removal. Thus, in the upper sealed space US, asbestos removal work such as removal of the sprayed asbestos FA blown to the beam and the asbestos perlite plate PA is performed.

  There is an inflow / outflow of the draft D into the dismantling target room R, and the influence of the inflow / outflow of the draft D is also a concern during the asbestos removal work. Here, the inside of the dismantling target chamber R is set to a negative pressure by the first negative pressure dust removing device 1 rather than the outside. Further, the air sucked by the first negative pressure dust removing device 1 is discharged to the outside through a filter provided in the first negative pressure dust remover 1. For this reason, the draft D is prevented from being discharged outside the dismantling target chamber R without passing through a filter. Note that air OA from the upper floor flows into the upper sealed space US.

  By the way, in the 1st negative pressure dust removal apparatus 1, the negative pressure space is formed in the wide range in the dismantling object room R. For this reason, when the strong draft D flows into the dismantling target room R, there is a concern that asbestos dust may diffuse during the asbestos removal operation due to the influence. Moreover, asbestos removal work takes time, for example, when it crosses a day, work is forced to be interrupted. If the first negative pressure dust removal device 1 is stopped while the work is interrupted, the possibility of the diffusion of asbestos dust due to the inflow of the draft D in the dismantling target chamber R will be further increased. It is required that the asbestos removal operation in R be performed without interruption as much as possible.

  In this respect, in the present embodiment, the upper sealed space US partitioned by the vinyl sheet 3 or the like is formed as a local negative pressure space having a lower atmospheric pressure than the negative pressure space in the dismantling target room R, and this local negative pressure space. The asbestos removal work is done in the house. For this reason, since the diffusion of asbestos dust from the upper sealed space US can be prevented, the diffusion of asbestos dust by the draft D discharged from the dismantling target chamber R can be prevented.

  Further, the upper sealed space US is formed at a high place in the room by the upper scaffolding plate 14 in the movable carriage 10. For this reason, the draft D passes under the upper scaffolding plate 14 in the movable carriage 10 and flows into the dismantling target room R. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the draft F from flowing into the upper sealed space US. As a result, diffusion of asbestos dust can be further prevented. In addition, a part of the draft D flows directly into the upper sealed space US from above.

  Further, by forming the upper sealed space US, the draft D passes below the upper scaffolding plate 14 in the movable carriage 10 and the wind force is reduced. For this reason, even if the asbestos removal operation is interrupted, diffusion of asbestos dust can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to plan work processes with sufficient time.

  Moreover, the upper sealed space US is formed by partitioning the draft distribution space DR. By partitioning the draft distribution space DR, the rising draft D is cut off, so that the strength of the draft D can be reduced. Further, the draft D is prevented from flowing directly into the upper sealed space US. For this reason, the influence in the upper sealed space US can be suppressed. Furthermore, the flow rate of the air by the draft D can also be suppressed by partitioning the draft distribution space DR.

  After the asbestos removal operation in the upper sealed space US is completed, the vinyl sheet 3 is attached to the lower position of the sheet attachment member 15 as shown in FIG. At this time, in the region including the draft distribution space DR, the skirt portion of the vinyl sheet 3 is extended to the height position of the slab X. Thus, the lower sealed space LS is formed by the vinyl sheet 3, the slab X of the dismantling target chamber R, the upper scaffolding plate 14, and the wall of the dismantling target chamber R. The lower sealed space LS is formed by partitioning the draft distribution space DR in which the draft D in the dismantling target room R flows.

  When the lower sealed space LS is formed, the suction port 21 in the second negative pressure dust removing device 20 is disposed in the lower sealed space LS in the lower sealed space LS, similarly to the case where the upper sealed space US is formed as a local negative pressure space. Then, by operating the suction device 22 in the second negative pressure dust removal device 20, the air in the lower sealed space LS is sucked, and the lower sealed space LS is locally lower than the atmospheric pressure of the negative pressure space in the dismantling target chamber R. It is formed as a negative pressure space. Further, the mist nozzle 32 is disposed in the lower sealed space LS, and asbestos removal work such as removal of the sprayed asbestos FA and the lower asbestos pearlite plate PA is performed while spraying the mist. Note that air OA from the upper floor flows into the dismantling target room R.

  Here, when the lower sealed space LS is a local negative pressure space, the lower sealed space LS partitioned by the vinyl sheet 3 or the like is disposed in the dismantling target room R as in the case where the upper sealed space US is a local negative pressure space. It is formed as a local negative pressure space whose atmospheric pressure is lower than that of the negative pressure space, and asbestos removal work is performed in this local negative pressure space. For this reason, since diffusion of asbestos dust from the lower sealed space LS can be prevented, diffusion of asbestos dust by the draft D discharged from the dismantling target chamber R can be prevented.

  Furthermore, since the negative pressure space is formed in the dismantling target chamber R, the draft D flowing into the lower sealed space LS is slightly pulled by the negative pressure in the dismantling target chamber R, so the strength of the draft Can be weakened. As a result, diffusion of asbestos dust can be further prevented.

  In addition, the lower sealed space LS is formed by partitioning the draft distribution space DR. For this reason, since the rising draft D is cut off, the strength of the draft D can be reduced. Furthermore, the flow rate of air by the draft D can be suppressed by partitioning the draft circulation space DR. Asbestos dust in the lower sealed space LS can be sufficiently sucked by the suction force of the second negative pressure dust removing device 20 and captured by the filter 24. Therefore, diffusion of asbestos dust due to the draft D discharged from the dismantling target chamber R can be prevented.

  Furthermore, when forming the upper sealed space US or the lower sealed space LS, the upper sealed space US or the lower sealed space LS is formed in a part of the dismantling target chamber R in plan view. For this reason, after flowing into the dismantling target chamber R, a route is formed in which the draft D flowing out of the dismantling target chamber R goes around the upper sealed space US or the lower sealed space LS.

  The flow of the draft flowing into the room from the draft circulation space DS when the upper sealed space US is formed will be described with reference to the schematic diagram shown in FIG. Further, the flow of the draft flowing into the room from the draft circulation space DS when the lower sealed space LS is formed will be described with reference to the schematic diagram shown in FIG.

  When the upper sealed space US is formed, as shown in FIG. 6A, the first draft D1 and the second draft D2 that rise in the draft circulation space DS and flow into the side vicinity of the upper sealed space US are After reaching the lower surface of the upper sealed space US, it deviates to the side. The first draft D1 and the second draft D2 deviated to the side are pulled by the negative pressure in the dismantling target chamber R, and a route for flowing into the dismantling work chamber R is formed.

  Further, in the draft distribution space DS, the third draft D3 and the fourth draft D4 that have flowed in from the indoor side slightly from the first draft D1 and the second draft D2 reach the lower surface of the upper sealed space US, and then are to be dismantled. It is pulled by the negative pressure in the chamber R and moves in the room direction. And the route guided into the dismantling target room R as it is without flowing into the upper sealed space US is formed. Thus, since the inflow of the drafts D1 to D4 into the upper sealed space US can be prevented, the influence of the drafts D1 to D4 on the upper sealed space US can be reduced.

  On the other hand, when the lower sealed space LS is formed, as shown in FIG. 6B, the fifth draft D5 and the sixth draft D6 that rise in the draft circulation space DS and flow in from the lower sealed space LS side are A route is formed along the side surface of the lower sealed space LS, moving upward while being pulled slightly indoors, and flowing into the dismantling work chamber R.

  Further, in the draft distribution space DS, the seventh draft D7 and the eighth draft D8 that have flowed in from the inside of the fifth draft D5 and the sixth draft D6 are from the inlet formed in the lower surface of the lower sealed space LS to the lower sealed space. A route that flows into the LS is formed. Further, the virtual first draft D11 and the virtual second draft 12 that flow into the dismantling work chamber R from a position slightly outside the lower sealed space LS will be considered. When the inside of the dismantling work chamber R is not set to a negative pressure, the negative pressure in the lower sealed space LS acts on the virtual drafts D11 and D12, and the virtual drafts D11 and 12 flowing from the outer position of the lower sealed space LS It will flow into the sealed space LS. In this regard, the amount of inflow of the draft that has flowed into the dismantling work chamber R from the outside of the lower sealed space LS into the lower sealed space LS is reduced by the negative pressure inside the dismantling work chamber R being outside. Can do.

  As a result, the virtual drafts D11 and D12 are prevented from flowing into the lower sealed space LS, and the draft wind force when flowing into the lower sealed space LS is weakened. Further, when the wind force flowing into the lower sealed space US is prevented, the draft D that has escaped from the lower sealed space LS flows out of the dismantling target chamber R as it is. For this reason, the influence of the draft D in the dismantling target room R can be reduced.

  Thereafter, while moving the movable carriage 10 along the wall surface of the dismantling target room R, the same procedure is repeated to make the upper sealed space US a local negative pressure space, and to remove the asbestos in the upper sealed space US and the lower sealed space LS. The asbestos in the lower sealed space LS is removed using as a local negative pressure space. Then, when the asbestos removal work on the wall surface in the entire dismantling target room R is completed, the work is finished.

  Thus, in the asbestos removal method according to the present embodiment, when forming the dismantling target chamber R and the local negative pressure space, the first negative pressure dust removing device that sucks the air in the dismantling target chamber R and discharges it to the outside. 1 and the 2nd negative pressure dust removal apparatus 20 which attracts | sucks the air of a local negative pressure space and discharges to the dismantling object chamber R is used. For this reason, the negative pressure dust removers 1 and 20 are arranged in series between the dismantling target room R and the local negative pressure space. For this reason, in the local negative pressure space, it is sufficient to form a state where the negative pressure is relatively relative to the dismantling target room R, and the power of the second negative pressure dust removing device 20 for forming the local negative pressure space is reduced. can do. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the diffusion of the dust generated in the local negative pressure space and reduce the power required for suppressing the diffusion of the dust.

  Further, when performing asbestos removal work on the wall surface of the dismantling target chamber R, the atmospheric pressure of the dismantling target chamber R is formed as a negative pressure space that is a negative pressure outside the outdoor. Furthermore, the sealed space partitioned by the vinyl sheet 3 or the like is formed as a local negative pressure space that is a negative pressure rather than the atmospheric pressure in the dismantling target room R, and the asbestos removal work is performed with this local negative pressure. It is conceivable that the draft D flows into the dismantling target room R from the draft circulation space DR.

  Here, when the local negative pressure space is not formed, there is a concern that asbestos dust generated when asbestos is removed rides on the draft D and diffuses outside through the draft circulation space DR. In this respect, in this embodiment, even if the draft D flows into the dismantling target chamber R due to the formation of the local negative pressure space, for example, the negative pressure state in the dismantling target chamber R collapses. The atmospheric pressure in the local negative pressure space can be maintained in a negative pressure state. Since asbestos is removed in the local negative pressure space in this negative pressure state, it is possible to effectively prevent the diffusion of asbestos.

  In particular, the local negative pressure space may collapse due to, for example, the vinyl sheet 3 being detached. Even in this case, since the local negative pressure space is formed in the negative pressure space, the asbestos dust in the local negative pressure space can be kept in the dismantling target chamber R that is the negative pressure space. Therefore, the diffusion of asbestos dust can be effectively prevented.

  Further, when forming the local negative pressure space, the local negative pressure space is formed at a high place in the dismantling target room R above the upper scaffold plate 14 in the mobile carriage 10 or a low place in the lower room. In this case, the local negative pressure space is formed without extending over the entire region in the height direction in the dismantling target chamber R. Therefore, even when the draft D flows into the dismantling target room R, it is possible to more effectively prevent asbestos from spreading. Moreover, since the local negative pressure space in the high place or the low place in the dismantling target room R is formed using the upper scaffold plate 14, the local negative pressure space can be easily formed. Thus, in the present embodiment, it is possible to effectively suppress the diffusion of dust generated in the local negative pressure space and reduce the power required for suppressing the diffusion of dust.

  Furthermore, since the local negative pressure space is formed of the flexible vinyl sheet 3, for example, if the difference between the atmospheric pressure in the dismantling target room R and the atmospheric pressure in the local negative pressure space becomes too large, the vinyl sheet 3 is There is a concern that it will go up. In this regard, in the present embodiment, the atmospheric pressure in the dismantling target chamber R is adjusted by the first negative pressure dust removal device 1, and the atmospheric pressure in the local negative pressure space is adjusted by the second negative pressure dust removal device 20. For this reason, the atmospheric pressure in the dismantling target room R and the local negative pressure space can be maintained at such an extent that the roll-up of the vinyl sheet 3 does not occur.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the pressure adjusting device 40 shown in FIG. 7 can be provided on the vinyl sheet 3 in the above embodiment. The atmospheric pressure adjusting device 40 includes an opening / closing lid 41, and a base end portion of the opening / closing lid 41 is connected to a fixing member 42 attached to the vinyl sheet 3 by a hinge 43. By closing the open / close lid 41, the sealed state in the local negative pressure space is maintained. A weight member 44 is attached to the inner front end portion of the opening / closing lid 41.

  In the atmospheric pressure adjusting device 40, if the atmospheric pressure in the local negative pressure space becomes too low, the pressure outside the local negative pressure space overcomes the pressure due to the weight of the weight member 44 and pushes the open / close lid 41 open. When the open / close lid 41 is opened, the pressure in the local negative pressure space rises and approaches the outside pressure. Then. The pressure due to the weight of the weight member 44 is greater than the pressure outside the local negative pressure space, and the open / close lid 41 is closed. In this way, the atmospheric pressure in the local negative pressure space can be prevented from becoming too low. Therefore, the vinyl sheet 3 can be prevented from collapsing due to the air pressure in the local negative pressure space becoming too low.

  In the above embodiment, when forming the local negative pressure space, the upper sealed space US or the lower sealed space LS is formed. On the other hand, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the entire region in the height direction between the upper slab X and the lower slab Z is covered with a vinyl sheet 3 so as to be dismantled. It is also possible to form a local negative pressure space over almost the entire height of the chamber R. In addition, a plurality of local negative pressure spaces can be formed in the dismantling target chamber R.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the flexible vinyl sheet 3 is used as a partition member, another partition member can also be used. For example, a plate-like panel or the like can be used, and a box-like member or the like can also be used. Moreover, the partition member does not need to be provided on the carriage, and may be configured to be constructed each time the work area moves.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the negative pressure space which consists of the chamber R to be demolished, and the local negative pressure space which consists of the sealed space S, the so-called two-stage negative pressure region is formed. You may further partition by an outer side partition member. At this time, a third negative pressure dust removal device can be further provided, and the exhaust port of the third dust removal device and the suction port of the second dust removal device can be installed outside the local negative pressure space and inside the partition member. At the same time, the exhaust port of the second negative pressure dust remover and the intake port of the first negative pressure dust remover are installed in the dismantling target chamber R outside the partition member, and the exhaust port of the first negative pressure dust remover. Can be installed outside the room R to be dismantled. In this way, a plurality of negative pressure spaces can be formed in series and in multiple stages, as in the above embodiment.

  Or in providing such a partition member, it is good also as a ventilation opening which exhaust_gas | exhaustion passes instead of a negative pressure dust removal apparatus. In this case, the atmospheric pressures of the areas communicating with each other through the ventilation opening are common. You may divide into a multistage further by using combining such a partition member, a negative pressure dust removal apparatus, etc.

  Furthermore, although the example which prevents the spreading | diffusion of asbestos dust is shown in the said embodiment, this invention can be used also in the area | region where dust generate | occur | produces in another aspect. For example, the present invention can be used for an area where other assembling work or cleaning work that does not remove asbestos is performed, or an area where repair or cleaning is performed in a nuclear power plant that is required to prevent the diffusion of dust containing nuclear particles.

  In the above embodiment, the dismantling target chamber R through which the draft D flows in and out is defined as a negative pressure space, and the local negative pressure space is formed in the dismantling target chamber R, but there is no disturbance such as the inflow and outflow of the draft D. An indoor space or the like can be used as a negative pressure space, and a local negative pressure space can be formed inside thereof. Alternatively, a region having a disturbance other than the draft D can be set as a negative pressure space, and a local negative pressure space can be formed inside thereof.

  On the other hand, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5B, the skirt portion is formed in the vinyl sheet 3 in order to include the lower sealed space LS in the draft distribution space DR. The whole can be extended to the height position of the slab X. Further, when the caster 12 in the movable carriage 10 is flipped up and the lower negative space LS is formed by partitioning the local negative pressure space with the vinyl sheet 3, the caster 12 is flipped up to make the vinyl sheet 3 into the slab X. Can also be reached.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st negative pressure dust removal apparatus 2 ... 2nd negative pressure space formation apparatus 10 ... Moving carriage 11 ... Frame 12 ... Caster 13 ... Lower scaffold board 14 ... Upper scaffold board 15 ... Sheet attachment member 16 ... Vinyl sheet 17 ... Stairs 18 ... Dust chute 18A ... Removal lid 19 ... Poly duct 20 ... Second negative pressure dust removal device 21 ... Suction port 22 ... Suction device 23 ... Air hose 24 ... Filter 25 ... Exhaust port 30 ... Mist injection device 31 ... Mist generator 32 ... Mist nozzle 40 ... Barometric pressure adjustment device 41 ... Opening / closing lid 42 ... Fixed member 43 ... Hinge 44 ... Weight member B ... High-rise building R ... Renovation target room S ... Sealed space LS ... Lower sealed space US ... Upper sealed space

Claims (9)

In suppressing the diffusion of dust generated from the dust generation area in the building room,
By partitioning the room with a partition member, the dust generation region is locally formed with respect to the room,
Exhausting the indoor air to the outside, forming the indoor pressure as a negative pressure than the outdoor pressure, forming the room as a negative pressure space,
Exhaust the air in the dust generation area into the room, the atmospheric pressure in the dust generation area as a negative pressure than the atmospheric pressure in the room, forming the dust generation area as a local negative pressure space,
A method for suppressing the diffusion of dust, wherein the diffusion of dust generated in the dust generation region is suppressed.   The dust diffusion suppressing method according to claim 1, wherein the room is a region where a draft generated in the building flows in and out.   The dust generation area is lower than a partition plate disposed at a high position in the room above the partition plate disposed at a midway position in the height direction in the room or at a midpoint position in the height direction in the room. The method for suppressing dust diffusion according to claim 2, wherein the dust diffusion suppression method is formed in a low place in the room. Providing the partition member above the partition plate to form the dust generation region at a high position in the room; or
The dust diffusion suppressing method according to claim 3, wherein the partition member is provided below the partition plate to form the dust generation region in a low place in the room.   The method for suppressing dust diffusion according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the dust generation region is formed in a part of the room viewed in plan. The partition member is attached to a carriage equipped with a caster capable of traveling in a room,
The method for suppressing dust diffusion according to claim 5, wherein the dust generation region is formed after the carriage is moved in the room.   The method for suppressing dust diffusion according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the partition member is a flexible sheet.   The pressure of the dust according to claim 7, wherein the air pressure in the room and the air pressure in the dust generation area are adjusted to an air pressure that maintains the state where the dust generation area is partitioned from the room by the flexible sheet. Diffusion suppression method. A dust diffusion suppressing device that suppresses the diffusion of dust generated from a dust generation area in a building room,
A partition member that partitions a predetermined region in the room, and locally forms a dust generation region;
A first negative pressure space forming device for exhausting the indoor air to the outside, forming the indoor air pressure as a negative pressure, and forming the room as a negative pressure space.
A second negative pressure space is formed in which the air in the dust generation area is exhausted from the room, and the pressure in the dust generation area is set to be a negative pressure than the pressure in the room, and the dust generation area is formed as a local negative pressure space. Equipment,
With
An apparatus for suppressing the diffusion of dust, wherein diffusion of dust generated in the dust generation area is suppressed.

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