JP2008207144A - 熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法及び熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料 - Google Patents
熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法及び熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料 Download PDFInfo
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
Landscapes
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】木質系原料と溶媒とを高温高圧下で反応させることにより、前記木質系原料を加溶媒分解する工程を少なくとも行なう熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法とすることで、前記木質系原料を加溶媒分解することができ、これによって熱可塑製を付与することができ、その結果、環境に負担をかけない熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料を得ることができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
David N.S. Hon, Shiraishi. N(eds), Wood and Cellulosic Chemistry(2nd ed.) 655-700(2001)。 原口隆英他編、木材新素材ハンドブック、第一章・第二章、技報堂出版(1996)。 Minami. E., Saka. S., J. Wood. Sci.49,73-78(2003)。
・高温高圧アルコール処理
絶乾ベイスギ木粉1400mgとアルコール4.1mLを5mL容バッチ型反応缶に封入し、所定の処理温度および処理時間で高温高圧処理を行った。残渣のろ過には孔径20μmのメンブレンフィルターを使用した。これにより得られた混合物を以下の混合試料、滴下沈殿試料、残渣試料の調製に用いた。
・混合試料の調製
高温高圧処理により得られた木粉の溶媒可溶部と不溶残渣の混合体を減圧蒸留し、続いて、280℃オイルバスでの加熱処理に供し、遊離した溶媒や揮発性物質を揮発させて固体の試料を得た。これを混合試料として用いた。アルキルアルコールとしては、1−ブタノール、1−ヘキサノール、1−オクタノール、1−デカノールを用いた。
・残渣試料の調製
高温高圧処理により得られた処理物のうち不溶残渣をエタノールで洗浄し、乾燥させて固体の試料を得た。これを残渣試料として用いた。
・滴下沈殿試料の調製
高沸点であるアルコール溶媒を効果的に除去する目的で、得られた処理物を可溶部・不要残渣ともに大過剰のn−ヘキサンに滴下し、析出した固体を遠心分離によって回収した。回収した固体をドラフト内で一晩静置し、前記n−ヘキサンを十分に揮発させて固体の試料を得た。これを滴下沈殿試料として用いた。
得られた試料の溶融挙動を、顕微鏡用の冷却・加熱装置を装着した光学顕微鏡を用いて、10℃/分の昇温速度で400℃まで昇温させながら観察をした。また、試料をフロングラスシートではさみ、200℃で3秒ほど熱圧して、簡単な熱圧成形を試みた。熱圧した試料の加熱変形温度を調べるため、熱圧した試料の熱機械試験を行なった。また、試料の評価のために熱重量分析も行なった。
1−オクタノール350℃、3分処理の混合試料、残渣試料、滴下沈殿試料について熱圧成形についての評価を行った。その結果、混合試料、残渣試料、滴下沈殿試料のいずれも熱圧成形することができた。混合試料の熱圧前と熱圧後の状態を図2、図3にそれぞれ示す。残渣資料の熱圧前と熱圧後の状態を図4、図5にそれぞれ示す。滴下沈殿試料の熱圧前と熱圧後の状態を図6、図7にそれぞれ示す。
まず、1−オクタノール350℃、3分処理の混合試料と残渣試料について荷重200mgの場合の熱機械試験曲線の比較を行なった。その結果を図8に示す。いずれの試料も無処理木粉のものとは異なる鋭い落ち込みが認められたが、残渣試料の方が混合試料よりも更に鋭い落ち込みが認められた。このことは、混合処理が処理後280℃のオイルバスでの加熱処理に供せられているためと予想されるが、その理由については定かではない。以上のことから、不溶残渣にも何らかの熱可塑化がなされていることが示唆された。
次に、滴下沈殿試料を用いて熱機械試験を行ない、滴下沈殿試料の加熱変形挙動に与えるアルキルアルコール溶媒の種類、処理時間、処理温度の効果について検討した。その結果をそれぞれ図10〜図15に示す。
Claims (9)
- 木質系原料と溶媒とを高温高圧下で反応させることにより、前記木質系原料を加溶媒分解する工程を少なくとも行なう熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法。
- 前記溶媒は、アルキルアルコールであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法。
- 前記加溶媒分解により得られた反応物を加熱処理する工程を少なくとも行なうことを特徴とする請求項1記載の熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法。
- 前記加溶媒分解する工程により得られた反応物から不溶残渣を取り出す工程と、
前記不溶残渣を洗浄し、乾燥させることで固体物を得る工程と、
を少なくとも行なうことを特徴とする請求項1記載の熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法。 - 前記加溶媒分解する工程により得られた反応物を、高沸点アルコールと相溶である溶媒に滴下することで固体沈殿を析出させる工程と、
前記析出した固体沈殿を乾燥させることで、該固体に含まれている前記溶媒と揮発性物質とを留去する工程と、
を少なくとも行なうことを特徴とする請求項1記載の熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法。 - 前記固体沈殿を析出させる工程の前に、前記加溶媒分解する工程により得られた反応物から残渣を除去する工程を行なうことを特徴とする請求項5記載の熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料の製造方法。
- 請求項3記載の製造方法により得られる熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料。
- 請求項4記載の製造方法により得られる熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料。
- 請求項5記載の製造方法により得られる熱可塑性木質系バイオ材料。
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Cited By (1)
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CN103721999A (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 浙江农林大学天目学院 | 一种森林凋落物的液化方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02102295A (ja) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-13 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | セルロース系バイオマスの液化方法 |
JPH03162902A (ja) * | 1989-10-16 | 1991-07-12 | Miyagi Pref Gov | 木材等の改質処理法 |
JPH0699408A (ja) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-04-12 | Mokushitsu Shinsozai Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | 木質系素材の熱可塑化処理装置 |
JP2002233400A (ja) * | 2001-02-09 | 2002-08-20 | Mokushitsu Biomass Energie Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | 木質バイオマスを原料にした分解物質の製造方法および装置 |
JP2003165844A (ja) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-06-10 | Aichi Prefecture | リグノセルロース系材料及びその利用 |
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02102295A (ja) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-13 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | セルロース系バイオマスの液化方法 |
JPH03162902A (ja) * | 1989-10-16 | 1991-07-12 | Miyagi Pref Gov | 木材等の改質処理法 |
JPH0699408A (ja) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-04-12 | Mokushitsu Shinsozai Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | 木質系素材の熱可塑化処理装置 |
JP2002233400A (ja) * | 2001-02-09 | 2002-08-20 | Mokushitsu Biomass Energie Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | 木質バイオマスを原料にした分解物質の製造方法および装置 |
JP2003165844A (ja) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-06-10 | Aichi Prefecture | リグノセルロース系材料及びその利用 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103721999A (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 浙江农林大学天目学院 | 一种森林凋落物的液化方法 |
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