JP2008188555A - Crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crushing apparatus which has a rotary beater of double-edged sword which does not need troublesome change of the installation direction of the rotary beater. <P>SOLUTION: The crushing apparatus 1 fixes exchangeably a plurality of rotary beaters 8, which is arranged orthogonally to a rotary shaft 6 of a rotor 7 arranged freely rotatably in an outer framework 5 having a supplying opening part 3 opened upwards and a conveying opening 4 opened downwards, to receive a material to be crushed thrown in from a supplying apparatus 12, continuously crushes it by the rotary beater 8 and discharges the crushed material from a conveying opening 4. The rotor 7 is driven by a driving means 10 as to be able to change the rotational direction to the forward direction and the reverse direction. The rotary beater 8 has the double-edged sword and is fixed to the rotor 7 so as to be able to crush the material to be crushed even if the rotational direction of the rotor 7 is changed to any direction of the forward and reverse direction. The crushing apparatus has a throwing-in direction changing means 16 (161, 162) for changing the throwing-in direction of the material to be crushed, which is thrown in from the supplying opening part 3 in the forward direction or the reverse direction of the rotor 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing device for crushing an object to be crushed.

  Conventionally, a plurality of rotary hammers (hammers) provided perpendicular to the rotation axis can be replaced in an outer frame having a supply opening opened upward and a carry-out opening opened downward. There is known a crushing device that is fixed to a rotor, receives a material to be crushed from a supply device from the supply opening, continuously crushes it with a rotary striker, and discharges the crushed material from the outlet. ing.

  In such a crushing device, building waste such as wood crushed to the size of a spectacle case is adopted as a material to be crushed, and this material to be crushed is supplied to a hopper (chute portion) as a supply opening by a belt conveyor or the like. It is conveyed. The object to be crushed is input in the tangential direction of the rotation trajectory drawn by the rotary impactor, and the crushed object crushed to a predetermined size by the rotary impactor passes through the screen and is discharged from the carry-out port.

  In such a crushing device, the object to be crushed is thrown toward the tangential direction of the rotation trajectory drawn by the rotating striker, so that the scattering of the object to be crushed is suppressed. In order to feed in the direction, it is necessary to always set the rotation direction of the rotor to one direction. For this reason, even if a double-blade blade is used as the rotary striker, it is necessary to stop the operation and exchange the direction of rotation of the rotary striker due to wear or damage of the rotary blade. The replacement of the rotary striker has a problem that complicated steps such as bolt loosening, exchange of the rotary striker or changing the mounting direction, and bolt tightening are required.

There has also been proposed a special rotary striker that can change the front-rear direction of the blade edge by loosening the bolt and tightening the bolt without removing the rotary striker from the rotating portion (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-61345

  In the conventional crushing device, since the rotation direction is limited to one direction, there is a problem that a complicated process such as changing the mounting direction of the rotary striker is required even when a double-blade rotary striker is used. There is.

  Moreover, even if it is the special rotation striker described in patent document 1, a bolt loosening process and a bolting process are required. Therefore, in a situation where a large number of rotary strikers (for example, 50) are used in one device, even if such a special rotary striker is used, it is necessary to replace the rotary striker. The problem of requiring a lot of time and forcing the middle stage of the crushing operation during the replacement operation still cannot be solved.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the crushing apparatus provided with the double-blade rotary impactor which does not require the complicated change of the attachment direction of a rotary impactor.

  The present invention provides a plurality of units provided perpendicularly to a rotation axis of a rotor rotatably arranged in an outer frame having a supply opening that opens upward and a carry-out opening that opens downward. The rotary striker is fixed in a replaceable manner, and the object to be crushed from the supply device is received from the supply opening, continuously broken by the rotary striker, and the crushed material is discharged from the carry-out port. In the crushing apparatus, the rotor is driven by a driving means so that the rotation direction can be changed to a forward direction and a reverse direction, the rotary striker is a double-edged blade, and the rotation direction of the rotor is any direction of the forward and reverse directions Even when the change is made, the object to be crushed is fixed to the rotor so that the object can be crushed, and the direction in which the object to be crushed is fed from the supply opening is changed in the forward rotation direction or the reverse rotation direction of the rotor. Equipped with input direction change means Preparative a crushing apparatus according to claim.

  The charging direction changing means may be, for example, a guiding path switching means for switching the charging guide path for the material to be crushed or a path switching means for switching the path of the charging material disposed in the charging path for the material to be crushed.

  Moreover, the above-mentioned crushing apparatus can be provided with the determination means which determines whether the relationship between the rotation direction of a rotor and the injection | throwing-in direction of a to-be-crushed object exists in a predetermined relationship, for example. According to such a configuration, it is possible to determine whether or not the relationship between the rotation direction of the rotor and the input direction of the object to be crushed is a predetermined relationship.

  If the determination means determines that the relationship between the rotation direction of the rotor and the direction in which the object to be crushed is in a predetermined relationship, the operation may be started normally. In the case where the relationship between the rotation direction of the material and the direction in which the material to be crushed is not in a predetermined relationship, it can be applied to the subsequent stop of the operation start operation (invalidity of the operation start operation), a notification to that effect, or the like. That is, the determination result by this determination means is used as it is for determining whether or not driving can be started, and performing driving regulation such as instructing driving starting operation or canceling driving starting operation (invalid driving starting operation) based on the determination. Can do.

  It may be configured that the operator who has received the operation start operation suspension (invalid operation start operation) or a notification to that effect, manually performs the operation again. When it is determined that the relationship with the direction of charging the crushed material is not a predetermined relationship, either the rotation direction of the rotor or the direction of charging the material to be crushed is automatically controlled to correct the right or wrong of the determination result. You may comprise. Thereby, automatic control operation becomes possible.

  For example, when the operator instructs the rotation direction of the rotor, if the determination result by the determination means does not have a predetermined relationship, the input direction of the object to be crushed is automatically changed, or conversely, the direction of input of the object to be crushed When the determination result by the reversing means is not in a predetermined relationship, it is possible to perform control such that the operation is started after reversing the rotation direction of the rotor.

  Moreover, the crushing apparatus according to the present invention may further include a slide door that shields the space at the non-loading position in accordance with the change in the charging direction of the object to be crushed by the charging direction changing means.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the crushing device further includes auxiliary guiding means for guiding the object to be crushed to the optimum position of the rotor that rotates in accordance with the change of the charging direction of the object to be crushed by the charging direction changing means.

  The crushing apparatus according to the present invention further includes a screen below the rotor for selecting whether or not the crushed material crushed by the rotary striker has been crushed to a predetermined size. Is preferably extended upward.

  According to such a structure, the screen can be extended above the rotation center of the rotor on the front side or the back side. Thereby, the processing efficiency can be increased and the continuous operation time can be increased by enlarging the area of the screen provided only below the conventional rotor.

  According to the present invention, the direction in which the object to be crushed can be changed according to the rotation direction of the rotor, or the direction of rotation of the rotor can be changed according to the direction in which the object to be crushed can be changed. It is possible to provide a crushing apparatus including a double-blade rotary striker that does not require any change.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1-5 is a figure explaining the crushing apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crushing device 1 is fixed to a support base 2 formed by a frame. The crushing device 1 includes a cover 5 as an outer frame including a supply opening 3 that opens upward and a carry-out port 4 that opens downward. The cover 5 is supported by a frame (not shown), and doors 5A and 5B are provided symmetrically on the front surface 5a and the back surface 5b of the cover 5, respectively.

  A rotating shaft 6 is provided at substantially the center of the cover 5 that passes through both side surfaces 5c and 5d and is symmetrical in the front-rear direction. The rotating shaft 6 is rotatably supported on a frame or the like that supports the cover 5 via a bearing unit (both not shown). As shown in FIG. 3, a rotor 7 is fixed to the rotary shaft 6 inside the cover 5. A large number of rotary strikers 8 (for example, 5 × 10 rows = 50 pieces) perpendicular to the rotary shaft 6 are attached to the rotor 7 by means of mounting bolts 8A. A crushing blade is formed on each of both side surfaces 8a and 8b in the rotational direction with the rotary striker 8 attached. A screen 9 is replaceably disposed below the rotor 7.

  On the other hand, an auxiliary support base 2A is disposed adjacent to the support base 2, and a motor 10 for driving the rotating shaft 6 is disposed on the auxiliary support base 2A. The rotation of the motor 10 is, for example, a forward / reverse motor, and rotates the rotating shaft 6 in the forward direction or the reverse direction via an appropriate transmission mechanism 11.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a supply device 12 for supplying the material to be crushed to the supply opening 3 is provided above the supply opening 3, and a discharge is provided below the carry-out port 4 as shown in FIG. 2. A conveyor 13 is provided. The supply device 12 includes a supply conveyor 14 that conveys the object to be crushed, a top cover 15 that guides the object to be crushed supplied by the supply conveyor 14 toward the rotating chute 16, and can swing 180 degrees to the top cover 15. The rotary chute 16 as a fixed charging direction changing means is generally constituted.

  The rotary chute 16 is for guiding the object to be crushed conveyed by the supply conveyor 14 to the supply opening 3, and the rotary chute 16 is inclined with an inclination of approximately 30 degrees as shown in the drawing, and the rotation axis O Is centered on the flange 15a at the lower end of the top cover so as to rotate with respect to the top cover 15. As a result, the connecting bolt (not shown) is removed, and as shown in FIG. 5, the flange portion 15a is rotated 180 degrees along the arrow in the horizontal direction to move the inclination direction toward the front-rear direction of the supply opening 3. It is configured to be possible. Here, in FIG. 5A, the outlet 16a of the rotating chute 16 is directed to the front surface 5a (front), and in FIG. 5B, the outlet 16a of the rotating chute 16 is directed to the rear surface 5b (rear). ing.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a dispersing device 18 having a rotating blade 17 made of a rubber plate is disposed inside the rotating chute 16, and the rotating blade 17 is fixed to the outside of the rotating chute 16. The object to be crushed is rotated or oscillated in one direction by the motor 19 and dispersed so that the material to be crushed supplied from the top cover 15 is thrown evenly in the axial direction (width direction) of the rotating shaft 6. Thereby, in this dispersion | distribution apparatus 18, by adjusting the rotational speed (or rocking speed) of the rotary blade 17 according to the kind and magnitude | size of a to-be-crushed object, a to-be-crushed object is disperse | distributed uniformly and it is made into a crushing apparatus. Can be supplied.

  Next, the operation of the crushing device 1 configured as described above will be described.

  A primary crushed material (a material to be crushed) crushed to the size of glasses is supplied to the supply conveyor 14 and guided to the rotating chute 16 via the top cover 15. In a state where the outlet 16a of the rotary chute 16 shown in FIG. 1 is directed to the front surface 5a (front), the motor 19 is driven to rotate the rotary blade 17. Further, the motor 10 is driven to rotate the transmission mechanism 11 in the direction of the arrow a as shown in FIG. 5A, and the rotor 7 is rotated in a clockwise direction as viewed in the drawing (hereinafter, this rotational direction is referred to as a normal rotational direction). )).

  As a result, the object to be crushed guided to the rotating chute 16 is dispersed in the axial direction (width direction) of the rotating shaft 6 by the rotation (or swinging) of the rotating blades 17 and tilted at about 30 degrees. 16 is supplied in the direction of the front surface 5 a of the supply opening 3. Since the throwing direction of the object to be crushed is the tangential direction of the rotation trajectory drawn by the rotary impactor 8 following the forward rotation of the rotor 7, scattering of the crushed material by the rotary impactor 8 fixed to the rotor 7 is reduced as much as possible. The material to be crushed is crushed while being broken. Here, it has been empirically confirmed that when an object to be crushed is introduced in a tangential direction of a circle of a rotation trajectory drawn by the rotary striker 8, the object to be crushed falls and is supplied to the inside of the crusher with a high probability.

  The crushed material crushed to a predetermined size passing through the eyes of the screen 9 passes through the screen 9, is carried out from the carry-out port 4, and is discharged by the discharge conveyor 13.

  After several hundred hours, the cutting edge 8a of the rotary impactor 8 is damaged due to wear or the like, and the crushing efficiency is lowered. When the cutting edge 8a of the rotary impactor 8 is damaged due to wear or the like, the crushing device 1 is completely stopped, the connecting bolt (not shown) connecting the rotary chute 16 and the top cover 15 is removed, and the rotary chute 16 is moved horizontally. Rotate 180 degrees. As a result, the position of the outlet 16a of the rotary chute 16 is changed from the position of the front surface 5a in FIG. 5A to the position of the rear surface 5b in FIG. 5B, and the charging direction of the object to be crushed is from the front direction (front) to the back surface. The direction is changed (backward).

  By driving the motor 10 in the reverse direction, as shown in FIG. 5B, the transmission mechanism 11 is rotated in the direction of the arrow b, and the rotor 7 is rotated counterclockwise as viewed in the drawing (hereinafter, this rotational direction is referred to as “rotation direction”). It is called reverse rotation.)

  The motor 19 is driven to throw the material to be crushed while being dispersed in the axial direction (width direction) of the rotary shaft 6. Since the outlet 16a of the rotating chute 16 is directed to the back surface 5b (rear), the object to be crushed is supplied to the back surface 5b (rear) of the supply opening 3. As a result, the throwing direction of the object to be crushed becomes the tangential direction of the rotation trajectory drawn by the rotating impactor 8 following the reverse rotation of the rotor 7, so that the object to be crushed by the rotating impactor 8 fixed to the rotor 7 is Scattering of the crushed object is reduced as much as possible, and the object to be crushed can be crushed efficiently by the damaging blade edge 8b.

  If both the blade edges 8a and 8b are damaged, the crushing device 1 is completely stopped, and then the mounting bolt 8A is loosened to completely replace the rotary impactor 8.

  In this embodiment, the rotation direction is changed after the cutting edge 8a is completely worn, but the rotation direction may be changed at an appropriate timing. By changing at an appropriate timing, clogging of objects to be crushed caused by uneven distribution can be prevented.

  According to the crushing apparatus described above, the rotation of the rotor 7 can be easily changed in the forward / reverse direction, and the direction in which the material to be crushed can be easily changed in the forward direction and the backward direction. When the direction of rotation is reversed, the input direction of the object to be crushed can be easily changed so that the tangential direction of the rotation trajectory drawn by the rotary striker can always be maintained. When the charging direction is changed to the forward direction and the backward direction, the rotation direction of the rotor can be easily changed so that the charging direction of the object to be crushed can maintain the tangential direction of the rotation locus drawn by the rotary striker. Thereby, the input direction of the object to be crushed can be changed according to the rotation direction of the rotor, and the rotation direction of the rotor can be changed according to the input direction of the object to be crushed.

  Further, according to the above embodiment, since the inside of the outer frame 5 is substantially symmetrical in the front-rear direction, even if the rotation direction of the rotor 7 is reversed in the forward and reverse directions, roughly the same crushing can be performed. Thereby, the crushing apparatus with few scattering of the crushing piece which can be easily utilized by using the both sides | surfaces of a rotary impactor as a blade surface can be provided.

  Further, according to this embodiment, the object to be crushed can be introduced uniformly in the width direction of the crushing device 1 (rotating direction or swinging direction of the rotary blade 17) by the action of the dispersing device 18, so that the rotating shaft 6 It is possible to make the damage and wear of the rotary impactors 8 arranged in a large number (10 rows in this example) in the axial direction and the screen 9 spreading in a planar shape uniform and improve the entire life.

  Further, in the dispersing device 18, since a material having flexibility such as rubber is used for the rotary blades 17, clogging of objects to be crushed inside the dispersing device 18 can be reduced.

Moreover, the clogging of the to-be-crushed object which arises by uneven distribution can also be prevented by changing the rotation direction of a rotor at an appropriate timing.
(Control example)
This control example relates to a control example of the crushing device 1 according to the first embodiment, and as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9A, in addition to the crushing device 1 according to the first embodiment, the input further detects the position of the rotating chute 16. Sensors LS1 and LS2 serving as direction detection means, and control means for controlling each drive unit based on information from the input direction detection means. Here, reference numeral 16b is a protrusion provided on the rotating chute 16, reference numeral 16c is a stopper fixed to the side of the sensors LS1 and LS2, and the sensors LS1 and LS2 are, for example, flange portions 15a (see FIG. It is fixed to the fixed part as in 1). Accordingly, when the rotation chute 16 is rotated 180 degrees to the right or left, the protrusions 16b come into contact with the stoppers 16c for positioning, and the protrusions 16b come into contact with the sensors LS1 or LS2.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 8A, in the state where the projection 16b is in contact with the sensor LS1, the position of the outlet 16a of the rotary chute 16 is arranged on the front side as shown in FIG. In addition, when the rotary chute 16 is rotated 180 degrees from the position of FIG. 8A and the rotary chute 16 is disposed on the back side as shown in FIG. It is comprised so that it may contact | abut to LS2. These input direction detecting means may have any configuration as long as it can detect whether the rotary chute 16 is located on the back side or the front side.

  Further, in the crushing apparatus according to this control example, as shown in FIG. 9A, the forward / reverse rotation operation unit (rotation direction instruction means) 31 that instructs the rotation direction of the rotor 7 and the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 are instructed. Determining means for determining whether or not the relationship between the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) of the rotor and the loading direction of the object to be crushed detected by the loading direction detecting means (sensors LS1, LS2) is a predetermined relationship. The control part (determination means) 33 to include is provided. The control unit 33 is connected to an alarm unit 34 and a rotation direction switching unit 36, and the rotation direction switching unit 36 is connected to the three-layer AC power source 37 and the motor 10.

  As a result, as a result of the determination by the determination unit, for example, if the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) of the rotor indicated by the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 and the position confirmed by the sensors LS1, LS2 are correct, the entire apparatus The predetermined drive is performed.

  On the other hand, if the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) indicated by the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 and the position confirmed by the sensors LS1, LS2 are not correct, the entire device is not driven and an alarm is issued. The part 34 and the like are driven to notify that the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) of the rotor designated by the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 and the positions confirmed by the sensors LS1, LS2 are not correct. An operator who has confirmed that the position is incorrect changes the position of the rotating chute 16 so that the confirmed correct position is obtained, and drives the entire apparatus.

Note that a driving device that changes the position of the rotating chute 16 may be arranged so that the position of the rotating chute 16 is automatically changed when it is determined that the position confirmed by the control unit 33 is not correct. .
(Control 1)
In Example 1, the supply opening 3 was disposed directly below the top cover 15 without the rotation chute 16 being disposed.

  According to the crushing apparatus as described above, the object to be crushed falls directly from the supply conveyor 14 to the vicinity of the center of the rotor 7 (just above the rotating shaft 6) via the top cover 15, but the rotational speed of the rotor 7 is fast ( For example, in the case of 1000 rpm), even if the rotor 7 is rotated in either the forward rotation direction or the reverse rotation direction, the crushed material being crushed is complicatedly jumped out and jumps out from the vicinity of the supply opening 3 of the crushing device. Or it accumulates in the vicinity of the supply opening 3, and the continuous operation of the crushing apparatus 1 may become impossible.

  Further, if the dispersing device 18 is omitted, the objects to be crushed are easily put in one place, and as a result, the screen 9 is locally worn and has a short life.

  The second embodiment is an improved example in which a slide door 20 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is added inside the vicinity of the supply opening 3 of the crushing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.

  The slide door 20 includes a slide door body 21 extending in the rotation axis direction (width direction) of the rotor 7, a pair of left and right upper guide rails 22 and 23 for guiding the slide door body 21 at both ends in the width direction, An upper caster 24 and a lower caster 25 for assisting the movement of the slide door main body 21 and a cylinder 26 as a driving means for driving the slide door main body 21 in the front-rear direction. One set is attached to each end in the direction, and the opposite side is omitted in the drawing.) Here, reference numeral 27 denotes a door rotation fulcrum, reference numeral 28 denotes a door attachment fulcrum pin, and reference numeral 29 denotes a fixing member that fixes the cylinder 26 to be swingable up and down with the attachment pin 29a as a fulcrum. Reference numeral 30 denotes a stopper for restricting the movement of the slide door main body 21, and a pair of front and rear ends are provided at both ends in the width direction. Further, the front end and the rear end of the slide door main body 21 are respectively provided with a front wall 21a and a rear wall 21b rising from the front or rear.

  According to the slide door 20 configured as described above, the slide door body 21 reciprocates between the upper guide rail 22 and the lower guide rail 23 by being supported by the upper caster 24 and the lower caster 25 by extending and contracting the cylinder rod 26a. .

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the movement of the rear wall 21b of the slide door main body 21 is restricted by contacting the stopper 30 with the cylinder rod 26a extended, and the supply opening is provided by the slide door 20. 3 (front side opening 3a) is opened, and the back (back side opening 3b) is closed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, the movement of the front wall 21a of the slide door main body 21 with the cylinder rod 26a contracted is restricted by coming into contact with the stopper 30, and the supply opening is provided by the slide door 20. 3 (the back side opening 3b) is opened, and the front (front side opening 3a) is closed.

  Thereby, this slide door main body 21 is a switching door disposed along the outer periphery of the rotor 7, and switches the slide door main body 21 between the front direction and the rear direction as the cylinder rod 26 a of the cylinder 26 expands and contracts. It can function as a switching door.

  Next, the operation of the crushing device 1 including the slide door 20 configured as described above will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the cylinder rod 26a is extended in a state where the outlet 16a of the rotary chute 16 is directed toward the front surface 5a, and the rear side of the supply opening 3 (rear side opening 3b) by the slide door 20. ) Is closed and the front (front opening 3a) is opened.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the object to be crushed supplied from the supply conveyor 14 is guided to the rotating chute 16 via the top cover 15. The motor 10 is driven to rotate the transmission mechanism 11 in the positive rotation direction indicated by the arrow a shown in FIG. 5A, and the motor 19 is driven to rotate or swing the dispersion device 18.

  The object to be crushed guided by the rotary chute 16 is dispersed in the axial direction (width direction) of the rotary shaft 6 by the rotation (or swinging) of the rotary blade 17, while the outlet 16 a of the rotary chute 16 is connected to the slide door main body 21. It is supplied to the opening side (front opening 3a), and the back opening 3b is in a non-loading position. As a result, as shown by the white arrow in FIG. 6A, the object to be crushed is turned from the front opening 3a of the opened slide door body 21 to the rotating chute 16 inclined in the front direction at an inclination angle of about 30 degrees. It is introduced from the front opening 3a while being guided. The throwing direction of the object to be crushed becomes the tangential direction of the rotation trajectory drawn by the rotating impactor 8 following the forward rotation of the rotor 7, and the scattering of the crushed object is reduced as much as possible by the rotating impactor 8 fixed to the rotor 7. Things are crushed.

  The crushed material crushed to a predetermined size passing through the eyes of the screen 9 passes through the screen 9, is carried out from the carry-out port 4, and is discharged by the discharge conveyor 13. A large uncrushed object interferes with the slide door main body 21 and is restricted from being guided upward of the rotor 7, and is efficiently crushed by the rotary striker 8.

  When the cutting edge 8a of the rotary impactor 8 is damaged due to wear or the like, the crushing device 1 is completely stopped, the connecting bolt (not shown) connecting the rotary chute 16 and the top cover 15 is removed, and the rotary chute 16 is moved horizontally. Rotate 180 degrees. As a result, the position of the outlet 16a of the rotary chute 16 is changed from the front 5a position in FIG. 5 (a) to the back surface 5b position in FIG. 5 (b), and the input direction of the object to be crushed is changed from the front direction to the back direction. Is done.

  At the same time, as shown in FIG. 6B, the cylinder rod 26a is contracted, the slide door body 21 is moved to the front side, the front (front side opening 3a) of the supply opening 3 is closed, and the rear (back side) Open the opening 3b).

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the object to be crushed guided by the rotating chute 16 by driving the motor 19 while rotating the transmission mechanism 11 in the direction of the reverse rotation of the arrow b direction causes the dispersing device 18 to Due to the above action, the light is guided toward the opening 3 while being dispersed in the axial direction (width direction) of the rotary shaft 6. Since the exit 16a of the rotating chute 16 is directed toward the back surface 5b, the object to be crushed is a rotating chute tilted in the back direction at an inclination angle of about 30 degrees as shown by the white arrow in FIG. 6 (b). 16 and supplied from the rear opening 3b, and the front opening 3a is in the non-loading position. The throwing direction of the object to be crushed becomes the tangential direction of the rotation trajectory drawn by the rotating impactor 8 following the reverse rotation of the rotor 7, so that the object to be crushed when being crushed by the rotating impactor 8 fixed to the rotor 7 Scattering is reduced as much as possible. Further, the crushing efficiency lowered due to the damage of the blade edge 8a due to the forward rotation is recovered again, and continuous crushing can be performed.

  If both the blades 8a and 8b of the rotary impactor 8 are damaged due to wear or the like, the crushing device 1 is completely stopped, and then the mounting bolt 8A is loosened to completely replace the rotary impactor 8.

  According to the crushing apparatus described above, the opening area of the supply opening 3 is reduced by the slide door body 21 according to the change of the charging direction accompanying the change of the mounting position of the rotating chute 16, and the space in the non-charging position is slid. Since the door is shielded, the crushing efficiency is further improved.

  Other functions and effects are the same as or equivalent to those of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted, but is as follows.

  By the action of the dispersing device 18, the object to be crushed can be introduced uniformly in the width direction of the crushing device 1, and the damage and wear of the rotary striker 8 and the screen 9 are made uniform to improve the life.

Further, even if both side surfaces 8a and 8b of the rotary impactor 8 can be used as blade surfaces, the direction in which the object to be crushed can always be maintained substantially in the tangential direction of the rotational trajectory of the rotary impactor 8, so Scattering can be suppressed.
(Control example)
This control example relates to a control example of the crushing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, and as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9B, in addition to the crushing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, the input further detects the position of the rotating chute 16. Sensors LS1 and LS2 serving as direction detection means, and control means for controlling each drive unit based on information from the input direction detection means. Here, reference numeral 16b is a protrusion provided on the rotating chute 16, reference numeral 16c is a stopper fixed to the side of the sensors LS1 and LS2, and the sensors LS1 and LS2 are, for example, flange portions 15a (see FIG. It is fixed to the fixed part as in 1). Accordingly, when the rotation chute 16 is rotated 180 degrees to the right or left, the protrusions 16b come into contact with the stoppers 16c for positioning, and the protrusions 16b come into contact with the sensors LS1 or LS2.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 8A, in the state where the projection 16b is in contact with the sensor LS1, the position of the outlet 16a of the rotary chute 16 is arranged on the front side as shown in FIG. In addition, when the rotary chute 16 is rotated 180 degrees from the position of FIG. 8A and the rotary chute 16 is disposed on the back side as shown in FIG. It is comprised so that it may contact | abut to LS2. These input direction detecting means may have any configuration as long as it can detect whether the rotary chute 16 is located on the back side or the front side.

  Further, in the crushing apparatus according to this control example, as shown in FIG. 9B, the forward / reverse rotation operation unit (rotation direction instruction means) 31 that instructs the rotation direction of the rotor 7 and the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 are instructed. Determining means for determining whether or not the relationship between the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) of the rotor and the loading direction of the object to be crushed detected by the loading direction detecting means (sensors LS1, LS2) is a predetermined relationship. The control part (determination means) 33 to include is provided. The control unit 33 is connected to an alarm unit 34, a cylinder drive unit 35, and a rotation direction switching unit 36, and the rotation direction switching unit 36 is connected to the three-layer AC power source 37 and the motor 10.

  As a result, as a result of the determination by the determination unit, for example, if the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) of the rotor indicated by the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 and the position confirmed by the sensors LS1, LS2 are correct, the entire apparatus The predetermined drive is performed.

  On the other hand, if the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) indicated by the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 and the position confirmed by the sensors LS1, LS2 are not correct, the entire device is not driven and an alarm is issued. The part 34 and the like are driven to notify that the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) of the rotor designated by the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 and the positions confirmed by the sensors LS1, LS2 are not correct.

  In addition, the control unit 33 determines the position of the rotating chute 16 when the rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) indicated by the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 and the position confirmed by the sensors LS1 and LS2 are not correct. And the cylinder rod 26a is expanded and contracted by driving the cylinder drive unit 35, and a predetermined signal is transmitted to the rotation direction switching unit 36 to drive the three-layer AC power source 37. The motor 10 is driven to drive the transmission mechanism 11 in a predetermined direction (a direction or b direction), so that the rotation direction of the rotor 7 is controlled to be a predetermined direction.

As in the case of the first embodiment, a driving device for changing the position of the rotating chute 16 is arranged, and when it is determined that the position confirmed by the control unit 33 is not correct, the position of the rotating chute 16 is automatically set. It may be configured to be changed.
(Control example 2)
This control example is related to the improvement of the control example 1, and instead of the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 of the crushing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, the control is performed based on information detected by the sensors LS1 and LS2 as the input direction detecting means. Is operating the department.

  That is, in the crushing apparatus according to this control example, as shown in FIG. 10, the control unit 33 determines whether the positions confirmed by the sensors LS1 and LS2 are based on the information of the sensors LS1 and LS2, for example. For example, the rotation direction switching unit 36 is instructed to rotate in the forward direction, and if the position confirmed by the sensors LS1 and LS2 is in the reverse direction, the rotation direction switching unit 36 is instructed to rotate in the reverse direction. Therefore, in the first modification, as in the third embodiment described later, the rotor rotation direction (forward direction or reverse direction) indicated by the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 and the position confirmed by the sensors LS1, LS2 do not match. Therefore, the alarm unit 34 is unnecessary.

Since other operations are the same as or equivalent to those of the control example 1, detailed description thereof is omitted.
(Control example 3)
This control example 3 relates to the improvement of the control example 2. As shown in FIG. 11, the control unit 33 drives the cylinder driving unit 35 to slide when the positions confirmed by the sensors LS1 and LS2 are in the positive direction based on the information of the sensors LS1 and LS2, for example. The door main body 21 is moved in a predetermined direction, and a message to that effect is displayed on the forward / reverse rotation direction display unit 34 as a notification means.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the operator operates the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 according to the display of the forward / reverse rotation direction display unit 34 to instruct the rotation direction switching unit 36 to drive in a predetermined rotation direction. To do.

  Since other operations are the same as or equivalent to those of Control Example 1 or 2, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the third embodiment mainly includes a butterfly valve (passage switching means) 161 extending in the rotation axis direction (width direction) of the rotor 7 instead of the rotary chute 16 and the slide door 20 of the second embodiment. A chute portion 160 is provided, and a pair of auxiliary butterfly valves 38 a and 38 b as auxiliary guiding means extending in the rotation axis direction (width direction) of the rotor 7 is provided in the vicinity of the supply opening 3.

  Here, the butterfly valve 161 is configured to swing upward at an opening angle of 60 degrees using a reference numeral 161 a disposed at a symmetrical position in the front-rear direction as a swing support shaft.

  Further, these auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b are arranged at symmetrical positions in the front-rear direction and have a structure in which each tip swings up and down (fin type). In the state where the crushed material is guided to the optimum position of the rotor 7 and arranged downward, the movement of the crushed material is limited and the crushing efficiency of the crushed material by the rotary striker 8 is increased. .

  Here, the butterfly valve 161 and the auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b may be configured to continuously extend in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 7 or may be divided into a plurality of parts. Further, the butterfly valve 161 and the auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b are swung in accordance with an arrow between a position indicated by a solid line and a position indicated by a two-dot chain line (imaginary line) by driving a manual lever or a cylinder.

  In this embodiment, the outer frame 5 (or maintenance doors 5C and 5D) is provided with a plurality (for example, eight locations in the circumferential direction) arranged in the rotational axis direction of the rotor 7 (for example, eight locations in the circumferential direction). The fixed blades 32 and the fixed blades 39 in 24 rows in the width direction are detachably fixed. The rotor 7 includes a plurality of (for example, 24 rows in the width direction) double-blade rotary strikers (hammers) 8 (hammer meter) disposed at predetermined intervals in the rotation axis direction (for example, six locations in the circumferential direction). 144) are attached in a replaceable manner.

  Further, in this embodiment, the screen 9 is provided so as to extend above the rotation center of the rotor 7, and the carry-out port 4 is provided between the outer frame 5 and the outer periphery of the front-side upper screen 9 a and the rear-side screen 9 b. The passages 4a and 4b leading to are respectively formed. Here, the screen 9, the front side upper screen 9a, and the back side screen 9b can be independently replaced.

  The operation of the crushing device 1 configured as described above will be described.

  When the butterfly valve 161 and the auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b are disposed at the solid line positions with the rotor 7 rotated clockwise, the object to be crushed supplied by the belt conveyor (not shown) is about 30 degrees by the butterfly valve 161. By the action of the rotary vane 17 that rotates while being guided to the front side at an inclination angle of the angle, it is thrown in while being uniformly dispersed in the width direction of the front side opening 3a (3). The object to be crushed is thrown in the tangential direction of the rotation locus drawn by the rotary striker 8 in the rotation direction of the rotor 7. Further, the object to be crushed put into the optimum position where the rotor 7 rotates by the action of the auxiliary butterfly valve 38a falls into the rotor 7 without being largely scattered, and the action of the fixed blades 32, 39 and the rotary blade 8 It is crushed. The crushed material passes through the screen 9 and is carried out from the carry-out port 4. The crushed object or crushed object that cannot pass through the screen 9 below the rotating shaft 6 is pushed up to the vicinity of the auxiliary butterfly valve 38 b by the rotation of the rotor 7.

  Although it stays in interference with the auxiliary butterfly valve 38b at the top of the rotor 7, the object to be crushed is efficiently crushed by the rotary impactor 8 while being restricted in movement in the width direction by the fixed blade 39, and above the rotating shaft 6. Passing through the screen 9b extending up to and from the carry-out port 4 through the passage 4b.

  On the other hand, when the rotor 7 is rotated counterclockwise, the butterfly valve 161 and the auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b are swung and disposed at the position of the imaginary line. The object to be crushed supplied by a belt conveyor (not shown) is uniformly fed toward the back side opening 3b (3) by the action of the butterfly valve 161 and the rotary blade 17, and the object to be crushed is rotated by the rotary striker 8 Thrown in the tangential direction of the trajectory. Subsequently, it is crushed by the action of the fixed blades 32 and 39 and the rotary blade 8, passes through the screen 9 and is carried out from the carry-out port 4. The object to be crushed or the crushed object that cannot pass through the screen 9 below the rotating shaft 6 is pushed up to the vicinity of the auxiliary butterfly valve 38 a by the rotation of the rotor 7. While interfering with the auxiliary butterfly valve 38a at the top of the rotor 7 and staying, the object to be crushed is efficiently crushed by the rotary impactor 8 while being restricted in movement in the width direction by the fixed blade 39, and the screen 9a extending upward is provided. It passes through and is carried out from the carry-out port 4 through the passage 4a.

  The maintenance or replacement of the fixed blade 32 and the fixed blade 39 can be performed with the maintenance doors 5C and 5D opened.

  According to the above embodiment, the auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b as the auxiliary guiding means are optimally used for the rotor that rotates the object to be crushed in accordance with the change in the direction of the object to be crushed by swinging in a fin system. In addition to the function as auxiliary guiding means for guiding to the position, the object to be crushed stays in the vicinity of the auxiliary butterfly valves 38a, 38b downstream in the rotation direction of the rotor 7 to efficiently crush the object to be crushed.

  Further, in such a structure, the screens 9a and 9b can be extended above the front side or the back side, respectively, and the processing area can be increased and the continuous operation time can be increased by expanding the screen area. Can do.

Since other operations are substantially the same as or equivalent to those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.
(Control example)
Each butterfly valve 161 and auxiliary butterfly valves 38a, 38b are provided with position detection sensors LS (LS161, LS38a, LS38b, all not shown: input direction detecting means) for detecting the respective positions, for example in FIG. Control is performed according to the control example shown.

  When the operator instructs rotation in the forward direction from the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31, the control unit 33 drives the valve drive unit 35 </ b> A to each butterfly valve 161 and the predetermined position (the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 13). The auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b are controlled. The control unit 33, which has detected that each of the position detection sensors LS (LS161, LS38a, LS38b) is arranged at the position of the solid line, issues an instruction to notify the alarm unit 34 of the fact, and conveys the drive unit 35B. Is driven to drive the supply conveyor 14 and the discharge conveyor 13. At the same time, the rotation direction switching unit 36 is instructed to rotate the motor 10 in the forward direction, and the rotor 7 is rotated in the forward direction.

When the operator instructs the reverse direction (or reverse) from the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31, the control unit 33 interrupts all the operations, and then drives the valve drive unit 35A to move to a predetermined position (the imaginary line in FIG. 13). Each butterfly valve 161 and the auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b are controlled so as to be in the position). The control unit 33, which has detected that each of the position detection sensors LS (LS161, LS38a, LS38b) is disposed at the position of the imaginary line, issues an instruction to notify the alarm unit 34 of the fact, and drives the conveyor again. The part 35B is driven to restart the operation of the supply conveyor 14 and the discharge conveyor 13. At the same time, the rotation direction switching unit 36 is instructed to reversely rotate the motor 10 to reversely rotate the rotor 7.
(Modification of control)
In FIG. 14, the operator operates the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31 in consideration of the rotation direction of the motor 10, but instead of the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31, the operator You may comprise so that a change means may be operated. In this case, instead of the forward / reverse rotation operation unit 31, a closing direction operation unit is connected to the control unit 33, and the operator instructs, for example, the position of the butterfly valve 161 of the chute unit 160 forward or backward. .

  When the operator instructs the forward direction from the input direction operation unit, the control unit 33 issues an instruction to notify the alarm unit 34 of the fact, and also drives the valve drive unit 35A to determine the input direction of the object to be crushed. Each butterfly valve 161 and auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b (positions indicated by solid lines in FIG. 13) are arranged so as to be in the direction. The control unit 33 that detects that the position detection sensors LS (LS161, LS38a, and LS38b) are all disposed at the solid line position drives the conveyor driving unit 35B to drive the supply conveyor 14 and the discharge conveyor 13. At the same time, the rotation direction switching unit 36 is instructed to rotate the motor 10 in the forward direction, and the rotor 7 is rotated in the forward direction.

When the operator instructs the backward direction (or reverse) from the input direction operation unit, the control unit 33 instructs the alarm unit 34 to notify the fact and interrupts all the operations, and then drives the valve drive unit 35A. The butterfly valve 161 and the auxiliary butterfly valves 38a and 38b are controlled so as to be in a predetermined position (the position of the imaginary line in FIG. 13). The control unit 33, which has detected that each of the position detection sensors LS (LS161, LS38a, LS38b) is disposed at the position of the imaginary line, drives the conveyor driving unit 35B again so that the supply conveyor 14 and the discharge conveyor 13 Resume operation. At the same time, the rotation direction switching unit 36 is instructed to reversely rotate the motor 10 to reversely rotate the rotor 7.
(Example of reversal instruction control by timer)
The controller 33 is provided with a function for displaying the accumulated operation time by a timer. Thereby, for example, when the operation in the forward direction or the reverse direction reaches 100 hours, an alarm or the like is notified through the alarm unit 34.

  The operator performs the reversing operation after resetting the timer. Of course, you may make it reverse so that it may fully reverse without an operator.

  In general, the rotary striker 8 is worn in about 600 hours on one side. However, as in this embodiment, by repeating the reversing operation every 100 hours, both sides can be consumed sequentially in a balanced manner. The life of the child 8 can be used for a long time.

  That is, if only one surface of the rotary impactor 8 is worn, the wear of the rotary impactor 8 extends to the tip of the rotary impactor 8, and the length of the rotary impactor 8 may be reduced from the maximum length. . If the rotational direction is changed after the length dimension of the rotary striker 8 becomes smaller than the maximum length, the crushing efficiency of the rotary striker 8 is lowered even if the rotor is rotated in the opposite direction. become.

On the other hand, if the rotational direction of the rotor is changed before the length dimension of the rotary impactor 8 starts to decrease from the maximum length, the crushing efficiency of the rotary impactor 8 is reduced even if the rotor is rotated in the opposite direction. There is nothing. Thus, as in this embodiment, by repeatedly rotating the rotor, both the surfaces of the rotary impactor 8 are sequentially consumed in a balanced manner, thereby causing the tip of the rotary impactor 8 to be worn in a “muscle shape”. If the rotary striker 8 is replaced when the length dimension of the rotary striker 8 starts to decrease from the initial maximum length, the life of the rotary striker 8 can be most efficiently maintained long. it can.
(Example of reversal instruction control according to the wear state of the rotary striker)
As shown in FIG. 15, a load cell 40 is disposed between the support 2 that supports the rotor 7 and the bearing 6 a that supports the rotor 7, and detects the load on the rotor 7. The detected load information is input to the control unit 33. When the load information reaches a predetermined value, the alarm unit 34 notifies that fact.

  For example, since the amount of wear when replacing a hammer of a large crusher is about 30 g per hammer, in the case of the crushing apparatus according to Example 2 where the number of hammers is 144, the total load of the hammer is about It is recommended to use the time point when 5 kg is reduced as a measure of inversion. Therefore, the control unit 33 is configured to notify that the rotating striker 8 is worn by the alarm unit 34, for example, by a warning bell or a rotating lamp operation every time the load of the rotor 7 applied to the load cell 40 is reduced by about 5 kg. .

As a result, the operator who is notified by the alarm unit 34 that the load on the rotor 7 has decreased by about 5 kg is reset by resetting the alarm unit 34 and canceling the notification, and then performs a reversing operation. Of course, you may make it reverse so that it may fully reverse without an operator.
(Other reversal instruction control examples)
The example of the control of the reversal time according to the operation time and the wear situation of the hammer has been described above. For example, the inversion time may be controlled by the supply amount (weight or volume basis) of the object to be crushed, the generation amount (weight or volume) of the crushed object, or a combination of these controls. In other words, the reversal time is (1) Reversal with a timer, (2) Alarm notification, (3) Reversal with a constant period, (4) Reversal when the bearing load reaches a predetermined value, (5) Constant amount of crushed material Can be performed in one or a combination of two or more selected from inversion.

  The fourth embodiment is an example of a combination including the slide door 20 of the second embodiment and the equivalent of the chute portion 160 including the passage switching means of the third embodiment.

  In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, a switchable guide (passage switching means) 162 in which the position of the swing support shaft 162a is disposed inside the outer frame 5 is used instead of the butterfly valve 161. Below the switchable guide 162, a trapezoidal guide member 163 that is symmetrical in the longitudinal direction is provided. The switchable guide 162 has substantially the same function as that of the third embodiment in that the opening is guided back and forth by driving a manual lever or a cylinder.

  In the fourth embodiment, the shape of the outer frame 5 is a cylinder along the outer periphery of the slide door body 21 or the rotor 7. Thereby, the opening part of the entrance vicinity formed between the outer periphery locus | trajectory of the rotary impactor 8 fixed to the rotor 7 and the outer frame 5 can also be narrowed.

  According to the above configuration, the object to be crushed is guided to the inclined surface of the switchable guide 162 and the inclined surface of the guide member 163 in accordance with the rotation direction of the rotor 7, and the inside of the crushing apparatus 1 from the opening in the front direction or the back direction. To be supplied.

  In this modification, the rotating part is covered with a casing as much as possible, and the sliding door body 21 swings between the upper and lower guide rails 22 and 23 by expansion and contraction of the cylinder 26. Therefore, the opening of the crushing device is reduced as much as possible while being compact. Thus, the crushing efficiency of the object to be crushed can be increased by the rotation of the rotor 7.

  In addition, due to the action of the guide member 163, the object to be crushed can be reliably introduced from the opening of the slide door 20 in the tangential direction of the rotational trajectory of the rotary impactor 8 as compared with the case of the second embodiment.

Other configurations and operational effects are substantially the same or equivalent to those of the second and third embodiments, and therefore, the same reference numerals as those of the embodiments are given and detailed description thereof is omitted.
(Modification of dispersion device)
This example is an example for explaining a modification of the dispersion device 18 of the first example.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the object to be crushed is dispersed in the width direction of the crushing device 1 by rotating or swinging the rotary blade 17. Accordingly, it was necessary to set the optimum dispersion condition.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 17, a pair of small belt conveyors 41 a and 41 b that convey the object to be crushed in the axial direction (width direction) of the rotating shaft 6 are arranged for the object. Although there is a problem that the apparatus becomes somewhat complicated and expensive, even when the object to be crushed is changed, the object to be crushed can be reliably dispersed in the width direction without changing the dispersion condition.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 18, a plurality of air nozzles 42 a and 42 b that convey the object to be crushed by wind force toward the axial direction (width direction) of the rotating shaft 6 may be provided. By adjusting the air volume (or wind speed) ejected from the air nozzles 42a and 42b according to the specific gravity and shape of the object to be crushed, the object to be crushed can be dispersed in the width direction. It has the feature that the device is simple.
(Improvement of fixed blade arrangement)
This example is an example for explaining a modification of the arrangement of the fixed blades 32 of the third embodiment.

  In Example 3, as shown in FIG. 19, the fixed blade 32 was disposed at the approximate center of the rotary impactor 8 disposed at equal intervals in the rotation axis direction (width direction) of the rotor 7. Therefore, the front and rear fixed blades 32, 32 facing each other are arranged on the same straight line as shown by the dotted line in FIG.

  On the other hand, in the modified example of the arrangement of the fixed blades, as shown in FIG. 20, the positions of the front fixed blade 32a and the rear fixed blade 32b are shifted from the same straight line and arranged on non-identical straight lines.

  Thereby, distribution arises in the space | interval of each fixed blade 32 and the rotary impactor 8, and it can aim at the further improvement of crushing efficiency as a structure which is easy to make the finely pulverized thing of a to-be-crushed object.

  In addition, in this example, although the example was shown with the fixed blade which exists in the substantially same plane as the rotating shaft 6, if each fixed blade is non-coplanar in the rotation locus direction of the rotor 7 (or the rotary impactor 8), Since the same or equivalent operational effects can be obtained, the fixed blade can be arranged in any position.

  As a modification, it is expected that substantially the same effect can be obtained even if the rotary blades are arranged on non-coplanar surfaces instead of the fixed blades.

  Although the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above drawings, and there may be design changes.

  For example, although the slide door 20 described with reference to FIG. 6 has been described with a configuration in which guide rails are provided above and below, the guide member can be used without being limited to the guide rails. For example, when a caster or the like is guided in an arc-shaped long hole, or when a guide rail is provided, it is not necessarily provided vertically. Further, in the slide door 20 described with reference to FIG. 6, the upper guide rail 22 and the upper caster 24 may be omitted.

  In the description of the control example of the crushing device, the control unit is configured to control each drive unit based on information from the sensors LS1 and LS2 as the input direction detection unit. However, the sensors LS1 and LS2 include the control unit. Instead, it may be configured to determine whether or not the vehicle can be operated by a mechanical switch that can electrically switch between open circuit (off) and closed circuit (on).

  According to the above description, the piece to be crushed has been exemplified by a piece of wood, but the piece to be crushed according to the present invention is not limited to a piece of wood, and can be applied to a piece of crushed glass such as an empty bottle. .

It is a figure explaining the outline | summary of the crushing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which looked at the crushing device of Drawing 1 from the back. It is a figure explaining the inside of the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure explaining the detail of the dispersing device of FIG. FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are diagrams for explaining the positional relationship before and after the position of the rotary chute 16 is swung in the crushing device 1 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a view for explaining an improved example in which the slide door 20 is disposed in the crushing apparatus 1 according to the present invention. FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show the slide chute 16 and the rotary chute 16 respectively. It is a figure explaining the condition which is made to slide according to the rocking | fluctuation of this position, and moves an opening to the front and back. It is a figure explaining the detail of the slide door main body 21 of FIG. It is a figure explaining the condition which detects the position of the rotation chute | shoot 16 of FIG. It is a figure explaining the example of control of the crushing device concerning the present invention. It is a figure explaining the example of control of the crushing device concerning the present invention. It is a figure explaining the example of control of the crushing device concerning the present invention. It is a figure explaining the example of control of the crushing device concerning the present invention. It is a figure explaining the example of control of the crushing device concerning the present invention. It is a figure explaining the principal part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the example of control of the crushing device concerning the present invention. It is a figure explaining the outline | summary of the detection apparatus which detects the wear condition of the hammer used for the inversion instruction | indication control example which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the principal part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the modification of a dispersing device, and is a figure explaining the inside cut | disconnected in the rotating shaft direction. FIG. 18A is an end view orthogonal to the rotating shaft 6, and FIG. 18B illustrates an interior cut along a horizontal plane near the rotating shaft 6. FIG. It is a figure explaining the internal structure of a crushing device in order to explain the conventional example of fixed blade arrangement, Fig.19 (a) is an end view orthogonal to the rotating shaft 6, FIG.19 (b) is the rotating shaft 6 vicinity. It is a figure explaining the inside cut | disconnected by the horizontal plane. It is a figure explaining the internal structure cut | disconnected by the horizontal plane of the rotating shaft 6 vicinity of the crushing apparatus in order to demonstrate the improvement example of arrangement | positioning of a fixed blade.

Explanation of symbols

1: Crushing device 2: Support base 2A: Auxiliary support base 3: Supply opening 3a: Front side opening 3b: Back side opening 4: Transport outlet 5: Outer frame 5a: Front 5b: Back 5c, 5d: Side 5A 5B: Door 5C, 5D: Maintenance door 6: Rotating shaft 6a: Bearing 7: Rotor 8: Rotating hammer 8A: Mounting bolt 8a, 8b: Side surface (blade edge)
9: Screen 10: Motor 11: Transmission mechanism 12: Supply device 13: Discharge conveyor 14: Supply conveyor 15: Top cover 15a: Flange portion 16: Rotating chute (guidance path switching means, charging direction changing means)
16a: outlet 16b: protrusion 16c: stopper 160: chute part 161: butterfly valve (passage switching means, closing direction changing means)
161a: Swing support shaft 162: Switching type guide (passage switching means, closing direction changing means)
162a: oscillating support shaft 163: guide member 17: rotating blade 18: dispersion device 19: motor 20: slide door 21: slide door body 21a: front wall 21b: rear wall 22: upper guide rail 23: lower guide rail 24: Upper caster 25: Lower caster 26: Cylinder 26a: Cylinder rod 27: Door rotation fulcrum 28: Door attachment fulcrum pin 29: Attachment pin 30: Stopper O: Rotating shaft 31: Rotation direction indicating means (forward / reverse rotation operation unit)
32: Fixed blade 33: Determination means (control unit)
34: Alarm section, forward / reverse rotation direction display section (notification means)
35: Cylinder driving unit 36: Rotation direction switching unit 37: Three-layer AC power supply 38a, 38b: Auxiliary butterfly valve 39: Fixed blade 40: Load cell 41a, 41b: Belt conveyor 42a, 42b: Air nozzles LS1, LS2: Sensor (injection) Direction detection means)

Claims (6)

A plurality of rotary strikers provided in an outer frame having a supply opening opened upward and a carry-out opening opened downward and orthogonal to the rotation axis of the rotor disposed rotatably. Is a crushing device that accepts the object to be crushed from the supply opening, continuously crushes it with a rotary impactor, and discharges the crushed material from the outlet. And
The rotor is driven by driving means such that the rotation direction can be changed in the forward direction and the reverse direction,
The rotary striker is a double-edged blade, and is fixed to the rotor so that the object to be crushed can be crushed even when the rotation direction of the rotor is changed to either the forward or reverse direction,
A crushing apparatus, comprising a charging direction changing means for changing a charging direction of a material to be crushed charged from the supply opening toward a forward rotation direction or a reverse rotation direction of the rotor.   The charging direction changing means is a guiding path switching means for switching a charging guide path for a material to be crushed or a path switching means for switching a path of a charging material disposed in a charging path for the material to be crushed. Item 1. The crushing apparatus according to Item 1.   The said crushing apparatus is provided with the determination means which determines whether the relationship between the rotation direction of the said rotor and the injection | throwing-in direction of a to-be-crushed object exists in a predetermined relationship. Crushing equipment.   The said crushing apparatus is equipped with the slide door which shields the space of a non-charging direction with the change of the charging direction of the to-be-crushed object by the said charging direction change means. The crushing device described.   The said crushing apparatus is provided with the auxiliary | assistant guidance means which guides a to-be-crushed object to the optimal position of the rotor which rotates with the change of the input direction of the to-be-crushed object by the said input direction change means. The crushing apparatus in any one of -3. The crushing device comprises a screen below the rotor for selecting whether or not the crushed material crushed by the rotary striker has been crushed to a predetermined size,
The crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the screen extends upward from the rotation center of the rotor.

Images