JP2008245094A - Hundred-and-eighty-degree hybrid coupler - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an easy-to-manufacture 180° hybrid coupler, having superior characteristics, even if a strip conductor constituting a directional coupler is position-shifted, without the need for adjusting after manufacturing. <P>SOLUTION: For a first directional coupler 5a, first and second strip conductors 3a and 3b are disposed substantially in parallel with the upper and lower surfaces of a first dielectric substrate 1a, and second and third dielectric substrates 1b and 1c provided with ground conductors 2a and 2b on a surface on the opposite side of the first dielectric substrate 1a are attached closely to the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 1a. For a second directional coupler 5b, third and fourth strip conductors 3c and 3d are disposed roughly in parallel with the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 1a, and the second and third dielectric substrates 1b and 1c are attached closely to the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 1a. A first through-hole 4a for connecting the first and fourth strip conductors 3a and 3d and a second through-hole for connecting the second and third strip conductors 3b and 3c are provided, and the first and second directional couplers 5a and 5b are cascade-connected. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an asymmetric taper coupled line type constituted by a taper coupled line in which the coupling degree of the section of the coupled line continuously changes with respect to the line length direction, and the coupling degree distribution in the line length direction monotonously increases. The present invention relates to a 180 ° hybrid coupler constituted by a directional coupler.

  A conventional 180 ° hybrid coupler in which two asymmetric taper coupled line type directional couplers are connected in cascade has a configuration in which strip conductors constituting the asymmetric taper coupled line type directional coupler are connected in the same plane. (For example, refer nonpatent literature 1).

HARLAN HOWE, JR., “STRIPLINE CIRCUIT DESIGN” ARTECH HOUSE, INC., 1974, P. 169

  In the 180 ° hybrid coupler disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 described above, the strip conductors constituting the respective asymmetric taper coupled line type directional couplers are connected in the same plane. When the strip conductor is displaced and one asymmetric taper coupled line type directional coupler is tightly coupled, the other asymmetric taper coupled line type directional coupler is also tightly coupled. For this reason, there was a problem that the characteristics of the 180 ° hybrid deteriorated. In addition, due to the above problems, when a 180 ° hybrid is manufactured, a lot of time is required for adjustment after manufacture, and there is a problem that much time and cost are required for manufacture.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a 180 ° hybrid coupler having good characteristics even when a positional deviation occurs in a strip conductor constituting a directional coupler. And

  In the 180 ° hybrid coupler according to the present invention, the coupling degree of the cross section of the coupled line constituted by two line conductors continuously changes with respect to the line length direction, and the coupling degree distribution in the line length direction monotonously increases. In the 180 ° hybrid coupler configured by cascading a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler, each of which is an asymmetric tapered coupled line configured by a tapered coupled line, the first direction The first and second strip conductors as the line conductors are arranged in close contact with each other on the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate in substantially parallel with the first dielectric substrate interposed therebetween, A second dielectric substrate having a ground conductor provided on a surface opposite to the first dielectric substrate on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate; The directional coupler includes a first dielectric substrate. The upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate are arranged in close contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate so that the third and fourth strip conductors as the line conductors are in close contact with each other. The second and third dielectric substrates are in close contact with each other so that a ground conductor is disposed on a surface opposite to the first dielectric substrate, and the first strip conductor and the first The first dielectric substrate is provided with a first through hole so that four strip conductors are connected, and the second strip conductor and the third strip conductor are connected to each other. The dielectric substrate is provided with a second through hole, and the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler are connected in cascade.

  According to this invention, even when the coupling degree distribution of the strip conductors constituting the first directional coupler is tightly coupled due to positional deviation, the second directional coupler connected in cascade is the strip conductor. By being configured so as to be loosely coupled due to the positional deviation, it is possible to realize good characteristics, and thus it is possible to facilitate the manufacturing and to shorten the adjustment time after the manufacturing.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
A 180 ° hybrid coupler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a 180 ° hybrid coupler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

  In these drawings, a first dielectric substrate 1a, a second dielectric substrate 1b, and a third dielectric substrate 1c are laminated to form a multilayer substrate. The second dielectric substrate 1b is provided with a first strip conductor pattern 3a and a third strip conductor pattern 3c on one surface thereof, that is, the lower surface in FIG. 2, and the first and third strips are provided. A first ground conductor pattern 2a is provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the conductor pattern is provided, that is, on the upper surface in FIG.

  The third dielectric substrate 1c is provided with the second strip conductor pattern 3b and the fourth strip conductor pattern 3d on one surface thereof, that is, the upper surface in FIG. 2, and the second and third strips are provided. A second ground conductor pattern 2b is provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the conductor pattern is provided, that is, the lower surface in the figure.

  The first dielectric substrate 1a is electrically connected with a first strip conductor pattern 3a provided on the second dielectric substrate 1b and a fourth strip conductor pattern 3d provided on the third dielectric substrate 1c. A first through hole 4a for connecting to the second dielectric substrate 1c, a second strip conductor pattern 3b provided on the third dielectric substrate 1c, and a third strip conductor pattern 3c provided on the second dielectric substrate 1b. A second through hole 4b for electrically connecting the two is provided.

  The second dielectric substrate 1b and the third dielectric substrate 1c are stacked so that the ground conductor patterns 2a and 2b face each other, and the first dielectric substrate 1a is sandwiched therebetween. Has been.

  The first strip conductor pattern 3a and the second strip conductor pattern 3b constitute a first directional coupler 5a, and the third strip conductor pattern 3c and the fourth strip conductor pattern 3d are second. The directional coupler 5b is configured. Further, the first directional coupler 5a and the second directional coupler 5b are connected in cascade by the first through hole 4a and the second through hole 4b, so that the 180 ° hybrid coupler 6 is It is configured. In FIG. 2, although 4a and 4b are through holes, they may be via holes.

  That is, in the 180 ° hybrid coupler shown in these drawings, the coupling degree of the cross section of the coupled line constituted by two line conductors continuously changes with respect to the line length direction, and the coupling degree distribution in the line length direction. The first directional coupler 5a and the second directional coupler 5b, which are asymmetrically tapered coupled line configured by a monotonically increasing tapered coupled line, are connected in cascade, The first directional coupler 5a includes first and second strip conductor patterns 3a as line conductors substantially parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 1a with the first dielectric substrate 1a interposed therebetween. The second and third dielectrics are arranged in close contact with each other, and ground conductors 2a and 2b are provided on the surfaces opposite to the first dielectric substrate 1a on the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 1a, respectively. The board 1b and 1c are made in close contact. The second directional coupler 5b has third and fourth strip conductor patterns as the line conductors substantially parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 1a with the first dielectric substrate 1a interposed therebetween. 3c and 3d are arranged in close contact with each other, and the second conductors 2a and 2b are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 1a on the surface opposite to the first dielectric substrate 1a. The third dielectric substrates 1b and 1c are formed in close contact, and the first through-holes are connected to the first dielectric substrate 1a so that the first strip conductor pattern 3a and the fourth strip conductor pattern 3d are connected. A first through-hole 4b is provided in the first dielectric substrate 1a so as to connect the second strip conductor pattern 3b and the third strip conductor pattern 3c. 5a and second directional coupler 5b is connected in cascade.

  Next, the basic operation of the 180 ° hybrid coupler will be described with reference to FIGS. For example, signals input from the first and second strip conductor patterns 3a and 3b in FIG. 1 are distributed at a desired distribution ratio by the first directional coupler 5a, and the distributed signals are passed through. The holes are connected to the third and fourth strip conductor patterns 3c and 3d through the holes 4a and 4b and input to the second directional coupler 5b. The signals input to the second directional coupler 5b are distributed and combined, and output to the third and fourth strip conductor patterns 3c and 3d. At this time, when the coupling degree of the directional couplers 5a and 5b is, for example, 8.34 dB, and the power input to the first strip conductor pattern 3a is 1, the third strip conductor pattern 3c and the fourth strip conductor pattern 3c It is widely known that the power output to the strip conductor pattern 3d is 0.5.

  Next, the operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the 180 ° hybrid coupler 6 configured in this way, due to assembly at the time of manufacture, positional displacement in each plane between the second dielectric substrate 1b and the third dielectric substrate 1c, for example, In FIG. 3, the second dielectric substrate 1b is displaced downward, and the third dielectric substrate 1c is displaced upward, so that the first directional coupler 5a constituting the first directional coupler 5a is formed. When the distance between the strip conductor pattern 3a and the second strip conductor pattern 3b (the distance in the vertical direction in FIG. 3) becomes narrow, and the first directional coupler 5a has a tighter coupling characteristic than the desired degree of coupling. , The interval between the third strip conductor pattern 3c and the fourth strip conductor pattern 3d constituting the second directional coupler 5b (in FIG. 3, the interval in the vertical direction is widened, and the second directional coupler 5b The desired degree of coupling Also a loosely coupled characteristics.

  For this reason, the first directional coupler 5a and the second directional coupler 5b operate so as to complement the respective characteristics, and the deterioration of the characteristics can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to the embodiment, it is possible to realize good characteristics even if a positional deviation occurs when the second dielectric substrate 1b and the third dielectric substrate 1c are stacked by the assembly during manufacturing. There are advantages that manufacturing is easy and adjustment time after manufacturing can be shortened.

It is a block diagram which shows the 180 degree hybrid coupler which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a 1st dielectric substrate, 1b 2nd dielectric substrate, 1c 3rd dielectric substrate, 2a 1st ground conductor, 2b 2nd ground conductor, 3a 1st strip conductor pattern, 3b 2nd second Strip conductor pattern, 3c third strip conductor pattern, 3d fourth strip conductor pattern, 4a first through hole, 4b second through hole, 5a first directional coupler, 5b second directional coupling , 6 180 ° hybrid coupler.

Claims (1)

An asymmetry composed of a tapered coupled line in which the degree of coupling of the cross section of the coupled line composed of two line conductors changes continuously in the line length direction, and the degree of coupling distribution in the line length direction monotonously increases. In a 180 ° hybrid coupler configured by cascading a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler having a tapered coupled line shape,
The first directional coupler has the first and second strip conductors as the line conductors in close contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate so as to sandwich the first dielectric substrate. The second and third dielectric substrates are arranged in close contact with each other, and ground conductors are provided on the surfaces opposite to the first dielectric substrate on the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate, respectively. And
The second directional coupler has the third and fourth strip conductors as the line conductors in close contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate, with the first dielectric substrate interposed therebetween. The second and third dielectric substrates are arranged so that ground conductors are disposed on the surfaces opposite to the first dielectric substrate on the upper and lower surfaces of the first dielectric substrate, respectively. Constructed in close contact,
A first through hole is provided in the first dielectric substrate so that the first strip conductor and the fourth strip conductor are connected, and the second strip conductor and the third strip conductor are The first dielectric substrate is provided with a second through-hole so as to be connected, and the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler are connected in cascade. Hybrid coupler.

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