JP2008170029A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat exchanger capable of minimizing a defrosting time and further minimizing energy used in defrosting. <P>SOLUTION: A refrigerant pipe 37 of an atmospheric air-side heat exchanger 15 is divided into a lower stage portion 41 disposed at a lower portion, an upper stage portion 42 and an intermediate stage portion 43 vertically disposed at an upper part of the lower stage portion 41. A refrigerant of which a pressure is properly reduced by a pressure reducer 13 flows into the lower stage portion 41 from refrigerant inlets 48, 49 of a lower portion of the atmospheric air-side heat exchanger 15 through a flow divider 52 first, and then successively flows to a leeward row 45 and a windward row 44, here, the refrigerant radiates heat so that frost at a lower portion in the lower stage portion 41 is melted. The refrigerant radiating heat at the lower stage portion 41 and flowing out from refrigerant outlets 50, 51, flows into the upper stage portion 42 and the intermediate stage portion 43 from refrigerant inlets 63, 68, and flows to refrigerant pipes. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention includes a plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, and a horizontal U-shape that extends through the heat exchange fins and has a U-shape outside the heat exchange fins. It is related with the heat exchanger provided with the refrigerant | coolant piping arrange | positioned in multiple stages so that it may meander with the bent part.

This type of heat exchanger is used in the atmosphere side heat exchanger (outdoor heat exchanger) disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like. And according to this atmosphere side heat exchanger, when the temperature of the outside air is low, when the atmosphere side heat exchanger is frosted, it switches to the defrosting mode. In this defrosting mode, the refrigerant is appropriately decompressed and supplied to the atmosphere-side heat exchanger, and the frost is gradually melted by being heated through the refrigerant pipe.
JP 2001-91096 A

  And when the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant | coolant piping of a heat exchanger is located in the upper part, in the defrost mode mentioned above, the refrigerant | coolant which flowed into the heat exchanger from the refrigerant inlet heat-exchanges with frost, and frost melts | dissolves gradually. However, it gradually melts faster from the frost on the upper part of the heat exchanger, delays in melting at the lower part, does not melt at the place where frost is formed, and begins to slide down the heat exchange fins and the refrigerant piping surface of the heat exchanger. , May accumulate in the lower part of the heat exchanger. For this reason, the accumulated frost melts, or the time until the frost falls downward and the frost is removed from the heat exchanger, that is, the defrost time becomes longer, or the energy consumed at the time of defrosting increases. The problem occurs.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the heat exchanger which can shorten defrost time as much as possible and can reduce the energy used at the time of defrost as much as possible.

  For this reason, the first invention provides a plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, and an outer side extending through the heat exchange fins and extending in the horizontal direction and penetrating the heat exchange fins. And a refrigerant pipe arranged in a plurality of stages so as to meander with a U-shaped bent part, wherein the refrigerant pipe is arranged above the lower part of the lower part and above the lower part. The refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant pipe of the lower stage through the two refrigerant inlets of the lower stage, and then introduced from the refrigerant outlet of the lower stage to the refrigerant inlet of the upper stage. Thus, the refrigerant pipe is introduced separately into the upper-stage refrigerant pipe.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there are provided a plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, a horizontal extension extending through the heat exchange fins, and an outside U extending through the heat exchange fins. In a heat exchanger having a refrigerant pipe arranged in a plurality of stages so as to meander with a letter-shaped bent part, the refrigerant pipe is arranged above and below the lower part of the lower part and above the lower part. The plurality of steps are arranged separately from each other, and after the refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant pipe of the lower stage through the two refrigerant inlets of the lower stage, the plurality of stages are introduced from the respective refrigerant outlets of the lower stage. The refrigerant pipes of the plurality of steps are introduced separately through the refrigerant inlets of the parts.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there are provided a plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, and a horizontal extension extending through the heat exchange fins and U outside the heat exchange fins. In a heat exchanger comprising a refrigerant pipe arranged in a plurality of stages so as to meander with a letter-shaped bent part, the refrigerant pipe is arranged in a lower lower part and above the lower part The lower stage part has an upwind pipe line and a downwind side pipe line that are provided with a refrigerant inlet at the lower part and a refrigerant outlet at the upper part. The refrigerant outlets of the windward side pipe line and the leeward side pipe line are connected to the upper stage by piping.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there are provided a plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, and arranged in a horizontal direction through the heat exchange fins, and at the outer side penetrating the heat exchange fins. In a heat exchanger having a refrigerant pipe arranged in a plurality of stages so as to meander with a letter-shaped bent part, the refrigerant pipe is arranged above and below the lower part of the lower part and above the lower part. Arranged in a plurality of stepped portions, the lower step portion has a leeward side piping row and a leeward side piping row in which a refrigerant inlet is provided in the lower part and a refrigerant outlet is provided in the upper part, The refrigerant outlet of the leeward side pipe line and the leeward side pipe line of the lower step part is connected to the plurality of step parts by piping.

  In a fifth aspect based on the third or fourth aspect, the upper step portion or the plurality of step portions have a windward side pipe row and a leeward side pipe row, and a refrigerant is provided above the windward side pipe row. An inlet is provided, and a refrigerant outlet is provided in the upper part of the pipe line on the leeward side.

  The present invention can provide a heat exchanger that can shorten the defrosting time as much as possible and can reduce the energy used during the defrosting as much as possible.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a heat pump water heater connected by piping to a heat exchanger according to the present invention, which will be described below. First, the heat pump circuit 10 and the hot water supply circuit 20 are the main components.

  The heat pump circuit 10 includes a compressor 11 that compresses a refrigerant such as carbon dioxide, and hot water supply side heat that heats the hot water supply by exchanging heat between the hot water and the refrigerant that has been compressed by the compressor 11 into hot gas. The heat exchanger has an outdoor heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as “atmosphere side heat exchanger”) 15 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the atmosphere. Yes. Reference numeral 15 a denotes a fan that blows air to the atmosphere-side heat exchanger 15.

  The hot water supply circuit 20 adjusts the amount of water circulating in the hot water supply tank 21, the hot water supply tank 21 that stores hot water, the hot water supply pump 22 that circulates the hot water in the hot water supply tank 21 via the hot water supply side heat exchanger 12, and the hot water supply tank 21. A flow rate regulator 23 and the like are included.

  Hereinafter, the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15 will be described in detail based on a schematic front view seen from the leeward side of FIG. 2 and a side view of FIG.

  The atmosphere-side heat exchanger 15 includes left and right side plates 33 and 34 that are provided to face each other, and a plurality of heat exchange fins 35 that are provided with a space between the left and right side plates 3 and 34. The left and right side plates 33, 34 are disposed extending horizontally in the left-right direction through the heat exchange fins 35, and U-shaped bent portions 36 are provided outside the side plates 33, 34. And a plurality of refrigerant pipes 37 arranged so as to meander. In the present embodiment, the left and right side plates 33 and 34 are provided, but are not necessarily provided, and heat exchange fins can be substituted.

  The refrigerant pipe 37 includes a lower step portion (lower block) 41 disposed at the lower portion, an upper step portion (upper block) 42 disposed above and below the lower step portion 41, and an intermediate step portion (intermediate portion lock). 43 are arranged separately. In the present embodiment, the refrigerant pipe 37 is divided into three steps, ie, a lower step 41, an upper step 42, and an intermediate step 43. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and four or more steps, Two step portions, the lower step portion 41 and the upper step portion, may be used, but in this case, this can be dealt with by providing a necessary merger or shunt.

  The lower step portion 41 includes a plurality of up-down direction (in the embodiment, four steps in the up-down direction) leeward side row 44 and leeward side row 45, and upper and lower tier pipes in the leeward side row 44 and leeward side row 45. The refrigerant inlets 48 of the windward row 44 and the refrigerant inlets 49 of the leeward row 45 are formed in the lowermost stage, and the refrigerant outlets 50 of the windward row 44 and The refrigerant outlet 51 of the leeward side row 45 is formed in the uppermost stage. The refrigerant inlets 48 and 49 are connected to a refrigerant pipe 53 via a flow divider 52 as indicated by arrows in FIG.

  The upper stage portion 42 includes a plurality of (in the embodiment, six stages) leeward row 60, a plurality of (same as six) leeward row 61, and the lowermost row of the leeward row 60 and the leeward row 61. And a U-shaped bent portion 62 for connecting the refrigerant pipe. The refrigerant inlet 63 is formed at the uppermost stage of the windward side row 60, and the refrigerant outlet 64 is formed at the uppermost stage of the leeward side row 61.

  The intermediate stage 43 is disposed below the upper stage 42, and has a plurality of stages (six in the vertical direction in the embodiment) windward row 65 and a plurality of stages (six in the vertical direction) leeward. It is comprised from the side row | line | column 66 and the bending part 67 which connects the lowermost refrigerant | coolant piping of the windward side row | line | column 65 and the leeward side row | line | column 66. The refrigerant inlet 68 is formed at the uppermost stage of the leeward side row 65, and the refrigerant outlet 69 is formed at the uppermost stage of the leeward side row 66.

  The refrigerant outlets 50 and 51 of the lower stage 41 are connected to the refrigerant inlet 68 of the intermediate stage 43 and the refrigerant inlet 63 of the upper stage 42, respectively. Moreover, the refrigerant | coolant outlet 64 of the upper stage part 42 and the refrigerant | coolant outlet 69 of the intermediate | middle stage part 43 are connected to the refrigerant | coolant piping 70 shown in FIG.

  A drain pan 71 that receives defrosted water or frost dripped from the atmosphere-side heat exchanger 15 is provided below the atmosphere-side heat exchanger 15.

  Next, the operation of the heat pump water heater configured as described above will be described. First, as an operation mode, a mode for heating hot water (hereinafter referred to as “hot water heating mode”) and a mode for performing defrosting while heating hot water (hereinafter referred to as “defrost mode”) are described. Separately described.

  First, in the hot water supply heating mode, the hot water supply side pump 22, the compressor 11 and the fan 15a are set in the operating state, the decompressor 13 is set in the valve opening control state, and the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid arrow in FIG.

  That is, in this hot water supply heating mode, in the heat pump circuit 10, the refrigerant circulates in the order of the compressor 11 → the hot water supply side heat exchanger 12 → the decompressor 13 → the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15 → the compressor 11.

  On the other hand, in the hot water supply circuit 20, hot water is pumped and circulated by the hot water supply side pump 22. Then, the refrigerant that has been compressed by the compressor 11 into high-temperature and high-pressure hot gas heats the hot-water supply by the hot-water supply side heat exchanger 12 and loses heat to become a high-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant. Then, it evaporates in the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15 and returns to the compressor 11. At this time, the atmosphere-side heat exchanger 15 may be frosted. In such a case, the defrosting mode is appropriately operated.

  In this defrosting mode, the refrigerant from the hot water supply side heat exchanger 12 is appropriately decompressed by the decompressor 13 and supplied to the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15. That is, for the hot water supply heating mode, the fan 15 a is stopped, the decompressor 13 is controlled, and the refrigerant passing through the decompressor 13 circulates through the atmosphere-side heat exchanger 15.

  Then, the hot water supply side heat exchanger 12 does not exchange heat because the hot water supply is stopped, and the refrigerant is decompressed by the decompressor 13 while being at high temperature and high pressure, and becomes a low pressure medium temperature gas refrigerant. Warmed and defrosted.

  For this reason, it becomes possible to perform defrosting of the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15, and it becomes possible to perform a defrosting operation.

  Hereinafter, the defrosting operation of the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15 in the defrosting mode will be described in detail. The refrigerant appropriately reduced in pressure by the pressure reducer 13 first flows in from the refrigerant inlets 48 and 49 of the lower stage portion 41 of the atmosphere-side heat exchanger 15 through the flow divider 52, and reaches the leeward side row 45 and the windward side row 44. In this order, and at this time, the refrigerant dissipates heat and melts the lower frost in the lower stage portion 41. Therefore, the lower frost melts first and the defrost water drops on the drain pan 71, and the frost peeled off from the refrigerant pipe 36 of the lower step portion 41 and the surrounding heat exchange fins 35. Slide down.

  In addition, the temperature of the refrigerant that flows out from the lower step portion 41 and flows into the upper step portion 42 and the intermediate step portion 43 rises as the defrosting of the lower portion proceeds, and the heat removal from the refrigerant removes the upper step portion 42 and the intermediate step portion 43. The frost advances. At this time, as described above, since the frost in the lower stage portion 41 melts or slides down, it is avoided as much as possible that the frost dropped from the intermediate stage portion 43 or the upper stage portion 42 of the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15 is accumulated in the lower portion. That is, it is possible to melt the frost that has fallen to the lower stage 41 where defrosting has proceeded, or to slide down to the lower drain pan 71. As a result, the air-side heat exchanger 15 Time until the frost is removed, that is, the defrosting time can be shortened as much as possible, and the power input to the compressor 11 during the defrosting, that is, the energy consumed during the defrosting is reduced as much as possible. Can do.

  Further, in the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15, the refrigerant flows from the lower stage portion 41 into both the upper stage portion 42 and the intermediate stage portion 43, so that the upper portion and the middle portion of the atmosphere side heat exchanger 15 are defrosted almost uniformly. Further, in the upper stage portion 42 and the intermediate stage portion 43, the refrigerant flows through the windward side rows 60 and 65 from the upper side to the lower side, passes through the bent portions 62 and 67, and moves the leeward side rows 61 and 66 from the lower side. Since it flows to the upper part, defrosting can proceed from the windward side in the upper part and the middle part, and the air whose temperature has increased from the windward side where the defrosting progressed to the leeward side can be efficiently defrosted. As a result, the defrosting time can be further shortened.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, various alternatives, modifications, and variations can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above description, and the various alternatives and modifications described above without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Or a modification is included.

It is a circuit diagram of a heat pump water heater. It is a schematic front view of an atmosphere side heat exchanger. It is a side view of an atmosphere side heat exchanger.

Explanation of symbols

15 Atmosphere side heat exchanger 35 Heat exchange fin 36 Bending part 37 Refrigerant piping 41 Lower stage part 42 Upper stage part 43 Middle stage part 44 Upwind side row 45 Downward side row 48, 49 Refrigerant inlet 50, 51 Refrigerant outlet 52 Divider 63, 68 Refrigerant inlet

Claims (5)

  A plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, and a U-shaped bent portion that extends horizontally through the heat exchange fins and that passes through the heat exchange fins. And a refrigerant pipe arranged in a plurality of stages so as to meander, and the refrigerant pipe is divided into a lower lower part of the lower part and an upper part provided above the lower part of the heat exchanger. After the refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant pipe of the lower stage through the two refrigerant inlets of the lower stage, the refrigerant outlet from the lower stage is connected to the refrigerant pipe of the upper stage through the upper refrigerant inlet. A heat exchanger characterized by being introduced separately.   A plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, and a U-shaped bent portion that extends horizontally through the heat exchange fins and that passes through the heat exchange fins. And a plurality of step portions in which the refrigerant pipe is disposed above and below the lower step portion and above and below the lower step portion. The refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant pipe of the lower stage through the two refrigerant inlets of the lower stage, and then the refrigerant inlets of the plurality of stages are connected to the refrigerant outlet of the lower stage. The heat exchanger is characterized in that the heat exchanger is divided and introduced into the refrigerant pipes of the plurality of steps.   A plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, and a U-shaped bent portion that extends horizontally through the heat exchange fins and that passes through the heat exchange fins. And a refrigerant pipe arranged in a plurality of stages so as to meander, and the refrigerant pipe is divided into a lower lower part of the lower part and an upper part provided above the lower part of the heat exchanger. The lower stage portion has a windward side pipe line and a leeward side pipe line provided with a refrigerant inlet at a lower part and a refrigerant outlet at an upper part. A heat exchanger, wherein a refrigerant outlet of a pipe line on the leeward side is connected to the upper stage by piping.   A plurality of heat exchange fins provided at intervals, and a U-shaped bent portion that extends horizontally through the heat exchange fins and that passes through the heat exchange fins. And a plurality of step portions in which the refrigerant pipe is disposed above and below the lower step portion and above and below the lower step portion. The lower stage part has a windward side pipe line and a leeward side pipe line provided with a refrigerant inlet at the lower part and a refrigerant outlet at the upper part. A heat exchanger in which the refrigerant outlets of the pipe line and the pipe line on the leeward side are pipe-connected to the plurality of steps.   The upper stage section or the plurality of stage sections have a windward side pipe line and a leeward side pipe line, a refrigerant inlet is provided on the upper side of the windward side pipe line, and a refrigerant outlet is provided on the upper side of the leeward side pipe line. The heat exchanger according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the heat exchanger is provided.

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