JP2008266471A - Method for producing charcoal pellet from powdered charcoal - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a charcoal pellet from powdered charcoal, wherein the method is relatively simple, can produce a charcoal pellet at a low cost, allows mass production thereof, and is environmentally friendly. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing a charcoal pellet from powdered charcoal comprises the steps of: (1) carbonizing a woody material such as cedar bark and an end material in a large carbonization apparatus to obtain powdered charcoal; (2) adding water to the powdered charcoal, followed by agitation and grinding; (3) further grinding the powdered charcoal which is agitated and ground to obtain finely-ground carbide comprising uniform impalpable-powdered finely-ground particles; (4) adding, to the finely-ground carbide, a seaweed powder which is mixed with water as a binder, followed by finishing agitation; (5) introducing a mixture of the finely-ground carbide which is subjected to the finishing agitation and the binder into a granulating machine to granulate a moist pellet of a predetermined dimension; and (6) drying the moist pellet to obtain the charcoal pellet. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The invention of the present application relates to a method for producing charcoal pellets of powdered charcoal, and in particular, charcoal pellets that are easy to use as a fuel by pulverizing, granulating, and solidifying cedar bark and milled wood generated from a lumber mill, wood co-market, etc. The present invention relates to a method for producing powdered coal charcoal pellets that is relatively simple and mass-produced.

  Conventionally, a solid fuel called a coal platoon has been used for a long time, but its manufacturing method has not been mechanized and mass production has been impossible. In addition, starch and caustic soda, which are called “Kamishin Flour”, are necessary as binders in the production, and as a result, there remains concern about whether the ash after combustion can be used as a soil conditioner in the field. It was not preferable from the viewpoint of protection.

  In recent years, cedar bark and mill ends generated from sawmills and wood co-markets that are often handled as industrial waste have been crushed and used as fuel for boilers. The heat efficiency is not good. Carbonization with a large carbonizer is possible, but since powdered charcoal (Burk charcoal) occupies the majority, handling is extremely bad and there is a risk that the powder will scatter and harm the health of the worker. It is hard to do.

Patent Document 1 discloses “a method for forming a strong granulated product” using a wood-based material or the like as a raw material. According to this, a powdered metal salt is used as the binder to add and mix the binder to the broken material of the wood-based material and forcibly granulate this into a pellet or briquette. There are the same problems as described above when caustic soda is used as the binder.
JP 60-68042 A

  The invention of the present application solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional method for producing powdered coal charcoal pellets, is relatively simple, can be produced at low cost, can be mass-produced, and has problems in terms of environmental protection. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel method for producing powdered charcoal pellets without powder.

The above problems can be solved by the following invention described in each claim of the present application.
That is, the invention described in claim 1 is a method for producing charcoal pellets of powdered charcoal, characterized by comprising the following steps (1) to (6).
(1) A step of carbonizing woody materials such as cedar bark and mill ends with a large carbonization device to obtain powdered charcoal.
(2) A step of adding water to the powdered charcoal, stirring, and pulverizing.
(3) A step of further pulverizing the pulverized charcoal that has been stirred and pulverized to obtain pulverized carbides composed of uniform fine pulverized pulverized particles.
(4) A step of adding a seaweed powder dissolved in water as a binder to the broken carbide and performing stirring for finishing.
(5) A step of granulating moist pellets having a predetermined size by introducing the mixture of the broken carbide and the binder that has been stirred for the finishing to a granulator.
(6) A step of drying the moist pellets to obtain charcoal pellets.

Since the invention described in claim 1 is configured as described above, this can be carried out as follows.
Wood-based materials such as cedar bark and millwood generated from sawmills and wood sales offices are often handled as industrial waste, but they are purchased at a low price and used with conventional large carbonization equipment. To carbonize (step (1)). The powdered charcoal obtained in this way is likely to scatter, so water is added to this, stirred and pulverized (step (2)). Next, the mixture is stirred and further pulverized in order to make the pulverized powdered charcoal particles uniform to obtain pulverized carbides composed of uniform fine powdery pulverized particles (step (3)). Next, the broken carbide is sent to a stirrer by a screw conveyor, where seaweed powder dissolved in water is added as a binder, and the mixture is thoroughly stirred to perform final stirring (step (4)). Subsequently, the mixture of the pulverized carbide and the binder that has been stirred in this way is guided to a granulator, and granulated moist pellets having a predetermined size, preferably 15 to 20 mm (step (5)). ). Finally, the powdered charcoal moist pellets thus obtained are dried (step (6)). Thus, the charcoal pellet processed into the form which is easy to utilize as a fuel is obtained.

Since the invention described in claim 1 is configured as described above and can be implemented as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
By connecting a conventionally known large carbonization device, two types of stirrers (for step (2) and step (4)), a pulverizer, a granulator, and a drying device, It is simple, can be manufactured at low cost, and can be mass-produced. In addition, since seaweed powder is used as a binder as compared with the conventional production method, there is no possibility of adversely affecting the human body and the environment even if ash after burning charcoal pellets is used as a soil conditioner in a field. .

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the method for producing powdered coal charcoal pellets according to claim 1, residual heat of a large carbonizer is used for drying the moist pellets.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the overall thermal efficiency of the method for producing powdered charcoal charcoal pellets can be improved, and the charcoal pellets can be produced at a lower cost and in a shorter time.

  As described above, according to the method for producing pulverized charcoal pellets of the invention of the present application, a conventionally known large carbonizer, two types of stirrers (for step (2) and for step (4)), pulverizer, granulator By continuously providing a drying device, the powdered charcoal pellets can be manufactured relatively easily and inexpensively, and mass production is possible. In addition, compared to conventional methods for producing charcoal pellets of powdered charcoal, seaweed powder is used as a binder, so even if ash after burning charcoal pellets is used as a soil conditioner in a field, it is not suitable for the human body or the environment. There is no worry about adverse effects.

  Moreover, when utilizing the residual heat of a large carbonization apparatus for drying the moist pellets, the thermal efficiency of the entire method for producing powdered coal charcoal pellets is improved, and charcoal pellets are produced at a lower cost and in a shorter time. be able to.

The method for producing powdered charcoal pellets includes the following steps (1) to (6).
(1) A step of carbonizing woody materials such as cedar bark and mill ends with a large carbonization device to obtain powdered charcoal.
(2) A step of adding water to the powdered charcoal, stirring, and pulverizing.
(3) A step of further pulverizing the pulverized charcoal that has been stirred and pulverized to obtain pulverized carbides composed of uniform fine pulverized pulverized particles.
(4) A step of adding a seaweed powder dissolved in water as a binder to the broken carbide and performing stirring for finishing.
(5) A step of granulating moist pellets having a predetermined size by introducing the mixture of the broken carbide and the binder that has been stirred for the finishing to a granulator.
(6) A step of drying the moist pellets to obtain charcoal pellets.

  In addition, in the said process (6), suppose that the residual heat of the large sized carbonization apparatus used in order to manufacture a pulverized charcoal is utilized for drying of a moist pellet.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is an elevation view showing an outline of the overall configuration of a powdered coal charcoal pellet manufacturing apparatus for carrying out the powdered charcoal pellet manufacturing method of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows the same manufacturing apparatus. FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a crusher as one element, where (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a secondary element that constitutes the manufacturing apparatus. (Finishing) A perspective view of a stirrer, FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a granulator which is one element constituting the production apparatus, (a) is an exploded view, (b) is an assembled view.

  The method for producing powdered charcoal pellets of the present example is mainly used for pulverizing, granulating and solidifying woody materials such as cedar bark, millwood, etc., which are generated from sawmills, wood co-markets, etc. It is a method for obtaining charcoal pellets that are easy to perform, and is a method that is carried out by an apparatus for producing charcoal pellets of powdered charcoal as described below.

  The powdered coal charcoal pellet manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is summarized as shown in FIG. 1 and includes a primary stirrer 10, a pulverizer 20, a conveyor 30, a secondary stirrer 40, and a granulator. 50 and a drying device (not shown). Below the granulator 50, a discharge conveyor 70 that also serves as a receiving portion for the manufactured charcoal pellets is installed. The drying device is installed at the rear end of the discharge conveyor 70. Note that a container having a hole may be used to receive the charcoal pellets, and the charcoal pellets having a predetermined size may be selected in the process of being conveyed by the discharge conveyor 70.

In the present embodiment, the primary stirrer 10 uses a known one that is used to stir and pulverize feed fish with water and pulverize it to obtain a mixed feed. This is as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-280258. The primary stirrer 10 is charged with pulverized charcoal W1 produced using a known large carbonization apparatus (not shown) (process (1)) and using raw materials such as cedar bark and milled lumber. This large carbonization device is provided by, for example, Fresco Co., Ltd., and when carbonizing cedar bark with this device, the warm smoke passage in the carbonization device is improved so that every corner of the carbonization device is In order to obtain a high-quality product evenly, and to shorten the carbonization time, milling materials are mixed. For this reason, the shape of the carbide | carbonized_material manufactured with this carbonization apparatus is not constant, and is mixed with powdered charcoal and contains block-shaped charcoal. In the present specification, powdered coal containing such block-like coal is referred to as “powdered coal W1”.
Therefore, such powdered charcoal W1 is put into the primary stirrer 10 and stirred while adding water so that dust does not stand up and pulverized, and the block-shaped charcoal contained therein has a size of about 2 cm. (Step (2)). The amount of powdered coal W1 charged into the primary stirrer 10 is about 50 kg at a time.

The pulverized coal W1 thus stirred and pulverized and pulverized to a maximum size of about 2 cm is then put into the pulverizer 20.
In this embodiment, the pulverizer 20 is a known one that is used for crushing corn for feed, and is installed directly under the outlet 11 of the primary agitator 10. As shown in the figure, a pair of gear-shaped rotary drums 21 a and 21 b that are rotatably supported by a plate frame 23 and a drive motor 22 that rotates these rotary drums are provided.

  Therefore, when the drive motor 22 is now operated, the rotational force of the drive motor 22 is transmitted to the other rotary drum 21b that rotates one rotary drum 21a and meshes with the rotary drum 21a. Since the rotation directions of the rotary drums 21a and 21b are opposite to each other, the rotary drums 21a and 21b are discharged from the discharge port 11 of the primary stirrer 10 and are collected by the hopper 24 and dropped to the meshing portions of the rotary drums 21a and 21b. The powdered charcoal W1 thus obtained is further finely pulverized in the course of passing therethrough to obtain a fine carbide W2 composed of uniform fine powdery fine particles having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less (step (3)).

  The broken carbide W2 is received by the screw conveyor 30 that is waiting with its insertion port positioned immediately below the meshing portions of the rotating drums 21a and 21b, and by the rotation of the spiral blades in the screw conveyor 30. It is carried diagonally upward and is put into the secondary stirrer 40 from above (see FIG. 1).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the secondary agitator 40 has a plurality of blades 41 attached to an axis passing through the center of a bottomed cylindrical container having a diameter of about 2.5 m. Is a machine that stirs an object put in the inside by rotating around the axis, and for example, a known machine provided by Owaki Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be used. Since this secondary stirrer 40 can contain about 250 kg of powdered carbide, repeat the work of stirring and crushing about 50 kg of powdered charcoal W1 at once with the primary stirrer 5 times. It is possible to stir the fine carbide W2 corresponding to the amount to be performed.

  In the secondary stirrer 40, seaweed powder dissolved in water as a binder (binding agent) on the broken carbide W2 carried by the screw conveyor 30, for example, a combination of seaweed and wakame seaweed containing sodium alginate as a main component. The powder is evenly sprinkled and stirred well to perform final stirring (step (4)). The fine carbide W2 contains a significant amount of water because water is added so that dust does not stand when the powdered charcoal W1 is agitated by the primary stirrer 10, and therefore, the fine carbide W2 is contained in the fine carbide W2. It is necessary to sprinkle the seaweed powder while observing the state of the broken carbide W2. When the ratio of water is too much with respect to the powdered coal, it becomes a paste at the time of granulation. Moreover, when there is little water, a pellet will be hard and it will become impossible to take out. Alginic acid can be dissolved in water, but it can be dissolved neatly in a short time by using a mazeler (a device for mixing paints, etc.).

  By the stirring in the secondary stirrer 40, the broken carbide W2 becomes a dumpling. However, the size of the particles does not change. The agitation state is confirmed, and granulation is promptly performed by the granulator 50 attached to the lower part of the take-out port 42 of the secondary agitator 40 (step (5)). When stirring for a long time, moisture may fly off and the broken carbide W2 may harden due to the effect of alginic acid. In the granulator 50, the mixture of the pulverized carbide W2 that has been subjected to the final stirring by the secondary stirrer 40 and the binder is granulated into 15-20 mm moist pellets.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the granulator 50 includes a first screw 51 and a second screw 56 having different helical pitches in a casing formed by connecting two cylindrical tubes 55 and 65. The first plate 53 is disposed between the first screw 51 and the second screw 56 so as to be sandwiched between the first knife 52 and the second knife 54, and the second screw A second plate 58 is also arranged on the granule discharge side of 56 so as to be sandwiched between the third knife 57 and the fourth knife 59 in the front and rear. These are aligned on the same axis, and assembled as a whole and accommodated inside the casing. The set of the third knife 57, the second plate 58, and the fourth knife 59 is fastened and fixed to the granule discharge side end face of the second screw 56 by a donut spring 62, a spring retainer 63, and a spring retainer tightening bolt 64. . The first plate 53 and the second plate 58 are each formed with a plurality of granulation circular holes corresponding to the size of the moist pellets to be produced.

  In this way, the entire assembly of the various parts described above housed in the casing is pushed toward the broken carbide feed side by the plate press ring 60 at the granule discharge side end of the casing. In this state, when the cap nut 61 is fastened to the end of the casing, the cap nut 61 is supported so as not to be pulled out from the casing. The entire assembly is rotated inside the casing by the end portion of the first screw 51 being connected to a driving means such as a motor and being rotated.

  The helical pitch of the first screw 51 is larger than the helical pitch of the second screw 56, and the mixture of the broken carbide W2 and the binder inserted into the granulator 50 from the inlet 66 has an overall assembly inside the casing. By rotating, inside the casing, the pressure is applied due to the difference in spiral pitch between the first screw 51 and the second screw 56, and the feed is directed in the direction of the discharge port 67 (the opening of the cap nut 61 corresponds to this). It is done. In this process, it is crushed by the first knife 52 and is formed into a rod-shaped dumpling having a predetermined diameter in the process of passing through the plurality of circular holes formed in the first plate 53. Into relatively large-diameter moist pellets and fed into the second screw 56.

  The relatively large diameter moist pellets fed to the second screw 56 were further finely crushed by the third knife 57 disposed on the granule discharge side of the second screw 56 and formed on the second plate 58. In the process of passing through a plurality of circular holes, a rod-shaped dumpling having a smaller predetermined diameter (about 15 to 20 mm) is formed, and the rod-shaped dumpling is further cut into a predetermined length by the fourth knife 59 to obtain a relatively small diameter moist pellet. And discharged from the discharge port 67. The size of the moist pellet can be adjusted to a desired size by variously replacing the second plate 58 having a plurality of circular holes. Usually, however, the granulation time and the drying time are shortened. Moreover, about 15-20 mm is suitable from a handling surface.

  The moist pellet P discharged from the discharge port 67 (see FIG. 1) is manufactured by mixing, stirring, pulverizing and granulating seaweed powder dissolved in water, and as such cannot be used as fuel. . Therefore, finally, it is sent to a drying device (not shown) (step (6)) and dried. The charcoal pellets thus obtained are processed into a form that can be easily used as fuel, and are shipped as a product. For drying the moist pellets P, sun drying or wind may be used when the weather is fine, but the residual heat of the large carbonizer that produced the powdered coal W1 is used. In this way, it is possible to produce charcoal pellets in a short time compared to drying using sunlight, and the thermal efficiency of the entire production apparatus is improved, and charcoal pellets are produced at low cost. be able to.

  In the primary stirrer 10, it is possible to arrange the granulation step (step (5)) immediately after the stirring and pulverization step (step (2)) of the powdered charcoal W1 is performed. However, since the pulverization must be performed only by the primary stirrer 10 and the granulator 50, it takes too much time, and the mixture of the powdered charcoal W1 and the binder sometimes hardens. With such a process arrangement, a large amount of fine carbide W2 can be granulated in a short time, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Since the charcoal pellet manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the powdered charcoal of the present embodiment are configured as described above, the following effects can be achieved.
Conventionally known large-sized carbonization equipment, two types of stirrers (for step (2) and for step (4)) 10, 40, pulverizer 20, granulator 50, and drying device are connected in series, and coal of powdered coal The pellet P is relatively simple, can be manufactured at low cost, and can be mass-produced. Moreover, since seaweed powder is used as a binder compared with the conventional manufacturing method, even if the ash after burning the charcoal pellets P is used as a soil conditioner in a field, there is a risk of adversely affecting the human body and the environment. Absent. Rather, sodium alginate in seaweed powder is effective for soil improvement because it becomes sodium carbonate (lime) when burned.

  Moreover, since the residual heat of a large carbonization apparatus is utilized for drying of a moist pellet, the charcoal pellet manufacturing method of powdered charcoal and the thermal efficiency of the whole apparatus are improved, and the charcoal pellet P is manufactured more inexpensively in a short time. Can do.

  The invention of the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

In the front elevation which shows the outline of the whole structure of the coal pellet manufacturing apparatus of the pulverized coal for carrying out the method for producing the coal pellet of the pulverized coal of the present embodiment, a plan view and a side view of each device component FIG. It is detail drawing of the grinder which is one element which comprises the manufacturing apparatus, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view. It is a perspective view of the secondary (finishing) stirrer which is one element which comprises the manufacturing apparatus. It is an exploded view of the granulator which is one element which comprises the manufacturing apparatus, (a) is an exploded view, (b) is an assembly drawing.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Charcoal pellet manufacturing apparatus, 10 ... Primary stirrer, 11 ... Discharge port, 20 ... Crusher, 21a, 21b ... Rotary drum, 22 ... Drive motor, 23 ... Plate frame, 24 ... Hopper, 30 ... Conveyor, 31 ..., 40 ... secondary agitator, 41 ... blade, 42 ... take-out port, 50 ... granulator, 51 ... first screw, 52 ... first knife, 53 ... first plate, 54 ... second knife, 55 ... cylinder 56 ... second screw, 57 ... third knife, 58 ... second plate, 59 ... fourth knife, 60 ... plate retainer ring, 61 ... cap nut, 62 ... doughnut spring, 63 ... spring retainer, 64 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Spring clamp bolt, 65 ... Cylindrical cylindrical body, 66 ... Delivery port, 67 ... Discharge port, 70 ... Discharge conveyor, W1 ... Powdered coal, W2 ... Shatter carbide, P ... Moist pellet.

Claims (2)

A method for producing charcoal pellets of powdered charcoal, comprising the following steps (1) to (6).
(1) A step of carbonizing woody materials such as cedar bark and mill ends with a large carbonization device to obtain powdered charcoal.
(2) A step of adding water to the powdered charcoal, stirring, and pulverizing.
(3) A step of further pulverizing the pulverized charcoal that has been stirred and pulverized to obtain pulverized carbides composed of uniform fine pulverized pulverized particles.
(4) A step of adding a seaweed powder dissolved in water as a binder to the broken carbide and performing stirring for finishing.
(5) A step of granulating moist pellets having a predetermined size by introducing the mixture of the broken carbide and the binder that has been stirred for the finishing to a granulator.
(6) A step of drying the moist pellets to obtain charcoal pellets. The method for producing powdered coal charcoal pellets according to claim 1, wherein residual heat of the large carbonizer is used for drying the moist pellets.

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