JP2008188724A - Cutting method and cutting device for workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for accurately and inexpensively cutting a rod-like workpiece finished in a predetermined size. <P>SOLUTION: Both side faces of a rod-like workpiece 1 are clamped and held between clamp parts 3, 3 operated by clamp cylinders 11, 12, or the like, a diamond cutter 4 rotating at high speed is lowered to cut the work 1, and cut pieces 2, 2, etc. are discharged from a table 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cutting a relatively long and narrow workpiece and a cutting apparatus.

  Work that has been finished to the specified dimensions in length, width, and height is cut into multiple thin square bars. In this case, the work is a tray made of carbon or ceramic (cradle). Glued and fixed to. That is, the workpiece bottom surface is fixed to the tray, and in this state, the tray is positioned on the table surface of the cutting machine, and cutting is performed. By the way, when the workpiece is bonded and fixed to the tray, the tray and the workpiece are placed on a hot plate and heated, and an adhesive (wax) is applied to the bonding surface to position and fix the workpiece on the upper surface of the tray.

  At this time, the positioning accuracy of the workpiece is affected by the force applied to the workpiece, the wax coating method, and the wax coating thickness. The tray on which the workpiece is fixed is positioned and fixed on the magnet table, but a special jig is required to fix the ceramic tray or the like on which the magnet does not work on the table surface. In addition, since a magnetic table cannot be used for a work that dislikes magnetism, a positioning / fixing method using a jig is employed.

  And after a workpiece | work is cut | disconnected, it must remove from a tray, and it heats to high temperature for that purpose, and wax is wash | cleaned from the cut | disconnected member. On the other hand, when the workpiece is fixed to the tray and cut, a cutter cutting groove is also formed on the tray surface, the life of the tray is short, and it is necessary to frequently replace it with a new tray. As described above, the conventional cutting process requires a pre-processing step and a post-processing step after processing, which increases costs.

  Also, when performing a cutting process for finely cutting a thin rod-shaped workpiece, the rod-shaped workpiece can be bonded and fixed to the tray and cut together with the tray. However, if it is an inefficient square bar with a flat surface that adheres, it can be bonded and fixed to the tray, but it is a rod-shaped workpiece with a curved side surface such as a round bar or an elliptical bar. In this case, it cannot be bonded or fixed to the tray surface.

  Many small parts are used in computers, copiers, and even household appliances. These small parts are machined in a variety of ways, most of which are plastic, but some are machined. The cutting process targeted by the present invention is one of them and is not intended for a specific part, but it is desired to cut a previously processed rod-shaped workpiece efficiently with high accuracy. .

  Thus, the conventional cutting process has the above problems. The problems to be solved by the present invention are these problems, and can be cut with high precision and efficiency in a state where the bar-shaped work is sandwiched between the clamps without bonding and fixing the bar-shaped work to the tray. A method and a cutting device are provided.

  The cutting method of the present invention is configured to cut a rod-shaped workpiece finished to a predetermined size, and a plurality of disk cutters attached to the main shaft are arranged at the center, and the disk cutters move up and down. I can do it. That is, when the disk cutter descends while rotating at high speed, the workpiece fixed to the table is cut into pieces and cut into pieces. The work is fixed on the table mounting plate by a clamp device, but the specific structure of the clamp device is not limited here. However, it is also possible to raise the table which clamps a workpiece | work, without the said disk cutter falling.

  In the clamp device, a clamp portion that directly contacts the workpiece is attached to the attachment portion, and the clamp portion can be exchanged according to the shape of the workpiece. Moreover, although a workpiece | work is cut | disconnected by the disk cutter, the slit groove | channel which a disk cutter enters is formed in a part of clamp part so that it may not cut simultaneously with the cutting | disconnection of a workpiece | work. The slit groove width is sufficiently large so that the surface of the disk cutter does not contact.

  And the cutting | disconnection of this invention is performed by the disk cutter which descends the workpiece | work fixed on the table with a clamp apparatus from upper direction, or is performed by raising a table. Therefore, a deep load is applied to the drive motor due to the deep cutting, and the disk cutter is also deformed. Since this adversely affects the cutting accuracy, the feed speed of the disk cutter or the feed speed of the table is controlled so that the current that drives the drive motor is detected and the load does not increase beyond a certain level.

  As described above, in the present invention, the work can be clamped by the clamping device, and the work can be finely cut, and it is not necessary to bond and fix the work to the tray as in the prior art, and the cutting work can be performed efficiently. I can do it. The cross-sectional shape of the workpiece is not limited to a quadrangle, and even a workpiece having a curved side surface such as a circle or an ellipse can be correctly clamped and cut by attaching a clamp portion of an appropriate shape to the attachment portion. Can be done.

  Therefore, cutting can be efficiently performed as compared with a conventional method of bonding and fixing to a tray, and preparation work and post-processing work are unnecessary. For this reason, the number of work steps required for cutting is extremely reduced, and the workpiece to be cut becomes cheap. In addition, high-accuracy cutting can be performed efficiently without the amount of wax applied or the coating method being affected by the cutting accuracy. And because the slit part is formed in the clamp part for the disk cutter to enter when cutting, it is possible to cut the workpiece without overheating the disk cutter by suppressing heat generation, resulting in higher cutting accuracy and the disk The life of the cutter is improved.

  Since the slit groove is also provided on the surface of the mounting plate on which the work is directly mounted, the mounting plate is not damaged by the disk cutter and is not forced to be replaced. Further, by lifting and fixing the work to be clamped at the clamp portion from the table surface, the table surface is not cut with a disk cutter. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the current for driving the drive motor is detected so that the cutting load does not increase beyond a certain level, deformation of the disk cutter and thermal deformation due to heat generation can be suppressed. For this reason, the workpiece cutting accuracy is increased and the life of the disk cutter is extended.

  FIG. 1 shows workpieces 1a and 1b targeted by the present invention. A workpiece 1a shown in FIG. 1A is a bar having a square cross section, one side of which is 10 mm and a length of 20 mm to 50 mm. The bar workpiece 1a is cut into portions indicated by dotted lines and cut into small pieces 2a, 2a,. The workpiece 1b shown in (b) is a rod having a circular cross section, the diameter is 10 mm, the length is 20 mm to 50 mm, and the portion indicated by the dotted line is cut into a plurality of fine pieces 2b, 2b,. Is done.

  When the thin bar workpieces 1a, 1b are cut into smaller pieces 2a, 2a,..., 2b, 2b,. And it cut | disconnects with a some disk shaped diamond cutter in the clamped state. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the workpiece 1a is clamped. The side surface of the workpiece 1a is clamped and fixed by the clamp portions 3 and 3 of the clamping device.

  A diamond cutter 4 is disposed above the workpiece 1a, and the diamond cutter 4 rotates at a high speed and descends. Therefore, the work 1a is finely cut by the diamond cutters 4, 4,. The diamond cutter 4 is attached to the main shaft 5, and in this case, the workpiece 1a is cut into a plurality of pieces 2a, 2a,... At a time by attaching a plurality of diamond cutters 4, 4,.

  Here, in the case of a bar having a rectangular cross section with the lateral dimension of the workpiece 1a being increased to 30 mm, 40 mm,..., Uncutting occurs only by lowering while rotating the diamond cutters 4, 4. In this case, it is possible to horizontally move the table 7 or the diamond cutters 4, 4.

Hereinafter, the cutting method of the present invention will be described.
(1) Supply of work The work 1 is supplied to a table 7 provided below the diamond cutters 4, 4,. Here, the specific supply method to the table 7 is not limited. For example, the supply method shown in FIG. 3 sandwiches both side surfaces 6 and 6 of the workpiece 1 and moves in the direction of an arrow that is directly below the diamond cutters 4, 4. The workpiece 1 moved to a predetermined position as shown in (b) is kept in a sandwiched state. Then, as shown in (c), the piston rods 9, 9 extend from both sides, and the workpiece 1 is clamped. Here, a mounting plate 8 is fixed in the center of the table, and the workpiece 1 to be supplied is mounted on the mounting plate 8.
(2) At the tips of the clamp piston rods 9 and 9, attachment portions 10 and 10 are attached, and clamp portions 3 and 3 for directly gripping the workpiece 1 are fixed to the attachment portions 10 and 10, respectively. Since the height of the clamp portions 3 and 3 is lower than that of the workpiece 1, the workpiece 1 is clamped and fixed so that the clamper of the supply device does not get in the way. When the clamps 3 and 3 are clamped, the clamp of the supply device is released, and the workpiece 1 is placed on the mounting plate 8 and fixed immediately below the diamond cutter 4 as shown in FIG.

By the way, slit grooves 17, 17... Are formed in the clamp portions 3, 3, and the diamond cutters 4, 4... Descending while rotating enter without contacting the slit grooves 17, 17. I can do it. Here, in order to fix the workpiece 1, both the piston rods 9, 9 do not extend together, and the clamp part 3 on one side can be fixed in a fixed position.
(3) Cutting The workpiece 1 clamped as shown in FIG. 3 (c) is cut by the diamond cutters 4, 4,... Shown in FIG. The diamond cutters 4, 4... Descend while rotating at a high speed, and the workpiece 1 is cut along with the descending. At this time, the diamond carters 4, 4,... Enter the slit grooves 17, 17,. Similarly, slit grooves 18, 18,... Are also provided on the surface of the mounting plate 8 attached to the table 7, so that the diamond cutters 4, 4,. It is provided at the same position as the slit grooves 17 of the clamp portions 3 and 3.

  The diamond cutters 4, 4,... Of the present invention are moved downward while rotating to cut the workpiece 1, but the cutting accuracy is increased. That is, when the workpiece 1 fixed to the table 7 is moved horizontally with respect to the diamond cutters 4, 4... At a fixed position, the cutting accuracy is lowered because the cutting location is eccentric from the center of the diamond cutter, but directly below Since the cutting point is on the central axis of the diamond cutters 4, 4,...

The diamond cutters 4, 4,... Enter the slit grooves 17, 17,... Formed in the clamp portions 3, 3, but the slit grooves 17, 17,. As the cutters 4, 4,... Rotate, cooling water is forcibly fed into the cutting area. That is, the groove width of the slit groove 17 is larger than the thickness of the diamond cutter 4, so that the cooling water existing between both surfaces of the diamond cutter 4 and the slit groove surface is cut as the diamond cutter 4 rotates. It is sent to the place.
(4) When the cutting of the discharge work 1 is completed, the diamond cutters 4, 4,... Are raised, and the cut pieces 2, 2,.
Of course, there are discharging means. For example, the clamper used at the time of supply can be clamped again and discharged, or the piece placed on the table mounting plate 8 after releasing the clamp can be discharged out of the table by the pusher. It becomes possible.

  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of a clamping device 19 for clamping the workpiece 1. The clamp device 19 is fixed to the table 7, one side attachment portion 10 a of the clamp device 19 is integrated with the base portion 20, and the other attachment portion 10 b is attached to the tip of the piston rod 9. And the clamp part 3a is attached to the attachment part 10a, and the clamp part 3b is attached to the attachment part 10b.

  Therefore, when the piston rod 9 extends, the workpiece 1 is sandwiched and fixed between the clamp portion 3a and the clamp portion 3b. Here, slit grooves 17, 17... Are formed in the clamp portions 3 a, 3 b, and the diamond cutters 4, 4... Can enter the slit grooves 17, 17. And space exists under the clamp parts 3a and 3b fixed to the attachment parts 10a and 10b, and the disk cutters 4, 4,... Do not cut the base 20 of the clamp device 19.

  5, 6 and 7 are embodiments showing the appearance of the cutting apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a workpiece, 4 is a disk-shaped diamond cutter, 3 is a clamp part, and 11 and 12 are clamp cylinders. The main body frame 14 of the cutting device includes a drive motor 15, and a plurality of diamond cutters 4, 4... Are attached to the main shaft 5 of the drive motor 15.

  A table frame 16 is attached to the upper front side of the main body frame 14, and a table 7 is provided at the upper end of the table frame 16. The table 7 of the cutting apparatus shown in the figure has a structure that is fixed at a fixed position, and the drive motor 15 can move up and down. That is, the diamond cutters 4, 4,... Are rotated while being lowered and the workpiece 1 clamped directly below is cut.

  On the other hand, instead of lowering the drive motor 15, the table 7 can be raised, and the workpiece 1 is cut by raising the table 7 with respect to the diamond cutters 4, 4,. it can. In either case, the workpiece 1 is clamped as shown in FIGS.

  As is clear from the front view shown in FIG. 5, clamp cylinders 11 and 12 are provided on both sides, and the workpiece 1 is pressed and slid by the pusher of the supply device from the front, and comes into contact with a stopper provided at the rear. In this state, the clamp cylinders 11 and 12 on both sides operate and the workpiece 1 is clamped by the clamp portions 3 and 3. The diamond cutters 4, 4,... Are rotated at a high speed by the drive motor 15 and lowered downward, so that the workpiece 1 is finely cut and rounded. Since the mounting plate 8 provided with slit grooves 18, 18,... Is attached to the table 7, the workpiece 1 can be cut without scratching the mounting plate 8 with the diamond cutters 4, 4,. The slit grooves 18, 18,... Of the mounting plate 8 can be formed at a constant depth over the entire width.

  Since the workpiece 1 is firmly clamped by the clamp portions 3 and 3, the workpiece 1 is accurately cut to a predetermined dimension. Then, the cut pieces 2, 2... Are discharged from the table 7 by the discharge means, and another work 1 is supplied again. Here, the discharging means is not particularly limited, but the most general method can be picked up by a robot arm.

  FIG. 8 shows a case where the workpiece 1 having a circular cross section is clamped to the clamp portions 3 and 3. Since the workpiece 1 is a rod having a circular cross section, the tip surfaces of the clamp portions 3 and 3 are V-shaped, and the workpiece 1 is fixed without being displaced. The clamp portion 3 is attached to an attachment portion 10 provided at the tip of the piston rod of the clamp cylinders 11 and 12. There are various mounting structures, but screws and adhesives are used.

  When the workpiece 1 is cut by the diamond cutters 4, 4..., Slit grooves 17, 17. Similarly, slit grooves 18, 18,... Are also provided on the surface of the mounting plate 8 on which the work 1 is mounted. And the clamp part 3 and the mounting board 8 are set as the attachment structure which can be attached or detached easily to the attachment part 10 and the table 7. FIG.

  In this way, the workpiece 1 clamped between the clamp portions 3 and 3 is cut by the diamond cutters 4, 4. At the start of cutting, the cutting area with the workpiece 1 is slight, but it expands as it descends, resulting in an increase in cutting resistance. By increasing the cutting resistance, the very thin diamond cutters 4, 4... Are deformed, and the heat generation is also increased. As a result, the cutting accuracy of the workpiece 1 is lowered. In the present invention, the cooling water is filled in the slit grooves 17, 17... And is forcibly supplied to the cutting portion as the diamond cutter 4 rotates so as not to cause a reduction in cutting accuracy.

  The cutting resistance is controlled so as not to increase beyond a certain level. That is, since an increase in cutting resistance causes an increase in current necessary for the drive motor 15 to rotate, the cutting speed (descent speed) of the diamond cutters 4, 4,... Is controlled so that the current does not exceed a certain level. I can do it.

  By the way, the rod-shaped workpiece 1 having a certain size is clamped by both clamp portions 3 and 3. However, if there is a slight error in the lengthwise dimension of the rod-shaped workpiece 1, the clamped workpiece 1 may be misaligned during the cutting operation. In the present invention, in order to prevent this displacement, soft elastic layers 21 and 21 are formed on the clamp surfaces of the clamp portions 3 and 3 (contact surfaces with the workpiece 1).

  The elastic layer 21 can be formed by coating a soft resin or attaching a vinyl tape. When the workpieces 1 are clamped by the clamp portions 3 and 3, the elastic layers 21 and 21 can be slightly compressed and deformed in accordance with the acting surface pressure, and the displacement of the workpiece 1 is prevented.

The work shape cut | disconnected with the cutting device which concerns on this invention. When cutting a clamped workpiece. The process of setting the work on the table. Another form of clamping device. The front view of a cutting device. The top view of a cutting device. The side view of a cutting device. When clamping a workpiece with a circular cross section.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work 2 Piece 3 Clamp part 4 Diamond cutter 5 Spindle 6 Side 7 Table 8 Mounting plate 9 Piston rod
10 Attachment
11 Clamp cylinder
12 Clamp cylinder
14 Body frame
15 Drive motor
16 Table frame
17 Slit groove
18 Slit groove
19 Clamping device
20 base
21 Elastic layer

Claims (7)

In the cutting method of cutting a rod-shaped workpiece, the workpiece is attached to the clamp device, clamped by clamping the clamps attached to the attachment portions on both sides, and the disc cutter rotating at a high speed is lowered to remove the workpiece. A slit groove into which the disk cutter enters is formed in the clamp part, and cooling water filled in the slit groove is forcibly supplied to the cutting area as the disk cutter enters. How to cut the workpiece. In a cutting method that cuts a rod-shaped workpiece into a circle, the workpiece is attached to the clamp device, clamped by clamping the clamps attached to the attachments on both sides, and then rotating the clamped workpiece to rotate at high speed. The slit is pressed against the cutter and cut, and a slit groove into which the disk cutter enters is formed in the clamp portion, and the cooling water filled in the slit groove is forcibly supplied to the cutting area as the disk cutter enters. A workpiece cutting method characterized by the above. 3. The workpiece cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the cutting speed is controlled by detecting the current of the drive motor in order to prevent the workpiece cutting resistance from exceeding a certain level. In a cutting device that cuts a rod-shaped workpiece into a circle, the table is mounted on the table in a replaceable manner so that a mounting plate provided with a slit groove parallel to the surface of the disk cutter can be inserted into the table. A clamp part that clamps both sides of the clamp is attached to the attachment part provided at the tip of the piston rod of the clamp cylinder, and the above-mentioned clamp part is also provided with a disk cutter so that it is located on the same plane as the slit groove provided on the mounting plate. A plurality of disk cutters are attached to a spindle that is rotated by a drive motor, and the drive motor has a structure that can move up and down while rotating the disk cutter. Cutting device. In a cutting device that cuts a rod-shaped workpiece into a circle, the table is mounted on the table in a replaceable manner so that a mounting plate provided with a slit groove parallel to the surface of the disk cutter can be inserted into the table. A clamp part that clamps both sides of the clamp is attached to the attachment part provided at the tip of the piston rod of the clamp cylinder, and the above-mentioned clamp part is also provided with a disk cutter so that it is located on the same plane as the slit groove provided on the mounting plate. A plurality of disk cutters are attached to a spindle that is rotated by a drive motor, and the workpiece clamped by the disk cutter that is rotated by a drive motor can be pressed to cut the disk cutter. In this way, the work cutting apparatus is characterized in that the table can be moved up and down. As a clamping device that clamps the workpiece to the table, one clamping part is attached to an attachment part that stands upright on one side of the base part, and the other attachment part is provided on the tip of the piston rod. 6. The workpiece cutting device according to claim 4, wherein the other clamp portion is attached to the attachment portion. 7. The workpiece cutting device according to claim 4, wherein an elastic layer that is slightly compressed and deformed when the workpiece is clamped is formed on the clamp surface of the clamp portion.

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