JP2008297306A - Wood preservative - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood preservative which is friendly to the environment and has an excellent insect-repellent and/or preservative effect. <P>SOLUTION: The wood preservative is characterized by containing a plant belonging to the genus Uncaria or a treated product thereof. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood preservative, and more specifically, against wood pests such as termites and oyster beetles that erode buildings and furniture that use wood, and decay due to wood decay fungi such as brown rot fungi The present invention relates to an effective wood preservative, a production method thereof, and a preservation method.

  Various wood preservatives are known in order to control wood pests such as termites and oyster beetles, and to prevent decay caused by wood-destroying fungi such as giant crabs and id bamboo. As the active ingredient, various compounds having insect repellent action, wood preservative action, bactericidal action, fungicidal action and the like are known. However, these conventionally known wood preservatives have a high impact on safety and the environment for human livestock, and may destroy natural ecosystems.

  The wood preservative according to the present invention is to provide a wood preservative having a high insecticidal effect against pests and having a high antiseptic property against wood decaying fungi.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a wood preservative that is highly safe for human livestock and does not adversely affect the environment.

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a wood preservative capable of reliably and efficiently controlling wood pests and wood decay fungi.

  The inventors of the present invention are that a plant belonging to the genus Castanea or Commiphora or a processed product thereof has excellent antiseptic action and insect repellent action on wood, Uncaria genus, Sophora A plant belonging to the genus or Styrax or treated product thereof has excellent antiseptic action on wood, and a plant belonging to the genus Coffea or treated product thereof has excellent insecticidal action on wood. The present invention was completed by obtaining new knowledge such as possession and further studies.

  The inventors of the present invention assign wood pests and wood decay fungi to the genus Castanea, Uncaria, Commiphora, Sophora, Styrax or Coffea. It is collected from a plant to which it belongs or a processed product thereof, in particular, a chestnut peel, chestnut seed coat, coffee beans, or a processed product of a certain kind of herbal medicine (for example, cabbage, asenyaku, sanzukon or benzoin) (for example, an extract of herbal medicine or a plant from which the herbal medicine is derived In contact with exudates, etc.), it was discovered that pests or decaying fungi were prevented from growing or died, and the new knowledge was used to complete the wood preservative.

That is, the present invention includes (1) a wood preservative characterized by containing a plant belonging to the genus Castanea or the genus Commiphora or a processed product thereof,
(2) The above-mentioned (1), wherein the treated product of the plant belonging to the genus Castanea is chestnut peel or chestnut seed coat or treated product thereof, and the treated product of the plant belonging to the genus Commiphora is a pesticide or treated product thereof The wood preservatives described,
(3) a wood preservative characterized by containing a plant belonging to the genus Uncaria, the genus Sophora or the genus Styrax, or a processed product thereof,
(4) The processed product of the plant belonging to the genus Uncaria is asenyaku or a processed product thereof, the processed product of the plant belonging to the genus Sophora is a sandskon or a processed product thereof, and belongs to the genus Styrax The preservative for wood according to the above (3), wherein the processed plant product is benzoic acid or a processed product thereof,
(5) An insect repellent for wood comprising a plant belonging to the genus Coffea or a processed product thereof,
(6) The insect repellent for wood according to the above (5), wherein the processed product of the genus Coffea is coffee beans or a processed product thereof,
(7) The wood insect repellent according to (1), (2), (5) or (6) and (8) the wood preservative according to (1) to (7), which prevents termite damage. A method for preserving wood, characterized by contacting with wood;
About.

  According to the present invention, the preparation of the present invention comprising a plant belonging to the genus Castanea or Commiphora or a processed product thereof has excellent antiseptic and insecticidal effects on wood, Uncaria The preparation of the present invention containing a plant belonging to the genus, Sophora genus or Styrax genus, or a treated product thereof, has an excellent antiseptic action on wood, and further belongs to the genus Coffea Or the formulation of this invention containing the processed material shows that it has the outstanding insect-proof action with respect to wood.

  The wood preservative of this invention expresses the outstanding control effect with respect to a pest and a wood decay fungus. Moreover, since an active ingredient is derived from a natural plant, it is highly safe for human livestock and has little adverse effect on the environment.

  According to the production method of the present invention, a wood preservative having excellent characteristics as described above can be obtained by a simple operation such as extraction or leaching.

  According to the control method of the present invention, it is possible to control pests and rot fungi extremely efficiently while ensuring safety.

  The present invention relates to 1) a preservative or insect repellent for wood containing a plant belonging to the genus Castanea, the genus Commiphora or the genus Styrax, or a processed product thereof, and 2) the genus Uncaria or sophora. The present invention provides a wood preservative containing a plant belonging to the genus (Sophora) or a treated product thereof, and 3) a plant insecticide containing the plant belonging to the genus Coffea or a treated product thereof.

  Plants belonging to the genus Styrax include, for example, Styrax benzoides, Styrax tonkinensis, Styrax benzoin, Styrax sumatranus and the like. In addition to herbal medicine having an expectorant action, the resin “benzoic acid” exuded from the trunks of these plants is used in fragrances, cosmetics and the like.

  Plants belonging to the genus Uncaria include, for example, Uncaria gambir and asenyaku. Asenyak is widely distributed in India, with Malay and Sumatra being the main producing areas. It is known to contain components having functions such as convergence and antipruriticity.

  Examples of plants belonging to the genus Sophora include Sophora tonkinensis. Sophora Tonkinensis is a plant that grows in China, and its roots are used as raw materials for the herbal medicine “Yamazu-root”, which has antipyretic and analgesic effects.

  The following can be mentioned as plants and herbal medicines used in the present invention.

  In the present invention, a processed product (for example, extract or exudate) of at least one plant selected from the above-mentioned plants and herbal medicines can be used. As the treated product, those obtained by treating these plants, for example, those obtained by adding artificial means to these plants such as dry cutting, extraction, exudate collection, and pulverization can be used in the present invention. Since the crude drug is a processed product of these plants, it may be used as an active ingredient raw material of the present invention as it is. Furthermore, it is good also as processing of extraction etc. as an active ingredient raw material of this invention. Furthermore, in the case of plant extraction, not only the extract but also the extraction residue can be used as the processed product as the raw material of the present invention.

  In the present specification, “exudate” means not only exudate collected from the trunk of a plant but also substances that exude extensively from these plants. The term “preservation” for fungi is used to mean not only sterilization but also growth inhibition. Further, “control” against pests is used to mean insecticidal or repellent.

  As will be described below, the wood preservative of the present invention contains components derived from the specific plant or herbal medicine, so it is highly safe, does not destroy the natural ecosystem, and preserves and controls. There is a feature that is high.

  The extract can be obtained by a conventional method. For example, the plant or herbal medicine is subjected to treatments such as cutting, drying, and pulverization as necessary, and then extracted using a suitable extraction solvent at normal pressure or under pressure, at room temperature or under heating, and as necessary. The extract can be obtained by concentrating after filtration. A plant can be used for extraction by mixing one or more kinds.

  Examples of the extraction solvent include water; methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, sec-butanol, t-butanol, n-octanol, cyclohexanol, and other monohydric alcohols. For example, alcohols such as di- or polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin; ethyl ether, propyl ether, isopropyl ether, dimethoxyethane, cyclic ether (eg, dioxane, terahydrofuran, etc.), mono- or dialkylene glycol Ethers such as monoalkyl ethers (eg, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether); Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone; Esters such as ethyl acid and butyl acetate; Halogen hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane; Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and octane; Alicyclic such as cyclohexane and cycloheptane Hydrocarbons; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; nitriles such as acetonitrile; carbonyl acids such as formic acid and acetic acid; aprotic polar solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and pyridine These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Of these, preferred extraction solvents include water, hydrophilic solvents and mixtures thereof. Examples of the preferable hydrophilic solvent include linear or branched alcohols having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms; ethers such as dimethoxyethane, cyclic ether, mono- or dialkylene glycol monoalkyl ether; ketones such as acetone; nitriles Organic carboxylic acids; aprotic polar solvents and the like.

  Further preferred solvents include water; water-soluble solvents such as linear or branched alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and ketones such as acetone; and mixtures thereof. Of these, water, methanol, ethanol, or propylene glycol is particularly preferable.

  The amount of the extraction solvent used may be in a range that does not impair the extraction efficiency and the extraction operation, and is, for example, about 50 to 10,000 parts by weight, preferably about 100 to 2000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the extraction target. . The extraction temperature is, for example, about 0 to 150 ° C, preferably about 10 to 120 ° C.

The exudate in the present invention can also be obtained by a conventional method. For example, by scratching a part of chestnut skin and collecting exudate such as resin, or by applying a hot water treatment or the like to the plant body or a part thereof as necessary, the above-mentioned Exudate can be obtained. In the present invention, not only exudates separated from plants in this way but also exudates exuding from plants or parts thereof can be used. For example, exudates may exude from plants that have been subjected to processing such as crushing and drying. Such exudates are also included in the “exudates” in the present invention and can be used as the active ingredient raw material of the present invention.
As the active ingredient raw material of the present invention, an extract obtained by extracting the above exudate using a solvent is preferable. In particular, a water extract, a methanol extract, an ethanol extract, and a propylene glycol extract are preferable.

  In the present invention, two or more kinds of plants and their extracts, or exudates may be mixed, and two or more kinds selected from treated products, extracts and exudates are combined and mixed. May be. The extract and exudate may be in liquid form, solid form such as powder or granular form, or semi-solid form such as paste form. The treated product, extract and exudate contain a component exhibiting high insecticidal and antiseptic action against wood pests and wood-causing fungi. Moreover, wood insect repellents and antiseptic ingredients are natural products and are derived from plants that are used as food, herbal medicines, etc., so they are generally safe for human livestock and have little adverse effects on the environment. .

  As long as the wood preservative of this invention contains the said active ingredient raw material, the form of the formulation in particular will not be restrict | limited, The processed material of the said plant and its extract or exudate itself may be sufficient. Moreover, the wood preservative may be formulated. Examples of the preparation form include solutions such as solution, wettable powder, suspension, dispersion, emulsion, oil, and lotion; solids such as powder, granule, microcapsule, microsphere, flowable, and foaming agent. Agents; semi-solid agents such as pastes and creams; sprays and aerosols; paints and the like. These can be appropriately selected depending on the intended use and application site. These preparations can be produced by conventional methods.

  The liquid diluent or carrier can be produced, for example, by diluting the extract or exudate with an appropriate liquid diluent or carrier. In the case of a wettable powder, a solid diluent or a carrier may be further used.

  Examples of the liquid diluent or carrier include alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin in addition to the exemplified extraction solvent; plasticizers (for example, ester plasticizers such as di-2-ethylhexyl adipate) Petroleum-based solvents such as kerosene; aromatic hydrocarbons such as ethylnaphthalene and phenylxylylethane; phosphate esters such as 2-ethylhexylphenyl phosphate; These liquid diluents and carriers can be used alone or in combination. Examples of the solid diluent or carrier include diatomaceous earth, mica, clay, kaolin, talc, quartz powder, bentonite and the like. These solid diluents or carriers can also be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

  The solid agent can be produced, for example, by diluting or granulating the extract or exudate with a suitable solid diluent or carrier. As the solid diluent or carrier, in addition to the solid diluents exemplified above, talc powder such as talc powder and wax intention powder, clays such as fine powder clay and mineral powder such as calcium carbonate; sulfur powder; urea powder; Plant powders such as wood flour and starch; various carriers frequently used for agricultural chemicals, horticultural preparations and the like. These solid diluents and carriers are often used as bulking agents. Solid diluents and carriers can be used alone or in combination.

  The aerosol can be produced, for example, by diluting the extract or exudate with a suitable solvent as necessary and filling it with a propellant. Examples of the solvent include the solvents exemplified above. Examples of the propellant include Freon and liquefied natural gas.

  The wood preservative may be various additives depending on the type of preparation, for example, antiseptic and antifungal agents; stabilizers such as antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers; binders; resins having film-forming ability. Emulsifiers, dispersants, spreading agents, wetting agents, penetrating agents; thickeners; flow aids; anti-caking agents; flocculants; UV scattering agents; moisture removal agents;

  Examples of the antiseptic and antifungal agent include 3-bromo-2,3-diiodo-2-propenylethyl carbonate, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate, 2,3,3-triiodoallyl alcohol, parachlorophenyl- Organic iodo compounds such as 3-iodopropargyl formal; benzimidazoles such as 2- (4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole and 2-thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole; benzimidazoles and benzothiazole compounds such as 2-thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole 1- (2- (2 ′, 4′-dichlorophenyl) -1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl) -1H-1,2,4-triazole, 1- (2- (2 ′, 4′-dichlorophenyl); ) -Propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl Til) -1H-1,2,4-triazole, α- (2- (4-chlorophenyl) ethyl) -α- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol Trizol compounds such as zinc-bis- (2-pyridine-thiol-1-oxide) zinc organic phthalate and the like; natural compounds such as 4-isopropyl tropolone (hinokitiol) and borax.

  Examples of the antioxidant include 4,4′-thiobis-6-t-butyl-3-methylphenol, butylated hydroxyanisole (2-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol and 3-t-butyl-4- Methoxyphenol mixture), p-octylphennol, mono (or di or tri)-(α-methylbenzyl) phenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), pentaerythrityl tetrakis [ Phenolic antioxidants such as 3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)] propionate; amine antioxidants such as N, N′-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine ; Hydroquinoline antioxidants such as 2,5-di (t-amyl) hydroquinoline; Sulfur antioxidants such as dilauryl thiodiuropionate ; And phosphorus-based antioxidants such as triphenyl phosphite may be exemplified.

  Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include benzotriazole compounds such as 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′methylphenyl) benzotriazole and 2- (2′-hydroxy-4′-n-octoxyphenyl) benzotriazole; Benzophenone compounds such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone; salicylic acid compounds such as phenyl salicylate and pt-butylphenyl salicylate; 2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3, 3-diphenyl acrylate, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl oxalic acid bisanilide, dimethyl succinate-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine polycondensate, etc. Can be mentioned.

  Examples of the resin having a film forming ability include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic resins, polyvinyl chloride, styrene resins, fluororesins, chlorinated polyolefins, alkyd resins, polyamides, polyesters, and the like. Thermosetting resins such as phenol resins, urea resins, melamine resins, furan resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and epoxy resins.

  As an emulsifier, a dispersant, a spreading agent, a wetting agent, and a penetrating agent, a conventional surfactant such as an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant can be used. Anionic surfactants include, for example, metal soaps, sulfate esters such as alkyl sodium sulfate, alkyl benzene sulfonates such as sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate [for example, Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., product Alkylnaphthalene sulfonic acid such as “Neucalgen BX-C”, dialkyl sodium 2-sulfosuccinate [for example, trade name Neocor SW-C manufactured by Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.], polycarboxylic acid Acid type surfactant [for example, Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Toxanone GR-30], α-olefin sulfonate, polyoxyethylene distyrenated phenyl ether sulfate ammonium salt [for example, Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. ), Product name Dixzol 60A], rig Examples thereof include sodium ninsulgonate and potassium lignin sulfonate. Nonionic surfactants include, for example, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether [for example, trade name Inogen EA 142 (EA-142), manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.] polyoxyethylene aryl Ether, fatty acid polyhydric alcohol ester, fatty acid polyhydric alcohol ester, fatty acid polyvalent alcohol polyoxyethylene, sucrose fatty acid ester, block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide [for example, Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., product Name New Pole PE-64].

  Examples of the thickener include polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and salts thereof, and PAP auxiliary (for example, isopropyl phosphoric acid), wax, polyethylene, fatty acid metal salt, paraffin, silicone oil as flow aids. Examples thereof include organic lubricants such as inorganic lubricants such as talc. Examples of the anti-caking agent include white carbon, diatomaceous earth, magnesium stearate, aluminum oxide, and titanium dioxide. Examples of the flocculant include liquid paraffin ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and isobutylene polymer [for example, trade name IP Solvent 2835 manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.]. Examples of the ultraviolet scattering agent include titanium dioxide. Examples of the moisture removing agent include desiccants such as anhydrous gypsum and silica gel powder. Examples of the colorant include organic or inorganic pigments and dyes.

  The wood preservative of the present invention may contain other insect repellents, pest repellents, and efficacy enhancers. Examples of the other insect repellents include, for example, organophosphorus compounds such as phoxime, chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, pyridafenthion, and isofenphos; carbamate compounds such as bassa and propoxer; Pyrethroid compounds such as -498, neonicotinoid compounds such as imidacloprid, nitenpyram, and acetamiprid, phenylpyrazole compounds such as fipronil, nereistoxin compounds such as bensultap, hiba oil, hiba neutral oil, decanoic acid, octane In addition to fatty acids such as acids and boric acid, neem (JP-A-3-41011), plants such as Moringa genus and Mala genus (JP-A-6-329514), etc. It is below. In addition, chitin synthesis inhibitors such as lufenuron, hexaflumuron, diflubenzuron, and flufenoxuron, which are known as insect growth regulators (IGR), and juvenile hormone-like compounds such as metoprene and hydroprene may be included.

  The content of the active ingredient raw materials, that is, the processed products of plants and herbal medicines (for example, extracts and exudates of the plants) can be appropriately selected according to the dosage form and application method of the wood preservative. In the case of a liquid agent, a semi-solid agent or a solid agent, the concentration of the component is, for example, 0.1 to 80% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 50% as an extract or exudate of the plant or herbal medicine in the wood preservative. It is about wt%. When the wood preservative is an aerosol, the concentration of the component in the filling material filled in the container is, for example, 0.01 to 25% by weight, preferably 0.05 as the plant extract or exudate. About 15%.

  The wood preservative of the present invention can be applied to wood pests and wood decay fungi, particularly brown decay fungi. Examples of wood pests that are targets of the wood preservative according to the present invention include the following. For example, insects belonging to the order of termites, Coleoptera, and bees. Specific examples of the insects belonging to the termites include those belonging to the family of termites, such as Yamato termites and termites, and those belonging to the family of termites, such as dicot termites. Specific examples of the insect belonging to the order of the Coleoptera include Hiratakakumuushi, Narahiratakekumuushi, Keikihiratakekumushi, Arahirahiratakekumushi, etc. Those belonging to the beetle feed such as Chibi-mushroom beetle, those belonging to the family Nagamushi-mushi, such as the green-bellied beetle, Japanese bamboo-taken beetle, Japanese pterodine moth, Onagashin-mushi-mushi, those belonging to the genus Coleoptera such as the longhorn beetle And those belonging to the beetle family such as saxifrage beetle, and those belonging to the beetle family and the weevil family. Specific examples of the insects belonging to the order of the bees include those belonging to the bee family such as the wasp and those belonging to the ant family such as the Munea ant. Examples of the wood-rotting fungi that are targets of the wood preservative according to the present invention include various fungi such as brown caustic fungi (for example, Prunus edodes, Idotake, Kikaigaratake, Kiritaritake, Namidatake) and white-rotting fungi (for example, power oysters). It is done. When the wood preservative of the present invention is used for controlling pests, particularly house pests such as termites, and wood-rotting fungi, particularly Japanese quail, it can be controlled with a small amount and with high efficiency.

  In addition, such an effect can be obtained in the same manner by using a plant body or herbal medicine itself containing the extract or exudate.

  In the method for preserving wood according to the present invention, the wood pest is applied to an invasion source or generation source of a pest or a wood decay fungus such as a kitchen, a bathroom, a living room, a floor corner, a floor, a ceiling, a foundation, a pillar, a wall, and soil. A control agent may be applied. The method for applying the wood preservative includes various modes depending on the invading source or source of pests and wood-rotting fungi, such as coating, spraying, dipping, pouring, mixing, spraying, and the like. In addition, when applying to soil, a preservative can be applied by spraying on the soil surface, spraying on grooves formed in the soil, mixing with soil, and the like. In addition, the wood preservative is prepared by applying, impregnating, kneading, etc. to a sheet-like base material such as a synthetic resin sheet, paper, cloth, etc. to adjust the sheet agent, and this is used as an infestation place or an occurrence place of the pests. It can be made to act effectively also by mounting or sticking.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in more detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

[Example 1]: Antiseptic test Chestnut peel, chestnut seed coat, and 100 g of the following herbal medicines on the market were reflux-extracted with 800 ml of 70% methanol at 60 ° C. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain an extract. The extract was dissolved in methanol to obtain a 10% (weight) solution of the extract. The methanol solution was applied at a ratio of 200 mg to a cedar test piece (20 × 40 × 5 mm, two-way mesh) whose end was sealed with an epoxy resin. After drying this at 60 degreeC for 2 days and sterilizing with ethylene oxide gas, this test piece was installed in the petri dish which inoculated the cherry tree on the culture medium. After leaving it for 8 weeks, it was taken out and dried at 60 ° C. for 2 days.

[Example 2]: Ant control test 100 g of chestnut peel and dried coffee beans were extracted with 800 ml of acetone at 60 ° C under reflux. The extract was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain an extract. The extract was dissolved in methanol to obtain a 20% (weight) methanol solution of the extract. This was added to 12 g of silica sand and stirred, and the extract was supported on 1% (weight) of silica sand, and then water was added to obtain a wood preservative containing 10% (weight) of water. The whole amount of the wood preservative was taken in a petri dish, and 10 termite ants were released and observed.

The contact test results obtained by the above method are shown in Tables 2 and 3 [Test results]

Claims (3)

An antiseptic for wood comprising a plant belonging to the genus Uncaria or a processed product thereof. The preservative for wood according to claim 1, wherein the processed product of the plant belonging to the genus Uncaria is asenyaku or a processed product thereof. A method for preserving wood, comprising bringing the preservative for wood according to claim 1 or 2 into contact with wood.