JP2009011296A - Grapevine trellis, and grape cultivating method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grapevine trellis enabling performance of work such as caring grape trees and harvesting without moving a long distance. <P>SOLUTION: This grapevine trellis for cultivating grapes is such that a grapevine trellis main body 1 is formed from a plurality of props 2 which are circularly arranged in a standing condition at intervals, and circle crossbars 3 which are almost horizontally attached to between the props 2, spanning a plurality of high and low stages. The grapevine trellis is suitable for cultivating grapes in a garden of a household because of enabling grape cultivation without the need of a wide place, and also the grapevine trellis enables performance of work from the inside and outside of the grape vine trellis without moving a long distance to facilitate work of maintenance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grape shelf that can be easily maintained and a method for growing grapes using the grape shelf.

Since grapes cultivated as a raw material for food and wine are vine plants, they are conventionally grown using grape shelves.
The conditions of the grape shelf for growing grapes include easy growth, maintenance and fertilization of seedlings, uniform sunlight on the entire vine, especially easy harvesting. In order to satisfy these conditions, various grape shelves have been proposed and put into practical use.
For example, the grape shelf described in Patent Document 1 has a structure in which a Y-shaped branch pipe is attached to the upper ends of a plurality of support columns, and the support columns are linearly arranged in accordance with the direction of the branch tubes.
And the mother branch extending from the main branches planted along the pillars is extended along the lower surface of the vinyl sheet, and the new tree grown from the mother branch is extended along the inclined surface of the vinyl. Since the operation | work which supports a new treetop by the wire which comprises is unnecessary, it has the effect that the cultivation operation | work of a grape can be performed easily.

The grape shelf described in Patent Document 2 is provided with a plurality of frames in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the columns on the upper side of the columns arranged in a straight line, and between both ends of the frames provided on each column. The vine shelves are connected to each other by strips, and the main branches branched from the main branches are fixed to the wire rods, and the new treetops generated from the mother branches are bridged to the end of each frame. By fixing to the wire rod, a large number of new shoots generating grape bunches are easily generated with a space between them, so that it is possible to produce a large amount of high-quality grapes.
JP-A-9-94032 JP-A-5-65128

However, since the grape shelves described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are all configured with a plurality of columns arranged in a straight line, when cultivating a lot of vines, the distance between the arranged columns becomes long. There is a problem that requires a large area to grow grapes.
In the cultivation of grapes, the main branches branched from the main trunk, the sub-branches and mother branches extending from the main branches, unnecessary sub-branches and mother branches, pruning of new shoots, and pesticide spraying When a worker who has been working on the front side of the grape shelf turns to the back side and works again, the grape shelf in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is required. If the total length of the shelf is long, it takes time to bypass the end of the vine shelf and move to the back side of the vine shelf, or the worker must move a long distance, resulting in poor work efficiency. There is a problem that the worker gets tired early.
The present invention has been made to remedy such problems, and provides a grape shelf and a method for growing grapes using the grape shelf that can be used for the maintenance and harvesting of vines without moving over a long distance. It is the purpose.

The grape shelf of the present invention is a grape shelf for cultivating grapes, and is attached substantially horizontally across a plurality of upper and lower columns between the columns, with a plurality of columns arranged in a ring at intervals. The main body of the vine shelf is composed of a ring-shaped recumbent rib.

With the above configuration, it is possible to cultivate grapes without requiring a large space, so it is optimal for cultivating grapes in home gardens and vegetable gardens, etc. Since it can be assembled in a short time and the structure is simple, a grape shelf can be provided at a low cost.
In addition, since the vine shelf body is formed in an annular shape, work can be done from inside and outside the vine shelf by diving between the ledges, so that the stanchion is moved for work compared to the vine shelves arranged in a straight line The working distance and working time can be greatly shortened, and since the upper surface of the grape shelf main body is open, it is not necessary to bend and work, so that the worker does not get tired early.
In addition, since the column and reed are manufactured in a disassembled state and are assembled on site, they can be packed in a compact manner, reducing the cost of transportation and storage.

The method for cultivating grapes using the vine shelf of the present invention is a vine cultivation method for cultivating grapes using a vine shelf, and a plurality of struts erected in a ring at intervals, and struts A young vine tree is vegetated inside or outside the main body of the vine shelf, which is composed of a ring-shaped reed that is mounted almost horizontally across the upper and lower tiers. As a branch, it is attracted in a circular shape along each recumbent, and the new tree extending from the main branch is pruned at an appropriate interval, and the remaining new tree is attracted upward along the column as a sub-main branch. When the growth of the sub-main branch stops at the beginning of the fall of the year, the sub-main branch is pruned leaving one sprout at the base of the sub-main branch, and in the next year, the sprout left at the base of the sub-main branch is renewed. When the growth of the sub-main branch of Akiguchi stops in the next fiscal year, pruning the sub-main branch again leaving one bud at the base of the sub-main branch Then, in the next fiscal year, the buds left at the base of the sub-main branch are grown as new sub-main branches, and as a result of this sub-branch, grapes are set on the mother branch. It was designed to form the vine and harvest the vine.

By the above method, these operations can be performed from both the outside and inside of the vine shelf body, and the operation can be performed while moving to the inside or outside of the vine shelf body while diving between the columns. Compared with the case where the grape shelves arranged in the above are cared for, the distance and time for the worker to move for work can be greatly reduced.
In addition, because the tree shape is formed along the main body of the substantially cylindrical grape shelf, it is easy to care for, so it is easy to care for, and the entire leaf is exposed to sunlight, so it is possible to harvest good quality grapes. The yield can be increased.

According to the grape shelf of the present invention, skill is not required for the assembling work of the grape shelf body, so that it can be easily assembled in a cultivation place such as a garden or an open area.
Moreover, according to the method for cultivating grapes using the grape shelf of the present invention, by forming a tree shape along the substantially cylindrical grape shelf body, it is easy to care for and the like is easy to care for, and the entire leaf As the sun shines evenly, good quality grapes can be harvested and the yield can be increased.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a grape shelf, FIG. 2 is a front view of a connecting means for connecting a supporting column and a recumbent constituting the grape shelf, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the cultivation method of a grape.
The grape shelf main body 1 shown in FIG. 1 is composed of a plurality of struts 2 whose lower end portions are buried in the ground, and a plurality of stages, for example, five stages of reeds 3 laid across the struts 2 almost horizontally. These are all formed of a resin pipe such as a vinyl chloride pipe or a pipe material in which the surface of a metal pipe is covered with a resin film.

Each strut 2 has a diameter of about 3 m, for example, and is annularly planted so that the distance between the struts 2 is 40 to 50 cm. The taper gradually decreases in diameter toward the upper side so as not to break or collapse due to a typhoon or the like. Of course, it may be formed in a cylindrical shape having substantially the same upper and lower diameters.
The reed 3 spanned horizontally between the columns 2 is formed in an annular shape in which the lower side of the column 2 has a large diameter and gradually decreases in diameter as it goes up, and both ends are shown in FIG. Thus, they are connected to each other by a joint 4.
The bottom rail 3 provided at the bottom is fixed to each support column 2 at a height of about 10 cm from the ground surface. When the vine grows large and a large load acts on the vine shelf body 1, the vine shelf body Even if 1 sinks, the lower horizontal rail 3 is grounded to prevent the grape shelf body 1 from sinking further.
The height from the bottom row 3 to the second row 3 is about 30 cm, and the distance between the second row and the upper row 3 is set to about 40 to 60 cm. In the case where four ledges 3 are provided on the column 2, the total height of the grape shelf is about 1.6 to 2.2 m from the ground surface, so that the height is just right for the worker to stand and work.

In addition, the intersections of the support columns 2 and the reeds 3 are connected to each other by the connecting means 5, and the upper ends of the support columns 2 protrude upward from the upper reed 3 by about 20 cm. It is designed to be easily locked to the upper end of the column 2.
The whole connecting means 5 is formed of a wire material such as a steel wire having high elasticity such as a piano wire, and almost fits to the outer peripheral surface of the support column 2 at the top as shown in FIGS. A reverse U-shaped curved portion 5a is formed, and a pair of arcuate portions 5b that hold the outer periphery of the horizontal cage 3 over almost a half circumference are formed on the lower side of the curved portion 5a.
The lower part of the arcuate part 5b is connected to the two straight parts 5c, and a curved part 5d is formed at the lower end of one straight part 5c.
A hook 5e is formed at the tip of the lower curved portion 5d. By hooking the hook 5e on a locking ring 5f formed at the lower end of the other straight portion 5c, the support column 2 and the reed 3 are It can be linked to each other.

Next, a method for assembling the above-configured grape shelf and a method for vine cultivation using the grape shelf will be described.
The grape shelf main body 1 is produced by separately producing a straight column 2 and an annular ridge 3 and assembling it at the place where the grape is cultivated, but the ridge 3 having a diameter of about 3 m is inconvenient for transportation and storage. It is divided into a plurality of pieces in advance, and is connected in an annular shape using a joint 4 at a cultivation place.
When assembling the grape shelf body 1, a circle with a diameter of about 3m is drawn on the ground centering on the place where the vine is planted, and the columns 2 are planted at intervals of 40 to 50 cm along this circle. When the grape shelf body 1 is assembled in a tapered shape as shown in FIG. 1, the upper end side of each column 2 is slightly inclined inward.

Next, when the pre-assembled reed 3 is mounted along the outer peripheral surface of the support 2 from the upper end side of each support 2, the first reed 3 is about 10 cm above the ground surface. In the state where the second stage reed 3 is temporarily fixed, for example, 30 cm above the first stage, the connecting means 5 is used to make the first stage The second stage reed 3 is fixed as shown in FIGS.
When the 1st and 2nd stage horizontal rods 3 are fixed to all the columns 2, the third to fifth level horizontal beams 3 are also fixed to the respective columns 2 one after another in the same manner as described above, as shown in FIG. Assemble the grape shelf body 1 like this.
When the assembly of the vine shelf main body 1 is completed, a young vine tree is planted almost in the center of the vine shelf main body 1 as shown in FIG.

When the height of the main trunk 6 of the young tree reaches a certain level, for example, about 40 cm, two new treetops extending from the upper part of the main trunk 6 are left as the main branches 6a, and the other new treetops are pruned.
In the first year, as shown in FIG. 4, the two main branches 6 a are extended horizontally in the opposite direction and are attracted from the outside of the grape shelf main body 1 to the second side ridge 3 of the grape shelf main body 1. Until the main branch 6a reaches the recumbent 3, the main branch 6a is cured using an auxiliary rod or the like so that the main branch 6a is not broken in the middle, and the leading end of the main branch 6a reaches the second recumbent 3 Then, it fixes to the recumbent ridge 3 or the support | pillar 2 with the binding means 7 which consists of a string-like thing.
In addition, by pulling the main branch 6a from the outside of the grape shelf body 1 to the horizontal bar 3, the load of the main branch 6a is supported by the horizontal bar 3. Therefore, the load of the main branch 6a acting on the binding means 7 can be reduced. As a result, even if the bundling means 7 deteriorates due to secular change, the main branch 6a can be prevented from sagging.

As shown in FIG. 5, many shoots of the new treetops sprout from the main branch 6a in which the grape shelf main body 1 is almost half a week as shown in FIG. 5, so that only the buds to be left as the sub-main branches 6b are spaced at an interval of about 50 cm. The other buds are scraped off (sprouting), and the nutrients sucked up from the main trunk 6 are concentrated on the main branch 6a and the remaining sub-branch 6b as shown in FIG. Branches 6a and sub-main branches 6b are grown.
The sub-main branch 6b extending upward along the support column 2 is fixed to the support column 2 by the bundling means 7 so as not to be broken by strong winds, and the sprout sprouted from the sub-main branch 6b is sown at an appropriate interval. And manage so that there are not many side branches.
When the growth of the sub-main branch 6b stops at the beginning of the fall of the year, the sub-main branch 6b is set to about 5 cm with one bud 6c germinated from the base of the sub-main branch 6b as shown in FIG. Switch back at the x mark and finish the first year.

In the spring of the next fiscal year (second year), the bud 6c left at the base of the sub-main branch 6b of the previous year starts to grow, so this bud is again attracted upward along the support column 2 as the sub-main branch 6d, As in the first year, the plant grows as shown in FIG. 8 and is fixed to the support column 2 by the bundling means 7 so that the sub-main branch 6d is not broken by strong wind or the like. The shoots are sown and managed so that there are not many side branches, but a part of the new shoots from the sub-main branch 6b grown in the second year, for example, about 2 shoots are left and the result is the main branch 6g. For example, grapes can be harvested from the second year, but the main trunk 6 and main branch 6a are still young and the quality and yield cannot be expected.
Then, when the growth of the sub-main branch 6d stops at the beginning of the next fiscal year, the sub-main branch 6d is left to have a total length of about 5 cm with one bud 6e sprouted from the base of the sub-main branch 6d as shown in FIG. The branch 6d is cut back at the position marked with x, and the work for the next year (second year) is completed.

In the spring of the next year (third year), the bud 6e left at the base of the sub-main branch 6d of the previous year starts to grow, so this bud is again attracted upward along the support column 2 as the sub-main branch 6f, As in the first year and the second year, as shown in FIG. 10, the sprout sprouted from the sub-main branch 6f is fixed to the column 2 by the binding means 7 so that the sub-main branch 6f is not broken by strong winds or the like. Shoot at appropriate intervals and manage so that many side branches do not occur.
In the third year, the main trunk 6 and main branch 2b are enriched, and the power of the sub-main branch 6f extending from the main branch 6b is sufficient. Branch 6g, the remaining sprouts are sprouted so that the mother branch 6g is sufficiently nourished, and as shown in FIG. 10, when the tip of the sub-main branch 6f reaches the top row 3 The tip of the sub-main branch 6g is pruned at the point marked with x.

  On the other hand, the inflorescence attached to the result branch 6h left on the result branch 6g is flowered at the flowering time, and then bears fruit. During this period, a new treetop extended from the sub-main branch 6f and a subtree extended from the result mother branch 6g. By scraping off, the nutrients are prevented from being wasted, and if necessary, artificial pollination and gibberellin treatment are performed.

The above is an operation from planting a vine tree seedling almost at the center of the vine shelf body 1 to forming a tree shape along the pillars 2 and the ridges 3 of the vine shelf body 1, but the tree shape is formed. In the period up to this time, it is necessary to perform operations such as pruning of unnecessary main branches 6a, sub-main branches 6b, 6d, and 6f and the resulting mother branch 6g, fertilization, spraying of agricultural chemicals, and pinching.
During these operations, the operator performs work while diving between the columns 2 and moving from the outside to the inside of the grape shelf main body 1 and vice versa, but the grape shelf main body 1 is formed in an annular shape. Therefore, since these operations can be performed from both the outside and inside of the grape shelf main body 1 and the operation can be performed while moving the inside or outside of the grape shelf main body 1, the conventional grape shelf in which the support columns are arranged in a straight line. As compared with the case where the work is performed while moving from the outside to the inside of the vine shelf and vice versa, the distance that the operator moves for the work can be greatly shortened.
As a result, the working time can be shortened, so that the working efficiency is remarkably improved, the working height is about 2 m, and the upper surface of the grape shelf main body 1 is opened so that the user can bend and work. Since it is not necessary, the worker does not get tired early.

Grape trees that have been cared for in the manner described above will grow after the fruit branch 6h after approximately 3 years. As a result, grape bunches are formed on the branch 6h. However, the vines with a tree shape formed along the grape shelf body 1 are easy to work as described above, and the entire leaves are exposed to sunlight. It can be harvested and the yield can be increased.
Also, in the fall when the grapes were harvested in the third year, the main branch 6f with the mother branch 6g as a result of harvesting the grapes was pruned to prepare for the next year, but all the sub-branches 6f were pruned. In this case, since the next year cannot be harvested, as shown in FIG. 11, for example, every other main branch 6g is selected from the base, and the remaining sub main branch 6g is about 5 cm with one bud remaining. Cut off the main branch 6g.
As a result, in the fourth year, the sprout 6j left on the sub-main branch 6g grows to become the sub-main branch 6, and the new shoots extended by this sub-main branch become the main branch, and the grape can be harvested. The yield is halved.
If you want to rest for one year, all the main branch 6g is pruned from the base, and in the following year, the new shoots sprouted from the main branch 6b are grown to become sub-main branches. Harvesting can be done.

In the above-described embodiment, two main branches 6b are extended in the opposite direction from the main trunk 6 of the young tree planted almost at the center of the grape shelf main body 1 and are attracted to the grape shelf main body 1. Three or more main branches 6b may be extended and attracted to the grape shelf body 1.
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the case where one vine was planted and cultivated in the approximate center of the vine shelf main body 1 was demonstrated, one or more along the support | pillar 2 in the vicinity of the support | pillar 2 of the vine shelf main body 1 was demonstrated. Of course, it may be cultivated by the above-mentioned cultivation method in a state where a vine is planted.

It is a perspective view of the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged front view which shows the connection metal fitting of the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the first year which shows the cultivation method of the grape which uses the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the first year which shows the cultivation method of the grape which uses the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is expansion | deployment explanatory drawing of the first year which shows the cultivation method of the grape which uses the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is expansion | deployment explanatory drawing of the first year which shows the cultivation method of the grape which uses the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is expansion | deployment explanatory drawing of the following fiscal year which shows the cultivation method of the grape which uses the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is expansion | deployment explanatory drawing of the following fiscal year which shows the cultivation method of the grape which uses the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is expansion | deployment explanatory drawing of the following fiscal year which shows the cultivation method of the grape which uses the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention. It is expansion | deployment explanatory drawing of the following fiscal year which shows the cultivation method of the grape which uses the grape shelf which becomes embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grape shelf main body 2 Support | pillar 3 Recumbent 4 Joint 5 Connection means 6 Main trunk of vine 6a Main branch 6b Sub main branch 6c Bud 6d Sub main branch 6e Bud 6f Sub main branch 6g Resulting main branch 6h Result branch

Claims (2)

A grape shelf for cultivating grapes, a plurality of pillars standing in an annular shape with a space between them, and a ring-shaped reed attached substantially horizontally across the upper and lower stages between the pillars A grape shelf characterized by the structure of the main body. A method for cultivating grapes using grape shelves, with a plurality of pillars standing in a ring at intervals, and being mounted almost horizontally across the upper and lower stages. A vine tree is vegetated inside or outside the main body of the vine shelf composed of an annular ridge, and a new treetop extending from the main trunk of the shoot is used as a main branch, and the shape of the tree is almost circular. Attracting, pruning the new shoots extending from the main branch at an appropriate interval, attracting the remaining new shoots as sub-main branches along the struts, and at the beginning of the year When the growth of the branch stops, the sub-main branch is pruned leaving one sprout at the base of the sub-main branch, and the next year, the sprout left at the base of the sub-main branch is grown as a new sub-main branch. When the growth of the sub-main branch stops in the fall of the year, leave one sprout at the base of the sub-main branch, In the next fiscal year, the buds left at the base of the sub-main branch are grown as new sub-main branches, and the grapes are set on the mother branch as a result of the sub-main branches. A method for cultivating grapes, characterized in that the formation of vine trees and the harvesting of grapes are carried out.

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