JP2008203005A - Automatic analyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce an operator's load by clearing up easily the cause, when a fault occurs in a measurement result of a patient sample. <P>SOLUTION: An automatic analyzer includes a sample container for storing a test sample, a reagent container for storing a reagent to be added to the sample, a reaction container for reacting the sample with the reagent, and a photometer for measuring a reaction in the reaction container by an absorbance change of reaction liquid. The automatic analyzer includes a display means for displaying reaction processes of at least two or more absorbances on the same screen from each absorbance of a main wavelength, a sub-wavelength, and a difference between the two wavelengths (the main wavelength minus the sub-wavelength); and an output means for outputting a displayed content. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic analyzer that performs qualitative and quantitative analysis of biological samples such as blood and urine, and more particularly to an automatic analyzer that measures changes in absorbance at a plurality of wavelengths and calculates analysis results.

  The automatic analyzer can handle a large number of samples at the same time, and can analyze and process multiple components quickly and with high accuracy. It is used for inspections in various fields such as intoxication tests at institutions. Especially in hospital use, the analysis target is a biological fluid sample such as blood or urine of the patient, and the analysis results determine the diagnosis and treatment policy of the disease. Is always sought.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, a conventional automatic analyzer sets a main wavelength with the largest absorption and a sub-wavelength with the least absorption as analysis parameters, and the difference between two wavelengths (main wavelength-sub-wavelength) is used to calculate the measurement result. ) Is used. By using the absorbance of the difference between the two wavelengths, it is possible to reduce the influences such as scratches on the reaction vessel, bubble adhesion, turbidity of the sample, the influence of the color tone, and the deterioration of the reagent. In general, the reaction process (absorbance change) displays only two wavelength differences on the screen.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-27743

  By using the absorbance of the difference between the two wavelengths (main wavelength-sub wavelength), it becomes possible to reduce the influence of scratches and bubbles on the reaction vessel, the turbidity of the sample, the influence of the color tone and the deterioration of the reagent. Absorbance-concentration conversion is facilitated, but on the other hand, it may be difficult to investigate the cause of the failure based on the reaction process when a failure occurs in the measurement result of the patient sample.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic analyzer having a function capable of easily investigating a cause even when a failure occurs in a measurement result.

  The configuration of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows.

  In an automatic analyzer that analyzes a biological sample based on a change in absorbance of a reaction solution of a sample and a reagent, either one of the two wavelengths or a time change of the difference in absorbance at the two wavelengths used for calculating the concentration of the sample to be analyzed An automatic analyzer provided with a display means for displaying both changes in absorbance over time on the same screen.

  In the above, as an apparatus configuration for obtaining the difference in absorbance at two wavelengths, the reaction liquid is irradiated with white light, the light transmitted through the reaction liquid is diffracted into a plurality of wavelengths, and then a plurality of wavelengths (for example, 12 wavelengths and 16 It is preferable to set the wavelength (main wavelength) having the largest absorption and the wavelength (sub wavelength) having the smallest absorption among the wavelengths for each reagent, and obtain the difference in absorbance at the sub wavelength from the absorbance at the main wavelength.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily find the cause when a problem occurs in the measurement result, and to reduce the burden on the operator.

  Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of an automatic analysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the overall configuration of the automatic analyzer according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

1 includes a sample disk 2 on which a plurality of sample cups 1 can be installed, a sampling mechanism 4 having a sample probe 3 for collecting a predetermined amount of sample, a reagent pipetting mechanism 5a, 5b for dispensing a plurality of reagents, and a reagent. Central processing unit for controlling the disks 6a and 6b, the reaction disk 8 holding a plurality of reaction vessels 7 for direct photometry, the stirring mechanisms 9a and 9b, the reaction vessel cleaning mechanism 10, the photometer 11, and the entire mechanism system ( Microcomputer) 12 and the like are mainly configured. The reaction disk 8 holding a plurality of reaction vessels controls the operation of rotating and temporarily stopping the half rotation + 1 reaction vessel every cycle. That is, at the time of stopping every cycle, the reaction vessel 7 of the reaction disk 8 stops in the form of proceeding by one reaction vessel in the counterclockwise direction. As the photometer 11, a multi-wavelength photometer having a plurality of detectors is used. When the reaction disk 8 is in a rotating state as opposed to the light source lamp 13, the row of reaction vessels 7 passes the light beam 14 from the light source lamp 13. It is configured to. A reaction container cleaning mechanism 10 is disposed between the position of the light beam 14 and the sample discharge position 15. Further, it comprises a multiplexer 16 for selecting a wavelength, a logarithmic conversion amplifier 17, an A / D converter 18, a printer 19, a CRT 20, a reagent dispensing mechanism drive circuit 21, etc., all of which are connected to the central processing unit 12 via an interface 22. It is connected. This central processing unit performs control of the entire device including control of the entire mechanical system and data processing such as calculation of concentration or enzyme activity value. The operation principle in the above configuration will be described below. When the start switch on the operation panel 23 is pressed, the reaction vessel 7 starts to be washed by the reaction vessel washing mechanism 10, and the water blank is further measured. This value is a reference for the absorbance measured in the reaction vessel 7 thereafter. When the reaction disk 8 advances to the sample discharge position 15 by repeating the operation of one cycle of the reaction disk 8, that is, the operation of temporarily stopping the counter-rotation + 1 reaction container, the sample cup 1 moves to the sampling position. Similarly, the two reagent disks 6a and 6b are also moved to the reagent pipetting position. During this time, the sampling mechanism 4 operates, and the sample amount of, for example, the analysis item A is sucked from the sample cup 1 by the sample probe 3 and then discharged to the reaction container 7. On the other hand, in the reagent pipetting mechanism, when the sampling mechanism discharges the sample to the reaction vessel 7, the reagent pipetting mechanism 5a starts operating, and the first reagent of the analysis item A installed on the reagent disk 6a is used as the first reagent probe. Aspirate with 24a. Next, after the first reagent probe 24a moves onto the reaction vessel 7 and discharges the sucked reagent, the inner wall and outer wall of the probe are washed in the probe washing tank to prepare for the first reagent dispensing of the next analysis item B. Photometry is started after the first reagent is added. Photometry is performed when the reaction vessel 7 crosses the light beam 14 when the reaction disk 8 rotates. When the reaction disk rotates twice by two reaction vessels after the first reagent is added, the stirring mechanism 8a is activated to stir the sample and the reagent. When the reaction container 7 moves from the sample dispensing position to the position rotated by 25 rotations + 25 reaction containers, that is, to the second reagent dispensing position, the second reagent is added from the second reagent probe 24b and then stirred by the stirring mechanism 8b. . By the reaction disk 8, the reaction vessel 7 successively traverses the light beam 14 and the absorbance is measured each time. These absorbances are measured 34 times in total for a reaction time of 10 minutes. After completion of photometry, the reaction vessel 7 is washed by the reaction vessel washing mechanism 10 to prepare for the next sample analysis. The measured absorbance is converted into a concentration or enzyme activity value by the central processing unit 12 and the analysis result is output from the printer 19.

Next, this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 3 shows a reaction process monitor screen of this embodiment, FIG. 4 shows a search screen for searching this embodiment, and FIG. 5 shows a screen displaying search results of this embodiment. First, a measurement result screen is displayed according to an instruction from the operator (S1). When displaying the reaction process, the target patient sample and analysis item are selected from the measurement result screen according to the operator's instruction, and then the reaction process button on the screen is clicked to select the wavelength (S2). After the operator selects the wavelength, the reaction process screen is displayed by clicking the display button (S3). The screen is displayed as shown in the example of FIG. 3, but the wavelength can be selected even after the screen is displayed. Although not shown, each scale can be set on a screen for setting a display scale for the main wavelength, the sub-wavelength, and the absorbance of the difference between the two wavelengths. In this example, the AST reaction process is displayed, but the calculation of the AST activity value is performed from each photometric point from the start point point (point 26) to the end point point (point 35) of the absorbance at two wavelengths. The amount of change in absorbance per hour ΔAbs / 1 minute is calculated to determine the activity value. In the example of FIG. 3, the absorbance at the photometry point 34 indicated by → is seen, but since the main wavelength and subwavelength can also be seen at the same time, bubbles are easily attached to the inner and outer walls of the reaction vessel. I can judge. Subsequently, in order to search for a specimen having the same phenomenon from the characteristics of the reaction process, a search screen is displayed and conditions are set according to an instruction from the operator (S4). In the search screen, as shown in FIG. 4, the difference in absorbance, the amount of change in absorbance, and the variation in absorbance are selected in the feature setting column 25, the wavelength and metering point are selected in the wavelength and metering point setting column 26, and the range setting column 27 is selected. Select the absorbance range or standard deviation (SD) range. Finally, by clicking the search execution button 28, the target sample is searched from the stored patient samples and displayed on the screen (S5). As shown in the example of FIG. 5, the screen displays information such as sequence No. (measurement order), patient ID, type, and measurement date.

  As described above, the response process of the main wavelength and sub wavelength is displayed on the same screen in addition to the difference between the two wavelengths, and it is easy to investigate the cause when a problem occurs in the measurement result of the patient sample, thereby reducing the burden on the operator. can do.

The figure which shows schematic structure of the automatic analyzer to which this invention is applied. The figure which shows an example of the operation flow of Claim 1 and 2 in this invention (Claim 1, Claim 2). The figure which shows an example of the reaction process monitor screen of Claim 1 in this invention. The figure which shows an example of the setting screen of the search condition of Claim 2 in this invention. The figure which shows an example of the display screen of the search result of Claim 2 in this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sample cup 2 Sample disk 3 Sample probe 4 Sampling mechanism 5 Reagent pipetting mechanism 6 Reagent disk 7 Reaction vessel 8 for direct photometry Reaction disc 9 Stirring mechanism 10 Reaction vessel washing mechanism 11 Photometer 12 Central processing unit 13 Light source lamp 14 Light flux 15 Sample discharge position 16 Multiplexer 17 Logarithmic conversion amplifier 18 A / D converter 19 Printer 20 CRT
21 Reagent dispensing mechanism drive circuit 22 Interface 23 Operation panel 24a First reagent probe 24b Second reagent probe

Claims (4)

In an automatic analyzer that analyzes biological samples based on changes in absorbance of the reaction liquid of the sample and reagent,
It is provided with a display means for displaying on the same screen the time change of the absorbance of one or both of the two wavelengths together with the time change of the absorbance difference at the two wavelengths used for calculating the concentration of the sample to be analyzed. An automatic analyzer. The automatic analyzer according to claim 1,
An automatic analyzer having a function of displaying different display scales of a plurality of changes in absorbance displayed on the same screen. The automatic analyzer according to claim 2,
An automatic analyzer comprising: designation means for arbitrarily designating the display scale. The automatic analyzer according to claim 1,
A search condition setting means for setting a range of absorbance difference, change in absorbance, variation in absorbance between any photometric points on the absorbance in the reaction process, and searching for other test samples;
An automatic analyzer comprising extraction means for extracting a test sample that matches a search condition set by the search condition setting means.

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