JP2008516301A - 自動車シート上の対象物を検出するための装置 - Google Patents
自動車シート上の対象物を検出するための装置 Download PDFInfo
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- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
- B60R21/01556—Child-seat detection systems
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Abstract
Description
−立体カメラシステムは1つ又は複数のカメラを使用する。複数のカメラはハードウェアコストを著しく増加させる。
−多数のアプローチが自動車内部を照明するための補助光源を使用する。これもハードウェアコストを増加させる。
−立体視の理論上の制限により、2つのカメラは互いに隣接しなければならない。これは、コンパクトなシステムモジュールの設計を困難にする。
−立体視システム(ステレオビジョンシステム)は、含まれるカメラの配置を歪める全ての物理的衝撃に極めて敏感である。
−たいていの立体視技術の3D再構成は基本的に組織対応適合に基づくので、たいていの立体視アプローチは、対象物がその表面に組織を有しない場合ターゲット対象物の形状を再構成することができない。
−満足のいく深さ解像度を得るために、たいていの立体視技術は、より幅広いデータ帯域幅とより速い計算力を要することで全体のシステムコストを増加させるサブピクセル空間解決法を使用する。
−立体視に不可欠な、徹底的な探索・三角測量プロセスがシステムコストに影響する。
−たいていの立体視技術は複雑なカメラ補正を要する。
ここで、少なくとも2つの対象物クラスは3つの以下の対象物クラス、
−前方の運転方向に配置されたチャイルドシート、
−後方の運転方向に配置されたチャイルドシート、
−大人
を有する複数の対象物クラスから選択される。
EGIは離散したガウス球面にわたって計算された表面垂線のヒストグラムである。表面垂線はPSMの計算の間に難なく得られるのに対し(図4参照)、後向きチャイルドシートは他の2つのクラスからの1つのクラスから表面方向の異なる点を有すると考えられる。ヒストグラムはそれぞれ90°の場所(ビン)に分かれており、それぞれの場所に属する法線ベクトルの数が計算される。
対象物のトップから突出した相対的な深さのプロフィールも特徴として使用される。カメラ座標系は絶対座標系とは異なるので、絶対座標系のz軸に沿って突出した深さプロフィールを提供するために、3つの部分(パン角、チルト角及びロール角)を表す所与の回転行列により回転変換が実行される。視点を変化させる簡単な図が図5aに示されている。カメラ補正は絶対座標原点に対する回転行列Rをもたらす。原則として、全ての3次元特徴は回転変換され、トップから正しく見られる。
対象物表面をうまく回復することで、表面上の3つの極値(図5bで定められたE1,E2及びE3)が幾つかの役立つ特徴を画定するために使用される。図5bでは、極値E1,E2及びE3はそれぞれ最上点、最前点(左)及び最後点(右)として画定される。広がり軸は重心と極値の間の直線である。したがって、広がり角(αz1、αx2及びαx3)が広がり軸と座標系の間の角度として画定される一方、相対的な広がり角(β12、β13及びβ23)は広がり軸それら自体の間の角度である。これらの2つの角度特徴と広がり軸の長さは分類装置のための重要な特徴として使用される。図4d、図4e及び図4fに幾つかの例を示す。
x軸に沿った極大値E1の相対位置は、他の2つのクラスの代わりに後向きチャイルドシートクラスを特定するための良い手がかりである。図5bに示されるように、相対位置PE1はPE1=WE1/Wとして簡単に定められる。ここで、W及びWE1はそれぞれ、対象物の幅と、E1とE3の間のx軸に沿う距離を示す。
対象物の後ろで何が起こるかを確認することはできないので、対象物の体積を確定することは困難である。対象物が平坦な背中面を有すると推測される場合でも、ターゲットの体積はいまだ分割結果に極めて敏感である。したがって、3次元表面領域の2次元境界領域に対する比は、対象物の体積が大きくなるに連れて増大する体積比として画定される。平坦な背中面、対象物を取り囲む六面体に対する対象物体積の割合又はコンパクト性の推定はその体積の頑強な見積もりをも与える。
標準化中心モーメントとHuモーメントの3つの低次の成分が、幅、高さ及び対象物境界に沿う特徴として選択される。
前向きチャイルドシート(FFCS):エラー率14.2%、好ましいエラー:RFCS(99.5%)
後向きチャイルドシート(RFCS):エラー率15.4%、好ましいエラー:RRCS(90.0%)
大人: エラー率0.725%、好ましいエラー:RFCS(68.3%)
前向きチャイルドシート(FFCS):エラー率10.1%、好ましいエラー:RFCS(100.0%)
後向きチャイルドシート(RFCS):エラー率13.7%、好ましいエラー:RRCS(91.7%)
大人: エラー率0.0%
β 広がり角
E 極値
W 距離
Claims (4)
- 対象物の2次元表現を生成するための処理ユニットとカメラを有する、自動車シート上の対象物を検出する装置であって、
装置が少なくとも2つの照明源をさらに有し、当該照明源は、対象物が様々な方向から照明されるように位置決めされ、
処理ユニットが、それぞれが様々な照明条件下で生成された2つの2次元表現から対象物の3次元表現を生成するのに適していることを特徴とする装置。 - 処理ユニットが、それぞれが様々な照明条件下で生成された2つの2次元表現から対象物の3次元表現を生成するのに適しており、様々な照明条件は異なる数のアクティブ照明源により作られることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
- 処理ユニットが、検出される対象物に少なくとも2つの対象物クラスから1を割り当てるのに適し、
少なくとも2つの対象物クラスは、以下の3つの対象物クラス、
−前方運転方向に配置されたチャイルドシート、
−後方運転方向に配置されたチャイルドシート、
−大人、
を有する複数の対象物クラスから選択されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の装置。 - 処理ユニットは、自動車シート上の装置が割り当てられた対象物クラスの信号を処理ユニット自体又は別な装置により実行されるタスクに送り、
このタスクの実行の事実及び/又は様式は自動車シート上の装置が割り当てられた対象物クラスに依存することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102004043418.2 | 2004-09-06 | ||
DE102004043418 | 2004-09-06 | ||
PCT/EP2005/005462 WO2006027032A1 (en) | 2004-09-06 | 2005-05-20 | Device for the detection of an object on a vehicle seat |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2008516301A true JP2008516301A (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
JP4756044B2 JP4756044B2 (ja) | 2011-08-24 |
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JP2007529322A Active JP4756044B2 (ja) | 2004-09-06 | 2005-05-20 | 自動車シート上の対象物を検出するための装置 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7379195B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1786654B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4756044B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101115944B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101010224B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005017290D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2334040T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006027032A1 (ja) |
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KR101115944B1 (ko) | 2012-02-13 |
KR20070050053A (ko) | 2007-05-14 |
US7379195B2 (en) | 2008-05-27 |
EP1786654A1 (en) | 2007-05-23 |
CN101010224B (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
DE602005017290D1 (de) | 2009-12-03 |
EP1786654B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 |
US20070206836A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
WO2006027032A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
JP4756044B2 (ja) | 2011-08-24 |
CN101010224A (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
ES2334040T3 (es) | 2010-03-04 |
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