JP2021115549A - Pelletizer - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pelletizer that can manufacture moist pellets not prone to get out of shape and disperse when discharged in sea, and can contribute to pollution prevention of sea water and to growth improvement of farmed fish and shellfish.SOLUTION: A pelletizer 10 has a cylindrical casing 12 having a feed inlet 11, a screw conveyer 13 rotatably arranged along the shaft center 12c direction in the casing 12, driving means 14 for rotating the screw conveyor 13, a leading end shaft 15 extending from the tip portion 13a of the screw conveyer 13, a first rotary inner blade 20, the cutting plate 21, a second rotary inner blade 22, pelletization plate 23 and the rotary outer blade 24, and a spring 25 holding the rotary outer blade 24 in a pressed state toward the pelletization plate 23, which are arranged in order along the conveyance direction T by the screw conveyer 13 in the coaxial state with the leading shaft 15.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present invention relates to a granulator used in the process of producing moist pellets to be fed to fish and shellfish in aquaculture farms.

Conventionally, granulators used in the process of producing moist pellets, which are feeds for farmed fish and shellfish, have been developed having various structures and functions. There are a "granulator with a stirrer" described in Patent Document 1 and a "pellet-shaped feed production apparatus" described in Patent Document 2.

The "granulator with agitator" described in Patent Document 1 is a granulator with a stirrer having a stirrer blade and a granulator screw in the stirrer tank, and the upper part in the stirrer tank is a side portion of the stirrer tank. A stirring blade drive shaft inserted horizontally from the stirring blade and a plurality of stirring blades fixed to the stirring blade drive shaft are provided, and the lower part of the stirring tank is parallel to the stirring blade drive shaft from the side of the stirring tank. A horizontally inserted granulation screw is provided, and the granulation screw is arranged so as to have a function as a stirring blade at the time of stirring and is arranged so as to be reversely rotatable, and at least at the tip thereof communicates with a stirring tank. It is characterized in that it is provided with a granulated chopper casing.

The "pellet-shaped food production apparatus" described in Patent Document 2 crushes raw fish bait with a pulverizing stirrer, and pulverizes the raw bait from a plurality of holes of a granulation die for pellet shaping provided at the discharge port of the apparatus. The crushed material extruded from the holes of the granulation die is cut with a rotary blade provided so as to contact the outer surface of the granulation die and rotate around the center of the granulation die. In the pellet-shaped food production apparatus for pelletizing, a plurality of grooves extending from the center to the outer periphery are provided on the outer surface of the granulation die, and the shape of the grooves is continuously formed from the groove base end on the center side of the granulation die. The shape is such that the blade surface of the rotary blade passes through the groove toward the tip of the groove on the outer peripheral side.

The "granulator with agitator" described in Patent Document 1 has good stirring performance, and the "pellet-shaped feed production apparatus" described in Patent Document 2 accurately cuts crushed raw feed into pellets. It has features such as being able to.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-234047 Registered Utility Model No. 3033084

Moist pellets produced by the "granulator with stirrer" described in Patent Document 1 or the "pellet-like food production apparatus" described in Patent Document 2 are soft due to insufficient pressurization during the production process. In many cases, fish bones and scales that have not been crushed into small pieces remain in the moist pellets, so when the fish and shellfish are actually cultivated in the sea, the moist pellets are released. It often loses its shape or disperses.

If the moist pellets thrown into the sea lose their shape or disperse, the predation motivation of the fish and shellfish being cultivated will decline and they will not be able to bite. As a result, it causes pollution of seawater and deteriorates the natural environment of the sea.

In addition, if the fish and shellfish that are cultivating the moist pellets put into the sea stop eating, the fish and shellfish will become undernourished and their growth will be hindered, which will lead to a delay in shipping time and a decrease in production. There are also problems.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is possible to produce moist pellets that are difficult to lose shape or disperse when put into the sea, which contributes to prevention of pollution of seawater and improvement of growth of farmed seafood. The purpose is to provide a granulator that can.

The granulator according to the present invention
A cylindrical casing with a feed inlet on a part of the peripheral wall,
A screw conveyor rotatably arranged in the casing along the axial direction thereof,
A drive means connected to the base end of the screw conveyor to rotate the screw conveyor, and
A tip shaft extending from the tip of the screw conveyor in the direction of the center line of rotation,
First rotary inner blades arranged in order along the transport direction by the screw conveyor in a state coaxial with the tip shaft, a cutting plate having a plurality of openings penetrating in the transport direction, and a second rotary inner blade. , A granulation plate having a plurality of granulation holes penetrating in the transport direction, and a rotary outer blade.
A pressurizing means for holding the rotary outer blade in a pressed state toward the granulation plate is provided.
The cutting plate and the granulating plate are locked to the casing.
The blade portion of the first rotary inner blade slidably abuts on the upstream surface of the cutting plate, and the blade portion of the second rotary inner blade slidably abuts on the upstream surface of the granulation plate. The blade portion of the rotary outer blade slidably abuts on the downstream surface of the granulation plate.
The first rotating inner blade, the second rotating inner blade, and the rotating outer blade are characterized in that they rotate in conjunction with the tip shaft.

Here, the "axial direction" is the central axial direction of the cylindrical casing, and the "transport direction by the screw conveyor" is an article (for example, raw food) conveyed by the rotation of the screw conveyor. It is the overall moving direction of the above, and the front side of the moving direction is called "downstream" and the rear side is called "upstream". Further, the "base end portion and tip end portion of the screw conveyor" mean an upstream end portion and a downstream end portion of the screw conveyor, respectively.

In the granulator, the openings of the cutting plate can be arranged around the tip shaft at equal intervals.

In the granulator, the opening of the cutting plate may have a portion that expands as it moves away from the tip axis.

In the granulation machine, the granulation hole of the granulation plate may have a portion whose diameter is continuously reduced along the transport direction.

In the granulation machine, the arrangement interval between the cutting plate and the granulation plate in the transport direction by the screw conveyor can be changed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to produce moist pellets that are difficult to lose their shape or disperse when they are put into the sea, and it is possible to contribute to the prevention of seawater contamination and the improvement of the growth of farmed fish and shellfish. Can be provided.

It is a partially omitted perspective view which shows the stirring granulation apparatus provided with the granulation machine which is an embodiment of this invention. It is a partially omitted plan view of the stirring granulation apparatus shown in FIG. It is a partially omitted perspective view of the granulator which constitutes the stirring granulation apparatus shown in FIG. It is a partially omitted plan view of the granulator shown in FIG. It is a figure seen from the arrow A direction in FIG. It is a partially omitted cross-sectional view in line BB in FIG. It is a partially enlarged view of FIG. It is a partially omitted exploded view of the part shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st rotation inner blade (second rotation inner blade) shown in FIG. It is a figure seen from the arrow C direction in FIG. It is a partially omitted perspective view of the cutting plate shown in FIG. It is a partially omitted perspective view which shows the granulation plate shown in FIG. It is a figure seen from the arrow D direction in FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially omitted cross-sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG. It is a partially omitted perspective view which shows the rotary outer blade shown in FIG. It is a figure seen from the arrow F direction in FIG.

Hereinafter, the granulator 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 16.

First, a stirring granulator 100 provided with a granulator 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the stirring and granulating apparatus 100 includes a box-shaped stirring tank 101 having an open upper surface, and a plurality of partition walls 104 for partitioning the inside of the stirring tank 101 into a plurality of stirring chambers 101a and 101b. The drive shafts 102a and 102b horizontally arranged near the bottom of the stirring chambers 101a and 101b, the stirring blades 103 attached to the outer periphery of the drive shafts 102a and 102b, and the drive means 105a for rotating the drive shafts 102a and 102b. , 105b and a granulator 10 arranged below the bottom of the stirring tank 101.

When feed (raw feed, etc.) is put into the stirring chambers 101a, 101b through the opening on the upper surface of the stirring tank 101 while rotating the driving shafts 102a, 102b by the driving means 105a, 105b, the stirring blades that rotate together with the driving shafts 102a, 102b. The feed is crushed, stirred, and mixed by 103, and falls from an openable opening (not shown) provided at the bottom of the stirring chambers 101a and 101b, and is dropped from the feed inlet 11 of the granulator 10 (see FIG. 3). ), It flows into the casing 12 of the granulator 10.

The feed that has flowed into the casing 12 of the granulator 10 is agitated, compressed, and shredded while moving in the casing 12 along the transport direction T by the screw conveyor 13 that is rotated by the drive means 14 shown in FIG. Suddenly, it is discharged as moist pellets (not shown) from the opening 27c of the head nut 27 located at the tip of the transport direction T.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the stirring granulation apparatus 100, openings (not shown) are provided at the bottoms of a plurality of stirring chambers 101a and 101b in the stirring tank 101, and these openings are provided. Opening and closing handles 106a and 106b that can be opened and closed alternately are provided. Therefore, while performing the feed stirring and mixing work in the plurality of stirring chambers 101a and 101b, the opening and closing handles 106a and 106b are operated to alternately open and close the openings of the stirring chambers 101a and 101b, thereby causing the stirring chambers 101a to open and close alternately. , 101b, the feed mixed by stirring can be alternately supplied to the feed inlet 11 of the granulator 10, so that the granulation work by the granulator 10 can be continuously performed.

Next, the granulator 10 constituting the stirring granulator 100 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8. The granulator 10 includes a casing 12, a screw conveyor 13, a driving means 14, a tip shaft 15, a first rotary inner blade 20, a cutting plate 21, a second rotary inner blade 22, a granulator plate 23, a rotary outer blade 24, and a spring. It is formed by 25 and the like.

The casing 12 has a cylindrical shape, and a feed inlet 11 is provided above the peripheral wall 12a. The screw conveyor 13 is rotatably arranged in the casing 12 along the axis 12c direction thereof. The screw conveyor 13 has a rotating shaft 13t arranged so as to be coaxial with the axis 12c, and screw blades 13w provided around the rotating shaft 13t. The pitch of the screw blades 13w is set so as to be continuously reduced from the base end portion 13b of the screw conveyor 13 toward the tip end portion 13a.

A driving means 14 (for example, a hydraulic motor or the like) for rotating the screw conveyor 13 is connected to the base end portion 13b of the screw conveyor 13. A tip shaft 15 extends from the tip 13a of the screw conveyor 13. The tip shaft 15 extends from the tip portion 13a in the direction of the rotation center line 13c.

The first rotary inner blade 20, the cutting plate 21, the second rotary inner blade 22, the granulation plate 23, and the rotary outer blade 24 are coaxial with the tip shaft 15 along the transport direction T by the screw conveyor 13 in this order. It is placed in the state.

Here, the first rotary inner blade 20 and the second rotary inner blade 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. However, since the first rotary inner blade 20 and the second rotary inner blade 22 have the same shape, the first rotary inner blade 20 and the second rotary inner blade 22 have the same shape. The first rotary inner blade 20 will be described, and the description of the second rotary inner blade 22 will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the first rotating inner blade 20 is a member having a cross-propeller shape, and has a hub 20b having a polygonal (quadrangular) shaft hole 20a and a fixed interval (90) on the outer circumference of the hub 20b. It is provided with a plurality of (four) linear blades 20c projecting at each degree interval), and a strip-shaped blade portion 20d attached to one of the rotating surfaces of each blade 20c. The polygonal pillar portion (square pillar portion 15a) of the tip shaft 15 shown in FIG. 8 can penetrate into the shaft hole 20a of the first rotation inner blade 20 (second rotation inner blade 22).

Next, the cutting plate 21 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, the cutting plate 21 is a substantially disk-shaped member having a plurality of (six) openings 21b around a circular shaft hole 21a. Each opening 21b penetrates the cutting plate 21 in the direction of the center line 21c, and has a rounded trapezoidal shape that continuously expands as the distance from the center line 21c increases. A concave groove 21d parallel to the center line 21c is provided on the outer periphery of the cutting plate 21. In the cutting plate 21, as shown in FIG. 7, the collar 31 attached to the square pillar portion 15a of the tip shaft 15 can penetrate into the shaft hole 21a (see FIG. 11) of the cutting plate 21.

Next, the granulation plate 23 will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14. As shown in FIG. 12, the granulation plate 23 is a substantially disk-shaped member having a plurality of (16) granulation holes 23b and 23c around a circular shaft hole 23a. The granulation holes 23b and 23c penetrate in the direction of the center line 23d of the granulation plate 23. A concave groove 23e parallel to the center line 23d is provided on the outer periphery of the granulation plate 23.

As shown in FIG. 13, eight granulation holes 23b are formed around the shaft hole 23a at a portion closer to the center line 23d at equal intervals (45 degree intervals) around the center line 23d. Further, with reference to the center line 23d, eight granulation holes 23c are opened at equal intervals (45 degree intervals) around the center line 23d in a portion separated from the granulation holes 23b. The arrangement of the granulation holes 23b and the arrangement of the granulation holes 23c are set in a state in which the phases are shifted by 22.5 degrees from each other with respect to the center line 23b.

As shown in FIG. 14, in the granulation hole 23b of the granulation plate 23, the inner diameter of the granulation hole 23b is continuously reduced along the transport direction T to form a reduced diameter portion 23f forming a mortar shape. There is. Specifically, inside the granulation hole 23b, the reduced diameter portion 23f extends from the upstream surface 23g of the granulation plate 23 toward the downstream surface 23h to a position of about 1/3 of the thickness 23t of the granulation plate 23. The remaining two-thirds is a constant inner diameter portion 23j in which the inner diameter does not change. Although not shown in FIG. 14, the granulation hole 23c also has a reduced diameter portion 23f and a constant inner diameter portion 23j.

Further, in the granulation plate 23, the cylindrical portion 15d of the tip shaft 15 shown in FIG. 8 can penetrate into the shaft hole 23a of the granulation plate 23, and the cylindrical portion 15d of the tip shaft 125 is the granulation plate 23. It is rotatably supported in the shaft hole 23a.

Next, the rotary outer blade 24 will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the rotating outer blade 24 is a member having a cross propeller shape, and has a hub 24b having a polygonal (quadrangular) shaft hole 24a and a fixed interval (90 degree interval) on the outer circumference of the hub 24b. ), And a plurality of (4) linear blades 24c, and a strip-shaped blade portion 24d attached to one of the rotating surfaces of each blade 24c. The polygonal pillar portion (square pillar portion 15e) of the tip shaft 15 shown in FIG. 8 can penetrate into the shaft hole 24a of the rotary outer blade 24.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the first rotary blade 20 is attached to the square pillar portion 15a of the tip shaft 15 and rotates in conjunction with the rotary shaft 13t of the screw conveyor 13. The cutting plate 21 arranged in front (downstream side) of the first rotary blade 20 in the transport direction T is attached to the inside of the tip opening 12b of the casing 12, and is locked to the casing 12 by the intermediate housing 26.

When the cutting plate 21 is attached to the inside of the tip opening 12b of the casing 12, the position of the concave groove 21d on the outer periphery of the cutting plate 21 shown in FIG. 11 is set to the convex portion provided on the upper part of the inner peripheral surface of the tip opening 12b. If the female screw portion 26b of the intermediate housing 26 is screwed into the male screw portion 12d of the casing 12 in a state where the convex portion 12g is fitted into the concave groove 21d in accordance with the position of 12g (see FIG. 8), the cutting plate is cut. 21 is non-rotatably locked in the tip opening 12b of the casing 12. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, since a plurality of handles 26h are projected in the radial direction on the outer periphery of the intermediate housing 26, the female screw portion 26b (see FIG. 8) of the intermediate housing 26 is attached to the casing 12. When attaching / detaching to / from the male screw portion 12d (see FIG. 8), the handle 26h can be grasped by hand to perform a rotation operation or the like.

As shown in FIG. 8, the intermediate housing 26 is a short cylindrical member with a step in which the inner diameters of the two openings 26a and 26c differ in size, and is formed on the inner circumference of the opening 26a on the large diameter side (upstream side). A female screw portion 26b is formed, and a male screw portion 26d is formed on the outer periphery of the opening 26c on the small diameter side (downstream side).

As described above, the female screw portion 26b on the inner circumference of the opening 26a can be screwed into the male screw portion 12d formed on the outer periphery of the tip opening 12b of the casing 12. The male screw portion 26d on the outer circumference of the opening 26c can be screwed with the female screw portion 27b of one opening 27a of the head nut 27, which will be described later.

The head nut 27 is a short cylindrical member with a step in which the inner diameters of the two openings 27a and 27c are different in size, and a female screw portion 27b is formed on the inner circumference of the opening 27a on the large diameter side (upstream side). However, no threaded portion is formed on the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the opening 27c on the small diameter side (downstream side), and the opening has a cylindrical shape. As described above, the female threaded portion 27b on the inner circumference of the opening 27a can be screwed into the male threaded portion 26d on the outer periphery of the opening 26c of the intermediate housing 26.

Next, the procedure for assembling the main part of the granulator 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, the first rotary inner blade 20 is attached so that the square pillar portion 15a of the tip shaft 15 protruding from the tip opening 12b of the casing 12 penetrates the shaft hole 20a of the first rotary blade 20. Next, the cutting plate 21 is attached so that the collar 31 mounted on the square pillar portion 15a penetrates the shaft hole 21a of the cutting plate 21. The collar 31 is a short cylindrical member, and a square hole (not shown) through which a quadrangular prism portion 15a can penetrate is formed on the inner peripheral side thereof, and the outer peripheral side can penetrate into the shaft hole 21a of the cutting plate 21. It has a circumferential surface (not shown). Since the collar 31 is integrated with the quadrangular prism portion 15a, it rotates together with the tip shaft 15, but the collar 31 is held in a rotatable state together with the tip shaft 15 in the shaft hole 21a of the cutting plate 21.

After the first rotating inner blade 20 and the cutting plate 21 have been attached to the square pillar portion 15a of the tip shaft 15, the female screw portion 26b of the intermediate housing 26 is screwed into the male screw portion 12d on the outer periphery of the tip opening 12b of the casing 12. To wear. After that, a through hole 26f of a substantially fan-shaped locking piece 26e projecting from the outer periphery of the opening 26a of the intermediate housing 26 and a through hole of the flange 12e formed on the outer periphery near the tip opening 12b of the casing 12. When the L-shaped detent pin 29 is inserted so as to continuously penetrate the 12f and the pin 30 is inserted into the through hole 29b of the tip 29a of the detent pin 29 protruding from the through hole 12e, the casing 12 is inserted. The intermediate casing 26 is non-rotatably locked.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, a plurality of through holes 12f are provided in the flange 12e of the casing 12 along the circumferential direction over the entire circumference at regular intervals, and the locking piece of the intermediate housing 26 is formed. A plurality of through holes 26f are provided in the 26e along the circumferential direction at intervals different from those of the through holes 12f of the flange 12e. Therefore, when the intermediate housing 26 is screwed into the tip opening 12b of the casing 12, the through holes 26f and 12f are located at any position in the circumferential direction of the flange 12e of the casing 12 when the locking piece 26e of the intermediate housing 26 is screwed. The anti-rotation pin 29 can be inserted into the housing.

That is, when the female screw portion 26b of the intermediate housing 26 is screwed into the male screw portion 12d on the outer periphery of the tip opening 12b of the casing 12 and tightened, any pair of the plurality of through holes 26f and 12f is on a straight line. (The center lines of the through holes 26f and 12f are aligned), so insert the detent pin 29 so that the through holes 26f and 12f lined up in a straight line continuously penetrate from the downstream side, and insert the through holes. If the pin 30 is inserted into the through hole 29b of the tip end portion 29a of the detent pin 29 protruding from the upstream side of the 12e, the intermediate casing 26 is non-rotatably locked at that position.

Next, the second rotating inner blade 22 is inserted so that the square column portion 15a of the tip shaft 15 protruding from the opening 26c of the intermediate housing 26 penetrates the shaft hole 20a (see FIG. 10) of the second rotating inner blade 22. After that, the granulation plate 23 is attached so that the cylindrical portion 15d of the tip shaft 15 protruding from the shaft hole 20a of the second rotary inner blade 22 penetrates the granulation plate 23 23a (see FIG. 12).

When the granulation plate 23 is attached to the cylindrical portion 15d of the tip shaft 15 protruding from the shaft hole 20a of the second rotating inner blade 22, the position of the concave groove 23e on the outer circumference of the granulation plate 23 shown in FIG. 12 is set to the intermediate housing 26. The granulation plate 23 can be attached in a state where the convex portion 26g is fitted into the concave groove 23e in accordance with the position of the convex portion 26g (see FIG. 8) provided on the upper part of the inner peripheral surface of the opening 26c on the downstream side of the above. For example, the granulation plate 23 is locked to the intermediate housing 26.

After that, the female screw portion 27b of the head nut 27 is screwed to the male screw portion 26d on the outer periphery of the opening 26c of the intermediate housing 26, and the head nut 27 is integrated with the intermediate housing 26. Is non-rotatably locked to the casing 12 via the intermediate housing 26, and the cylindrical portion 15d of the tip shaft 15 is held in a rotatable state in the shaft hole 23a of the granulation plate 23. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, since a plurality of handles 27h project from the front portion of the head nut 27 in the axial direction, the female screw portion 27b of the head nut 27 is inserted into the opening of the intermediate housing 26. When attaching / detaching to / from the male screw portion 26d on the outer periphery of 26c, the handle 27h can be grasped by hand to perform a rotation operation or the like.

After that, the rotary outer blade 24 and the spring 25 are attached to the square pillar portion 15e on the tip side of the tip shaft 15 protruding from the shaft hole 23a of the granulation plate 23, and the presser bolt 28 is inserted into the female screw hole 15b of the square pillar portion 15e. When screwed, the granulation plate 23 is locked in a rotatable state together with the tip shaft 15. The rotating outer blade 24 is subjected to a pressing force toward the granulation plate 23 along the direction of the rotation center line 13c by the elastic restoring force of the spring 25, but the screwing depth of the pressing bolt 28 with respect to the female screw hole 15b. The pressing force can be adjusted by changing.

The granulation plate 23 located in front of the second rotary inner blade 22 in the transport direction T is non-rotatably locked to the intermediate housing 26 by the head nut 27. Since the rotary outer blade 24 located in front of the granulation plate 23 in the transport direction T is locked to the tip of the tip shaft 15 by the spring 25 and the presser bolt 28, it is interlocked with the rotary shaft 13t of the screw conveyor 13. And rotate.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in the granulator 10, the blade portion 20d (see FIGS. 9 and 10) of the blade 20c of the first rotary inner blade 20 slides on the upstream surface 21e of the cutting plate 21. The blade 20d (see FIGS. 9 and 10) of the blade 20c of the second rotating inner blade 22 slidably contacts the upstream surface 23g of the granulation plate 23, and the blade of the rotating outer blade 24 is movably contacted. The blade portion 24d of 24c is slidably in contact with the downstream surface 23h (see FIG. 14) of the granulation plate 23.

When the stirring granulator 100 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is operated, the driving shafts 102a and 102b and the stirring blade 103 in the stirring tank 101 are rotated by the driving means 105a and 105b, and the granulation shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 is performed. In the machine 10, the rotating shaft 13t and the tip shaft 15 of the screw conveyor 13 are rotated by the driving means 14. As a result, the first rotating inner blade 20, the second rotating inner blade 22, and the rotating outer blade 24 locked to the tip shaft 15 rotate in conjunction with the tip shaft 15.

In such a state, when feed (live food or the like) is put into the stirring chambers 101a and 101b from the upper surface opening of the stirring tank 101, the feed is crushed, stirred and mixed by the stirring blade 103 rotating together with the drive shafts 102a and 102b. NS. When the feed in the stirring chambers 101a and 101b is crushed, stirred and mixed to an appropriate state, any of the opening / closing handles 106a and 106b shown in FIG. 1 is operated to open an opening provided at the bottom of the stirring chambers 101a and 101b. Part (not shown) is opened to allow the feed in the stirring chamber 101a or the stirring chamber 101b to flow into the feed inlet 11 of the granulator 10.

The feed that has flowed into the casing 12 of the granulator 10 is transferred while being compressed along the transport direction T in the casing 12 by the screw conveyor 13 that is rotated by the drive means 14 shown in FIG. It reaches the portion of the blade 20 and the cutting plate 21 and is press-fitted into the plurality of openings 21b provided in the cutting plate 21. At this time, the blade portion 20d of the first rotating inner blade 20 that rotates on the upstream surface 21e side of the cutting plate 21 slides and rotates in contact with the upstream surface 21e of the cutting plate 21 to flow into the opening 21b. Since the feed is sheared, the feed flows into the plurality of openings 21b in a finely crushed state.

The feed that has passed through the opening 21b of the cutting plate 21 is discharged from the downstream surface 21f (see FIG. 8) side of the cutting plate 21 and reaches the second rotating inner blade 22 and the granulation plate 23, and reaches the granulation plate 23. It is press-fitted into a plurality of granulation holes 23b and 23c opened in 23. At this time, the blade portion 20d of the second rotating inner blade 22 that rotates on the upstream side of the granulation plate 23 slides and rotates in contact with the upstream surface 23g of the granulation plate 23, so that the granulation holes 23b, Since the feed flowing into the 23c is sheared, the feed flows into the plurality of granulation holes 23b, 23c in a finely crushed state.

Here, the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of granulation holes 23b and 23c on the upstream surface 23g of the granulation plate 23 is smaller than the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of openings 21b on the downstream surface 21f of the cutting plate 21. Therefore, the feed discharged from the downstream surface 21f side of the opening 21b of the cutting plate 21 moves toward the upstream surface 23g of the granulation plate 23 while being further compressed. After that, as described above, the blade portion of the second rotating inner blade 22 that slides and rotates in contact with the upstream surface 23g of the granulation plate 23 shears the feed flowing into the opening 21b, so that the feed is prepared. It flows into the plurality of openings 21b in a state of being further finely crushed.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in the granulation holes 23b and 23c of the granulation plate 23, a reduced diameter portion 23f is formed from the upstream surface 23g toward the downstream surface 23h (along the transport direction T). (The granulation hole 23c has the same shape). Therefore, the feed that has flowed into the plurality of granulation holes 23b and 23c from the upstream surface 23g side of the granulation plate 23 is further compressed by passing through the reduced diameter portion 23f in the granulation holes 23b and 23c. , It flows into the constant inner diameter portion 23j and moves toward the downstream surface 23h of the granulation holes 23b and 23c.

The feed that has reached the downstream surface 23h side of the granulation holes 23b and 23c is discharged in a wiener shape from the respective opening ends, but at this time, it slides and rotates along the downstream surface 23h of the granulation plate 23. It is cut to a predetermined length by the blade portion 24d of the rotary outer blade 24, and is discharged as moist pellets (not shown) from the opening 27c of the head nut 27 located at the tip in the transport direction T.

As described above, the granulator 10 includes a cutting plate 21 and a granulating plate 23, and has a first rotating inner blade 20 having a blade portion 20d that slides and rotates in contact with the upstream surface 21e of the cutting plate 21. And a second rotating inner blade 22 having a blade portion 20d that slides and rotates in contact with the upstream surface 23g of the granulation plate 23, so that the moist is discharged from the opening 27c of the head nut 27. The pellets have an appropriate hardness, and no fish bones or scales that are not crushed into small pieces remain. Therefore, by using the granulator 10, it is possible to produce moist pellets that are difficult to lose their shape or disperse when they are put into the sea.

Further, the moist pellets produced by the granulator 10 are less likely to lose their shape or disperse in the sea, so that it is possible to prevent the pollution of seawater caused by the feed that has not been predated. Furthermore, by maintaining the shape of the moist pellets put into the sea, it is difficult for the fish and shellfish to be less motivated to prey, which can contribute to the improvement of the growth of the cultured fish and shellfish.

On the other hand, in the granulation machine 10, the arrangement interval between the first rotary inner blade 20 and the cutting plate 21 in the transport direction T by the screw conveyor 13 and the second rotary inner blade 20 and the granulation plate 23 can be changed. You can also. With such a configuration, the type and state of the feed charged into the stirring tank 101 of the stirring and granulating apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, or the feed after stirring and mixing flowing into the feed introduction port 11 of the granulating machine 10. By changing the arrangement interval between the second rotating inner blade 20 and the granulation plate 23 according to the condition, moist pellets having appropriate hardness and no remaining finely crushed fish bones or scales can be obtained. Can be manufactured.

The granulation machine 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 16 shows an example of the granulation machine according to the present invention, and the granulation machine according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned granulation machine 100. ..

The granulator according to the present invention can be widely used in industrial fields such as aquaculture as a means for producing moist pellets to be fed to fish and shellfish in aquaculture farms.

10 Granulator 11 Feed inlet 12 Casing 12a Peripheral wall 12b Tip opening 12c Axis center 12d Male thread 12e Flange 12f, 26f, 29b Through hole 12g, 26g Convex 13 Screw conveyor 13a Tip 13b Base end 13t Rotating shaft 13w Screw blade 13c Rotation center line 14, 105a, 105b Drive means 15 Tip shaft 15a, 15c, 15e Square pillar part 15b Female screw hole 15d Cylindrical part 20 First rotation inner blade 20a, 21a, 23a, 24a Shaft hole 20b, 24b Hub 20c Blade 20d Blade 21 Cutting plate 21c, 23d Center line 21d, 23e Concave groove 21e, 23g Upstream surface 21f, 23h Downstream surface 22 Second rotation inner blade 23 Granulation plate 23b, 23c Granulation hole 23f Reduced diameter part 23j Constant inner diameter part 23t Thickness 24 Rotating outer blade 25 Spring 26 Intermediate housing 26a, 26c, 27c Opening 26b, 27b Female screw part 26e Locking piece 26h, 27h Handle 27 Head nut 28 Holding bolt 29 Anti-rotation pin 29a Tip part 30 Pin 31 Color 100 Stirring granulator 101 Stirring tank 101a, 101b Stirring chamber 102a, 102b Drive shaft 103 Stirring blade 104 Partition partition 106a, 106b Opening / closing handle T Transport direction

Claims (5)

A cylindrical casing with a feed inlet on a part of the peripheral wall,
A screw conveyor rotatably arranged in the casing along the axial direction thereof,
A drive means connected to the base end of the screw conveyor to rotate the screw conveyor, and
A tip shaft extending from the tip of the screw conveyor in the direction of the center line of rotation,
First rotary inner blades arranged in order along the transport direction by the screw conveyor in a state coaxial with the tip shaft, a cutting plate having a plurality of openings penetrating in the transport direction, and a second rotary inner blade. , A granulation plate having a plurality of granulation holes penetrating in the transport direction, and a rotary outer blade.
A pressurizing means for holding the rotary outer blade in a pressed state toward the granulation plate is provided.
The cutting plate and the granulating plate are locked to the casing.
The blade portion of the first rotary inner blade slidably contacts the upstream surface of the cutting plate, and the blade portion of the second rotary inner blade slidably contacts the upstream surface of the granulation plate. The blade portion of the rotary outer blade slidably abuts on the downstream surface of the granulation plate,
A granulator characterized in that the first rotary inner blade, the second rotary inner blade, and the rotary outer blade rotate in conjunction with the tip shaft. The granulator according to claim 1, wherein the openings of the cutting plate are arranged around the tip shaft at equal intervals. The granulator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening of the cutting plate has a portion that expands as it moves away from the tip shaft. The granulator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the granulation hole of the granulation plate has a portion whose diameter is continuously reduced along the transport direction. The granulator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the arrangement interval between the cutting plate and the granulating plate in the transport direction by the screw conveyor can be changed.

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