JP2008539004A - 埋込型医療装置と通信するためのシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
埋込型医療装置と通信するためのシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/37211—Means for communicating with stimulators
- A61N1/37217—Means for communicating with stimulators characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
- A61N1/37223—Circuits for electromagnetic coupling
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- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
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- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/37211—Means for communicating with stimulators
- A61N1/37252—Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data
- A61N1/37276—Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data characterised by means for reducing power consumption during telemetry
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- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
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Abstract
Description
本明細書は、2005年4月27日出願の米国特許出願第11/116,108号に対する優先権の利益を主張し、これらの仮出願の全体を参照によりここに援用する。
図1には、外部装置200の1次遠隔計測コンポーネントと、埋込型医療装置100が示されている。この機能ブロック図では、これらのコンポーネントは、装置ごとに同じものであるとして示されている。この例示的実施形態では、外部装置と埋込型装置は、遠隔計測だけでなく装置の運転全体を管理するマイクロプロセッサやデータ/プログラム記憶用メモリを含んだコントローラ102a又は102bをそれぞれ有する、マイクロプロセッサ・ベースの装置である。このコントローラで実行されるコードはまた、以下に説明するデューティ・サイクル管理スキームも実装している。埋込型装置100はおそらく、ペースメーカ又は埋込型電気除細動器/細動除去器などの心律動管理装置であり、外部装置200はおそらく、外部プログラマ又は遠隔モニタなどのデータ収集装置である。ユーザー・インターフェース300(キーボードやモニタなど)によって、臨床医などの使用者は外部装置の操作を指示することができる。
埋込型医療装置の無線遠隔計測システムは一般に、複数のネットワーク参加者が使用可能な無線媒体の帯域を共用している、多重アクセス・ネットワークである。所期の受信者へデータを送信する前に、各ネットワーク参加者が媒体への排他的なアクセスを獲得できるように、媒体アクセス制御(MAC)プロトコルを決めることができる。2つ以上の参加者が同時に送信を試みると、衝突が生じる。あるネットワークでは、送信が開始されたときに、他のネットワーク活動が存在しているか見極めるために媒体をリスンしている送信者によって衝突が検出される。衝突が検出されると、送信者は送信を中止し、再度試す前に、無作為又は決められた期間の間待機する。しかし、大部分の無線送受信器は、半二重モードで動作し、進行中のネットワーク活動に対して送信とリスンを同時に行うことができない。したがって、無線ネットワークのMACプロトコルは一般に、衝突発生の確率を最小限にするために、帯域外信号又はハンドシェーク・プロトコルを使用する。後者のタイプのプロトコル例では、衝突を避けるために、図2に示されている4重のRTS−CTS−DS−ACK交換が使用される。特定の受信者にメッセージを送信したいネットワーク参加者はまず、送信要求(RTS)フレームを送信し、決められた期間の間、所期の受信者からの送信可(CTS)フレームを待つ。RTS又はCTSフレームのどちらかを聞いている他のすべてのネットワーク参加者は、その送信を延期する。CTS応答を受信すると、送信者は、媒体が排他的に獲得されたと推定して、次いで、受信者へのデータ・セグメント(DS)の送信を開始する。データがエラーなく受信されると、受信者は確認応答(ACK)フレームで応答する。このフレームによって、別の参加者によるアクセスに対して媒体が解放される。本発明は、様々な実施形態において、上記の媒体アクセス制御プロトコルの任意の文脈でうまく機能することができる。
Claims (20)
- 埋込型医療装置と外部装置の間の高周波(RF)通信を可能にするための遠隔計測システムであって、
前記埋込型装置と前記外部装置にそれぞれ組み込まれた、アンテナ、RF送信器、RF受信器、コントローラと、
前記埋込型装置に組み込まれたウェイクアップ・タイマとを備え、
前記RF送信器と前記RF受信器が、その電源の入切を可能にするために、前記埋込型装置内の前記コントローラにインターフェースで接続され、
前記外部装置が、前記埋込型装置との通信セッションを確立するために、ウェイクアップ特殊文字と装置IDの繰り返しシーケンスを含んだデータ・セグメントを送信するようにプログラムされ、
前記埋込型装置が、前記ウェイクアップ・タイマで決められた周期的な間隔で、指定された時間ウインドウの間、その送信器と受信器の電源を入れ、前記外部装置から送信された前記ウェイクアップ特殊文字のうちの1つを受信するのを待つようにプログラムされ、
前記埋込型装置が、特殊文字を1つ受信すると連続するウェイクアップ特殊文字を受信し続ける限り、その送信器と受信器を電源が入った状態に維持し、前記装置IDが自身のIDに合致した場合前記外部装置に確認応答信号を送信し、次いで、前記外部装置からの応答を指定された時間ウインドウ待つようにプログラムされ、
前記外部装置と前記埋込型装置が、前記確認応答信号に対する応答が前記埋込型装置によって受信されると、通信セッションを確立するようにプログラムされるシステム。 - 前記装置IDが、特定の埋込型装置に対する一意のウェイクアップ文字を使用することによって前記ウェイクアップ文字に組み込まれる請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記装置IDが、前記ウェイクアップ文字後のデータ・セグメントに含まれる請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記外部装置と前記埋込型装置の前記RF送信器及び前記RF受信器が、周波数で区分けされた多重通信チャンネルの間で切り替えることができる請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記多重チャンネルの1つが、通信セッションを確立するためのウェイクアップ・チャンネル専用で使用され、残りのチャンネルが、確立された通信セッションを継続するためのデータ・チャンネルである請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記外部装置が、RTSフレーム、CTSフレーム、前記データ・セグメントを前記ウェイクアップ・チャンネルを介して送信するようにプログラムされ、前記埋込型装置が、ACKフレームを前記ウェイクアップ・チャンネルを介して送信することによって応答するようにプログラムされる請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記ACKフレームを前記外部装置から前記ウェイクアップ・チャンネルを介して受信した後、前記外部装置が、前記PGに応答し通信セッションを確立するために、前記ウェイクアップ・チャンネルへのアクセスアクセス権を争奪するようにプログラムされる請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 前記外部装置が、前記埋込型装置と通信セッションを確立した後、使用可能なデータ・チャンネルを検出し、送信前記データ・チャンネルIDを前記PGにウェイクアップ・チャンネルを介して送信し、さらに通信を行うために前記選択したデータ・チャンネルに切り替えるようにプログラムされる請求項7に記載のシステム。
- 前記埋込型装置と前記外部装置が、DCバランス・データ・ストリームを形成する伝送コードによって通信する請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記伝送コードが8b/10bである請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 外部装置が埋込型医療装置と通信する方法であって、
前記埋込型装置と通信セッションを確立するために、前記外部装置からウェイクアップ特殊文字と装置IDの繰り返しシーケンスを含んだデータ・セグメントを送信するステップを含み、前記埋込型装置が、周期的な間隔で指定された時間ウインドウの間、その送信器と受信器の電源を入れ、前記外部装置から送信された前記ウェイクアップ特殊文字の中の1つの受信を待ち、
前記埋込型装置が、特殊文字を1つ受信すると連続するウェイクアップ特殊文字を受信し続ける限りその送信器と受信器を電源が入った状態に維持し、前記装置IDが自身のIDに合致した場合、前記外部装置に確認応答信号を送信し、次いで、前記外部装置からの応答を指定された期間待ち、さらに
前記確認応答信号に対する応答が前記埋込型装置によって受信されると、通信セッションを確立するステップを含む方法。 - 前記装置IDが、特定の埋込型装置に対する一意のウェイクアップ文字を使用することによって前記ウェイクアップ文字に組み込まれる請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記装置IDが、前記ウェイクアップ文字後のデータ・セグメントに含まれる請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記外部装置と前記埋込型装置の前記RF送信器と前記RF受信器が、周波数で区分けされた多重通信チャンネルの間で切り替えることができる請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記多重チャンネルの1つが、通信セッションを確立するためのウェイクアップ・チャンネル専用で使用され、残りのチャンネルが、確立された通信セッションを継続するためのデータ・チャンネルである請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記外部装置が、RTSフレーム、CTSフレーム、前記データ・セグメントを前記ウェイクアップ・チャンネルを介して送信し、前記埋込型装置が、ACKフレームを前記ウェイクアップ・チャンネルを介して送信することによって応答する請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記ACKフレームを前記外部装置から前記ウェイクアップ・チャンネルを介して受信した後、前記外部装置が、前記PGに応答し通信セッションを確立するために、前記ウェイクアップ・チャンネルへのアクセス権を争奪する請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記外部装置が、前記埋込型装置と通信セッションを確立した後、使用可能なデータ・チャンネルを検出し、前記データ・チャンネルIDを前記PGにウェイクアップ・チャンネルを介して送信し、さらに通信を行うために前記選択したデータ・チャンネルに切り替える請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記埋込型装置と前記外部装置が、DCバランス・データ・ストリームを形成する伝送コードによって通信する請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記伝送コードが8b/10bである請求項19に記載の方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/116,108 US7664553B2 (en) | 2005-04-27 | 2005-04-27 | System and method for enabling communications with implantable medical devices |
US11/116,108 | 2005-04-27 | ||
PCT/US2006/014957 WO2006116004A1 (en) | 2005-04-27 | 2006-04-20 | System and method for communications with implantable medical devices |
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JP2008539004A true JP2008539004A (ja) | 2008-11-13 |
JP5102761B2 JP5102761B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
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JP2008508947A Expired - Fee Related JP5102761B2 (ja) | 2005-04-27 | 2006-04-20 | 埋込型医療装置と通信するためのシステム及び方法 |
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US (2) | US7664553B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1901805A1 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2006116004A1 (ja) |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1901805A1 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
US7664553B2 (en) | 2010-02-16 |
US20100121414A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
US8055350B2 (en) | 2011-11-08 |
US20060247736A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
WO2006116004A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
JP5102761B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
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