JP2009017790A5

JP2009017790A5 -

Info

Publication number: JP2009017790A5
Application number: JP2007180866A
Authority: JP
Filing date: 2007-07-10
Publication date: 2010-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2027-07-10

Description

Root crop excavator

本発明は、地中のジャガイモやタマネギ等の根菜を掘り取り、機外に排出して圃場に並べる根菜掘取機に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a root crop excavator that digs root vegetables such as potatoes and onions in the ground, discharges them outside the machine, and arranges them on a farm field.

従来、根菜掘取機としては、特許文献１に示されるように、トラクタ等の作業車両の後部に装着され、トラクタの牽引動作により移動して掘取刃で地中の根菜を掘り取り、掘り取った根菜を搬送コンベアで機体後部へ搬送し、排出コンベアで根菜を引き継ぎ機体左右外側に根菜を排出して並べるものが存在する。
特開２００６−３２５４７５号公報 Conventionally, as a root crop excavator, as shown in Patent Document 1, it is attached to the rear part of a work vehicle such as a tractor, moved by a tractor's towing operation, and excavated with an excavating blade for excavating the root vegetable in the ground. Some root vegetables are transported to the rear part of the machine body by a conveyor, and the root vegetables are taken over by a discharge conveyor, and the root vegetables are discharged and arranged on the left and right outer sides of the machine body.
JP 2006-325475 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載される根菜掘取機は、作業車両が旋回動作をする時等に持ち上げられると前下がり傾斜姿勢になるので、地中から掘り取られて搬送コンベアに搬送されている根菜は搬送コンベアの搬送始端側に向かって逆流して圃場に落下してしまい、人手により根菜を並べ直さねばならないという欠点があった。 However, since the root crop excavator described in Patent Document 1 is in a forward and downward tilted posture when the work vehicle is turned, for example, when it is turned, it is dug from the ground and transported to the transport conveyor. The root vegetables flow backward toward the transport start end side of the transport conveyor and fall to the field, and the root vegetables must be rearranged manually.

請求項１の発明は、圃場から根菜を掘り取る掘取部材（２６）を設け、該掘取部材（２６）の後部に掘り取った根菜を後方に搬送する搬送装置（３２）を設けると共に、該搬送装置（３２）の後部に根菜を受けて機体外側方向の圃場に根菜を排出する排出装置（５７）を設けた根菜掘取機において、前記搬送装置（３２）の搬送始端側に根菜落下防止用の仕切部材（４３）を落下防止作用状態と収納状態とに切替自在に設けたことを特徴とする根菜掘取機とした。 The invention of claim 1 is provided with a digging member (26) for digging root vegetables from the field, and provided with a conveying device (32) for conveying the root vegetables dug to the rear of the digging member (26), In the root crop excavator provided with a discharge device (57) for receiving root vegetables at the rear part of the transport device (32) and discharging the root vegetables to the field in the outer direction of the machine body, the root vegetables fall on the transport start end side of the transport device (32). The root vegetable excavator is characterized in that the partition member (43) for prevention is provided so as to be switchable between a fall-preventing action state and a storage state.

従って、仕切部材（４３）を回動させて搬送装置（３２）の始端側に近接させることによって、仕切部材（４３）が搬送装置（３２）の搬送始端側を塞ぐので、根菜掘取機が上昇して前下がり傾斜姿勢になっても搬送装置（３２）の搬送始端側から根菜が落下することが防止される。従って、旋回後に根菜を適正に圃場に並べることができる。 Therefore, the partition member (43) closes the transfer start end side of the transfer device (32) by rotating the partition member (43) and bringing it close to the start end side of the transfer device (32). The root vegetables are prevented from falling from the conveyance start end side of the conveyance device (32) even when the vehicle rises to the forward and downward inclination posture. Therefore, root vegetables can be properly arranged on the field after turning.

また、根菜の掘り取り作業中は仕切部材（４３）を収納状態とし、搬送装置（３２）の搬送始端側から離間させておくことによって、仕切部材（４３）が根菜の掘り取り作業を妨げるのを防止できる。 Further, during the root vegetable digging operation, the partition member (43) is placed in the retracted state, and the partition member (43) prevents the root vegetable digging operation by keeping the partition member (43) away from the transfer start end side of the transfer device (32). Can be prevented.

請求項２の発明は、前記仕切部材（４３）を落下防止作用状態と収納状態に切り替える伸縮自在な仕切板シリンダ（４５）を設け、該仕切板シリンダ（４５）の伸縮を切り替える切替装置（４６）を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の根菜掘取機とした。
従って、切替装置（４６）の操作によって仕切板シリンダ（４５）を伸縮させることにより、仕切部材（４３）を落下防止作用状態と収納状態とに切り替えることができるので、作業者は根菜掘取機を取り付けたトラクタを操縦しながら仕切部材（４３）を落下防止作用状態と収納状態とに切り替えることができる。
請求項３の発明は、前記排出装置（５７）に正逆転自在な油圧モータ（５６）を設け、該油圧モータ（５６）に送油する油圧ポンプ（７０）を設け、該油圧ポンプ（７０）と油圧モータ（５６）を正送油ケーブル（５８ａ）と逆送油ケーブル（５８ｂ）で連結すると共に、前記油圧ポンプ（７０）の送油方向を切り替える正逆転レバー（６０）を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の根菜掘取機とした。
従って、作業者は正逆転レバー（６０）を操作することにより、油圧ポンプ（７０）の送油方向を切り替えて、排出装置（７０）の搬送方向を切り替えることができる。
請求項４記載の発明は、前記排出装置（５７）の下方に排出装置（５７）の載置台（４９）を設け、該載置台（４９）の機体後側に回動支点を設けて上下回動自在に構成し、前記載置台（４９）の下部に伸縮自在な排出部シリンダ（５０）を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の根菜掘取機とした。
従って、排出部シリンダ（５０）を伸張させると載置台（４９）の機体前側が上昇して排出装置（５７）を上方に回動させるため、搬送装置（３２）から排出される根菜を直接圃場に排出することができる。
請求項５記載の発明は、前記搬送装置（３２）の左右両側で且つ後側上部に支持プレート（３３，３３）を左右方向に回動自在に設け、該左右の支持プレート（３３，３３）に搬送装置（３２）で搬送中の根菜を所定範囲内に集めるガイドプレート（３６，３６）を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか1項に記載の根菜掘取機とした。
従って、左右の支持プレート（３３，３３）を回動させることにより、左右のガイドプレート（３６，３６）で根菜を任意の所定範囲内に集めて排出することができる。 The invention of claim 2, wherein the partition member (43) retractable partition plate cylinder for switching the receiving state and anti-drop action state (45) is provided, the switching device for switching the expansion and contraction of the partition plate cylinder (45) ( 46). A root crop excavator according to claim 1, wherein the root crop excavator is provided.
Therefore, by extending and retracting the partition plate cylinder (45) by operation of switching changing apparatus (46) can be switched to the partition member (43) and the drop prevention action state and the retracted state, the operator root vegetables photo The partition member (43) can be switched between the fall-preventing action state and the housed state while maneuvering the tractor to which the machine is attached.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the discharge device (57) is provided with a hydraulic motor (56) capable of rotating forward and backward, a hydraulic pump (70) for feeding oil to the hydraulic motor (56), and the hydraulic pump (70). And a hydraulic motor (56) are connected by a forward oil feed cable (58a) and a reverse oil feed cable (58b), and a forward / reverse lever (60) for switching the oil feed direction of the hydraulic pump (70) is provided. The root crop excavator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
Therefore, the operator can switch the oil feeding direction of the hydraulic pump (70) and switch the conveying direction of the discharge device (70) by operating the forward / reverse lever (60).
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a mounting table (49) for the discharging device (57) is provided below the discharging device (57), and a rotation fulcrum is provided on the rear side of the machine body of the mounting table (49). The root vegetable excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the root vegetable excavator is configured to be movable, and is provided with a retractable discharge cylinder (50) at a lower portion of the mounting table (49). did.
Accordingly, when the discharge portion cylinder (50) is extended, the front side of the mounting base (49) rises and the discharge device (57) is rotated upward, so that the root vegetables discharged from the transfer device (32) are directly taken into the field. Can be discharged.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, support plates (33, 33) are provided on both left and right sides of the transfer device (32) and on the upper rear side so as to be rotatable in the left-right direction. The root vegetable excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a guide plate (36, 36) for collecting root vegetables being transported by the transport device (32) within a predetermined range. did.
Therefore, by rotating the left and right support plates (33, 33), the left and right guide plates (36, 36) can collect and discharge the root vegetables within an arbitrary predetermined range.

請求項1記載の発明によれば、作業車両の旋回時に前下り傾斜姿勢となる根菜掘取機の搬送装置（３２）の搬送始端側を仕切部材（４３）で塞ぐことによって、搬送装置（３２）の搬送始端側から根菜が圃場に落下することが防止されるため、根菜は旋回後に適正に圃場に並べられるので、作業者が手作業で根菜を並べ直す作業を省略でき、作業者の労力が軽減される。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the conveying device (32) is closed by closing the conveying start end side of the conveying device (32) of the root vegetable excavator, which is in a forward and downward inclined posture when the work vehicle turns, with the partition member (43). ) Prevents the root vegetables from falling onto the field from the transport start end side, so that the root vegetables are properly arranged on the field after the turn, so that the operator can omit the work of rearranging the root vegetables manually. Is reduced.

そして、根菜の掘り取り作業中は仕切部材（４３）を収納状態として搬送装置（３２）の搬送始端側から離間させておくことによって、仕切部材（４３）が根菜の掘り取り作業を妨げるのを防止できるので、根菜の掘り残しや搬送ミスが減少し、作業者が掘り取り作業後に手作業で掘り残した根菜を掘り起こしたり、搬送に失敗した根菜を並べ直したりする作業が省略され、作業者の労力が軽減される。 During the root vegetable digging operation, the partition member (43) is kept in the retracted state and separated from the conveyance start end side of the conveyance device (32), so that the partition member (43) prevents the root vegetable digging operation. This reduces the amount of root vegetables left behind and transport mistakes, eliminating the need for workers to dig up the root vegetables left behind manually or rearranging root vegetables that failed to be transported. The effort is reduced.

また、根菜を複数条に亘って適正に並べることによって、大型のハーベスタ等で圃場に並んだ根菜を一度にまとめて回収することができるので、回収作業にかかる時間や動作が軽減され、作業能率が向上する。 In addition, by properly arranging root vegetables across multiple strips, root vegetables lined up in the field can be collected at once with a large harvester, etc., reducing the time and operation required for the collection work and improving work efficiency. Will improve.

請求項２記載の発明によれば、請求項１記載の発明の効果に加えて、切替装置（４６）を操作して仕切板シリンダ（４５）を伸縮させて仕切部材（４３）の状態を切り替えることができるので、作業者は根菜掘取機を取り付けた作業車両を操縦しながらでも仕切部材（４３）を落下防止作用状態と収納状態とに切り替えることができ、作業能率が向上する。
請求項３記載の発明によれば、請求項１または２記載の発明の効果に加えて、作業者は正逆転レバー（６０）を操作することにより、油圧ポンプ（７０）の送油方向を切り替えて、排出装置（７０）の搬送方向を切り替えることができるので、掘り取り作業の方向に合わせて根菜を排出する方向が決められるため、圃場に排出された根菜は大型のハーベスタ等で回収し易い幅に並べられ、回収作業の際に回収し損なう根菜の数が減少することにより、作業能率が向上する。
また、回収し損なった根菜を作業者が手作業で拾い集める必要がなく、作業者の労力が軽減される。
請求項４記載の発明によれば、請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の発明の効果に加えて、排出部シリンダ（５０）を伸張させると載置台（４９）の機体前側が上昇して排出装置（５７）を上方に回動させるため、搬送装置（３２）から排出される根菜を直接圃場に排出することができるようになる。
請求項５記載の発明によれば、請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の発明の効果に加えて、左右の支持プレート（３３，３３）を回動させることにより、左右のガイドプレート（３６，３６）で根菜を任意の所定範囲内に集めて排出することができるので、大型のハーベスタ等で回収しやすい幅に根菜をいっそう並べやすくなり、回収作業の時間が短縮されて作業能率が向上する。
また、回収し損なった根菜を作業者が手作業で拾い集める必要がなく、作業者の労力が軽減される。 According to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the state of operating the switching exchange device (46) to extend and retract the partition plate cylinder (45) by the partition member (43) can be switched, the operator Ki de be switched between the stored state and the fall preventing action state even partition member (43) while flying a work vehicle fitted with a root vegetable photo machine, thereby improving the working efficiency.
According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the operator switches the oil feeding direction of the hydraulic pump (70) by operating the forward / reverse lever (60). Since the transport direction of the discharge device (70) can be switched, the direction of discharging the root vegetables is determined in accordance with the direction of the digging operation, so that the root vegetables discharged to the field can be easily collected with a large harvester or the like. The work efficiency is improved by reducing the number of root vegetables that are arranged in the width and fail to be recovered during the recovery operation.
Further, it is not necessary for the worker to manually collect the root vegetables that have been collected and the labor of the worker is reduced.
According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3, when the discharge portion cylinder (50) is extended, the front side of the mounting body (49) is raised. Then, since the discharge device (57) is rotated upward, the root vegetables discharged from the transport device (32) can be directly discharged to the field.
According to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the left and right guide plates are rotated by rotating the left and right support plates (33, 33). (36, 36) enables root vegetables to be collected and discharged within an arbitrary predetermined range, making it easier to arrange root vegetables in a width that can be easily collected by a large harvester or the like, and reducing the time required for collection work. Will improve.
Further, it is not necessary for the worker to manually collect the root vegetables that have been collected and the labor of the worker is reduced.

本発明の実施の形態について、一実施例としてトラクタ等の作業車両に装着し、地中のタマネギを掘り取ると共に機外に排出して整列させるタマネギ掘取機を説明する。
図１〜５に示すように、タマネギ掘取機は、トラクタのＰＴＯ軸から受ける駆動力を各部へ伝動する伝動部Ａと、地中からタマネギを掘り取り機体後方へと搬送する掘取搬送部Ｂと、仕切板を回動させて搬送装置の搬送始端側の開閉を切り替える仕切部Ｃと、掘取搬送部Ｂからタマネギを引き継いで機体左右外側方向に排出する排出搬送部Ｄとから構成される。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described as an example of an onion excavator that is mounted on a work vehicle such as a tractor, excavates onion in the ground, and discharges it outside the apparatus to align it.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the onion excavator includes a transmission part A that transmits the driving force received from the PTO shaft of the tractor to each part, and an excavation transport part that transports the onion from the ground to the rear of the machine body. B, a partition part C that switches the opening and closing of the transport start end side of the transport device by rotating the partition plate, and a discharge transport part D that takes over the onion from the digging transport part B and discharges it to the left and right outer sides of the machine body. The

先ず、伝動部Ａの構成について説明する。
トラクタ１のＰＴＯ軸２にユニバーサルジョイント３の一側を取り付け、該ユニバーサルジョイント３の他側を第１伝動ケース４の受軸５に取り付ける。また、該第１伝動ケース４の左右一側の出力軸に伝動軸カバー６に内装する伝動軸７の左右一側を軸着すると共に、駆動力伝動ケース４の左右他側の出力軸に第２伝動ケース８に内装する駆動スプロケット９を軸着する。そして、該伝動軸カバー６と第２伝動ケース８の下部に連結フレーム１０を取り付け、該連結フレーム１０の前部にトラクタ１のトップリンクと連結する左右トップリンク連結アーム１１，１１を取り付けると共に、連結フレーム１０の下部にトラクタ１の左右ロワーリンクと連結する左右ロワーリンク連結アーム１２，１２を取り付ける。さらに、前記伝動軸７の左右他側に軸着する駆動プーリ１３と回転自在な従動プーリ１４と回動自在なテンションアーム１５に回転自在に取り付けたテンションプーリ１６とを内装する第３伝動ケース１７を前記伝動軸カバー６の左右他側に取り付けると共に、該駆動プーリ１３と従動プーリ１４とテンションプーリ１６との間に伝動ベルト１８を無端状に巻き掛ける。また、前記第２伝動ケース８の上部に従動スプロケット１９を回転自在に内装し、テンションスプロケット２０を回転自在に装着したテンションアーム２１を内装すると共に、前記駆動スプロケット９と従動スプロケット１９とテンションスプロケット２０との間に伝動チェーン２１を無端状に巻き掛ける。そして、前記従動スプロケット１９に伝動軸２２の左右一側を軸着し、該伝動軸２２の左右他側を油圧ポンプ７０に取り付けることによって、伝動部Ａが構成される。 First, the structure of the transmission part A is demonstrated.
One side of the universal joint 3 is attached to the PTO shaft 2 of the tractor 1, and the other side of the universal joint 3 is attached to the receiving shaft 5 of the first transmission case 4. The left and right sides of the transmission shaft 7 housed in the transmission shaft cover 6 are attached to the left and right output shafts of the first transmission case 4, and the left and right output shafts of the driving force transmission case 4 are connected to the left and right output shafts. (2) A drive sprocket 9 provided in the transmission case 8 is attached to the shaft. Then, a connecting frame 10 is attached to the lower part of the transmission shaft cover 6 and the second transmission case 8, and left and right top link connecting arms 11, 11 for connecting to the top link of the tractor 1 are attached to the front portion of the connecting frame 10, Left and right lower link connecting arms 12 and 12 connected to the left and right lower links of the tractor 1 are attached to the lower part of the connecting frame 10. Further, a third transmission case 17 is provided, which includes a drive pulley 13 that is pivotally mounted on the left and right sides of the transmission shaft 7, a rotatable driven pulley 14, and a tension pulley 16 that is rotatably attached to a rotatable tension arm 15. Are attached to the left and right other sides of the transmission shaft cover 6, and a transmission belt 18 is wound endlessly between the drive pulley 13, the driven pulley 14, and the tension pulley 16. Further, a driven sprocket 19 is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the second transmission case 8, a tension arm 21 is rotatably mounted on the tension sprocket 20, and the drive sprocket 9, the driven sprocket 19, and the tension sprocket 20 are also mounted. The transmission chain 21 is wound endlessly between the two. The left and right sides of the transmission shaft 22 are attached to the driven sprocket 19, and the left and right other sides of the transmission shaft 22 are attached to the hydraulic pump 70 to constitute the transmission portion A.

なお、図２に示す第３伝動ケース１７は、内部構造を把握しやすくするため、外側のカバーを外した状態である。
次に、掘取搬送部Ｂについて説明する。 In addition, the 3rd transmission case 17 shown in FIG. 2 is the state which removed the outer cover, in order to make it easy to grasp | ascertain an internal structure.
Next, the excavation conveyance part B is demonstrated.

前記連結フレーム１０の左右端部に左右連結プレート２３，２３を取り付け、該左右連結プレート２３，２３の左右一側下部に右サイドカバー２４Ｒを取り付けると共に、左右連結プレート２３，２３の左右他側下部と前記第３伝動ケースとの間に左サイドカバー２４Ｌを取り付ける。また、該左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒの前端部に左右ガイドカバー２５，２５を取り付け、該左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒの前部左右間に掘取刃２６を機体前後方向にボルト等で位置調節自在に取り付けると共に、左右駆動スプロケット２７，２７を軸着したコンベア駆動軸２８を回転自在に取り付ける。そして、該コンベア駆動軸２８の左右一側を前記従動プーリ１４に軸着し、左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒの前部内側に左右従動ローラ２９，２９を回転自在に装着すると共に、該左右従動ローラ２９，２９の左右間にコンベア従動軸３０を取り付ける。さらに、該コンベア従動軸３０とコンベア駆動軸２８との間に、左右の枠の間に所定間隔ごとに棒材を配置して構成した搬送帯３１を無端状に巻き掛けて搬送コンベア３２を構成する。そして、前記左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒの後側上部に左右支持プレート３３，３３を機体左右方向に回動自在に取り付けると共に、該左右支持プレート３３，３３に左右支持アーム３４，３４の基部を取り付ける。また、該左右支持アーム３４，３４の端部に左右ガイド取付フレーム３５，３５を取り付けると共に、該左右ガイド取付フレーム３５，３５の後部に排出コンベア３２からタマネギを直接圃場に排出する際、タマネギを一定範囲内に集める左右ガイドプレート３６，３６を取り付ける。そして、左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒの後端部に上下回動自在な左右支持アーム６５，６５を取り付けると共に、該左右支持アーム６５，６５に後述する排出搬送部Ｄの排出コンベア５７上でタマネギの動きを規制する左右規制アーム６６，６６を取り付ける。さらに、前記左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒの後側下部に左右ボス３７，３７を取り付け、該左右ボス３７，３７に複数の穴を開けた左右橇体支持アーム３８，３８を挿入してロックピンやボルト・ナット等で任意の高さに固定すると共に、該左右橇体支持アーム３８，３８の下部に左右橇体３９，３９を機体上下方向に回動自在に取り付ける。そして、該左右橇体３９，３９の前端部を左右回動アーム４０，４０の基部に固定すると共に、該左右回動アーム４０，４０の端部を左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒに機体上下方向に回動自在に取り付けることによって、掘取搬送部Ｂが構成される。 The left and right connecting plates 23, 23 are attached to the left and right ends of the connecting frame 10, the right side cover 24R is attached to the left and right side lower portions of the left and right connecting plates 23, 23, and the left and right other side lower portions of the left and right connecting plates 23, 23 are attached. A left side cover 24L is attached between the first transmission case and the third transmission case. Also, left and right guide covers 25, 25 are attached to the front end portions of the left and right side covers 24L, 24R, and the position of the digging blade 26 between the front left and right sides of the left and right side covers 24L, 24R can be adjusted with bolts or the like. At the same time, a conveyor drive shaft 28 having left and right drive sprockets 27 and 27 attached thereto is rotatably attached. The left and right sides of the conveyor drive shaft 28 are attached to the driven pulley 14, and left and right driven rollers 29 and 29 are rotatably mounted inside the front portions of the left and right side covers 24L and 24R. A conveyor driven shaft 30 is attached between the left and right sides of 29 and 29. Further, a conveyor belt 32 is constructed by winding a conveyor belt 31 formed by arranging rods at predetermined intervals between the left and right frames between the conveyor driven shaft 30 and the conveyor drive shaft 28 in an endless manner. To do. The left and right support plates 33 and 33 are attached to the upper rear portions of the left and right side covers 24L and 24R so as to be rotatable in the left and right direction of the machine body, and the bases of the left and right support arms 34 and 34 are attached to the left and right support plates 33 and 33. . In addition, the left and right guide mounting frames 35 and 35 are attached to the end portions of the left and right support arms 34 and 34, and the onion is directly discharged from the discharge conveyor 32 to the rear part of the left and right guide mounting frames 35 and 35. The left and right guide plates 36, 36 that are collected within a certain range are attached. Then, left and right support arms 65, 65 that can be turned up and down are attached to the rear ends of the left and right side covers 24L, 24R, and the onion of the onion is placed on the left and right support arms 65, 65 on the discharge conveyor 57 of the discharge transfer section D, which will be described later. Left and right restricting arms 66 and 66 for restricting movement are attached. Further, left and right bosses 37 and 37 are attached to the lower rear portions of the left and right side covers 24L and 24R, and left and right skeleton support arms 38 and 38 having a plurality of holes are inserted into the left and right bosses 37 and 37, and lock pins or While fixing to arbitrary height with a volt | bolt, a nut, etc., the left-right frame 39,39 is attached to the lower part of this left-right frame support arm 38,38 so that rotation to the up-down direction of a body is possible. The front ends of the left and right casings 39, 39 are fixed to the bases of the left and right pivot arms 40, 40, and the ends of the left and right pivot arms 40, 40 are attached to the left and right side covers 24L, 24R in the vertical direction of the body. The excavation conveyance part B is comprised by attaching rotatably.

上記構成によれば、搬送コンベア３２を構成する搬送帯３１は所定間隔ごとに空間部を有しているため、タマネギに付着している泥土を搬送帯３１で搬送しながら下方に落とすことができるので、収穫後にタマネギから泥土を取り除く作業が軽減されるので、作業者の労力が軽減される。 According to the said structure, since the conveyance belt | band | zone 31 which comprises the conveyance conveyor 32 has a space part for every predetermined interval, it can drop down, conveying the mud adhering to an onion with the conveyance belt | band | zone 31. Therefore, since the work of removing mud from the onion after harvesting is reduced, the labor of the operator is reduced.

また、タマネギは適度に乾燥させておくと長期間鮮度を維持することができるため、圃場に掘り出した後天日により乾燥させることがあるが、搬送帯３１で搬送している最中にタマネギに付着した泥土を除去しておくことによって、タマネギの表面が天日に晒されて乾燥し易くなるので、タマネギの品質を長期に亘って保持することができ、タマネギの商品価値を向上させることができる。 In addition, since the onion can maintain freshness for a long time if it is dried appropriately, it may be dried by the sun after it is dug in the field, but it adheres to the onion while it is being transported in the transport belt 31. By removing the muddy soil, the surface of the onion is exposed to the sun and becomes easy to dry, so the quality of the onion can be maintained for a long time, and the commercial value of the onion can be improved. .

そして、搬送コンベア３２から直接圃場にタマネギを排出する場合、タマネギを一定範囲内に集める左右ガイドプレート３６，３６を設けたことによって、タマネギが圃場に散らばってしまうことを防止できると共に、均等な左右幅にタマネギを整列させることができるので、大型のハーベスタ等で圃場に並んだタマネギを一度にまとめて回収することができるので、回収作業にかかる時間や動作が軽減され、作業能率が向上する。 When the onions are discharged directly from the conveyor 32 to the field, the left and right guide plates 36, 36 for collecting the onions within a certain range can be provided, so that the onions can be prevented from being scattered in the field and the right and left Since the onions can be aligned to the width, the onions lined up in the field can be collected at once with a large harvester or the like, so that the time and operation required for the collection work are reduced and the work efficiency is improved.

また、左右ガイドプレート３６，３６を備える左右ガイド取付フレーム３５，３５を支持する左右支持プレート３３，３３が機体左右方向に回動自在であることによって、タマネギを直接圃場に落下させる場合は左右支持プレート３３，３３の左右どちらか一方或いは両方を機体内側方向に回動させると、タマネギを圃場に一定範囲に整列させることができる。なお、左右どちらか一方のガイドプレート３６だけを用いる場合は６条、左右ガイドプレート３６，３６を用いる場合は４条に並べることができる。一方、搬送コンベア３２から後述する排出搬送部Ｄの排出コンベア５７にタマネギを排出するときは、左右支持アーム３３，３３を機体外側方向に回動させることにより、搬送コンベア３２の左右幅全体から排出搬送部Ｄの排出コンベア５７にタマネギを排出することができるので、排出コンベア５７はタマネギを均等に圃場に落下させて並べることができ、大型のハーベスタ等で圃場に並んだタマネギを一度にまとめて回収することができるようになり、回収作業にかかる時間や動作が軽減され、作業能率が向上する。 In addition, the left and right support plates 33 and 33 that support the left and right guide mounting frames 35 and 35 including the left and right guide plates 36 and 36 are rotatable in the left and right directions of the machine body, so that the left and right support is provided when the onion is dropped directly onto the field. When either one or both of the right and left of the plates 33 and 33 are rotated inward of the machine body, the onion can be aligned in a certain range on the field. If only one of the left and right guide plates 36 is used, the strips can be arranged in 6 strips. On the other hand, when the onion is discharged from the transfer conveyor 32 to the discharge conveyor 57 of the discharge transfer section D described later, the left and right support arms 33 and 33 are rotated outward from the machine body to discharge from the entire left and right width of the transfer conveyor 32. Since the onion can be discharged to the discharge conveyor 57 of the transport unit D, the discharge conveyor 57 can drop the onion evenly onto the field and arrange it, and collect the onions lined up on the field at once with a large harvester or the like. It becomes possible to collect, the time and operation required for the collection work are reduced, and the work efficiency is improved.

さらに、左右橇体３９，３９を左右橇体支持アーム３８，３８の下部に機体上下方向に回動自在に取り付けると共に、左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒに機体上下方向に回動自在に取り付けた左右回動アーム４０，４０の基部を左右橇体３９，３９の前端部に取り付けたことによって、左右橇体３９，３９が圃場の起伏に沿ってタマネギ掘取機の作業高さを自動的に変更することができるので、タマネギの掘り取りや搬送が安定し、作業能率が向上する。 Further, the left and right housings 39, 39 are attached to the lower portions of the left and right housing support arms 38, 38 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction of the machine body, and are attached to the left and right side covers 24L, 24R so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction of the machine body. By attaching the bases of the moving arms 40, 40 to the front ends of the left and right frames 39, 39, the left and right frames 39, 39 automatically change the working height of the onion digger along the ups and downs of the field. As a result, the digging and transporting of the onion is stabilized, and the work efficiency is improved.

次に、仕切部Ｃについて説明する。
前記左右連結プレート２３，２３に左右支持プレート４１，４１を取り付け、該左右支持プレート４１，４１の左右間に仕切板回動軸４２を機体上下方向に回動自在に取り付ける。また、該仕切板回動軸４２の前端部に掘取搬送部Ｂの前端部を塞ぐ左右幅及び上下幅の仕切板４３を取り付けると共に、前記連結フレーム１０の左右一端上部に支持フレーム４４を取り付ける。そして、該支持フレーム４４の上部に仕切板シリンダ４５の基部を取り付けると共に、該仕切板シリンダ４５の端部を支持フレーム４４を取り付けた側の支持プレート４１の外側から仕切板回動軸４２に取り付ける。さらに、該仕切板シリンダ４５を伸縮させる切替スイッチ４６をトラクタ１に取り付けると共に、該切替スイッチ４６と仕切板シリンダ４５とをケーブル４７で連結することによって、仕切部Ｃが構成される。 Next, the partition part C will be described.
Left and right support plates 41 and 41 are attached to the left and right connecting plates 23 and 23, and a partition plate rotation shaft 42 is attached between the left and right sides of the left and right support plates 41 and 41 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction of the machine body. Further, a left and right width and vertical width partition plate 43 that covers the front end portion of the excavation transport unit B is attached to the front end portion of the partition plate rotation shaft 42, and a support frame 44 is attached to the upper left and right end portions of the connection frame 10. . The base of the partition plate cylinder 45 is attached to the upper portion of the support frame 44, and the end of the partition plate cylinder 45 is attached to the partition plate rotation shaft 42 from the outside of the support plate 41 on the side where the support frame 44 is attached. . Further, a partition switch C is configured by attaching to the tractor 1 a changeover switch 46 that extends and contracts the partition plate cylinder 45 and connecting the switch 46 and the partition plate cylinder 45 with a cable 47.

なお、本件実施例の仕切板シリンダ４５は電動シリンダであるが、油圧シリンダやエアシリンダで構成してもよい。
上記構成によれば、仕切板４３が仕切板シリンダ４５によって機体上下方向に回動して掘取搬送部Ｂの前端部を塞ぐことにより、トラクタ１が畝の端で旋回する際にタマネギ掘取機をリフトして前下がり傾斜姿勢にさせて搬送コンベア３２上のタマネギが掘取搬送部Ｂの前端側に転がっても、仕切板４３がタマネギの圃場への落下を防止するため、タマネギはトラクタ１の旋回後に掘取搬送部Ｂの搬送コンベア３２から機体後方に排出、もしくは排出搬送部Ｄの排出コンベア５７から機体外側方向に排出されて圃場に適正に並べられるので、作業者が手作業でタマネギを圃場に並べ直す作業を省略でき、作業者の労力が軽減される。 In addition, although the partition plate cylinder 45 of the present embodiment is an electric cylinder, it may be constituted by a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.
According to the above configuration, the partition plate 43 is rotated in the vertical direction by the partition plate cylinder 45 to close the front end portion of the digging transport unit B, so that the onion digging is performed when the tractor 1 turns at the end of the ridge. Since the partition plate 43 prevents the onion from falling onto the field, even if the onion on the conveyor 32 rolls to the front end side of the digging and conveying section B by lifting the machine to a downwardly inclined posture, the onion is a tractor After the turn of 1, it is discharged from the conveyor 32 of the excavating and conveying section B to the rear of the machine body, or discharged from the discharge conveyor 57 of the discharging and conveying section D to the outer side of the machine body and properly arranged on the field. The work of rearranging the onions on the field can be omitted, and the labor of the operator is reduced.

また、タマネギの掘り取り作業中は仕切板４３を回動させて搬送コンベア３２の搬送始端側から離間させておくことによって、仕切板４３がタマネギの掘り取り作業を妨げるのを防止できるので、タマネギの掘り残しや搬送ミスが減少し、作業者が掘り取り作業後に手作業で掘り残したタマネギを掘り起こしたり、搬送に失敗したタマネギを並べ直したりする作業が省略され、作業者の労力が軽減される。 Further, during the onion digging operation, the partition plate 43 is rotated and separated from the transfer start end side of the transfer conveyor 32, so that the partition plate 43 can be prevented from obstructing the onion digging operation. This reduces the amount of leftover digging and transport mistakes, and eliminates the need for workers to dig up onions that have been dug up manually after digging up and rearrange onions that failed to be transported. The

そして、仕切板４３を回動させる仕切板シリンダ４５の伸縮を切り替える切替スイッチ４６をトラクタ１に設けたことによって、作業者はトラクタ１を操縦しながら仕切板４３を開閉させることができるので、作業能率が向上する。 Further, by providing the tractor 1 with the changeover switch 46 for switching the expansion and contraction of the partition plate cylinder 45 that rotates the partition plate 43, the operator can open and close the partition plate 43 while operating the tractor 1. Efficiency is improved.

次に、排出搬送部Ｄについて説明する。
前記左右サイドカバー２４Ｌ，２４Ｒの後部下部に左右支持フレーム４８，４８を取り付けると共に、該左右支持フレーム４８，４８の終端部を回動支点として載置台４９を機体上下方向に回動自在に取り付ける。そして、該載置台４９と載置台４９を設けた側の支持フレーム４８との間に電動式の排出部シリンダ５０を取り付け、該載置台４９の上部に、タマネギ掘取機の左右幅よりも左右方向に長い前後コンベアフレーム５１，５１を取り付けると共に、後コンベアフレーム５１上にガイドプレート５１ａを取り付ける。また、前後コンベアフレーム５１，５１の左右端部のうち、機体外側方向に突出した側の前後間に駆動ローラ５２を回転自在に装着し、他端側の前後間に従動ローラ５３を回転自在に取り付けると共に、駆動ローラ５２と従動ローラ５３との左右間に複数のテンションローラ５４・・・を回転自在に取り付ける。そして、該駆動ローラ５２と従動ローラ５３と複数のテンションローラ５４・・・とに排出ベルト５５を無端状に巻き掛けると共に、駆動ローラ５２に正逆転自在である油圧モータ５６を取り付けて、掘取搬送部Ｂの搬送コンベア３２から排出されるタマネギを受けて機体左右外側方向に排出して並べる排出コンベア５７を構成する。さらに、前記伝動部Ａの油圧ポンプ７０と排出コンベア５７を構成する油圧モータ５６とを正逆送油ケーブル５８ａ，５８ｂで連結し、油圧ポンプ７０の上部にポンプカバー５９を取り付けると共に、該ポンプカバー５９の上部に油圧ポンプ７０内の油の流れを切り替える正逆転切替レバー６０を取り付けることによって、排出搬送部Ｄが構成される。なお、該正逆転レバー６０はトラクタ１に向かって先端部を突出させて取り付ける。 Next, the discharge conveyance unit D will be described.
The left and right support frames 48, 48 are attached to the lower rear portions of the left and right side covers 24L, 24R, and the mounting table 49 is attached to be pivotable in the vertical direction of the machine body with the end portions of the left and right support frames 48, 48 as pivot points. Then, an electric discharge cylinder 50 is attached between the mounting table 49 and the support frame 48 on the side where the mounting table 49 is provided, and the upper part of the mounting table 49 is set to the left and right widths of the onion excavator. The front and rear conveyor frames 51, 51 that are long in the direction are attached, and the guide plate 51 a is attached on the rear conveyor frame 51. A driving roller 52 is rotatably mounted between the left and right end portions of the front and rear conveyor frames 51 and 51 on the side protruding in the outer direction of the machine body, and the driven roller 53 is rotatable between the front and rear sides on the other end side. At the same time, a plurality of tension rollers 54... Are rotatably mounted between the drive roller 52 and the driven roller 53. Then, the discharge belt 55 is wound endlessly around the drive roller 52, the driven roller 53, and the plurality of tension rollers 54, and a hydraulic motor 56 that can freely rotate in the forward and reverse directions is attached to the drive roller 52. A discharge conveyor 57 that receives the onion discharged from the transfer conveyor 32 of the transfer section B and discharges and arranges it in the left-right outer direction of the machine body is configured. Further, the hydraulic pump 70 of the transmission section A and the hydraulic motor 56 constituting the discharge conveyor 57 are connected by forward and reverse oil feed cables 58a and 58b, and a pump cover 59 is attached to the upper part of the hydraulic pump 70. By attaching a forward / reverse switching lever 60 for switching the flow of oil in the hydraulic pump 70 to the upper part of 59, the discharge conveyance section D is configured. The forward / reverse lever 60 is attached with its tip projecting toward the tractor 1.

上記構成によれば、載置台４９が排出部シリンダ５０の伸縮によって上下動することによって、排出部シリンダ５０を伸ばして載置台４９を上昇させると左右支持フレーム４８，４８の左右間の空間部が現れるため、掘取搬送部Ｂの搬送コンベア３２からタマネギを圃場に排出して並べる作業を行うことができると共に、排出部シリンダ５０を縮めて載置台４９を下降させると排出コンベア５７が搬送コンベア３２からタマネギを受けて、機体左右外側方向に排出して並べる作業を行うことができるので、タマネギを大型のハーベスタ等で回収しやすい幅に隙間無く並べることができ、回収作業の際に回収し損なうタマネギが減るため、作業者が回収作業後にタマネギを圃場から回収する作業が省略され、作業者の労力が軽減される。 According to the above configuration, when the mounting table 49 moves up and down by the expansion and contraction of the discharge unit cylinder 50, when the discharge unit cylinder 50 is extended to raise the mounting table 49, the space between the left and right support frames 48, 48 is left and right. Thus, the onion can be discharged from the transfer conveyor 32 of the excavation transfer section B to the field and arranged, and the discharge conveyor 57 is moved to the transfer conveyor 32 by lowering the discharge section cylinder 50 and lowering the mounting table 49. The onion can be received and discharged to the left and right outside of the aircraft, and can be arranged in a line, so the onion can be arranged in a width that is easy to collect with a large harvester, etc., and there is no gap in the collection work. Since the number of onions is reduced, the work of collecting the onion from the field after the collection work is omitted, and the labor of the worker is reduced.

また、正逆転切替レバー６０の操作により排出コンベア５７の排出方向を自在に切り替えることができるので、掘り取り作業の方向に応じてタマネギを排出する方法を決めることができるので、タマネギを大型のハーベスタ等で回収しやすい幅に隙間無く並べることができ、回収作業の際に回収し損なうタマネギが減るため、作業者が回収作業後にタマネギを圃場から回収する作業が省略され、作業者の労力が軽減される。 In addition, since the discharge direction of the discharge conveyor 57 can be freely switched by operating the forward / reverse switching lever 60, a method for discharging the onion can be determined according to the direction of the digging operation, so that the onion can be a large harvester. Can be arranged without gaps in the width that is easy to collect, etc., and the number of onions that cannot be collected during the collection work is reduced, so that the work of collecting the onion from the field after the collection work is omitted, reducing the labor of the worker Is done.

そして、正逆転切替レバー６０の先端部をトラクタ１に向けて突出させていることによって、作業者はトラクタ１に搭乗したまま手を伸ばすだけで正逆転切替レバー６０を操作することができるので、排出コンベア５７の排出方向を切り替える際にトラクタ１を停止させる必要がないので、作業能率が向上する。 And by making the front-end | tip part of the forward / reverse switching lever 60 protrude toward the tractor 1, the operator can operate the forward / reverse switching lever 60 only by reaching out while riding on the tractor 1. Since it is not necessary to stop the tractor 1 when switching the discharge direction of the discharge conveyor 57, work efficiency is improved.

以下、本件タマネギ掘取機の別実施例について説明する。
図６、図７で示すように、仕切部Ｃの仕切板回動軸４２の左右端のうち、第３伝動ケース１７を取り付けた側に連結アーム６１の基部を取り付け、該連結アーム６１の端部の左右に溝部を切り欠いた左右スライド板６２，６２を配置し、該左右スライド板６２，６２の溝部と連結アーム６１の端部とをボルト等でスライド可能に連結する。また、第３伝動ケース１７に内装する伝動ベルト１８を張圧するテンションローラ１６を回転自在に装着したテンションアーム１５の回動軸１５ａの端部に連結アーム６３の基部を取り付け、該連結アーム６３の端部を支持部材６４に回動自在に取り付けると共に、第３伝動ケース１７の内側とテンションアーム１５とをスプリング６５で連結する。そして、前記左右スライド板６２，６２に連結部材６６を取り付けると共に、該連結部材６６と支持部材６４とをクラッチワイヤー６７で連結することによって、仕切部Ｃの開閉の切り替えに連動して掘取搬送部Ｂの駆動力伝動を切り替えるクラッチ機構６８を構成する。このとき、伝動ベルト１８はテンションローラ１６に張圧されなければ回転が止まるように装着する。 Hereinafter, another embodiment of the onion digger will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the base portion of the connecting arm 61 is attached to the side where the third transmission case 17 is attached among the left and right ends of the partition plate rotation shaft 42 of the partition portion C. Left and right slide plates 62, 62 with groove portions cut out are arranged on the left and right sides, and the groove portions of the left and right slide plates 62, 62 and the end portions of the connecting arms 61 are slidably connected with bolts or the like. In addition, the base of the connecting arm 63 is attached to the end of the rotating shaft 15a of the tension arm 15 in which the tension roller 16 that tensions the transmission belt 18 provided in the third transmission case 17 is rotatably mounted. The end is rotatably attached to the support member 64, and the inside of the third transmission case 17 and the tension arm 15 are connected by a spring 65. Then, a connecting member 66 is attached to the left and right slide plates 62, 62, and the connecting member 66 and the support member 64 are connected by a clutch wire 67, thereby digging and conveying in conjunction with switching of the opening and closing of the partition portion C. A clutch mechanism 68 for switching the driving force transmission of the part B is configured. At this time, the transmission belt 18 is mounted so that the rotation is stopped unless it is tensioned by the tension roller 16.

なお、図６及び図７の第３伝動ケース１７は、内部の構造を把握しやすくするために、外側のカバーを外した状態を示している。
上記構成によれば、仕切板４３を開くとテンションアーム１５がクラッチワイヤー６７に引っ張られて下方回動し、テンションローラ１６が伝動ベルト１８を張圧して駆動力を伝動するようになるため、掘取搬送部Ｂの搬送コンベア３２が駆動して掘り取ったタマネギを後部に搬送することができる。一方、仕切板４３を閉じるとテンションアーム１５を引っ張っていたクラッチワイヤー６７が弛み、テンションアーム１５を取り付ける連結アーム６３の機体後方への移動に連動してテンションアーム１５も機体後方に移動するため、テンションプーリ１６が伝動ベルト１８から離間して伝動ベルト１８の張りが弛むので、掘取搬送部Ｂへの駆動力の伝動が停止し、掘取搬送部Ｂの搬送コンベア３２を停止させることができる。 The third transmission case 17 in FIGS. 6 and 7 shows a state in which the outer cover is removed in order to make it easier to grasp the internal structure.
According to the above configuration, when the partition plate 43 is opened, the tension arm 15 is pulled by the clutch wire 67 and rotates downward, and the tension roller 16 tensions the transmission belt 18 to transmit the driving force. The onion dug by driving the conveyor 32 of the picking and conveying part B can be conveyed to the rear part. On the other hand, when the partition plate 43 is closed, the clutch wire 67 that has pulled the tension arm 15 is loosened, and the tension arm 15 moves to the rear of the machine in conjunction with the movement of the connecting arm 63 to which the tension arm 15 is attached. Since the tension pulley 16 is separated from the transmission belt 18 and the tension of the transmission belt 18 is loosened, the transmission of the driving force to the digging and conveying unit B is stopped, and the conveying conveyor 32 of the digging and conveying unit B can be stopped. .

従って、仕切板４３の開閉を切替スイッチ４６で切り替えることによって、掘取搬送部Ｂへの駆動力伝動の切替を連動して行うことができるので、作業者は旋回前にトラクタ１のＰＴＯ軸２の回転を停止させ、旋回後に再びＰＴＯ軸２の回転を再開させる操作を省略できるようになるので、作業能率が向上する。 Therefore, by switching the opening / closing of the partition plate 43 with the changeover switch 46, the driving force transmission to the excavation conveyance unit B can be switched in conjunction with each other, so that the operator can turn the PTO shaft 2 of the tractor 1 before turning. The operation of stopping the rotation and restarting the rotation of the PTO shaft 2 again after the turn can be omitted, so that the work efficiency is improved.

根菜掘取機を装着したトラクタの側面図Side view of a tractor equipped with a root crop excavator 根菜掘取機の左側面図Left side view of root crop excavator 根菜掘取機の右側面図Right side view of root crop excavator 根菜掘取機の平面図Top view of root crop excavator 根菜掘取機の伝動機構図Transmission mechanism diagram of root crop excavator 根菜掘取機の別実施例の左側面図Left side view of another embodiment of root crop excavator 根菜掘取機の別実施例の左側面図Left side view of another embodiment of root crop excavator

２６掘取刃（掘取部材）
３２搬送コンベア（搬送装置）
３３支持プレート
３６ガイドプレート
４３仕切板（仕切部材）
４５仕切板シリンダ
４６切替スイッチ（切替装置）
４９載置台
５０排出部シリンダ
５６油圧モータ
５７排出装置
５８ａ正送油ケーブル
５８ｂ逆送油ケーブル
６０正逆転レバー
７０油圧ポンプ 26 digging blade (digging material)
32 Conveyor (Conveyor)
33 support plate
36 Guide plate 43 Partition plate (partition member)
45 partition plate cylinder 46 changeover switch (switching device)
49 mounting table
50 discharge cylinder
56 hydraulic motor 57 discharge device
58a oil feed cable
58b reverse oil feeding cable
60 forward / reverse lever
70 hydraulic pump

Claims

A digging member (26) for digging root vegetables from the farm field is provided, and a conveying device (32) for conveying the root vegetables digged back to the rear of the digging member (26) is provided, and the conveying device (32) In the root crop excavator provided with a discharge device (57) for receiving root vegetables at the rear and discharging the root vegetables to the field in the direction of the outside of the machine body, a partition member (43 for preventing root vegetables from falling on the transport start end side of the transport device (32)) ), A root crop excavator characterized in that it can be switched between a fall prevention state and a storage state.

Said partition member (43) retractable partition plate cylinder for switching the receiving state and anti-drop action state (45) is provided, provided the switching device for switching the expansion and contraction of the partition plate cylinder (45) and (46) The root crop excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is characterized in that:

The discharge device (57) is provided with a hydraulic motor (56) that can be rotated forward and backward, a hydraulic pump (70) that supplies oil to the hydraulic motor (56) is provided, and the hydraulic pump (70) and the hydraulic motor (56) are provided. The forward or reverse lever (60) for switching the oil feeding direction of the hydraulic pump (70) is provided while being connected by a normal oil feeding cable (58a) and a reverse oil feeding cable (58b). 2. Root crop excavator as described in 2.

A mounting table (49) of the discharging device (57) is provided below the discharging device (57), and a rotation fulcrum is provided on the rear side of the machine body of the mounting table (49). The root vegetable excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a retractable discharge cylinder (50) provided at a lower portion of the mounting base (49).

Support plates (33, 33) are provided on both left and right sides of the transport device (32) and on the upper rear side so as to be rotatable in the left-right direction, and transported to the left and right support plates (33, 33) by the transport device (32). The root vegetable excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a guide plate (36, 36) for collecting the root vegetables in a predetermined range.