JP2008261372A - Shock absorbing body and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shock absorbing body absorbing impact energy by the elastic deformation thereof caused when a compressive impact load is applied thereto, easily manufactured, and providing stable crushing characteristics. <P>SOLUTION: This shock absorbing body comprises: a plurality of connection plates 2, 3, 4 expending parallel to the direction vertical to the direction of the impact load at intervals relative to each other in the direction of the impact load 20; and a shock absorbing tube unit 1. The shock absorbing tube unit 1 has a shock absorbing tube 1a and a restraining plate 1b secured to both ends thereof beforehand. A plurality of shock absorbing units 1 are arranged parallel to each other between the connection plates 2, 3, 4 adjacent to each other. The connection plates 2, 3, 4 are joined to the restraining plate 1b. The connection plates 2, 3, 4 is three or more in quantity, and arranged parallel to each other at intervals in the direction of the impact load 20. The plurality of shock absorbing tube units 1 are arranged in multiple stages between the connection plates 2, 3, 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact buffer for mitigating an impact that occurs when a heavy object falls or when a transportation device collides, and a manufacturing method thereof.

  In general, in order to absorb impact energy generated when a heavy object is dropped or when a transportation apparatus collides, an impact absorber that uses plastic deformation when a member is crushed is widely used. For this type of shock absorber, many studies have been made on the material and shape of members and the arrangement and combination of members.

In such a shock absorber, there is a device in which a thin cylinder is used as a member for shock reduction and is combined in multiple stages as a method for arranging and combining the members (for example, see Patent Document 1). This is a multi-stage arrangement of a plurality of thin-walled cylinders that absorb energy by plastic deformation when subjected to an axial impact load. In addition, it is a structure that combines similar thin cylinders in multiple stages, but the member is detached from the main body at the time of crushing in consideration of cost reduction due to simplicity of processing method and handling in the storage pit of radioactive waste Some have a mechanism that prevents this and facilitates collection (see, for example, Patent Document 2). In addition, as an example in which the cross-sectional shape of the buffer member is devised, there is a case in which the member stably shocks by providing a groove portion that is recessed in the cross-section of the member as in Patent Document 3.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-45585 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-168428 JP 2006-207726 A

  In the impact buffer body of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, both end portions of a plurality of thin cylindrical buffer members are welded and joined to the upper plate and the lower plate, respectively. In such a structure, since it is necessary to perform welding in a narrow space, the manufacturing cost increases because welding is difficult and workability is poor. Also, because welding is difficult, there is a possibility that a poorly welded part may occur. If this part is subjected to an impact, when the buffer member is crushed, the welded part will crack, and the buffer member will exhibit its original performance. There are problems that can't be met.

  In Patent Document 2, in order to solve the above-described problem, a buffer member end portion is fitted to a ring, and the buffer shaft is buffered without any welding by fastening the central axis of the stacked buffer members with a rod or a wire. The member is fixed. However, in the case of such a buffer structure, there is a problem that the number of parts constituting the buffer increases. Further, in the crushing process of the buffer member, since the influence of the restraint condition of the member end is large, it is considered that the welded structure follows the stable crushing process rather than the fitting structure.

  Furthermore, in Patent Document 1, when the shock absorber is used under the condition that a normal dead load is applied, a load other than the impact force, for example, a force perpendicular to the direction assumed by the shock absorber due to an earthquake is applied. If this is the case, there may be a problem of crushing.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. An impact buffer that absorbs impact energy by plastic deformation when subjected to a compressive impact load has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is stable. It aims to be able to obtain the crushing characteristics.

  In order to achieve the above object, an impact buffer according to the present invention is an impact buffer that receives a compressive impact load in a certain direction. A plurality of connecting plates extending parallel to the vertical direction; and (b) a buffer tube and a restraint plate fixed to both ends of the buffer tube, and a plurality of the connecting plates are arranged in parallel between the connecting plates adjacent to each other. And a buffer tube unit in which the connecting plate and the restraining plate are joined.

  The impact buffer according to the present invention is an impact buffer that receives a compressive impact load in a certain direction. (A) A predetermined distance from the impact load direction and parallel to a direction perpendicular to the impact load direction. A plurality of connecting plates extending; (b) a buffer tube; a restraint plate fixed to both ends of the buffer tube; an inner buffer tube disposed coaxially with the buffer tube inside the buffer tube; An inner restraint plate fixed to both ends of the buffer tube, the buffer tube unit being disposed between the plurality of adjacent connection plates, wherein the connection plate and the restraint plate are joined to each other. And

  The shock absorber manufacturing method according to the present invention is a shock absorber manufacturing method that receives a compressive impact load in a fixed direction, and manufactures a buffer tube unit by fixing a buffer tube and restraint plates to both ends of the buffer tube. And a step of arranging a plurality of the buffer tube units side by side between parallel connecting plates and joining the connecting plate and the restraining plate.

  According to the present invention, an impact buffer that absorbs impact energy by plastic deformation when subjected to a compressive impact load can have a simple structure, easy manufacture, and stable crushing characteristics. it can.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of an impact buffer according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, the same or similar components are denoted by common reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

[First Embodiment]
First, a first embodiment of an impact buffer according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. Here, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shock absorber according to the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. The impact buffer 90 absorbs and relaxes impact energy, for example, by plastic deformation when receiving a compression impact load 20 from above. A plurality of connecting plates 2, 3, 4 parallel to each other are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the impact load 20, that is, in the horizontal direction. Of these connecting plates, the uppermost one is called the upper plate 2, the lowermost one is called the lower plate 4, and the one between the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 4 is called the intermediate plate 3. . A plurality of buffer tube units 1 are arranged at positions sandwiched between adjacent connecting plates 2, 3, 4, and a plurality of stages (three stages in the example of FIG. 1) are stacked.

  The structure of the buffer tube unit 1 is shown in FIGS. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the buffer tube unit 1, and FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. The buffer tube unit 1 includes a rectangular tube-shaped buffer tube 1a and a restraining plate 1b fixed to both ends of the buffer tube 1a. The restraint plate 1b projects outward from the side surface of the buffer tube 1a, and a bolt hole 6a is formed in the projecting portion.

  Each buffer tube unit 1 is arranged so that the buffer tube 1a faces the direction of the impact load 20 (vertical direction), and is fixed to the connecting plates 2, 3, and 4 by passing the bolt 6 through the bolt hole 6a of the restraint plate 1b. Has been. A gripping tool 5 is fixed to the upper surface of the upper plate 2. In addition, in FIG. 1, each bolt 6 is shown with the simple dashed-dotted line.

  In assembling the shock absorbing body 90, the buffer pipe unit 1 is formed by welding the buffer pipe 1a and the restraining plate 1b one by one in advance. In this welding operation, each buffer tube 1a and restraint plate 1b can be freely arranged without being interfered by the connecting plates 2, 3, and 4, so that the workability is good and the welding quality is high. Can keep. In this welding, the buffer tube 1a and the restraint plate 1b can be tightly restrained, for example, as a full circumference welding or a spot welding. After the buffer tube unit 1 is formed, the buffer tube unit 1 may be attached to the connecting plates 2, 3, 4 with the bolt 6.

  In the example shown in the figure, the connecting plates 2, 3, 4 are disk-shaped, and four buffer tube units 1 are axially symmetrical at positions sandwiched between two connecting plates 2, 3, 4 adjacent to each other. Is arranged. Further, each stage of the buffer pipe unit 1 is arranged at a position where the buffer pipe unit 1 overlaps the direction of the impact load 20 (vertical direction).

  In this embodiment, when the impact load 20 acts on the impact buffer, the buffer tube 1a undergoes plastic deformation and is crushed, thereby absorbing the impact energy. The impact buffer can have a simple structure, a stable quality, and an inexpensive one.

  In the above description, there are two intermediate plates 3 and the buffer tube units 1 are arranged in three stages in the direction of the impact load 20, but the number of stages is arbitrary. For example, it is possible to eliminate the intermediate plate 3 and use only the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 4 as the connecting plates and the buffer tube unit 1 in only one stage. Further, in the above example, the four buffer tube units 1 are arranged in an axisymmetric manner in the above example, but the number and the arrangement are arbitrary. Furthermore, in the above example, the buffer tube 1a has a rectangular tube shape, but it can be changed to any shape such as a cylindrical shape.

  In the above example, the buffer tube units 1 have the same shape and dimensions. In this case, the step (layer) of the buffer tube 1 that is first crushed when subjected to an impact load is not specified, and the step having the weakest rigidity is crushed first due to a subtle difference such as a constraint condition. For this reason, the collapse order of each stage cannot be predicted. Therefore, when it is desired to crush the buffer tube units 1 of each stage in a specific order, the rigidity and the shape may be changed by changing the shape and dimensions of the buffer tube units 1 of each stage.

  In the above example, the buffer tube unit 1 and the connecting plates 2, 3, 4 are fastened using the bolts 6, but may be fixed by spot welding, rivets, or an adhesive.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the shock absorber according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a view showing the shock absorber of the second embodiment, and is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken along line VIII in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 is a side view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 10 is a front view of the buffer tube unit in this embodiment, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the buffer tube unit.

  In this embodiment, each buffer tube 1a is not a simple rectangular tube shape, and the cross-sectional shape is H-shaped and hollow. Further, a groove 62 is formed in the connecting plates 2, 3, 4, and the restraining plate 1 b of the buffer tube unit 1 is fitted along the groove 62 and slides in the horizontal direction. The cross-sectional shape of the groove 62 is such that the bottom of the groove 62 is widened as shown in FIG. 9, and the restraint plate 1 b is fitted into the groove 62 so that the restraint plate 1 b does not come off from the groove 62 in the vertical direction. It can slide only in the horizontal direction along the direction 62. When the restraint plate 1b is fitted into the groove 62 and reaches a predetermined position, the restraint plate 1b can be prevented from coming off from the groove 62 in a horizontal direction by inserting the pin 8 into the hole at the bottom of the groove 62 and stopping. . Therefore, in this case, there is no need to bolt the constraining plate 1b to the connecting plates 2, 3, and 4, and the buffer tube unit 1 can be easily attached to the connecting plates 2, 3, and 4.

  Furthermore, in the shock absorber 90 of the second embodiment, the legs 7 are provided at the lower part of the lower plate 4, and when the shock buffer is installed, a space is created below the shock buffer. . A vertical through hole 64 is provided at the center of the upper plate 2, the intermediate plate 3, the lower plate 4, and the grip 5.

  When the impact buffer 90 of the second embodiment is installed at the bottom of the waste storage pipe 15, the situation when it is crushed by receiving a compressive impact load will be described with reference to FIGS. explain. Here, FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the impact buffer 90 of this embodiment is disposed at the bottom of the waste storage tube 15, and FIG. 14 shows an impact load 20 applied from above the impact buffer 90. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the buffer pipe 1a is plastically deformed thereby. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where the impact buffer 90 is recovered after the state shown in FIG. 14, and FIG. 16 is a bottom sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 15, when the impact buffer 90 disposed at the bottom of the waste storage tube 15 is crushed, the buffer tube unit 1 falls to the waste storage tube 15 side, and the upper plate 2, the intermediate plate 3, There is a risk of being sandwiched between the lower plate 4 and the inner wall of the waste storage pipe 15. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the buffer tube unit 1 and the inner wall of the waste storage tube 15 come into contact with each other. When the impact buffer 90 is deformed in this way, it is difficult to extract the impact buffer 90 from the waste storage tube 15 and collect it.

  Therefore, in the shock absorber 90 of this embodiment, a through hole 64 is provided at the center of the upper plate 2, the intermediate plate 3, the lower plate 4, and the gripper 5, and the extraction jig 16 is passed through these through holes 64. The impact buffer 90 can be pulled out. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the drawing jig 16 includes a rod-like portion 65 extending linearly in the vertical direction and a claw 66 attached to the lower end of the rod-like portion 65. The claws 66 are foldable, and as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the four claws 66 can be developed in a cross shape with the lower end of the rod-like portion 65 as the center.

  A leg 7 is attached to the lower surface of the lower plate 4 of the shock absorber 90, and a space 67 is formed by the leg 7 between the lower surface of the lower plate 4 and the bottom of the waste storage tube 15. As shown in FIG. 16, for example, four legs 7 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the lower plate 4.

  When the impact buffer 90 receives the impact load 20 and is crushed as shown in FIG. 14 with the impact buffer 90 placed on the bottom of the waste storage tube 15, the extraction jig 16 is clamped with the claw 66 folded. The claw 66 is unfolded when the lower end of the extraction jig 16 reaches the space 67 through the through hole 64 from above. Thereafter, by pulling up the rod-shaped portion 65, as shown in FIG. 15, the claw 66 hits the lower surface of the lower plate 4, the impact buffer 90 can be lifted up, taken out from the waste storage tube 15, and collected.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the shock absorber according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 17 is a plan sectional view showing an impact buffer according to the third embodiment. The third embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, and shows an example in which the shape of the groove 62 of the connecting plate (upper plate 2, intermediate plate 3, lower plate 4) is devised. That is, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the groove 62 extends linearly in the horizontal direction, but in the third embodiment, the groove 62 is bent at a right angle in the horizontal plane. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the buffer tube unit 1 from inadvertently sliding along the groove 62 and coming off from the connecting plates 2, 3, 4. In the third embodiment, after the shock absorber 1 is positioned with respect to the connecting plates 2, 3, and 4, the stopper plate 10 is attached instead of the pin 8 in the second embodiment, so that the buffer tube unit 1 position in the insertion direction is constrained. In addition, the pin similar to 2nd Embodiment may be used for restraint of this insertion direction position, and a volt | bolt may be used similarly to 1st Embodiment. Further, welding or rivets may be used.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 18 and FIG. 19, 4th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention is described. FIG. 18 is a plan sectional view showing an impact buffer according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 19 is a sectional view taken along line XIX-XIX in FIG.

  In this embodiment, a plurality of buffer tubes 1 in the same step (layer) are connected to each other by wires 9. When this shock absorber receives an impact load and undergoes plastic deformation, and the buffer tube unit 1 and the coupling plates 2, 3, 4 are uncoupled, the wire 9 is lifted to facilitate the buffer tube unit 1. Can be recovered.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 20 and FIG. 21, a fifth embodiment of the shock absorber according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an impact buffer according to the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state when the impact buffer receives a load in an oblique direction.

  In this embodiment, one of the intermediate plates 3 is made up of two parts, an upper curved surface seat 11a and a lower curved surface seat 11b, which face each other vertically. In the illustrated example, the upper curved surface seat 11a has a downwardly convex spherical surface, the lower curved surface seat 11b has an upward concave spherical surface, and these curved surfaces form a common curved surface and are in close contact with each other. When the axes of the upper part and the lower part are inclined with respect to this surface, the curved surface can slide.

  By adopting such a structure, it is possible to maintain a posture in which the lower curved surface seat 11b does not tilt even when the upper curved surface seat 11a is tilted as shown in FIG. With such a structure, even when the waste container 18 falls to the impact buffer in an inclined posture and the crushing of the uppermost buffer tube unit 1 is biased, the buffer tube unit 1 in the second and subsequent stages from the top is used. In this case, the upper inclination is not transmitted and can be crushed stably.

  20 and 21, only the intermediate plate between the first and second steps from the top is changed to a curved seat, but which intermediate plate is changed to two curved seats depending on the number of steps of the buffer tube unit 1. Alternatively, curved seats may be used in all stages. 20 and 21, the upper curved surface seat 11a may have a concave spherical surface and the lower curved surface seat 11b may have a convex spherical surface. Furthermore, in the above description, the contact / sliding surface is a spherical surface, but it may be a cylindrical surface. In that case, the direction of the inclination of the axis of the upper part and the lower part is limited to a specific direction.

[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, a sixth embodiment of the shock absorber according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an impact buffer according to the sixth embodiment.

  In this embodiment, each buffer tube unit 1 is inclined with respect to the direction of the impact load 20 so that the upper portion of each buffer tube unit 1 is located closer to the axial center of the shock absorber 90 than the lower portion. A stopper 12 is attached to the outside of the portion where the connecting plate (upper plate 2, intermediate plate 3, lower plate 4) is in contact with the upper end of each buffer tube unit 1, and comes out when the buffer tube unit 1 is crushed. It has a structure that prevents this. The entire impact buffer 90 is configured to be symmetric with respect to the axial center.

  According to this embodiment, the buffer tube unit 1 is crushed in the direction of the central axis of the shock absorber 90 when crushing, and there is an effect that the shock absorber 90 is prevented from being detached to the outside.

[Seventh Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 23 thru | or FIG. 25, 7th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention is described. FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the shock absorber according to the seventh embodiment, FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XXIV-XXIV in FIG. 23, and FIG. 25 is plastically deformed by receiving the impact load. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a state.

  This embodiment is an example in which there is only one intermediate plate 3 between the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 4, and the buffer tube units 1 are arranged in two stages between them. In this embodiment, a large number of upper rods 13 a extending in the direction of the impact load 20 are arranged between the upper plate 2 and the intermediate plate 3 outside the buffer tube unit 1. Similarly, a large number of lower rods 13 b extending in the direction of the impact load 20 are arranged between the lower plate 4 and the intermediate plate 3 outside the buffer tube unit 1.

  The lower end of each upper rod 13 a is fixed at a position facing the upper plate 2 of the intermediate plate 3. A rod insertion hole 69a into which the upper rod 13a is inserted is provided on the lower surface of the upper plate 2. The upper rod 13a is inserted into the rod insertion hole 69a of the upper plate 2 when the space between the upper plate 2 and the intermediate plate 3 is reduced by receiving the impact load 20 and crushing the buffer tube unit 1. Slide. Similar to the upper rod 13a, the lower end of the lower rod 13b is fixed at a position facing the intermediate plate 3 of the lower plate 4, and when the distance between the intermediate plate 3 and the lower plate 4 is reduced, the lower rod 13b is intermediate. It slides so as to be inserted into the rod insertion hole 69b of the plate 3 (see FIG. 25).

  In this embodiment, the postures of the connecting plates 2, 3, 4 can be held perpendicular to the direction of the impact load 20. Furthermore, since a large number of upper rods 13a and lower rods 13b are arranged outside the buffer tube unit 1, when the buffer tube unit 1 is crushed, the buffer tube unit 1 is broken and the connecting plate, that is, the upper plate 2, Even when separated from the intermediate plate 3 and the lower plate 4, the members can be prevented from scattering. In addition, even when an earthquake load in a direction perpendicular to the impact load 20 (horizontal direction) is applied, the rod has an effect of acting as a reinforcing material that resists the shearing force between the upper and lower surfaces of the impact buffer.

  In the description of the above embodiment, the lower ends of the upper rod 13a and the lower rod 13b are fixed and the upper ends are slidable. On the contrary, the upper ends are fixed and the lower ends are slidable. It is good.

[Eighth Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 26 and 27, an eighth embodiment of the shock absorber according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an impact buffer according to the eighth embodiment, and FIG. 27 is a sectional view taken along the line XXVII-XXVII in FIG. This embodiment is a modification of the seventh embodiment, and instead of the upper rod 13a and the lower rod 13b of the seventh embodiment, the width in the circumferential direction of the upper plate 2, the intermediate plate 3 and the lower plate 4 is A wide guide plate 23 is employed. According to this embodiment, the effect which prevents the scattering of the member when the buffer pipe unit 1 is damaged is larger than the case of the seventh embodiment.

[Ninth Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 28 and FIG. 29, 9th Embodiment of the impact buffering body which concerns on this invention is described. FIG. 28 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing an impact buffer according to the ninth embodiment, and FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXIX-XXIX in FIG.

  This embodiment is a modification of the seventh embodiment, and employs an upper guide rail 72 and a lower guide rail 73 instead of the upper rod 13a and the lower rod 13b of the seventh embodiment. In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the upper guide rail 72 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper plate 2, and the lower guide rail 73 is fixed to the upper surface of the intermediate plate 3. The upper guide rail 72 and the lower guide rail 73 are configured to be slidable in the vertical direction while being engaged with each other and restrained in the horizontal direction.

[Tenth embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 30, a tenth embodiment of the shock absorber according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 30 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the impact buffer according to the tenth embodiment is disposed at the bottom of the waste storage tube and a waste container is placed thereon.

  In the present embodiment, the shock buffer 17 is disposed and fastened so as to cover, for example, the bottom and the outer surface of the shock buffer 90 of the first embodiment. An impact buffer including a buffer guard 17 is installed at the bottom of the waste storage tube 15.

  In the shock absorber configured as described above, even when the waste container 18 has fallen, the buffer member is deformed and damaged, and even if the shock absorber is scattered outside the shock buffer, the shock absorber guard 17 Since the contact between the member and the waste storage tube 15 is hindered, the impact buffer can be easily recovered after being crushed.

[Eleventh embodiment]
Next, an eleventh embodiment of the shock absorber according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an impact buffer according to the eleventh embodiment. 32 is a longitudinal sectional view of the buffer tube unit in the shock absorber shown in FIG. 31, and FIG. 33 is a sectional view taken along the line XXXIII-XXXIII in FIG.

  In this embodiment, the buffer tube unit 1 sandwiched between the connecting plates 2, 3, 4 has a nested structure. That is, in each buffer tube unit 1, an outer portion is formed by the lower restraint plate 101b, the upper restraint plate 201b, and the outer buffer tube 101a welded to the lower restraint plate 101b and the upper restraint plate 201b. . An intermediate portion is formed inside the outer portion by the lower restraint plate 101b, the upper restraint plate 301b, and the intermediate buffer tube 301a welded to the lower restraint plate 101b and the upper restraint plate 301b. Further, an intermediate portion is formed inside the intermediate portion by a lower restraint plate 101b, an upper restraint plate 401b, and an inner buffer tube 401a welded to the lower restraint plate 101b and the upper restraint plate 401b.

  Gaps are formed in the direction of the impact load 20 between the upper restraint plate 201b and the upper restraint plate 301b and between the upper restraint plate 301b and the upper restraint plate 401b, respectively. An annular gap is formed between the outer buffer tube 101a and the intermediate buffer tube 301a and between the intermediate buffer tube 301a and the inner buffer tube 401a.

  The lower restraint plate 101b and the upper restraint plate 201b on the outer side of the buffer tube unit 1 having the nested structure are fixed to the connecting plates 2, 3, and 4 by bolts or the like.

  In the shock absorber configured as described above, the buffer tube is crushed in order from the large-sized buffer tube 101a in each stage, thereby controlling the maximum load at the start of the collapse and the number of buffer tubes. The target absorbed energy amount can be secured by increasing / decreasing.

[Other Embodiments]
Each embodiment described above is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

  For example, in each embodiment, the number of stages of the buffer tube units is arbitrary, and the number and arrangement of the buffer tube units in each stage are also arbitrary. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the buffer tube can be variously changed to a circle or an ellipse in addition to a square or an H shape. The features of the above embodiments can be combined in various ways. For example, in the eleventh embodiment (FIGS. 31 to 33), one buffer tube unit with a nested structure constitutes each stage, and the buffer tube unit with such a nested structure is replaced with one buffer tube unit. Thus, a plurality of buffer tube units having such a nested structure may be arranged in parallel in each stage as in other embodiments.

  Further, the direction of the impact load is not limited to the downward direction, and may be an arbitrary direction. Further, the through hole 64 of the second embodiment can also be adopted in the first embodiment.

It is a longitudinal section showing a 1st embodiment of an impact buffer concerning the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a part III in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a buffer tube unit in the shock absorber of FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line VV in FIG. 4. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention, Comprising: It is the VI-VI arrow longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a VIII part in FIG. 6. It is the IX-IX arrow directional side view of FIG. FIG. 10 is a front view of a buffer tube unit in the shock absorber of FIGS. 6 to 9. It is a XI-XI arrow flat cross-sectional view of FIG. It is a side view of the buffer pipe unit of FIG. 10 and FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned 2nd Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention in the waste storage pipe inner bottom part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned 2nd Embodiment of the impact buffering body which concerns on this invention in the waste storage pipe inner bottom part, and plastically deformed by the impact load. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which collect | recovers an impact buffer after the state of FIG. FIG. 16 is a bottom sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in FIG. 15. It is a plane sectional view showing a 3rd embodiment of an impact buffer concerning the present invention. It is a plane sectional view showing a 4th embodiment of an impact buffer concerning the present invention. FIG. 19 is a sectional view taken along line XIX-XIX in FIG. 18. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 5th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a state when the impact buffer of FIG. 20 receives the load of the diagonal direction. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 6th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 7th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention. FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along the line XXIV-XXIV in FIG. 23. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which the impact buffer of FIG. 23 received the impact load and deformed plastically. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 8th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention. FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line XXVII-XXVII in FIG. 26. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows 9th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention. FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line XXIX-XXIX in FIG. 28. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the 10th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention in the waste storage pipe inner bottom part, and set | placed the waste container on it. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 11th Embodiment of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the buffer pipe unit in the shock absorber of FIG. FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line XXXIII-XXXIII in FIG. 32.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Buffer pipe unit 1a ... Buffer pipe 1b ... Restraint board 2 ... Upper board (connection board)
3 ... Intermediate plate (connecting plate)
4 ... Lower plate (connecting plate)
5 ... Grasping tool 6 ... Bolt 7 ... Leg 8 ... Pin 9 ... Wire 10 ... Stopper plate 11a ... Upper curved surface seat (first connecting plate member)
11b ... Lower curved surface seat (second connecting plate member)
12 ... Stopper 13a ... Upper rod 13b ... Lower rod 15 ... Waste container 16 ... Extraction jig 17 ... Buffer guard 18 ... Waste container 20 ... Impact load 23 ... Guide plate 62 ... Groove 64 ... Through hole 65 ... Rod-shaped Portion 66 ... Claw 69a, 69b ... Rod insertion hole 72 ... Upper guide rail 73 ... Lower guide rail 90 ... Shock absorber 101b ... Lower restraint plate 201b, 301b, 401b ... Upper restraint plate 101a ... Outer buffer tube 301a ... Intermediate buffer tube 401a ... Inner buffer tube

Claims (15)

In shock absorbers that receive a compressive impact load in a certain direction,
(A) a plurality of connecting plates extending in parallel to a direction perpendicular to the impact load direction at predetermined intervals in the impact load direction;
(B) A buffer including a buffer pipe and a restraining plate fixed to both ends of the buffer pipe, a plurality of which are arranged in parallel between the connecting plates adjacent to each other, and the connecting plate and the restraining plate are joined together. A tube unit;
A shock absorber characterized by comprising: There are at least three connecting plates, and they are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the direction of impact load.
The arrangement of the plurality of buffer tube units is arranged in a plurality of stages between the connecting plates,
The shock absorber according to claim 1.   The impact buffer according to claim 2, wherein characteristics of the plurality of stages of buffer tube units being crushed when subjected to an impact load are different for each stage.   The connecting plate sandwiched between two stages of the plurality of buffer pipe units is joined to the first connecting plate member joined to the buffer pipe unit of one stage and the buffer pipe unit of the other stage. A second connecting plate member, and the first connecting plate member and the second connecting plate member have curved surfaces that are compatible with each other, and the first connecting plate member is formed by these curved surfaces. When the first connecting plate member and the second connecting plate member are displaced from each other due to sliding of the first connecting plate member and the second connecting plate member, the first connecting plate member and the second connecting plate member 4. The shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein the shock absorber is configured to be able to transmit a force for compressing the plurality of buffer tube units on both sides of the plate member in an axial direction. 5.   The unevenness is formed in the part which touches the restraint plate of the connection board, and the restraint plate is arranged in the position where it is inserted into this unevenness. The shock absorber as described.   The through holes are provided at positions corresponding to each other of the plurality of connecting plates, and a linear jig can be passed through these through holes. The impact buffer as described in any one of Claims 5.   The impact buffer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a wire for connecting the plurality of buffer pipe units to each other.   The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein shafts of the buffer pipes of the plurality of buffer pipe units are inclined with respect to a shock load direction.   The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein axes of the buffer pipes of the plurality of buffer pipe units are parallel to an impact load direction.   A guide for restricting the direction of the adjacent connecting plates so that the connecting plates move in the impact load direction while maintaining a posture perpendicular to the impact load direction when the buffer tube is crushed by an impact load; 10. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein:   The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a buffer guard that wraps the whole of the plurality of coupling plates and the plurality of buffer pipe units.   The buffer tube unit further includes a hollow inner buffer tube disposed coaxially with the buffer tube inside the buffer tube. Shock absorber. In shock absorbers that receive a compressive impact load in a certain direction,
(A) a plurality of connecting plates extending in parallel to a direction perpendicular to the impact load direction at predetermined intervals in the impact load direction;
(B) a buffer tube, a restraining plate fixed to both ends of the buffer tube, an inner buffer tube disposed coaxially with the buffer tube inside the buffer tube, and fixed to both ends of the inner buffer tube. A buffer tube unit which is disposed between the plurality of connecting plates adjacent to each other and joined to the connecting plate and the restricting plate;
A shock absorber characterized by comprising:   One end of the inner buffer tube is fixed to one of the two restraint plates sandwiching the inner buffer tube, and the other end of the inner buffer tube is fixed to an inner restraint plate that is not fixed to the restraint plate. The impact buffer according to claim 13, wherein In the method of manufacturing an impact buffer that receives a compressive impact load in a certain direction,
A buffer tube and a step of manufacturing a buffer tube unit by fixing a restraint plate to both ends of the buffer tube;
Arranging the plurality of buffer tube units side by side between parallel connection plates, and joining the connection plates and the restraint plates;
A shock absorber manufacturing method comprising:

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