JP2008280882A - Exhaust emission control device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust emission control device for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2008280882A
JP2008280882A JP2007124422A JP2007124422A JP2008280882A JP 2008280882 A JP2008280882 A JP 2008280882A JP 2007124422 A JP2007124422 A JP 2007124422A JP 2007124422 A JP2007124422 A JP 2007124422A JP 2008280882 A JP2008280882 A JP 2008280882A
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exhaust
reducing agent
catalyst
passage
combustion engine
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Kazuhiro Ito
和浩 伊藤
Tomihisa Oda
富久 小田
Yutaka Tauchi
豊 田内
Takekazu Ito
丈和 伊藤
Toshisuke Toshioka
俊祐 利岡
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Priority to JP2007124422A priority Critical patent/JP2008280882A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2008/058312 priority patent/WO2008139942A1/en
Publication of JP2008280882A publication Critical patent/JP2008280882A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4315—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4314—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor with helical baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an element or a combination of elements having an effect of mixing a reducing agent and exhaust gas to disperse the reducing agent widely over the whole cross section of an exhaust passage and an effect of controlling the flow distribution of a mixture flow. <P>SOLUTION: A reducing agent supply device is arranged in the exhaust passage on the upstream side of a catalyst, and a dispersing plate and a swirler arranged downstream of the dispersing plate are provided downstream of the reducing agent supply device on the upstream side of the catalyst. A mixer can be provided instead of a combination of dispersing plate and swirler. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、内燃機関の排気浄化装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine.

触媒上流の排気通路内に還元剤供給装置を配置し、触媒において、還元剤供給装置から供給された還元剤と排気とを反応させ、排気浄化をするようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置では、触媒における還元剤のすり抜けを防止し、還元剤を有効に利用するために、還元剤を排気ガスと十分混合し、また、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させることが好ましい。   In the exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which the reducing agent supply device is disposed in the exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst, and the exhaust gas is purified by reacting the reducing agent supplied from the reducing agent supply device with the exhaust gas in the catalyst. In order to prevent slipping of the reducing agent in the catalyst and to effectively use the reducing agent, it is preferable that the reducing agent is sufficiently mixed with the exhaust gas and that the reducing agent is widely dispersed over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage.

還元剤供給装置から触媒までの排気通路空間が大きければ、還元剤は十分混合され、排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させることが可能であるが、車両構造による制限のため、還元剤供給装置から触媒までの排気通路空間を大きくすることができない。そこで、従来より、図２に示すように、還元剤供給装置の下流であって、触媒に対して上流側に、還元剤を排気ガスと混合し、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させるために、分散板が備えられている。また、特許文献１には、短い排気通路空間で混合と整流をするためのミキサーが、紹介されている。   If the exhaust passage space from the reducing agent supply device to the catalyst is large, the reducing agent can be sufficiently mixed and dispersed widely over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage. The exhaust passage space to the catalyst cannot be increased. Therefore, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 2, the reducing agent is mixed with the exhaust gas downstream of the reducing agent supply device and upstream of the catalyst, and the reducing agent is widely dispersed over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage. For this purpose, a dispersion plate is provided. Patent Document 1 introduces a mixer for mixing and rectifying in a short exhaust passage space.

特表２００１−５１６６３５号公報Special table 2001-516635 gazette

しかし、特許文献１のミキサーでは、流路における排気ガスを整流し、触媒入口における流れ分布を均一化することを目的としているが、内燃機関の排気量が小さい車両では、触媒の、触媒保持部材壁面付近の温度が、触媒中心部の温度より低く、この場合には、触媒入口における流れを完全に均一化するのではなく、触媒中心付近の流れ分布を増加させるほうが好ましい。一方、内燃機関の排気量が大きい車両では、触媒の、触媒保持部材壁面付近の温度と、触媒中心部の温度との差が小さいため、流れを全体的に均一化するほうが好ましいが、特許文献１のミキサーでは、触媒保持部材壁面付近の流れの分布が不十分で、流れを均一化することができず、流れを全体的に均一化するためには、流れを触媒保持部材壁面に沿うように導き、触媒保持部材壁面付近の流れ分布を増加させる必要がある。   However, the mixer of Patent Document 1 aims to rectify the exhaust gas in the flow path and make the flow distribution at the catalyst inlet uniform, but in a vehicle with a small exhaust amount of the internal combustion engine, the catalyst's catalyst holding member The temperature in the vicinity of the wall surface is lower than the temperature in the center of the catalyst. In this case, it is preferable to increase the flow distribution in the vicinity of the catalyst center instead of completely equalizing the flow at the catalyst inlet. On the other hand, in a vehicle with a large displacement of the internal combustion engine, since the difference between the temperature of the catalyst near the catalyst holding member wall surface and the temperature of the center of the catalyst is small, it is preferable to make the flow uniform as a whole. In the mixer 1, the flow distribution in the vicinity of the catalyst holding member wall surface is insufficient, and the flow cannot be made uniform. In order to make the flow uniform as a whole, the flow is made to follow the wall surface of the catalyst holding member. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the flow distribution near the wall surface of the catalyst holding member.

即ち、触媒における還元剤のすり抜けを防止し、還元剤を有効に利用するためには、還元剤を排気ガスと混合する作用と、混合流れの流れ分布を制御する作用とを備えることが必要であり、更に、混合流れの流れ分布の制御では、触媒中心付近の流れ分布を増加させるように導く要素と、触媒保持部材壁面付近の流れ分布を増加させるように導く要素とを備え、内燃機関の排気量の大きさによって選択できるようにすることが好ましい。   That is, in order to prevent the reducing agent from slipping through the catalyst and effectively use the reducing agent, it is necessary to have an action of mixing the reducing agent with the exhaust gas and an action of controlling the flow distribution of the mixed flow. In addition, the control of the flow distribution of the mixed flow includes an element that leads to increase the flow distribution near the center of the catalyst and an element that leads to increase the flow distribution near the wall surface of the catalyst holding member. It is preferable to be able to select according to the magnitude of the displacement.

本発明は、還元剤を排気ガスと混合し、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させる作用と、混合流れの流れ分布を制御する作用とを備える、要素もしくは要素の組み合わせを提供することを目的としている。   The present invention provides an element or combination of elements having the action of mixing the reducing agent with the exhaust gas, the action of dispersing the reducing agent widely throughout the cross section of the exhaust passage, and the action of controlling the flow distribution of the mixed flow. It is an object.

請求項１に記載の発明によれば、触媒上流の排気通路内に還元剤供給装置を配置し、触媒において、還元剤供給装置から供給された還元剤と排気とを反応させ、排気浄化をするようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、還元剤供給装置の下流であって、触媒に対して上流側に、還元剤と排気とを混合し、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させる分散板を備え、更に、分散板の下流であって、触媒に対して上流側に、混合及び分散を促進し混合流れを制御するために、還元剤と排気との混合流れに旋回を与えるスワラーを備えることを特徴とする、内燃機関の排気浄化装置が提供される。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the reducing agent supply device is arranged in the exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst, and the exhaust gas is purified by reacting the reducing agent supplied from the reducing agent supply device with the exhaust gas in the catalyst. In the exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine thus configured, the reducing agent and the exhaust gas are mixed downstream of the reducing agent supply device and upstream of the catalyst, and the reducing agent is widely dispersed over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage. A swirler comprising a dispersion plate and further swirling the mixed flow of reducing agent and exhaust to promote mixing and dispersion and control the mixed flow downstream of the dispersion plate and upstream of the catalyst An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine is provided.

すなわち、請求項１の発明では、分散板とスワラーとを備えることにより、還元剤を排気ガスと十分混合し、還元剤を拡散する作用と、混合流れの流れ分布を制御する作用とを備える、要素の組み合わせ提供することができる。   That is, in the invention of claim 1, by providing the dispersion plate and the swirler, the reducing agent is sufficiently mixed with the exhaust gas, and the reducing agent is diffused and the flow distribution of the mixed flow is controlled. A combination of elements can be provided.

請求項２に記載の発明によれば、排気通路が、触媒に向けて拡大して案内する円錐状拡大通路部を備え、スワラーが、円錐状拡大通路部の拡大開始部に隣接し、拡大開始部の上流側に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置が提供される。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, the exhaust passage includes a conical enlarged passage portion that expands and guides toward the catalyst, and the swirler is adjacent to the expansion start portion of the conical enlarged passage portion, and starts to expand. The exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas purification apparatus is disposed upstream of the portion.

すなわち、請求項２の発明では、スワラーが、円錐状拡大通路部の拡大開始部に隣接し、拡大開始部の上流側に配置されることにより、排気通路の円錐状拡大通路部の壁面に沿った混合流れの流れ分布を増加させる制御を行い、流れを全体的に均一化し、触媒保持部材壁面近傍の触媒を有効に利用し、還元剤を有効に利用することができる。   That is, in the invention of claim 2, the swirler is disposed adjacent to the expansion start portion of the conical expansion passage portion and upstream of the expansion start portion, thereby along the wall surface of the conical expansion passage portion of the exhaust passage. Thus, the flow distribution of the mixed flow is controlled to be uniform, the flow is made uniform as a whole, the catalyst near the wall surface of the catalyst holding member is effectively used, and the reducing agent can be effectively used.

請求項３に記載の発明によれば、スワラーが、混合流れに旋回を与える翼を備え、翼の、排気流れ方向に対する垂直方向の長さが、排気流れの下流側に近接する程短く形成されることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置が提供される。   According to the third aspect of the present invention, the swirler includes the blades that swirl the mixed flow, and the length of the blades in the direction perpendicular to the exhaust flow direction is formed so as to be closer to the downstream side of the exhaust flow. An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is provided.

すなわち、請求項３の発明では、スワラーの翼の翼長さを、排気流れの下流側に近接する程短くし、混合流れを外向きに流れ易くして、混合流れの触媒保持部材壁面に沿う流れ分布を増加するように制御し、流れを全体的に均一化し、触媒保持部材壁面近傍の触媒を有効に利用し、還元剤を有効に利用することができる。   That is, in the invention of claim 3, the blade length of the swirler blades is shortened so as to be closer to the downstream side of the exhaust flow to facilitate the outward flow of the mixed flow along the catalyst holding member wall surface of the mixed flow. By controlling the flow distribution to increase, the flow can be made uniform as a whole, the catalyst near the wall surface of the catalyst holding member can be used effectively, and the reducing agent can be used effectively.

請求項４に記載の発明によれば、スワラーが、混合流れに旋回を与える翼を備え、翼の、排気流れ方向に対する垂直方向の長さが、排気流れの下流側に近接する程長く形成されることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置が提供される。   According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the swirler includes the blades that swirl the mixed flow, and the length of the blades in the direction perpendicular to the exhaust flow direction is formed to be longer as it approaches the downstream side of the exhaust flow. An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is provided.

すなわち、請求項４の発明では、スワラーの翼の翼長さを、排気流れの下流側に近接する程長くし、混合流れを内向きに流れ易くして、混合流れの触媒中心近傍の流れ分布を増加するように制御し、触媒保持部材壁面付近の温度が触媒中心近傍の温度より低い場合に、触媒の還元剤利用率を向上させることができる。   That is, according to the invention of claim 4, the blade length of the swirler blade is made longer as it approaches the downstream side of the exhaust flow to facilitate the inflow of the mixed flow so that the flow distribution in the vicinity of the catalyst center of the mixed flow. When the temperature in the vicinity of the catalyst holding member wall surface is lower than the temperature in the vicinity of the center of the catalyst, the reducing agent utilization rate of the catalyst can be improved.

請求項５に記載の発明によれば、分散板と前記スワラーの代わりに、還元剤を排気と混合し、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させ、混合流れを制御する混合器を備えることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置が提供される。   According to the invention described in claim 5, instead of the dispersion plate and the swirler, there is provided a mixer for mixing the reducing agent with the exhaust gas, widely dispersing the reducing agent over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage, and controlling the mixing flow. An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is provided.

すなわち、請求項５の発明では、分散板とスワラーの代わりに、混合器を備えることにより、分散板とスワラーを個別に設けた場合と比較して、これら要素の組み合わせによる作用効果と同一の作用効果を得るとともに、要素を単一化して構成を簡略化し、排気浄化装置の低圧損化をはかることができる。   That is, in the invention of claim 5, by providing a mixer instead of the dispersion plate and swirler, the same effect as the effect of the combination of these elements compared to the case where the dispersion plate and swirler are provided individually. In addition to obtaining the effect, the configuration can be simplified by unifying the elements, and the low pressure loss of the exhaust purification device can be achieved.

請求項６に記載の発明によれば、混合器の、還元剤と排気とが通過する入口開口の排気通路軸方向に対して垂直な断面に対する投影面積の、通路投影断面の全面積に対する開口率が、０から８０％の間であることを特徴とする、請求項５に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置が提供される。   According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the opening ratio of the projected area with respect to the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the exhaust passage of the inlet opening through which the reducing agent and the exhaust of the mixer pass with respect to the entire area of the passage projected cross section. Is between 0 and 80%, the exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 5 is provided.

すなわち、請求項６の発明では、混合器の開口率を０から８０％とすることにより、混合流れの流れ分布の制御容易性を維持しつつ、排気浄化装置の圧損を低圧損化することができる。   That is, in the invention of claim 6, by setting the opening ratio of the mixer to 0 to 80%, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss of the exhaust purification device while maintaining the controllability of the flow distribution of the mixed flow. it can.

請求項７に記載の発明によれば、触媒上流に還元剤供給装置を配置し、触媒において、還元剤供給装置から供給された還元剤と排気とを反応させ、排気浄化をするようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、触媒上流の排気通路から分岐し、触媒の上流であって分岐位置より下流で排気通路に合流する、排気通路と略同等の通路面積又は排気通路より小さい通路面積を有するバイパス通路を備え、バイパス通路に還元剤供給装置を備え、バイパス通路において、還元剤供給装置の下流であって、合流位置に対して上流側に、フィン又は翼を有する混合器を備えることを特徴とする、内燃機関の排気浄化装置が提供される。   According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, an internal combustion engine in which a reducing agent supply device is disposed upstream of the catalyst, and the exhaust gas is purified by reacting the reducing agent supplied from the reducing agent supply device with the exhaust gas in the catalyst. The engine exhaust gas purification apparatus has a passage area that is substantially equal to the exhaust passage or smaller than the exhaust passage, branched from the exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst and joined to the exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst and downstream of the branch position. A bypass passage is provided, the reducing passage is provided with a reducing agent supply device, and the bypass passage is provided with a mixer having fins or blades downstream of the reducing agent supply device and upstream of the joining position. An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine is provided.

すなわち、請求項７の発明では、混合器を、排気通路のバイパス通路部に配置することにより、比較的低流速で還元剤と排気ガスとを混合することができるため、還元剤と排気ガスとの混合と、還元剤の分散と、混合流れの流れ分布の制御とを、効率よく行なうことができる。   That is, in the invention of claim 7, the reducing agent and the exhaust gas can be mixed at a relatively low flow rate by arranging the mixer in the bypass passage portion of the exhaust passage. , Dispersion of the reducing agent, and control of the flow distribution of the mixed flow can be performed efficiently.

各請求項に記載の発明によれば、還元剤を排気ガスと混合し、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させる作用と、混合流れの流れ分布を制御する作用とを備える要素もしくは要素の組み合わせを提供するという、共通の効果を奏する。   According to the invention described in each claim, an element or an element having an action of mixing the reducing agent with the exhaust gas, widely dispersing the reducing agent over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage, and an action of controlling the flow distribution of the mixed flow This provides the common effect of providing a combination.

以下、添付図面を用いて本発明の実施形態について説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は、本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、実施形態の概略構成を説明する排気通路軸方向断面図である。触媒３の上流の排気通路１内に還元剤供給装置５が配置され、触媒３において、還元剤供給装置５から供給された還元剤と排気とを反応させ、排気浄化を行う。還元剤供給装置５の下流であって、触媒３に対して上流側に、還元剤を排気と混合し、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させ、混合流れの流れ分布を制御するために、分散板６と、分散板６の下流に配置され、還元剤と排気との混合流れに旋回を与えるスワラー７とが備えられている。   FIG. 1 is a sectional view in the axial direction of an exhaust passage for explaining a schematic configuration of an embodiment when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine. A reducing agent supply device 5 is disposed in the exhaust passage 1 upstream of the catalyst 3, and in the catalyst 3, the reducing agent supplied from the reducing agent supply device 5 reacts with the exhaust to perform exhaust purification. In order to control the flow distribution of the mixed flow, downstream of the reducing agent supply device 5 and upstream of the catalyst 3, the reducing agent is mixed with the exhaust gas, and the reducing agent is widely dispersed over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage. In addition, a dispersion plate 6 and a swirler 7 disposed downstream of the dispersion plate 6 and swirling the mixed flow of the reducing agent and the exhaust are provided.

従って、分散板６とスワラー７との組み合わせによる協働作用により、還元剤を排気と混合し、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させ、混合流れの流れ分布を制御することができる。   Therefore, by the cooperative action of the combination of the dispersion plate 6 and the swirler 7, the reducing agent can be mixed with the exhaust, and the reducing agent can be widely dispersed over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage to control the flow distribution of the mixed flow.

図１に示すように、排気通路１は、普通、触媒３に向けて拡大して案内する円錐状拡大通路部９を備えており、スワラー７は、円錐状拡大通路部９の拡大開始部１１に隣接し、拡大開始部１１の上流側に配置されることが好ましい。普通、円錐状拡大通路部９の壁面近くの流れは剥離し易く、触媒保持部材１３の壁面に近い触媒では流れ分布が減少し、触媒が有効に利用されない。そこで、上述のように配置し、還元剤と排気の混合流れの円錐状拡大通路部９の壁面に沿った流れ分布を増加することにより、触媒入口１２において、排気通路断面全体にわたって均一化された流れを得ることができる。   As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust passage 1 is usually provided with a conical expansion passage portion 9 that expands and guides toward the catalyst 3, and the swirler 7 is an expansion start portion 11 of the conical expansion passage portion 9. It is preferable that it is arranged on the upstream side of the expansion start part 11. Usually, the flow near the wall surface of the conical enlarged passage portion 9 is easily separated, and the flow distribution is reduced in the catalyst near the wall surface of the catalyst holding member 13, and the catalyst is not effectively used. Therefore, by arranging as described above and increasing the flow distribution along the wall surface of the conical enlarged passage portion 9 of the mixed flow of the reducing agent and the exhaust, the catalyst inlet 12 is made uniform over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage. You can get a flow.

図２は、従来の内燃機関の排気浄化装置の、実施形態の概略構成を説明する排気通路軸方向断面図で、分散板６のみを備える。特許文献１では、この分散板６の代わりに、ミキサーと呼ぶ要素を備えているが、特許文献１のミキサーの作用効果は、この分散板６の作用効果と略同等である。   FIG. 2 is a sectional view in the axial direction of the exhaust passage for explaining a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a conventional exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and includes only a dispersion plate 6. In Patent Document 1, an element called a mixer is provided in place of the dispersion plate 6, but the operational effect of the mixer of Patent Document 1 is substantially the same as the operational effect of the dispersion plate 6.

図３は、本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、スワラーの一実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、排気流れの上流側から見た正面図である。還元剤と排気との混合流れに旋回を与え、還元剤と排気との混合と、還元剤の分散とを促進し、混合流れの排気通路内の流れ分布を制御するために、スワラー７は翼３１を有する。図３では、スワラー７の翼３１の、排気流れ方向に対する垂直方向の長さが、翼の前部の長さＦよりも翼の後部の長さＲのほうが短く、排気流れの下流側に近接する程短く形成されている。   FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a swirler when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and is a front view seen from the upstream side of the exhaust flow. In order to give a swirl to the mixed flow of the reducing agent and the exhaust, promote the mixing of the reducing agent and the exhaust and the dispersion of the reducing agent, and control the flow distribution in the exhaust passage of the mixed flow, 31. In FIG. 3, the length of the swirler 7 blade 31 in the direction perpendicular to the exhaust flow direction is shorter in the rear length R of the blade than in the front length F of the blade, and is closer to the downstream side of the exhaust flow. It is formed short enough.

すなわち、スワラー７の翼３１の翼長さを、排気流れの下流側に近接する程短く形成することにより、混合流れを外向きに流れ易くし、混合流れの円錐状拡大通路部９の壁面に沿った流れ分布を増加し、触媒入口１２において、排気通路断面全体にわたって均一化された流れを得ることができる。従って、触媒保持部材１３の壁面近傍の触媒を有効に利用し、還元剤を有効に利用することができる。   That is, by forming the blade length of the blade 31 of the swirler 7 so as to be closer to the downstream side of the exhaust flow, the mixed flow can easily flow outward, and the wall of the conical expansion passage portion 9 of the mixed flow is formed. The flow distribution along can be increased and a uniform flow can be obtained at the catalyst inlet 12 over the entire exhaust passage cross section. Therefore, the catalyst near the wall surface of the catalyst holding member 13 can be used effectively, and the reducing agent can be used effectively.

図４は、本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、スワラー７の他の実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、排気流れの上流側から見た正面図である。還元剤と排気との混合流れに旋回を与え、還元剤と排気との混合と、還元剤の分散とを促進し、混合流れの排気通路内の流れ分布を制御するために、スワラー７は翼４１を有する。図４では、スワラー７の翼４１の、排気流れ方向に対する垂直方向の長さが、翼の前部の長さＦよりも翼の後部の長さＲのほうが長く、排気流れの下流側に近接する程長く形成されている。   FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the schematic configuration of another embodiment of the swirler 7 when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and is a front view seen from the upstream side of the exhaust flow. In order to give a swirl to the mixed flow of the reducing agent and the exhaust, promote the mixing of the reducing agent and the exhaust and the dispersion of the reducing agent, and control the flow distribution in the exhaust passage of the mixed flow, 41. In FIG. 4, the length of the wing 41 of the swirler 7 in the direction perpendicular to the exhaust flow direction is longer in the rear length R of the wing than in the front length F of the wing, and is closer to the downstream side of the exhaust flow. It is formed long enough.

すなわち、スワラー７の翼４１の翼長さを、排気流れの下流側に近接する程長く形成することにより、混合流れを内向きに流れ易くし、混合流れの触媒中心近傍の流れ分布を増加して、触媒保持部材１３の壁面付近の温度が触媒中心近傍の温度より低い場合に、触媒の還元剤利用率を向上させることができる。   That is, by forming the blade length of the blade 41 of the swirler 7 so as to be closer to the downstream side of the exhaust flow, the mixed flow can be easily flowed inward, and the flow distribution in the vicinity of the catalyst center of the mixed flow is increased. Thus, when the temperature in the vicinity of the wall surface of the catalyst holding member 13 is lower than the temperature in the vicinity of the center of the catalyst, the reducing agent utilization rate of the catalyst can be improved.

図５は、本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、混合器の一実施形態の概略構成を説明する排気通路軸方向断面図である。すなわち図５の実施形態では、図１の分散板６とスワラー７の組み合わせに代えて、混合器８が備えられている。   FIG. 5 is an exhaust passage axial sectional view for explaining a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a mixer when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine. That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, a mixer 8 is provided instead of the combination of the dispersion plate 6 and the swirler 7 of FIG. 1.

すなわち、図５では、分散板６とスワラー７の組み合わせに代えて、混合器８を備えることにより、分散板６とスワラー７とが協働する作用効果と比較して、同一の作用効果を得ることができ、装置構成を簡略化し、排気浄化装置を低圧損化することができる。   That is, in FIG. 5, by providing the mixer 8 instead of the combination of the dispersion plate 6 and the swirler 7, the same operation effect is obtained as compared with the operation effect of the dispersion plate 6 and the swirler 7 cooperating. It is possible to simplify the device configuration and reduce the pressure of the exhaust gas purification device.

図６から図１０は、本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、図５の混合器８の様々な実施形態の概略構成を示す。図６は、排気流れの下流側から見た斜視図であり、混合器６７は、還元剤を排気と混合し、還元剤を排気通路内に分散させ、混合流れの流れ分布を制御するためのフィン６１を有する。図７から図１０は、排気流れの上流側から見た斜視図であり、混合器７７、８７、９７、１０７は、それぞれ、還元剤を排気と混合し、還元剤を排気通路内に分散させ、混合流れの流れ分布を制御するための翼７１、８１、９１、１０１を有する。   FIGS. 6 to 10 show schematic configurations of various embodiments of the mixer 8 of FIG. 5 when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine. FIG. 6 is a perspective view seen from the downstream side of the exhaust flow. The mixer 67 mixes the reducing agent with the exhaust, disperses the reducing agent in the exhaust passage, and controls the flow distribution of the mixed flow. Fins 61 are provided. FIGS. 7 to 10 are perspective views as seen from the upstream side of the exhaust flow. The mixers 77, 87, 97, and 107 respectively mix the reducing agent with the exhaust and distribute the reducing agent in the exhaust passage. And blades 71, 81, 91, 101 for controlling the flow distribution of the mixed flow.

図１１は、本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、図５の混合器８の、開口率を説明する図である。混合器は、還元剤を排気と混合し、還元剤を排気通路内に分散させ、混合流れの流れ分布を制御するためのフィン（図１１（Ａ））又は翼（図１１（Ｂ））を有する。混合器の開口率とは、還元剤と排気とが通過する混合器入口開口の、排気通路１の軸方向に対して垂直方向の投影断面における開口部Ｋの面積を、通路投影断面の全面積で割った値である。混合器８の開口率が、０から８０％の間である場合に、還元剤を排気と良好に混合し、分散することができ、また、混合流れの制御が有効に行われる。開口率を大きくするほど、混合流れの圧力損失を小さくすることができるが、還元剤の排気への良好な混合及び分散が得られなくなり、また、混合流れの制御性が悪化する。   FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the aperture ratio of the mixer 8 of FIG. 5 when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine. The mixer mixes the reducing agent with the exhaust, disperses the reducing agent in the exhaust passage, and has fins (FIG. 11A) or blades (FIG. 11B) for controlling the flow distribution of the mixed flow. Have. The opening ratio of the mixer means the area of the opening K in the projection cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the exhaust passage 1 of the mixer inlet opening through which the reducing agent and the exhaust pass. The value divided by. When the opening ratio of the mixer 8 is between 0 and 80%, the reducing agent can be well mixed and dispersed with the exhaust gas, and the control of the mixing flow is effectively performed. As the aperture ratio is increased, the pressure loss of the mixed flow can be reduced, but good mixing and dispersion of the reducing agent to the exhaust gas cannot be obtained, and the controllability of the mixed flow is deteriorated.

図１２は、本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、更なる実施形態の概略構成を説明する排気通路軸方向断面図である。図１２では、触媒３の上流に還元剤供給装置を配置し、触媒において、還元剤供給装置から供給された還元剤と排気とを反応させ、排気浄化をするようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、触媒上流の排気通路から分岐し、触媒の上流であって分岐位置１２２より下流で排気通路に合流する、排気通路と略同等の通路面積又は排気通路より小さい通路面積を有するバイパス通路１２１を備え、バイパス通路１２１に還元剤供給装置１２５を備え、バイパス通路１２１において、還元剤供給装置１２５の下流であって、合流位置１２４に対して上流側に、混合器１２８を備えることができる。   FIG. 12 is an exhaust passage axial sectional view for explaining a schematic configuration of a further embodiment when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine. In FIG. 12, an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which a reducing agent supply device is disposed upstream of the catalyst 3 and the exhaust gas is purified by reacting the reducing agent supplied from the reducing agent supply device with the exhaust gas in the catalyst. A bypass passage 121 having a passage area substantially equal to the exhaust passage or smaller than the exhaust passage, branched from the exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst and joined to the exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst and downstream of the branch position 122. In addition, a reducing agent supply device 125 may be provided in the bypass passage 121, and a mixer 128 may be provided in the bypass passage 121 downstream of the reducing agent supply device 125 and upstream of the merge position 124.

すなわち、図１２の発明では、混合器１２８を、排気通路のバイパス通路部１２１に配置することにより、比較的低流速で還元剤と排気ガスとを混合することができるため、還元剤の排気ガスへの混合、分散と、混合流れの流れ分布の制御とを、効率よく行なうことができる。図１２では、図５と同様に、排気通路の主流側にも還元剤供給装置５と混合器８とを備える実施形態を示すが、別の実施形態では、主流側には還元剤供給装置５と混合器８とを備えず、バイパス通路部１２１にのみ還元剤供給装置１２５及び混合器１２８を備えることができる。   That is, in the invention of FIG. 12, the reducing agent and the exhaust gas can be mixed at a relatively low flow rate by arranging the mixer 128 in the bypass passage 121 of the exhaust passage. It is possible to efficiently perform mixing, dispersion and control of the flow distribution of the mixed flow. FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which the reducing agent supply device 5 and the mixer 8 are also provided on the main flow side of the exhaust passage, as in FIG. 5. In another embodiment, the reducing agent supply device 5 is provided on the main flow side. And the mixer 8, and the reducing agent supply device 125 and the mixer 128 can be provided only in the bypass passage portion 121.

本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、実施形態の概略構成を説明する排気通路軸方向断面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an exhaust passage axial sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine. 従来の内燃機関の排気浄化装置の、実施形態の概略構成を説明する排気通路軸方向断面図である。It is an exhaust passage axial sectional view explaining an outline composition of an embodiment of a conventional exhaust gas purification device of an internal-combustion engine. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、スワラーの一実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、排気流れの上流側から見た正面図である。It is a figure explaining schematic structure of one embodiment of a swirler at the time of applying the present invention to an exhaust-air-purification device of an internal-combustion engine, and is a front view seen from the upstream of exhaust flow. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、スワラーの他の実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、排気流れの上流側から見た正面図である。It is a figure explaining schematic structure of other embodiments of a swirler at the time of applying the present invention to an exhaust-air-purification device of an internal-combustion engine, and is a front view seen from the upstream of exhaust flow. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、混合器の実施形態の概略構成を説明する排気通路軸方向断面図である。1 is an exhaust passage axial sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a mixer when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、混合器の一実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、混合器を排気流れの下流側から見た斜視図である。It is a figure explaining schematic structure of one embodiment of a mixer at the time of applying the present invention to an exhaust gas purification device of an internal-combustion engine, and is a perspective view which looked at a mixer from the downstream of exhaust flow. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、混合器の他の実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、混合器を排気流れの上流側から見た斜視図である。It is a figure explaining schematic structure of other embodiments of a mixer at the time of applying the present invention to an exhaust-air-purification device of an internal-combustion engine, and is a perspective view which looked at a mixer from the upstream of exhaust flow. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、混合器の別の実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、混合器を排気流れの上流側から見た斜視図である。It is a figure explaining schematic structure of another embodiment of a mixer at the time of applying the present invention to an exhaust gas purification device of an internal-combustion engine, and is a perspective view which looked at a mixer from the upstream of exhaust flow. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、混合器の更なる実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、混合器を排気流れの上流側から見た斜視図である。It is a figure explaining schematic structure of the further embodiment of a mixer at the time of applying the present invention to the exhaust gas purification device of an internal-combustion engine, and is a perspective view which looked at the mixer from the upstream of the exhaust flow. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、混合器の更なる他の実施形態の概略構成を説明する図で、混合器を排気流れの上流側から見た斜視図である。It is a figure explaining schematic structure of other embodiment of the mixer at the time of applying the present invention to the exhaust gas purification device of an internal-combustion engine, and is a perspective view which looked at the mixer from the upstream of the exhaust flow. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、混合器の、開口率を説明する図で、排気通路の軸方向に対して垂直方向の投影断面における開口部を示す図である。It is a figure explaining the aperture ratio of a mixer at the time of applying this invention to the exhaust gas purification apparatus of an internal combustion engine, and is a figure which shows the opening part in the projection cross section perpendicular | vertical with respect to the axial direction of an exhaust passage. 本発明を内燃機関の排気浄化装置に適用した場合の、他の実施形態の概略構成を説明する排気通路軸方向断面図である。FIG. 5 is an axial sectional view of an exhaust passage for explaining a schematic configuration of another embodiment when the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 排気通路
３ 触媒
５ 還元剤供給装置
６ 分散板
７ スワラー
８ 混合器
９ 円錐状拡大通路部
１１ 拡大開始部
１２ 触媒入口
１３ 触媒保持部材
３１ 翼
４１ 翼
６１ フィン
６７ 混合器
７１ 翼
７７ 混合器
８１ 翼
８７ 混合器
９１ 翼
９７ 混合器
１０１ 翼
１０７ 混合器
１２１ バイパス通路
１２２ 分岐位置
１２４ 合流位置
１２５ 還元剤供給装置
１２８ 混合器
Ａ 排気流れ方向
Ｂ 排気バイパス流れ方向
Ｆ スワラーの翼前部の翼長さ
Ｋ 開口部
Ｒ スワラーの翼後部の翼長さ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exhaust passage 3 Catalyst 5 Reducing agent supply apparatus 6 Dispersion plate 7 Swirler 8 Mixer 9 Conical expansion passage portion 11 Expansion start portion 12 Catalyst inlet 13 Catalyst holding member 31 Blade 41 Blade 61 Fin 67 Mixer 71 Blade 77 Mixer 81 Wing 87 Mixer 91 Wing 97 Mixer 101 Wing 107 Mixer 121 Bypass passage 122 Branching position 124 Merged position 125 Reducing agent supply device 128 Mixer A Exhaust flow direction B Exhaust bypass flow direction F Blade length of swirler blade front K opening R wing length of swirler wing rear

Claims (7)

触媒上流の排気通路内に還元剤供給装置を配置し、触媒において、還元剤供給装置から供給された還元剤と排気とを反応させ、排気浄化をするようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、
前記還元剤供給装置の下流であって、前記触媒に対して上流側に、前記還元剤と排気とを混合し、還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させる分散板を備え、
更に、前記分散板の下流であって、前記触媒に対して上流側に、前記混合及び分散を促進し混合流れを制御するために、前記還元剤と排気との混合流れに旋回を与えるスワラーを備えることを特徴とする、内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 In the exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which the reducing agent supply device is disposed in the exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst, and the exhaust gas is purified by reacting the reducing agent supplied from the reducing agent supply device with the exhaust gas in the catalyst.
A dispersion plate that mixes the reducing agent and the exhaust gas downstream of the reducing agent supply device and upstream of the catalyst, and disperses the reducing agent over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage,
Further, a swirler that provides a swirl to the mixed flow of the reducing agent and the exhaust gas in order to promote the mixing and dispersion and control the mixed flow downstream of the dispersion plate and upstream of the catalyst. An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine, comprising: 前記排気通路が、前記触媒に向けて拡大して案内する円錐状拡大通路部を備え、
前記スワラーが、前記円錐状拡大通路部の拡大開始部に隣接し、前記拡大開始部の上流側に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 The exhaust passage includes a conical expansion passage portion that expands and guides toward the catalyst;
2. The exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the swirler is disposed adjacent to an expansion start portion of the conical expansion passage portion and upstream of the expansion start portion. 前記スワラーが、前記混合流れに旋回を与える翼を備え、前記翼の、排気流れ方向に対する垂直方向の長さが、前記排気流れの下流側に近接する程短く形成されることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。   The swirler includes blades for swirling the mixed flow, and the length of the blades in the direction perpendicular to the exhaust flow direction is formed so as to be closer to the downstream side of the exhaust flow, The exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1. 前記スワラーが、前記混合流れに旋回を与える翼を備え、前記翼の、排気流れ方向に対する垂直方向の長さが、前記排気流れの下流側に近接する程長く形成されることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。   The swirler includes blades that swirl the mixed flow, and the length of the blades in the direction perpendicular to the exhaust flow direction is formed so as to be closer to the downstream side of the exhaust flow, The exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1. 前記分散板と前記スワラーの代わりに、前記還元剤を排気と混合し、前記還元剤を排気通路の断面全体にわたって広く分散させ、前記混合流れを制御する混合器を備えることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。   Instead of the dispersion plate and the swirler, the reductant is mixed with exhaust, and the reductant is widely dispersed over the entire cross section of the exhaust passage, and a mixer is provided for controlling the mixing flow. Item 6. An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to Item 1. 前記混合器の、前記還元剤と排気とが通過する入口開口の前記排気通路軸方向に対して垂直な断面に対する投影面積の、通路投影断面の全面積に対する開口率が、０から８０％の間であることを特徴とする、請求項５に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。   An opening ratio of a projected area with respect to a cross section perpendicular to the exhaust passage axial direction of an inlet opening through which the reducing agent and the exhaust of the mixer pass is 0 to 80% with respect to a total area of the passage projected cross section. The exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein 触媒上流に還元剤供給装置を配置し、触媒において、還元剤供給装置から供給された還元剤と排気とを反応させ、排気浄化をするようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、
触媒上流の排気通路から分岐し、前記触媒の上流であって前記分岐位置より下流で前記排気通路に合流する、前記排気通路と略同等の通路面積又は前記排気通路より小さい通路面積を有するバイパス通路を備え、
前記バイパス通路に還元剤供給装置を備え、
前記バイパス通路において、前記還元剤供給装置の下流であって、前記合流位置に対して上流側に、フィン又は翼を有する混合器を備えることを特徴とする、内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 In the exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which a reducing agent supply device is arranged upstream of the catalyst, and the exhaust gas is reacted by reacting the reducing agent supplied from the reducing agent supply device with the exhaust gas in the catalyst.
A bypass passage having a passage area substantially equal to the exhaust passage or smaller than the exhaust passage, branched from an exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst and joined to the exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst and downstream of the branch position With
A reducing agent supply device is provided in the bypass passage,
An exhaust purification device for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a mixer having fins or blades in the bypass passage, downstream of the reducing agent supply device and upstream of the joining position.
JP2007124422A 2007-05-09 2007-05-09 Exhaust emission control device for internal combustion engine Withdrawn JP2008280882A (en)

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US10874998B2 (en) 2016-03-30 2020-12-29 Ibiden Co., Ltd. Diffusing member, exhaust gas purification device, and use of diffusing member in exhaust gas purification device

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