JP2008507990A - Fviiの抱合体 - Google Patents
Fviiの抱合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008507990A JP2008507990A JP2007524339A JP2007524339A JP2008507990A JP 2008507990 A JP2008507990 A JP 2008507990A JP 2007524339 A JP2007524339 A JP 2007524339A JP 2007524339 A JP2007524339 A JP 2007524339A JP 2008507990 A JP2008507990 A JP 2008507990A
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- Prior art keywords
- fvii
- fviia
- peptide
- acid
- derivative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
- C12N9/50—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25)
- C12N9/64—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from animal tissue
- C12N9/6421—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from animal tissue from mammals
- C12N9/6424—Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21)
- C12N9/6437—Coagulation factor VIIa (3.4.21.21)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y304/00—Hydrolases acting on peptide bonds, i.e. peptidases (3.4)
- C12Y304/21—Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21)
- C12Y304/21021—Coagulation factor VIIa (3.4.21.21)
Abstract
【選択図】 なし
Description
ここでのRは、リンカーまたは結合を意味し;
ここでのP’は、FVIIの酵素的な切断による生成物を意味し;
Xは、Yと反応することができる官能基を含むラジカルを意味し;
Yは、Xと反応することができる1以上の官能基を含んでなるラジカルを意味し;
Eは、リンカーまたは結合を意味し;
Aは、XおよびYに含まれる官能基間の反応により形成される部分を意味し;且つ
Zは、ペプチドと結合する部分である。
本文脈において、「ヒドラゾン結合」という用語は、式-C=N-N-の部分を示すものである。
本文脈において、「フェニルヒドラゾン結合」という用語は次式の部分を示すものである。
「PEG」という用語は、分子量が500〜150,000 Daのポリエチレングリコールを指すものであり、例えば、末端OH基がメトキシ基で置換された(mPEGと呼ばれる)ような、それらの類似体も含まれる。
本発明のもう1つの実施形態において、R-Xは、C末端および任意に1以上のアミノ酸において修飾されたペプチドである。非修飾のN末端は、求核剤として作用し、C末端アミドを有するペプチド配列であるペプチドP’に結合する。それ故、配列中のアミノ酸の1つは、さらなる付加がなされてもよい修飾Xを含む。原理的には、ペプチドは任意の長さであり、1以上の修飾されたアミノ酸を含んでよい。
ヒドラジン誘導体 -NH-NH2,
ヒドラジンカルボキシレート誘導体 -O-C(O)-NH-NH2,
セミカルバジド誘導体 -NH-C(O)-NH-NH2,
チオセミカルバジド誘導体 -NH-C(S)-NH-NH2,
炭酸ジヒドラジド誘導体 -NHC(O)-NH-NH-C(O)-NH-NH2,
カルバジド誘導体 -NH-NH-C(O)-NH-NH2,
チオカルバジド誘導体 -NH-NH-C(S)-NH-NH2,
アリールヒドラジン誘導体 -NH-C(O)-C6H4-NH-NH2、および
ヒドラジド誘導体 -C(O)-NH-NH2;
-O-NH2、-C(O)-O-NH2、-NH-C(O)-O-NH2、および-NH-C(S)-O-NH2のようなオキシルアミン誘導体。
XおよびYの適切な組のもう1つの例は、トリアゾール部分を形成するように反応するアジド誘導体(-N3)およびアルキンである。
n、m、およびsは、0〜20の数から独立に選択され、例えば2以上であり;
Q’およびQ’’は、独立に、例えば、水素、メチル、フェニル、ビフェニル、フェノキシフェニル、フェニルカルボキシフェニルを意味する。
BおよびDは、独立に、原子価結合、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-C(O)-NH-、または-NH-C(O)-を意味し;
且つFは、水素を意味するか、またはC1〜6アルキル、C2〜6アルケニル、C2〜6アルキニル、もしくはアリールを意味し、これらは全て、ハロゲン、アミノ、シアノ、およびニトロから選択される1以上の置換基で任意に置換されてよい。
(2S)-2-アミノ-6-(4-オキソ-4-フェニルブチリルアミノ)へキサン酸
4-アセチル-N-((5S)-5-アミノ-5-カルバモイルペンチル)安息香酸
(2S)-2-アミノ-6-(4-オキソ-4-(4-クロロフェニルブチリルアミノ)へキサン酸
3-アセチル-N-((5S)-5-アミノ-5-カルバモイルペンチル)安息香酸、および
2-アセチル-N-((5S)-5-アミノ-5-カルバモイルペンチル)安息香酸、
ならびにそれぞれのアミド誘導体。
且つ、Mは、水素またはC1〜6アルキルを意味する。
(2S)-アミノ-3-[4-(2-オキソプロポキシ)フェニル]プロピオンアミド、
(2S)-アミノ-3-[4-(2-オキソブトキシ)フェニル]プロピオンアミド、
(2S)-アミノ-3-[4-(2-オキソペントキシ)フェニル]プロピオンアミド、および
(2S)-アミノ-3-[4-(4-オキソペントキシ)フェニル]プロピオンアミド、
ならびにそれぞれの酸誘導体から選択される。
且つ、Tは、水素またはC1〜6アルキルを意味する。
前記化合物は、α-アミノ基において適切な保護基PGにより保護されている適切なアミノ酸メチルエステルであって、当業者に既知であり、文献(例えば、T. W. Greene, P. G. M. Wuts, Protective groups in organic synthesis, 2nd ed., 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York)に記載されている、例えば次式で表されるようなアミノ酸メチルエステルから、
例えば、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール、3,4-ジヒドロ-3-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアジン-4-オン、もしくは7-アザベンゾトリアゾールのようなカップリング剤を、例えば、ジイソプロピルカルボジイミドもしくは1-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミドヒドロクロリドのようなカルボジイミドと組み合わせて、例えば、トリエチルアミンもしくはエチルジイソプロピルアミンのような適切な塩基の存在下または非存在下で反応させ、次式のようにエステルを形成する。
前記化合物は、適切な保護基PGによりα-アミノ基が保護された適切なアミノ酸メチルエステルであって、当業者に既知であり、文献(例えば T. W. Greene, P. G. M. Wuts, Protective groups in organic synthesis, 2nd ed., 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York)に記載された、例えば次式で表される化合物のようなアミノ酸メチルエステルを、
前記化合物は、適切な保護基PGによってα-アミノ基が保護されている適切なアミノ酸メチルエステルであって、当業者に既知であり、文献(例えば T. W. Greene, P. G. M. Wuts, Protective groups in organic synthesis, 2nd ed., 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York)に記載されている、例えば次式で表されるようなアミノ酸メチルエステルを、
前記反応は、例えば、炭酸カリウム、ジアザビシクロ[5,4,0]ウンデカ-5-エン、またはtert-ブチルテトラメチルグアニジンのような塩基を用いて、塩基性条件下で、典型的には−78℃および200℃の間の適切な温度で行われてよい。
前記化合物は、適切な保護基PGによりα-アミノ基を保護されている適切な酸であって、当業者に既知であり、文献(例えば T. W. Greene, P. G. M. Wuts, Protective groups in organic synthesis, 2nd ed., 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York)に記載されている、例えば次式のような酸を、
全ての保護基の除去は、当業者に既知であり、文献(例えばT. W. Greene, P. G. M. Wuts, Protective groups in organic synthesis, 2nd ed., 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York)に記載されている方法により、1以上のステップで行われてよい。
都合のよいN-保護システイン誘導体(例えば、エステル、N-(2,4-ジメトキシベンジル)アミド、もしくはN-ビス(シクロプロピル)メチルアミド)または都合のよいN-保護システインアミドを、カルボニル基含有アルキル化剤(R50CO(CH2)nLG’’, LG’’ =ハロゲン、スルホネート(-O-SO2-R51)、ジアルキルスルホニウム、フェニルヨードニウム、またはヒドロキシから選択される求核置換反応に対する脱離基であり、R51は、C1〜6アルキル、部分的または完全にフッ化されたC1〜6アルキル、もしくはアリールを意味し、アルキル、ハロゲン、ニトロ、シアノ、もしくはアセトアミドで任意に置換され、R50は、水素、アルキル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールを意味し、前記アリールまたはヘテロアリールは、低級アルコキシ、ヒドロキシ、ハロゲン、シアノ、アシル、アルキル、もしくはニトロで1回以上任意に置換される)を用いて、S-アルキル化システイン誘導体を生じるのに適切な反応条件下で処理する。この誘導体は、酸誘導体のアミドへの変換およびα-アミノ基の脱保護により、アミノ酸アミドへと変換される。適切なN-保護基は、例えば、トリチル、フタロイル、またはtert-ブチルオキシカルボニルのようなアルコキシカルボニル基である。
一般的方法(F):アスパラギン酸またはグルタミン酸からのケト基含有アミノ酸アミドの合成
アスパラギン酸またはグルタミン酸は、N-アルコキシカルボニル誘導体をホルムアルデヒドで処理することにより選択的に保護され、以下に示すような環状エステルを産生する。
前記化合物は、次式のような適切な保護された1級または2級アミンから調製されてよく、
この例は、文献(例えば T. W. Greene, P. G. M. Wuts, Protective groups in organic synthesis, 2nd ed., 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York)において見られる。
例えば、5〜50℃または室温のような適切な温度で、問題とするペプチドの溶液(最終濃度1〜10mM)および問題とする求核剤(最終濃度10mM〜2M)を、低濃度のEDTAを含む水に溶解または懸濁する。
オキシム部分は、問題とするアシル基転移ペプチドを水中に溶解することにより形成されてよく、ここでのRV は、置換型もしくは非置換型の芳香環、置換型もしくは非置換型の芳香族複素環、水素、またはC1〜10アルキルであってよい。溶解性を増加させるために、有機溶媒を加えてよい。前記溶液は、例えばpH 0およびpH 14の間、pH 3およびpH 6またはpH 5の間のような適切なpH値に緩衝され、例えば0〜60℃のような適切な温度に維持される。問題とするヒドロキシルアミンが加えられ、オキシム部分は、以下の反応スキームに従って形成される。
アシルヒドラゾン形成(I)
ヒドラゾン部分は、問題とするアシル基転移ペプチドを水に溶解することにより形成され、ここでのRVIは、置換型もしくは非置換型の芳香環、置換型もしくは非置換型の芳香族複素環、水素、またはC1〜10アルキルである。溶液は、例えばpH 2およびpH 14の間またはpH 0およびpH 4の間のような適切なpH値に緩衝され、例えば0〜60℃のような適切な温度に維持される。問題とするヒドラジドが加えられ、その結果としてヒドラゾンが形成される。
ヒドラゾンは、問題とするアシル基転移ペプチドを水に溶解することにより形成され、式中のRVIIは、置換型もしくは非置換型の芳香環、置換型もしくは非置換型の芳香族複素環、水素、またはC1〜10アルキルであってよい。溶液は、例えばpH 2およびpH 14の間またはpH 0およびpH 4の間のような適切なpH値に緩衝され、例えば0〜60℃のような適切な温度に維持される。問題とするヒドラジンが加えられ、その結果としてヒドラゾンが形成される。
もう1つの実施形態において、前記医薬製剤は、事前の溶解なく使用可能な乾燥製剤である(例えば、凍結乾燥またはスプレードライ)。
本発明のもう1つの実施形態において、前記化合物を含んでなる医薬製剤は、使用について4週間より長い期間、且つ貯蔵については3年より長い期間安定である。
本発明のさらなる実施形態において、前記化合物を含んでなる医薬製剤は、使用について4週間より長い期間、且つ貯蔵については2年より長い期間安定である。
本発明のさらなる実施形態において、前記化合物を含んでなる医薬製剤は、使用について2週間より長い期間、且つ貯蔵については2年より長い期間安定である。
FVIIa軽鎖の自己触媒的なアシル基転移は、反応を阻害し得る1級アミンを含まない適切な緩衝液中における10〜25uMの純粋または半純粋なFVIIチモーゲンを用いて開始され、前記緩衝液は、例えば20 mM HEPES, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM CaCl2, pH 8.0または200 mM Na2CO3, 10 mM CaCl2, pH 9.5であり、この溶液に最終濃度が100mMになるまでL-Phe(4-COCH3)-NH2 を加え、反応混合物を25℃に置く。試料を種々の時点で回収し、重鎖から軽鎖を分離するためのTCEPにより還元した後、RP-HPLCにより進行をモニターし、その結果として、混合物の解析を容易にする。一度、チモーゲンの80%より多くがFVIIaに変換されると(典型的には48〜72時間)、前記反応は、20 mMのEDTAの添加により停止し、完成した混合物を、10カラム容積の20 mM Tris、150 mM NaCl、pH 8.0を用いて洗浄したQ-セファロースカラム上で捕獲し、結合物質を同じ緩衝液中における10カラム容積の0〜50 mM CaCl2 勾配で溶出する。
FSAP (FVII 活性化プロテアーゼ)により媒介されるFVIIa軽鎖のアシル基転移は、本質的には、より遅いFVIIの自己活性化としての例1の加速版である。再び、反応を阻害し得る1級アミンを含まない適切な緩衝液中における10〜25uMの純粋または半純粋なFVIIチモーゲンを用いて開始し、前記緩衝液は、例えば20 mM HEPES, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM CaCl2, pH 8.0または200 mM Na2CO3, 10 mM CaCl2, pH 9.5であり、この溶液に最終濃度がそれぞれ100mMおよび50nMになるまでL-Phe(4-COCH3)-NH2 およびFSAPを加え、反応混合物を25℃でインキュベートする。試料を種々の時点で回収し、重鎖から軽鎖を分離するためのTCEPにより還元した後、RP-HPLCにより進行をモニターし、その結果として、混合物の解析が容易になる。一度、チモーゲンの80%より多くがFVIIaに変換されると(典型的には24時間より長い)、前記反応は、20 mMのEDTAの添加により停止し、完成した混合物を、10カラム容積の20 mM Tris、150 mM NaCl、pH 8.0を用いて洗浄したQ-セファロースカラム上で捕獲し、結合物質を同じ緩衝液中における10カラム容積の0〜50 mM CaCl2 勾配で溶出する。
このアプローチは、FVIIaにおける修飾された活性化部位の導入を要求する。それ故、例えば、PCR (ヒグチ, 1989)またはクイックチェンジ(QuickChange:商標)(インビトロゲン社製)のような最先端の分子生物学的方法を用いて、内因性のFVIIa活性化部位KPQGR152-I153VGGは、オリゴヌクレオチド対を用いて、ソルターゼ A 認識部位(LPQTG152-I153VGG)またはソルターゼ B 認識部位(NPQTN152-I153VGG)に変化してよい:
1. F7 SrtA forw: 5'-
AAAAGAAATGCCAGCCTACCCCAAACCGGTATTGTGGGGGGCAAG-3'
F7 SrtA reverse: 5'-
CTTGCCCCCCACAATACCGGTTTGGGGTAGGCTGGCATTTCTTTT-3'
2. F7 SrtB forw: 5'-
AAAAGAAATGCCAGCAATCCCCAAACCAATATTGTGGGGGGCAAG-3'
F7 SrtB reverse: 5'-
CTTGCCCCCCACAATATTGGTTTGGGGATTGCTGGCATTTCTTTT-3'
得られた生成物は、plRES発現ベクター中でクローン化され、ABI DNAシークエンサーを用いて、色素-デオキシDNA配列決定により確認した。FVIIaは、その後発現され、前述のように精製した(参考文献)。
産生は、反応を妨害し得る1級アミンを含まない緩衝液、例えば20 mM トリス, 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM CaCl2, pH 8.0中における、10〜25μMの純粋または半純粋なFVII (SrtA) または FVII (SrtB)チモーゲン(上述のように調製)を用いて開始する。この溶液に、最終濃度が5mMになるまでGly5-PEG20000を加え、使用されるチモーゲンに依存したSrtA または B (最終濃度1 μM )を加え、還元性のRP-HPLCにより判定した場合に、前記チモーゲンの80%より多くがFVIIaに変換されるまで、混合物を25℃でインキュベートする(典型的には24時間より長い)。その後、最終濃度が20 mMになるまでEDTAを加え、完了した混合物を、10カラム容積の20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH 8.0で洗浄したQ-セファロースカラム上に捕捉し、結合物質は、20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, 20 mM CaCl2, pH 8.0を用いて、Superdex 200ゲルろ過カラム上に直接溶出する。修飾されたまたは非修飾の物質は、修飾された物質が非修飾の物質の3〜4倍の見かけ上の質量を有するので、はっきりと分離するであろう。修飾された物質は、その後、全て当業者に既知の種々の分析法により、FVIIa活性、組織因子結合性、FX活性化活性、および血餅形成を引き起こす能力について特徴付けられてよい。さらに、前記物質は、PKモデルにおいて特徴付けられてよい。
1.FVIIaの誘導体であるP’-R-Xを得る方法であって、FVIIまたはFVIIの変種をR’-Xの存在下で酵素的に切断するステップを含んでなり、酵素的に生成したFVIIaのC末端に-R-Xを結合させる方法:
P’-R-A-E-Z
ここで、式中のRは、リンカーまたは結合を意味し;
式中のP’は、FVIIの酵素的な切断によるFVIIポリペプチド生成物を意味し;
Xは、Yと反応することができる官能基を含んでなるラジカルを意味し;
Yは、Xと反応することができる1以上の官能基を含んでなるラジカルを意味し;
Eは、リンカーまたは結合素意味し;
Aは、XおよびYに含まれる官能基間の反応により形成される部分を意味し;
Zは、ペプチドと結合する部分である。
Claims (20)
- Xが官能基を意味する生成物P’-R-Xが得られる請求項1に記載の方法であって、一般式Y-E-Zの化合物とさらに反応させることにより次式の生成物を得る方法:
P’-R-A-E-Z
ここで、式中のRは、リンカーまたは結合を意味し;
式中のP’は、FVIIの酵素的な切断によるFVIIポリペプチド生成物を意味し;
Xは、Yと反応することができる官能基を含んでなるラジカルを意味し;
Yは、Xと反応することができる1以上の官能基を含んでなるラジカルを意味し;
Eは、リンカーまたは結合素意味し;
Aは、XおよびYに含まれる官能基間の反応により形成される部分を意味し;
Zは、ペプチドと結合する部分である。 - 請求項1または2に記載の方法であって、前記FVIIは、FVIIa自体、FIXa、FSAP、ヘプシン、およびマトリプターゼにより切断される方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法であって、前記XおよびYは、ケトおよびアルデヒド基のようなカルボニル基、ならびに以下のようなアミノ誘導体から選択される方法:アミノ酸、NH-NH2、-NH-NH2、-O-C(O)-NH-NH2、-NH-C(O)-NH-NH2、NH-C(S)-NH-NH2、-NHC(O)-NH-NH-C(O)-NH-NH2、NH-NH-C(O)-NH-NH2、-NH-NH-C(S)-NH-NH2、-NH-C(O)-C6H4-NH-NH2、C(O)-NH-NH2、-O-NH2、-C(O)-O-NH2、-NH-C(O)-O-NH2 、および-NH-C(S)-O-NH2。
- 請求項4に記載の方法であって、前記Yは、アミノ酸、または-NH-NH2、-O-C(O)-NH-NH2、NH-C(O)-NH-NH2、-NH-C(S)-NH-NH2、NHC(O)-NH-NH-C(O)-NH-NH2、-NH-NH-C(O)-NH-NH2、NH-NH-C(S)-NH-NH2、-NH-C(O)-C6H4-NH-NH2、-C(O)-NH-NH2、-O-NH2、-C(O)-O-NH2、-NH-C(O)-O-NH2、および-NH-C(S)-O-NH2の誘導体であり、Xは、ケト-またはアルデヒド-官能基である方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であって、前記R’-Xは、1つのアミノ酸または多数のアミノ酸を含んでなり、該アミノ酸の1つは、誘導体化のためのさらなる官能基を含むように誘導体化されるか、または前記アミノ酸は基Zを含む方法。
- 請求項5に記載の方法であって、前記R’-Xは、G(1〜5) -PEG、G(1〜5) -脂質、G(1〜4) -NH-CH2-CHO、およびG(1〜4) -NH-(CH2)n-O-NH2からなる群より選択され、ここでのnは、例えば2のように、2以上である方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記Zは、PEG または C5〜C24 脂肪酸、脂肪族C5〜C24二価酸である方法。
- 配列番号1または配列番号2の配列を有する、独立したFVIIポリペプチド。
- FVIIa誘導体P’-R-X:
ここでのP’は、FVIIの酵素的切断によるFVIIポリペプチド生成物を意味し;Xは、P’と結合する基を意味するか、またはXは官能基を意味し;Rは、酵素的に生成したFVIIaのC末端に対するリンカーもしくは結合を意味する。 - FVIIa誘導体であるP’-R-A-E-Z:
ここでのP’は、FVIIの酵素的切断によるFVIIポリペプチド生成物を意味し;Eは、リンカーまたは結合を意味し;Aは、化学的部分を意味し;Rは、酵素的に生成したFVIIaのC末端に対するリンカーまたは結合を意味し;且つ、Zは、ペプチドと結合する化学的部分を意味する。 - 請求項11または12に記載のFVIIa誘導体であって、前記P’は、配列番号1または配列番号2の配列を有するFVIIポリペプチドの酵素的切断によるFVIIポリペプチド生成物である誘導体。
- 請求項11〜13のいずれか1に記載のFVIIa誘導体であって、請求項1〜9のいずれか1に記載の方法により作られる誘導体。
- 請求項10に記載のFVIIポリペプチドをコード化する核酸分子。
- 請求項16に記載の核酸分子を含んでなる組み換えベクター。
- 請求項16に記載の核酸分子を含んでなるベクターを含む単細胞宿主生物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、ソルターゼAおよびソルターゼBから選択される酵素が適用される方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法であって、前記Zは、分枝状であり、且つ約10,000 Daおよび40,000 Daの間の分子量を有する1以上のPEGを含む方法。
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PCT/EP2005/053756 WO2006013202A2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2005-08-02 | Conjugation of fvii |
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