JP2009019011A - Powdery mildew controller and control method - Google Patents
Powdery mildew controller and control method Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、うどんこ病の感染防止用及び発病防止用の組成物に関する。特に、園芸用のみならず農業用としても使用可能な安全性の高い植物や動物に由来する成分からなるうどんこ病の感染防止用及び発病防止用の防除剤組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a composition for preventing and preventing powdery mildew infection. In particular, the present invention relates to a control composition for powdery mildew infection prevention and disease prevention comprising components derived from highly safe plants and animals that can be used not only for gardening but also for agriculture.
うどんこ病は子嚢菌のウドンコカビ科の純活物寄生菌による植物病害の総称である。葉や茎がうどんこをかけたように白くなり、農業分野ではキュウリ、イチゴ、リンゴ、メロン、ブドウなどにうどんこ病被害がでると著しく商品価値が低下するし、園芸分野ではバラなどが感染すると、植物そのものが弱ってしまうという被害がでる。 Powdery mildew is a general term for plant diseases caused by pure active parasites of the Ascomycete fungi. Leaves and stems turn white like powdered noodles, and in the agricultural field, if powdery mildew damage is caused to cucumbers, strawberries, apples, melons, grapes, etc., the product value is significantly reduced, and roses are infected in the gardening field. Then, the damage that the plant itself becomes weak appears.
うどんこ病菌の種類はさまざまで世界的に分布しており、寄生する植物種によっても異なると言われている。
うどんこ病の防除には、従来アゾール系殺菌剤や炭酸水素カリウムなどが用いられている。しかしながら、これらの殺菌剤には、人や植物体への安全性の問題に加え、病原菌の薬剤抵抗性の出現という大きな問題がある。
There are various types of powdery mildew fungus, which are distributed worldwide and are said to vary depending on the parasitic plant species.
Conventionally, azole fungicides, potassium hydrogen carbonate, and the like have been used to control powdery mildew. However, these disinfectants have a major problem of emergence of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in addition to the problem of safety to humans and plants.
農業分野においては食の安全性がいっそう強く求められており、一般家庭での園芸用途でも、安全性の高い天然成分を利用した病害菌の防除が注目されている。植物由来のものとしては、例えば、ドクダミを利用したうどんこ病防除剤（特許文献２）やヒバ抽出物を利用したうどんこ病防除剤（特許文献８）などが提案されており、他には、微生物の培養物又は微生物そのものを利用するうどん粉病等の植物病害防除剤も数多く提案されている（特許文献３、４、５、６、７）。 In the agricultural field, food safety is strongly demanded, and the control of disease-causing bacteria using natural ingredients with high safety is attracting attention even for horticultural use in general households. As plant-derived ones, for example, powdery mildew control agent using dokudami (patent document 2), powdery mildew control agent using hiba extract (patent document 8) and the like have been proposed. Many plant disease control agents such as powdery mildew using microorganism cultures or microorganisms themselves have been proposed (Patent Documents 3, 4, 5, 6, 7).
しかしながら、微生物を利用する場合は保存性の点で問題があるし、オイルなど脂溶性成分の場合は散布が簡単ではないという問題や植物に対する成長阻害などの影響があるという問題があり、また効果の点でも満足のいくものではないというようなさまざまな問題点があった。
以上のように、人体に対して安全である植物や動物由来のうどんこ病に対する防除用乃至感染防止用として優れた作用効果を奏する組成物は未だ開発されていない。
However, when using microorganisms, there is a problem in terms of storage stability, and in the case of fat-soluble ingredients such as oil, there are problems that spraying is not easy and there are problems such as growth inhibition on plants, and it is also effective. However, there were various problems that were not satisfactory.
As described above, a composition that has an excellent effect as a control or infection prevention against plant or animal-derived powdery mildew that is safe for the human body has not yet been developed.
人体に対して安全性の高い 植物由来の抗菌剤としてはユーカリ葉抽出物が知られている。ユーカリ葉抽出物とは、オーストラリアやブラジルに広く分布するユーカリ（フトモモ科ユーカリ属）の葉から有機溶媒によって抽出される物質のことであり、グラム陽性菌に対する抗菌性などの生理活性効果が知られている。主な成分はユーカリプチンなどのフラボノイド類であり、天然の抗菌剤として有用である（非特許文献１）。 Eucalyptus leaf extract is known as a plant-derived antibacterial agent that is highly safe for the human body. Eucalyptus leaf extract is a substance extracted by organic solvents from leaves of Eucalyptus (European family Eucalyptus) widely distributed in Australia and Brazil, and is known for its physiological activity such as antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. ing. The main components are flavonoids such as eucalyptin and are useful as natural antibacterial agents (Non-patent Document 1).
このユーカリ葉抽出物は、ユーカリ属植物の葉から精油成分を除去し、さらに極性有機溶媒で抽出した抽出物であり、その抗菌作用についての研究結果として、抗菌成分はフロログルシノール誘導体であると報告されている。また、ユーカリ極性有機溶媒抽出物やその抗菌物質を有効成分とする、抗う食剤、抗歯周病剤についても報告されている（特許文献９）。
また、ユーカリ葉エキスには、ＭＲＳＡ(メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌)、セレウス菌、白癬菌、ニキビ菌、バチルスなどには効果が認められるが、真菌類、例えば黒かび（Aspergillus niger）などに対しては効果が弱いとされており（特許文献１）、うどんこ病に対して応用した例は報告されていない。
以上のように、ユーカリ葉抽出物については、これまでにうどんこ病の発病防止乃至感染防止用の防除組成物として有効であるという報告はみられない。
This eucalyptus leaf extract is an extract obtained by removing essential oil components from the leaves of Eucalyptus plants and further extracting with a polar organic solvent. As a result of research on the antibacterial action, the antibacterial component is a phloroglucinol derivative. It has been reported. In addition, anti-cariogenic agents and anti-periodontal agents containing eucalyptus polar organic solvent extract and antibacterial substances as active ingredients have also been reported (Patent Document 9).
Eucalyptus leaf extract is effective against MRSA (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Bacillus cereus, ringworm, acne, Bacillus, etc., but against fungi such as Aspergillus niger Is considered to be less effective (Patent Document 1), and no example of application to powdery mildew has been reported.
As described above, there has been no report that the eucalyptus leaf extract is effective as a control composition for preventing powdery mildew or preventing infection.
他方、甲殻類から採取されるキチン由来で、人体に対して安全性の高い抗菌剤としてキトサンが知られており、食品の浅漬け、カーペット、木材などに抗菌性を付与する等、応用分野も広がっている（非特許文献２）。
キトサンには大腸菌等、グラム陰性菌に対する抗菌作用があることが報告されており、農業資材として応用した例としては、低分子量のキトサンを、芝に応用すると黒点病に有効であるという報告（特許文献１０）もあり、さらに、二価鉄、クエン酸とキトサンの組み合わせにより、軟腐病やうどんこ病に効果があるという文献（特許文献１１）があり、キトサンとサリチル酸とマグネシウムを組み合わせたものの特許公報（特許文献１２）もある。
しかし、各文献記載の技術において、キトサンを配合した理由はうどんこ病菌以外の細菌類によって引き起こされる病気の予防であり、列挙した特許文献にはキトサン単独でうどんこ病菌に対して直接的に効果があることは記載されていない。
On the other hand, chitosan is known as an antibacterial agent that is derived from chitin collected from crustaceans and is highly safe for the human body. It is spreading (Non-Patent Document 2).
Chitosan has been reported to have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria. As an example of application as an agricultural material, a report that chitosan with low molecular weight is effective against sunspot disease when applied to grass (patented) There is also a literature 10), and further, there is a literature (Patent Literature 11) that a combination of divalent iron, citric acid and chitosan is effective against soft rot and powdery mildew, and a patent for a combination of chitosan, salicylic acid and magnesium. There is also a publication (Patent Document 12).
However, in the technology described in each document, the reason for adding chitosan is prevention of diseases caused by bacteria other than powdery mildew, and the listed patent documents are directly effective against powdery mildew by chitosan alone. It is not described that there is.
以上のように、現在に至るまでうどんこ病を効果的に防除でき、人体に有害性のない天然系の組成物、特に液剤は開発されておらず、農家、園芸家は依然として有害性の高い化学農薬に頼らざるを得ないのが現状である。
本発明は、安全性の高い天然成分を有効成分とするうどんこ病の感染防止用乃至発病防止用の液剤と該液剤を使用した植物のうどんこ病感染乃至発病防止方法を提供することを目的とするものである。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid agent for powdery mildew infection prevention or disease prevention comprising a highly safe natural ingredient as an active ingredient and a plant powdery mildew infection or disease prevention method using the liquid agent. It is what.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、ユーカリエキスとキトサンの両者をあわせた場合に、うどんこ病菌に対して相乗的な効果があることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
本発明は、うどんこ病の感染防止用及び発病防止用の組成物における有効成分として、人体に対して安全性の高いユーカリ抽出物と甲殻類から得られるキチン由来のキトサンを使用することを主たる技術事項とする以下の各発明から選択される発明である。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that when both eucalyptus extract and chitosan are combined, there is a synergistic effect on powdery mildew, and the present invention is It came to be completed.
The present invention mainly uses eucalyptus extract, which is highly safe for the human body, and chitosan derived from chitin obtained from crustaceans, as an active ingredient in the composition for preventing powdery mildew infection and preventing disease. It is an invention selected from the following inventions as technical matters.
〔１〕 ユーカリ葉抽出エキス及び水溶性キトサンをうどんこ病感染防止用乃至発病防止用の有効成分として含有する水溶液からなるうどんこ病防除用液体組成物。 [1] A liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew comprising an aqueous solution containing eucalyptus leaf extract and water-soluble chitosan as active ingredients for powdery mildew infection prevention or disease prevention.
〔２〕 ユーカリ葉抽出エキス及び水溶性キトサンを有効成分とし、さらに乳酸及びグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有することを特徴とする〔１〕項記載のうどんこ病防除用液体組成物。 [2] The liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew according to [1], comprising eucalyptus leaf extract and water-soluble chitosan as active ingredients, and further containing lactic acid and glycerin fatty acid ester.
〔３〕 ユーカリ葉抽出エキスは、ユーカリ葉を低級アルコール類、グリコール類、ハロゲン化炭化水素類、エーテル類、低級脂肪酸エステル類、ケトン類及び水から選ばれる溶媒の１種もしくは２種類以上の均一混合可能な溶媒からなる混合溶媒を用いてユーカリ葉を抽出して得られる抽出エキスであることを特徴とする〔１〕項又は〔２〕項に記載のうどんこ病防除用液体組成物。 [3] The eucalyptus leaf extract is a eucalyptus leaf with one or more kinds of solvents selected from lower alcohols, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, lower fatty acid esters, ketones and water. The liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew according to item [1] or [2], which is an extract obtained by extracting eucalyptus leaves using a mixed solvent comprising a mixable solvent.
〔４〕前記〔１〕項〜〔３〕項のいずれか１項に記載のうどんこ病防除用液体組成物をうどんこ病防除対象区域の感染前の植物及び／又は感染後の植物に散布して植物のうどんこ病感染を防止乃至感染後の発病を防止することからなる植物のうどんこ病防除方法。 [4] The powder composition for powdery mildew control according to any one of items [1] to [3] is sprayed on a plant before infection and / or a plant after infection in a powdery mildew control target area. Then, a method for controlling powdery mildew of plants comprising preventing powdery mildew infection of plants or preventing disease after infection.
本発明のうどんこ病防除用液体組成物によれば、人体や環境等に対して悪影響を及ぼすことなく、安全かつ効果的に農業用及び園芸用の植物にうどんこ病が感染することを防止し、また、感染後の発病を防止することが可能である。 According to the liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew of the present invention, powdery mildew is prevented from infecting plants for agriculture and horticulture safely and effectively without adversely affecting the human body and environment. In addition, it is possible to prevent disease after infection.
本発明のうどんこ病防除用液体組成物に用いられるユーカリ抽出物の原料となる葉は、ユーカリ属に属する植物であれば使用可能であるが、ユーカリプタス・グロブラス（Eucalyptus globulus）、ユーカリプタス・ビミナリス（Eucalyptus viminaｌis）、ユーカリプタス・ボトリオイデス（Eucalyptus botryoides）、ユーカリプタス・カマルドレンシス（Eucalyptus camaldulensis）、ユーカリプタス・グランディス（Eucalyptus grandis）、ユーカリプタス・マキュラータ（Eucalyptus maculata）などを好適に使うことが可能である。 The leaves used as the raw material for the eucalyptus extract used in the liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew of the present invention can be used as long as they belong to the genus Eucalyptus, but Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus viminaris ( Eucalyptus viminalis, Eucalyptus botryoides, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus maculata, etc. are suitable for use.
抽出に用いる溶媒は、アルコール類のほかにハロゲン化炭化水素類、エーテル類、ケトン類、有機酸類、酢酸エチル等のエステル類、プロピレングリコール類等のグリコール類を使用することができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、これらの溶媒は単独で用いてもよく、任意の２種または３種以上を組み合わせてもよいが、中でも水溶性アルコールやグリコール類が好適であり、更にエタノール、プロピレングリコールが好適である。 As the solvent used for extraction, in addition to alcohols, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, ketones, organic acids, esters such as ethyl acetate, and glycols such as propylene glycol can be used. It is not limited. In addition, these solvents may be used alone or in combination of any two or more kinds, among which water-soluble alcohols and glycols are preferable, and ethanol and propylene glycol are more preferable.
キトサンとは、カニやエビなどの甲殻類の外骨格から得られるキチンを、濃アルカリ中での煮沸処理等により脱アセチル化して得られる多糖類である。直鎖型の多糖類でグルコサミンの １，４−重合物で一般式は（Ｃ６Ｈ１１ＮＯ４）ｎである。
一般に、キトサンは高分子物質ではあるが、有機酸を含む水に可溶であり、増粘多糖類として食品へ添加することが認められている。そのほか、人工皮膚、イオン交換の支持体、カチオン系汚泥凝集剤のほかに、健康食品の素材としても使われている、非常に安全性の高い物質である。
Chitosan is a polysaccharide obtained by deacetylating chitin obtained from crustacean exoskeletons such as crabs and shrimps by boiling treatment in concentrated alkali. It is a linear polysaccharide and is a 1,4-polymer of glucosamine, the general formula of which is (C 6 H 11 NO 4 ) n .
In general, chitosan is a polymer substance, but is soluble in water containing an organic acid, and it is recognized that it is added to food as a thickening polysaccharide. In addition to artificial skin, ion-exchange supports, and cationic sludge flocculants, they are very safe substances that are also used as health food ingredients.
本発明のうどんこ病防除用液体組成物におけるユーカリエキス、キトサン、有機酸、並びに界面活性剤及び水溶性アルコールの含有量は、ユーカリ抽出物（固形分として)０．０００１〜５質量％、キトサン０．００１〜５質量％、有機酸０．０００８〜５質量％、界面活性剤０．００１〜１０質量％、及び水溶性アルコール０．００１〜３０質量％が好ましく、ユーカリ抽出物０．０２〜１．質量％、キトサン０．１〜３質量％、界面活性剤０．１〜５質量％及び水溶性アルコール０．１〜１０質量％がより好ましい。また、本発明の液体組成物には、本発明により奏される効果を阻害しない限り、本分野で使用される公知の他の成分が含まれていても良い。 In the liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew of the present invention, the content of eucalyptus extract, chitosan, organic acid, surfactant and water-soluble alcohol is 0.0001 to 5% by mass of eucalyptus extract (as solid content), chitosan 0.001-5 mass%, organic acid 0.0008-5 mass%, surfactant 0.001-10 mass%, and water-soluble alcohol 0.001-30 mass% are preferable, Eucalyptus extract 0.02- 1. More preferred are mass%, chitosan 0.1-3 mass%, surfactant 0.1-5 mass% and water-soluble alcohol 0.1-10 mass%. In addition, the liquid composition of the present invention may contain other known components used in this field as long as the effects exhibited by the present invention are not impaired.
本発明のうどんこ病防除用液体組成物は、以上の各成分を公知の方法により適宜混合して液剤とすることにより容易に調製することができる。 The liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew of the present invention can be easily prepared by appropriately mixing the above components by a known method to obtain a liquid preparation.
本発明のうどんこ病防除用液体組成物は、うどんこ病感染防止及びうどん粉病感染後の発病防止のために好適に使用することができる。その使用方法は公知の農薬の使用方法に準じればよい。また、本発明のうどんこ病感染防止用乃至うどんこ病発病防止用の液体組成物は、葉面散布、自動灌水、くん煙や超音波による蒸散といった利用形態に適用できる。 The liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew of the present invention can be suitably used for preventing powdery mildew infection and preventing disease after powdery mildew infection. The usage method may be in accordance with the known usage method of agricultural chemicals. Moreover, the liquid composition for powdery mildew infection prevention or powdery mildew disease prevention of the present invention can be applied to usage forms such as foliar spraying, automatic irrigation, smoking or transpiration by ultrasonic waves.
以下、実施例を示し、本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はかかる実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited at all by this Example.
実験例１〜８ （ミニバラのうどんこ病感染防止試験）
実験例１
ユーカリエキス（王子木材緑化製、エタノール５０質量％・固形分を１．５質量％、残り水を含む）２３質量部、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル（商品名「サンソフト」、太陽化学製）１．８質量部、キトサン（商品名「キミツキトサン」、キミカ製）１．８質量部、乳酸１．５質量部及び水７１．９質量部を混合したものをうどんこ病防除用抗菌剤原液とし、実際の散布には、この液を２０倍に希釈して用いた。
Experimental Examples 1-8 (Mini rose powdery mildew infection prevention test)
Experimental example 1
Eucalyptus extract (manufactured by Oji Wood, 50% by mass of ethanol, 1.5% by mass of solids, including remaining water) 23 parts by mass, glycerin fatty acid ester (trade name “Sunsoft”, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku) 1.8 masses Part, chitosan (trade name “Kimitsuchitosan”, manufactured by Kimika) 1.8 parts by mass, 1.5 parts by mass of lactic acid and 71.9 parts by mass of water were used as an antibacterial agent stock solution for powdery mildew control. For spraying, this solution was diluted 20 times.
実験例２〜７
実験例１で使用した抗菌剤原液に含まれる成分の中で、実際にどの成分が活性成分として関与しているのかを確認する目的で、実験例１で使用したものと同じユーカリエキスを２３質量部、キトサン１．８質量部と乳酸１．５質量部、残余水とした原液（実験例２）、ユーカリエキスを２３質量部、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル１．８質量部、残余水とした原液（実験例３）、ユーカリエキスを２３質量部と残余水とした原液（実験例４）、キトサン１．８質量部と乳酸１．５質量部、残余水とした原液（実験例５）、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル１．８質量部及び残余水とした原液（実験例６）、乳酸１．５質量部及び残余水とした原液（実験例７）をそれぞれ調製して使用した。
実際の噴霧は実施例１の場合と同様に、これらの原液を２０倍希釈したものを、ガンスプレーで、葉部にまんべんなく噴霧することで行った。
Experimental Examples 2-7
Among the components contained in the stock solution of the antibacterial agent used in Experimental Example 1, 23 mass of the same eucalyptus extract used in Experimental Example 1 was used for the purpose of confirming which component was actually involved as an active ingredient. Parts, 1.8 parts by weight of chitosan and 1.5 parts by weight of lactic acid, a stock solution made of residual water (Experimental Example 2), 23 parts by weight of eucalyptus extract, 1.8 parts by weight of glycerol fatty acid ester, and a stock solution made of residual water (experiment Example 3), stock solution with 23 parts by weight of eucalyptus extract and residual water (Experimental Example 4), 1.8 parts by weight of chitosan and 1.5 parts by weight of lactic acid, stock solution with residual water (Experimental Example 5), glycerin fatty acid ester A stock solution (Experimental Example 6) containing 1.8 parts by mass and residual water, and a stock solution (Experimental Example 7) containing 1.5 parts by mass of lactic acid and residual water were prepared and used.
In the same manner as in Example 1, the actual spraying was performed by spraying these stock solutions diluted 20 times evenly onto the leaves with a gun spray.
うどんこ病に感染しているミニバラ（品種名：フェスタ）から得た胞子を感染源とし、未感染のミニバラ１０鉢に対して、胞子を噴霧することで感染を成立させた。すなわち、未感染のミニバラには実験例１〜７の液剤のそれぞれを週に２度噴霧し、実験例８には何も噴霧しなかった。通常通りに施肥、水やり等を実施し、日当たりの良好なハウス内にて栽培し、１ヶ月間経過を観察した。一ヶ月間経過を観察した結果を表２に示す。 Infection was established by spraying spores on 10 uninfected mini roses using spores obtained from mini roses (variety name: Festa) infected with powdery mildew. That is, each of the solutions of Experimental Examples 1 to 7 was sprayed twice a week on uninfected mini roses, and nothing was sprayed on Experimental Example 8. Fertilization, watering, etc. were carried out as usual, cultivated in a house with good sunlight, and the progress for one month was observed. Table 2 shows the results of observation over the course of one month.
表１の結果から、実験例１及び実験例２で使用した液剤が圧倒的に感染防止効果の高く、特にユーカリエキス、キトサン、乳酸、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル含有原液を使用した実験例１の液剤の感染防止効果が高いことが分かった。このことから、少なくともユーカリエキスとキトサン（実験例１及び実験例２）の配合を有することが必須条件であること、及びグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの添加が更に効果を増強させる傾向があることが伺える。ユーカリエキスとグリセリン脂肪酸エステル（実験例３）や、ユーカリエキス単独（実験例４）、キトサン及び乳酸（実験例５）、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル単独（実験例６）、乳酸単独（実験例７）でも若干の効果が見られるが決して効果は充分でない。実験例１及び実験例２で使用した液剤の効果はユーカリエキスとキトサンによる相乗効果であると判断できる。 From the results in Table 1, the solutions used in Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2 have an overwhelmingly high anti-infection effect. In particular, infection of the liquid of Experimental Example 1 using eucalyptus extract, chitosan, lactic acid, and glycerol fatty acid ester-containing stock solutions. It was found that the prevention effect is high. From this, it can be seen that having at least a combination of eucalyptus extract and chitosan (Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2) is an essential condition, and that the addition of glycerin fatty acid ester tends to further enhance the effect. Eucalyptus extract and glycerin fatty acid ester (Experimental Example 3), eucalyptus extract alone (Experimental Example 4), chitosan and lactic acid (Experimental Example 5), glycerin fatty acid ester alone (Experimental Example 6), and lactic acid alone (Experimental Example 7) However, the effect is never enough. It can be judged that the effect of the liquid agent used in Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2 is a synergistic effect by the eucalyptus extract and chitosan.
実験例９ （ミニバラのうどんこ病発病防止試験）
ミニバラ（フェスタ）の苗木を4つの試験区（各試験区：６個体）及び１つの対照区（６個体）に分けてハウス内で栽培した。２週間後、うどんこ病が発生している別の個体から採取したうどんこ病胞子を栽培中のミニバラに接種した。接種３日後、各試験区で６個体の全体に、実施例１で調製した液剤をそのまま、１／１０希釈、１／１００希釈、１／１０００希釈、１／５０００希釈の希釈液としてスプレーにて葉面散布し、対照区では水を散布した。なお、散布は２回／週の頻度で実施した。さらに１ヶ月栽培後、発病状況を調査し、発病度及び防除価を求めて各組成物のうどんこ病に対する発病防止効果乃至防除効果を評価した。なお、各試験区及び対照区の６個体について調査した。試験条件等の詳細は以下の通りである。
Experimental Example 9 (Mini rose powdery mildew prevention test)
Mini rose (Festa) seedlings were divided into 4 test groups (each test group: 6 individuals) and 1 control group (6 individuals) and cultivated in the house. Two weeks later, powdery mildew spores collected from another individual having powdery mildew were inoculated into mini roses being cultivated. Three days after inoculation, spraying the solution prepared in Example 1 as it is to 1/6 dilution, 1/100 dilution, 1/1000 dilution, 1/5000 dilution on 6 individuals in each test section as it is. The leaves were sprayed, and water was sprayed in the control group. In addition, spraying was carried out twice / week. Furthermore, after cultivating for 1 month, the disease state was investigated, the disease severity and the control value were calculated | required, and the disease prevention effect thru | or prevention effect with respect to powdery mildew of each composition was evaluated. In addition, 6 individuals in each test group and control group were investigated. Details of test conditions and the like are as follows.
（１）発病度は以下の式により求めた。
発病度（％）＝〔Σ（発病指数×6）／（４×６）〕×１００
(1) The severity was determined by the following formula.
Disease severity (%) = [Σ (morbidity index × 6) / (4 × 6)] × 100
評価は以下の基準で行った。
０：病斑が見られない
１：病斑がわずかに見られる（全体の５％以下）
２：病斑が全体の２０％未満を占める
３：病斑が全体の２０％以上５０％未満を占める
４：病斑が全体の５０％以上を占める
Evaluation was performed according to the following criteria.
0: No lesion is observed 1: Slight lesion is observed (5% or less of the whole)
2: The lesions account for less than 20% of the whole 3: The lesions account for 20% or more and less than 50% of the whole 4: The lesions account for 50% or more of the whole
（２）防除価は以下の式により求めた。
防除価＝１００−（試験区の発病度／対照区の発病度）×１００
(2) The control value was determined by the following formula.
Control value = 100− (morbidity of test group / morbidity of control group) × 100
各試験液のミニバラのうどんこ病に対する防除効果の評価結果を表２に示す。 Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the control effect of each test solution on powdery mildew of mini roses.
表２の結果から、実験例１で調製した原液は、１／１００希釈程度までであれば、うどんこ病の発病をほぼ抑制可能であることが分かった。 From the results in Table 2, it was found that the stock solution prepared in Experimental Example 1 can substantially suppress the onset of powdery mildew if it is up to about 1/100 dilution.
実験例１０（試験液の保存安定性）
実験例１で調製した原液を恒温室（４０℃）にて６ヵ月間保存した。放置後の原液を肉眼にて観察したところ、若干の濃色化が観察されたが、相分離や沈殿の生成は確認できなかった。さらに、保存後の原液を実験例１と同様の方法で使用してうどんこ病菌に対する感染防止効果を調べたところ、充分な防除効果を示した。したがって、室温に換算すれば１年程度の保管には十分耐えうることが分かった。
Experimental Example 10 (Storage stability of test solution)
The stock solution prepared in Experimental Example 1 was stored in a thermostatic chamber (40 ° C.) for 6 months. When the stock solution after standing was observed with the naked eye, a slight darkening was observed, but no phase separation or precipitation was confirmed. Further, when the stock solution after storage was used in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 and the infection prevention effect against powdery mildew was examined, it showed a sufficient control effect. Therefore, it was found that if it was converted to room temperature, it could withstand storage for about one year.
本発明は、長期間保存しても安定して効果を保持する、貯蔵安定性が良好でなおかつ、安全性の高い天然成分を有効成分とするうどんこ病防除用液体組成物を提供する。 The present invention provides a liquid composition for controlling powdery mildew that contains a natural ingredient having good storage stability and high safety, which retains its effect stably even when stored for a long period of time.
Claims (4)
The liquid composition for powdery mildew control according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is sprayed on a plant before infection and / or a plant after infection in a powdery mildew control target area to thereby prevent powdery mildew infection of the plant. A method for controlling powdery mildew of plants comprising prevention or prevention of disease after infection.
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| WO2019230789A1 (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | 株式会社アクアソリューション | Method of controlling powdery mildew |
| JP7201281B1 (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2023-01-10 | フマキラー株式会社 | How to wash off powdery mildew spores |
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| WO2019230789A1 (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | 株式会社アクアソリューション | Method of controlling powdery mildew |
| KR20200141515A (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2020-12-18 | 가부시키가이샤 아쿠아솔루션 | How to control powdery mildew |
| KR20210136177A (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2021-11-16 | 가부시키가이샤 아쿠아솔루션 | Method of controlling powdery mildew |
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| JP2023106711A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-08-02 | フマキラー株式会社 | Method for washing away powdery mildew spores |
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