JP2008168226A - Method for treating object to be treated and treatment apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating an object to be treated by which combustion residue contained in the gas emitted from the object to be treated is prevented from deposition on a connection pipe formed in an upper part and clogging the connection pipe. <P>SOLUTION: In a melting furnace part 2 in a lower part, an organic component and an inorganic component contained in an object to be treated are gasified and melted. In a reforming furnace part 3 in the upper part, the gas generated in the melting furnace part 2 and ascending is reformed. The reformed gas is sent to the next step through a connection pipe 4. The ascending gas is led to a side-wall face 5 side of the reforming furnace part 3 and flowed upward along the side-wall face 5 by supplying oxygen to the reforming furnace part 3 and combustion residue contained in the gas is deposited as a molten matter on the side-wall face 5 and the molten matter is dropped from the side-wall face 5 to the melting furnace part 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for processing an object to be processed and a processing apparatus therefor.

At present, the shortage of waste disposal sites is a problem, and most of industrial waste and general waste are incinerated or reduced in volume as they are generated or pretreated. In many cases, final disposal such as Various methods have been proposed for this incineration method. In recent years, management of harmful substances such as dioxins in gas generated during incineration is important. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of recycling, not only incineration of waste, gasification and melting of waste, decomposition of harmful substances by reforming gas at high temperature, slag, metal and fuel gas or chemical raw material gas There is a demand for a method of treating waste that collects the waste as a resource.
Examples of such a processing method include those disclosed in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3. In this treatment method, waste is first compressed, dried, pyrolyzed, and carbonized. Then, the carbonized product obtained by carbonization is put into a high temperature reactor, which is gasified and melted by adding oxygen, and as resources, slag (inorganic melt), metal (metal melt), and fuel gas Alternatively, chemical raw material gas is obtained.

In order to obtain a fuel gas as a resource, oxygen is reacted with the gas generated by gasification in a high temperature reactor, and the gas temperature is set to about 1200 ° C. by the reaction heat. In this high-temperature reactor, the gas is retained at about 1200 ° C. for 2 seconds or more, so that tar and dioxins in the gas are decomposed and reformed into a reformed gas mainly composed of H ₂ , CO, and CO _2. Is done. Then, the reformed gas is sent to the quenching step, which is the next step, via a connecting pipe provided at the top of the high temperature reactor, and is used as a refined fuel gas or chemical raw material gas.

JP-A-6-26626 JP-A-6-79252 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-259962

However, in the conventional treatment method, the combustion residue (inorganic component) flying with the gas generated in the high temperature reactor is in a molten state as long as the temperature of the gas is higher than the melting point of this combustion residue in the high temperature reactor. However, when this gas reaches the top connecting pipe, there is a problem that unburned residue is solidified on the inner wall of the connecting pipe due to heat radiation in the connecting pipe and adheres and accumulates to block the connecting pipe. .
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a high-temperature reactor 40 of a processing apparatus in which a conventional processing method is performed is provided with a melting furnace section 41 that is located below the waste inlet and gasifies and melts the object to be processed. In order to ensure a sufficient gas residence time in the reforming furnace section 42 having an upper reforming furnace section 42 at about 1200 ° C., oxygen is supplied to a position below the reforming furnace section 42. A lance 43 is provided.
Conventionally, in this reforming furnace section 42, focusing on the promotion of the reforming reaction of pollutants (tar content, dioxins) in the gas rising from the melting furnace section 41, the degree of mixing of oxygen and pollutants in the gas In order to enhance the turbulent flow state and enhance the turbulent flow state, as shown in FIG. 8, the lance 43 is ejected in the radial direction, for example, the same direction in the circumferential direction and the inner circumferential surface. It is set in a direction that is inclined at a certain angle, and oxygen is supplied. However, in such a turbulent flow enhancement method, a strong upward flow (upward spiral flow) is generated in the central portion of the reforming furnace section 42. For this reason, the unburned residue flowing out from the material to be processed in the melting furnace section 41 is heated to a high temperature at a position below the reforming furnace section 42, and then is caught in the strong upward flow and rises straight. 44 will be reached. For this reason, most of the unburned residue contained in the high-temperature gas flows to the connecting pipe 44, the temperature of the gas decreases in the connecting pipe 44, and the unburned residue adheres to the connecting pipe 44 and is easily solidified. If the deposits block the connection pipe in this way, the operation of the processing apparatus having the high-temperature reactor is stopped, the work for removing the deposits is necessary, and the operating rate of the waste treatment is lowered. is there.

In order to solve this problem, conventionally, there is a configuration in which a heating device that heats the inner wall of the connecting pipe and maintains the inner wall temperature is provided, and a scraping device for scraping off deposits attached to the connecting pipe is arranged. Proposed. However, in this case, the structure is complicated and the equipment cost is increased, and further, there are disadvantages that cost and time are required for repairing the heating device and the scraping device.
Further, in order to solve the above problems, the amount of oxygen supplied to the reforming furnace section 42 is increased, the temperature of the gas is increased, the temperature of the gas flowing through the connection pipe 44 is increased to 1300 ° C. or more, and the connection pipe 44 A method of melting and removing the adhering material is considered. However, in this case, in the reforming furnace section 42, the refractory provided in the lower portion of the lance 43 is exposed to a higher temperature. Increasing the temperature of the refractory will increase the amount of wear and loss and increase the amount of heat dissipation. For this reason, the life of the refractory is reduced, and the amount of heat dissipated increases, so that further oxygen is required to maintain the gas temperature, and there is a possibility that deterioration due to higher temperatures of the refractory will further progress. .

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a processing method for an object to be processed which can prevent unburned residue contained in the gas generated from the object to be processed from adhering to the connecting pipe provided on the upper part and blocking the connecting pipe, and the method thereof An object is to provide a processing apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to gasify and melt an organic component and an inorganic component contained in an object to be processed in a melting furnace part at the lower part of the furnace, and to raise the gas generated in the melting furnace part. The reforming is performed in the upper reforming furnace, and the reformed gas is sent to the next process through a connecting pipe provided in the upper part of the reforming furnace, and the inorganic components are melted and recovered in the lower part of the furnace. A processing method for an object to be processed, wherein a gas containing oxygen is supplied to the reforming furnace section to guide the gas rising from the melting furnace section to a side wall surface side of the reforming furnace section. It flows up along the said side wall surface, and the unburned residue contained in the said gas is made to adhere to the said side wall surface as a melt.

  According to this processing method of the object to be processed, the gas containing the unburned residue rising from the melting furnace part to the reforming furnace part is led to the side wall surface side of the reforming furnace part and flows along the side wall surface. Then, the unburned residue contained in the gas is brought into contact with the side wall surface and adhered as a melt. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the unburned residue contained in the gas from reaching the connecting pipe provided in the upper portion of the reforming furnace, and to prevent the remaining unburned substance from adhering to the connecting pipe and closing the connecting pipe.

  Moreover, in this processing method, it is preferable that the melt adhered to the side wall surface is dropped from the side wall surface to the melting furnace section. Thereby, a melt can be collect | recovered in a melting furnace part.

  Further, in this processing method, the gas is jetted downward from the upper wall portion of the reforming furnace portion to the central portion in the lateral direction of the reforming furnace portion. It is preferable that a downward flow of the combustion gas (combustion gas generated by the gas) is generated by the gas, and an upward flow including the gas is generated on the side wall portion side around the downward flow. In this way, by blowing the gas downward from the upper wall portion of the reforming furnace portion to the central portion in the lateral direction of the reforming furnace portion, the flow of the combustion gas by this gas (downflow) causes the melting furnace The unburned residue flowing up and flowing in the gas from the section can be guided to the side of the side wall surface of the reforming furnace section, and an upward flow can be generated on the side wall section side. Thereby, the unburned residue contained in the gas can be efficiently brought into contact with the side wall surface and adhered as a melt.

In this case, the extended imaginary line in the ejection direction of the gas ejected from a plurality of locations on the upper wall portion and the gas ejected from one location approaches the extended imaginary line in the ejection direction of the gas ejected from the other location. It is preferable to do this.
As a result, the gas ejected from the upper wall portion can be ejected so as to approach in the central portion in the lateral direction of the reforming furnace section and at the lower position of the reforming furnace section. Can be formed. Furthermore, you may cross | intersect both extended virtual lines which were made to approach.

Furthermore, a constricted portion is formed at a lower position of the reforming furnace portion, and a lateral central portion of the constricting portion of the reforming furnace portion and a central portion of the inlet portion of the connecting pipe are provided. It is preferable that the extended virtual lines in the ejection direction approach each other in a region on a straight line to be connected.
Thereby, the flow of the unburned residue contained in the gas can be limited (narrowed) to the constricted portion, and the combustion gas from the gas can be applied to the gas rising from the constricted portion and the unburned residue. Thereby, the gas rising from the constricted part can be efficiently led to the side wall surface side of the reforming furnace part.

  Moreover, in the said processing method, it is preferable to hold | maintain the temperature of the gas which flows through the said connecting pipe more than melting | fusing point of the said burning residue. Thereby, even if a burning residue is still contained in the gas flowing through the connecting pipe, it is possible to prevent the burning residue from adhering to the connecting pipe.

  Moreover, in the said processing method, it is preferable to supply further the gas containing oxygen from the side wall part of the said reforming furnace part, and to heat the said side wall part side. As a result, the unburned residue contained in the gas flowing along the side wall surface is melted, the viscosity of the melt adhering to the side wall portion of the reforming furnace portion is lowered, and it can be flowed downward by its own weight. The renewability of the wall surface can be improved, and the melt can be efficiently attached to the side wall surface.

Moreover, in the said processing method, you may inject a fuel toward the downward direction from the upper wall part of the said reforming furnace part to the center part of the horizontal direction of the said reforming furnace part. In this case, the gas can be heated by the combustion of the fuel, and the combustion gas can be made to flow downward with a high temperature in the central portion, so that the unburned residue can be melted and attached efficiently to the side wall surface.
Moreover, in the said processing method, it is preferable that the molten material adhering to the said side wall surface is dripped at the said melting furnace part. As a result, when there is an inlet for the object to be processed below, the inlet can be prevented from being blocked by the melt, and the melt adhering to the side wall surface is quickly collected in the melting furnace section. be able to.

  Further, the present invention for achieving the above object is to provide a lower melting furnace section that gasifies and melts organic components and inorganic components contained in the object to be processed, and a gas generated and raised in the melting furnace section. A processing apparatus for an object to be processed, comprising: a high-temperature reactor having an upper reforming furnace section for reforming; and a connecting pipe provided at the upper portion of the reforming furnace section for sending the reformed gas to the next process The reforming furnace section so that the gas containing the unburned residue rising from the melting furnace section is guided to the side wall surface side of the reforming furnace section and flows upward along the side wall surface. And a supply means for supplying a gas containing oxygen.

  According to this processing object processing apparatus, the supply means supplies a gas containing oxygen to the reforming furnace section, whereby the gas containing the unburned residue rising from the melting furnace section to the reforming furnace section, It can guide to the side wall surface side of the reforming furnace. And by flowing this gas along the side wall surface, the burning residue contained in the gas can be brought into contact with the side wall surface and adhered as a melt. Therefore, it can suppress that the unburned residue contained in gas reaches | attains the connecting pipe provided in the upper part of the reforming furnace part, and can prevent that a non-burning residue adheres to a connecting pipe and obstruct | occludes a connecting pipe.

  Further, in the processing apparatus, the supply means includes a nozzle that is provided on an upper wall portion of the reforming furnace section and ejects the gas downward at a central portion in a lateral direction of the reforming furnace section. It is preferable. As a result, the nozzle is ejected from the upper wall portion of the reforming furnace section downward to the lateral central portion of the reforming furnace, and ascends from the melting furnace section by this gas flow. The gas can be led to flow toward the side wall surface of the reforming furnace.

  Further, in the processing apparatus, the supply means includes a nozzle that is provided on an upper wall portion of the reforming furnace section and jets fuel downward at a lateral center of the reforming furnace section. It is preferable. Thereby, gas can be heated by combustion of the fuel from a nozzle, and the temperature of gas can be raised.

  Further, in the processing apparatus, the supply unit includes a plurality of the nozzles, and an extended virtual line in the ejection direction of each nozzle is set to approach an extended virtual line in the ejection direction of other nozzles. It is preferable. As a result, the gas and fuel ejected from each nozzle can be ejected so as to approach in the lateral center of the reforming furnace and at a position below the reforming furnace. A downward flow can be formed. Furthermore, you may arrange | position a nozzle so that the extended imaginary line which approached may cross | intersect.

  Further, the reforming furnace section has a constricted portion at a lower position, and connects the lateral central portion of the constricting section of the reforming furnace portion with the central portion of the inlet portion of the connecting pipe. It is preferable that extended imaginary lines in the ejection direction of the nozzle are set to approach each other in a region on a straight line. As a result, the flow of the unburned residue contained in the gas can be limited (narrowed) to the constricted portion, and the gas rising from the constricted portion and the unburned residue are subjected to the gas from the nozzle or the combustion gas from the fuel. Can do. Thereby, the gas rising from the constricted part can be efficiently led to the side wall surface side of the reforming furnace part.

  Moreover, in the processing apparatus, it is preferable that the reforming furnace section has a diameter-expanding section that is expanded upward. As a result, eddy currents are generated in the gas containing the unburned residue rising from the melting furnace section to the reforming furnace section in the expanded diameter section. For this reason, the enlarged diameter portion can cause a gas flow in the direction of the side wall surface. Further, the vortex can cause the gas to stay in the enlarged diameter portion, and the unburned residue contained in the gas can be efficiently attached to the enlarged diameter portion and the side wall surface in the vicinity thereof.

  Moreover, in the said processing apparatus, it is preferable that the said reforming furnace part has a constriction part with the smallest cross-sectional area in the part below it. Thereby, the melt adhered to the side wall surface of the reforming furnace can be dropped from the constriction to the melting furnace, and the melt can be quickly collected in the melting furnace.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said processing apparatus is provided with the 2nd supply means provided in the side wall part of the said reforming furnace part, and supplying gas in order to heat the said side wall part side. As a result, the unburned residue contained in the gas flowing along the side wall surface is melted, the viscosity of the melt adhering to the side wall portion of the reforming furnace portion is lowered, and it can be flowed downward by its own weight. The renewability of the wall surface can be improved, and the melt can be efficiently attached to the side wall surface.

  According to the present invention, the unburned residue contained in the gas rising from the melting furnace section to the reforming furnace section can be adhered as a melt to the side wall surface of the reforming furnace section. It is possible to suppress the unburned residue from reaching the connecting pipe provided at the upper portion of the reforming furnace section, and to prevent the unburned residue from adhering to the connecting pipe and closing the connecting pipe.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a processing apparatus for an object to be processed of the present invention. This processing apparatus includes a receiving facility 31 that receives a processing object (waste) collected by a garbage truck, a preprocessing facility 32 that performs preprocessing on the processing object sent from the receiving facility 31, and a preprocessing. A gasifier facility 33 having a high-temperature reactor 1 that gasifies and melts the finished object to be processed, and a gas purification facility 34 that rapidly cools the gas generated in the gasifier facility 33 and removes a small amount of impurities. And a power generation facility 35 that generates power using the gas from the gas purification facility 34, and a slag metal facility 36 that separates and collects slag and metal obtained by melting in the gasification furnace facility 33.

  The pretreatment facility 32 gasifies and dries the workpiece. The object to be processed is heated to, for example, about 600 ° C., and a thermally unstable substance (for example, plastic) contained in the object to be processed is thermally decomposed, gasified, and carbonized, and then reacted at a high temperature from the inlet 12. It is sequentially pushed into the furnace 1.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the high-temperature reactor 1 of the gasifier facility 33. The high-temperature reactor 1 has an upright cylindrical shape, and has a melting furnace section 2 in the lower part of the furnace below the inlet 12 into which the object to be processed is introduced, and an improvement in the upper part of the furnace above the inlet 12. And a quality furnace section 3. The central part of the melting furnace part 2 is heated to a high temperature by the heat of reaction (C + O ₂ → CO ₂ ) between the oxygen blown from the oxygen lance 13 and the carbides present in the melting furnace part 2, and the carbides reach a high temperature of about 2000 ° C. Be heated. The inorganic component melts at this high temperature and becomes a molten slag containing ash as a main component and a molten metal containing a metal as a main component. The gas (CO ₂ ) generated in the central portion of the melting furnace section 2 consumes heat for pyrolysis gasification of organic components contained in the workpiece deposited on the upper portion of the melting furnace section 2. Then, the temperature is lowered to about 900 ° C., accompanied by unburned residue, becomes a mixed gas mixed with the gas generated in the pretreatment facility 32, and the mixed gas flows out (increases) to the upper reforming furnace section 3. The unburned residue accompanying the gas is mainly an incombustible material (ash) of an inorganic component, and also includes a combustible material (incompletely combusted product) of an organic component.

At the top portion (exit portion) of the reforming furnace section 3, it is heated to about 1200 ° C. by the supply of oxygen from nozzles 8a and 8c (hereinafter described as lances 8a and 8c), and is maintained at that temperature. The reforming furnace unit 3 is also called a free board (free gas space). The reforming furnace section 3 is heated to high temperature by the reaction heat between oxygen blown from the lances 8a and 8c and the gas in the reforming furnace section 3 (the mixed gas). Then, the combustible contained in the mixed gas is further pyrolyzed and gasified. Further, the reforming furnace unit 3 reforms the mixed gas generated and rising in the melting furnace unit 2. The reforming furnace section 3 can reform the mixed gas by heating it at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time or longer, and can make a reformed gas mainly composed of H ₂ , CO, and CO ₂ . For example, by setting the mixed gas at 1200 ° C. at the top of the reforming furnace section 3 and retaining it for a predetermined time (for example, 2 seconds), harmful gases such as dioxins and tar in the mixed gas are thermally decomposed and the reformed gas It can be. Then, the reformed gas is sent to a gas purification facility 34 (see FIG. 1) for performing gas purification, which is the next process, via a connecting pipe 4 provided at the upper part of the reforming furnace section 3.

  The gasification furnace facility 33 has a homogenization furnace 21 that is continuous with the high-temperature reactor 1 at the bottom. The homogenizing furnace 21 is heated by the burner 14 and is maintained at about 1600 ° C. And the molten slag which has ash etc. as a main component and the molten metal which has a metal as a main component can be stored in the state isolate | separated from each other (homogenized state), maintaining a molten state. The homogenization furnace 21 is continuous with the slag metal equipment 36 (see FIG. 1), and the slag collected by the slag metal equipment 36 is used for, for example, concrete aggregate, and the metal is used for a metal raw material.

  The processing apparatus includes a supply unit 6 for supplying a gas containing oxygen to the reforming furnace unit 3. The supply means 6 has a plurality of (for example, three) lances 8 a (first lances 8 a) provided on the upper wall portion 7 of the reforming furnace portion 3. These lances 8 a are configured to eject oxygen downward to the central portion 9 in the lateral direction of the reforming furnace section 3. These lances 8a are disposed on the upper wall portion 7 with an interval in the circumferential direction.

  Then, the lance 8a jets oxygen downward from the upper wall portion 7 of the reforming furnace section 3, that is, from the ceiling section of the reforming furnace section 3 to the central portion 9 in the lateral direction of the reforming furnace section 3, Combusting the gas (hydrogen, carbon monoxide) in the furnace section 3 to form a high-temperature jet flow mainly composed of the combustion gas (flow downward toward the center section 9), in the reforming furnace section 3, A downward flow (arrow A) due to the ejected oxygen is generated in the central portion 9, and an upward flow (arrow B) due to the mixed gas is generated on the peripheral side wall 19. In this way, the lance 8a spouts oxygen downward from the upper wall portion 7 of the reforming furnace section 3 to the central section 9 of the reforming furnace section 3, and the downward flow of the high-temperature combustion gas generated thereby is Suppressing the rise of the unburned residue rising from the melting furnace section 2 as it is, the unburned residue is mixed with the mixed gas, and the mixed gas is heated to a higher temperature, leading to the side wall surface 5 side of the reforming furnace section 3. It can flow. Then, the mixed gas that has been raised from the melting furnace section 2 and led to the side wall surface 5 can flow upward along the side wall surface 5, and the unburned residue contained in the high-temperature mixed gas becomes a melt, which is reformed. It can be made to contact and adhere to the side wall surface 5 in the lower part of the furnace part 3 as a melt. That is, the unburned residue contained in the mixed gas coats the side wall surface 5 as a melt, so that the unburned residue is captured by the side wall surface 5.

  A plurality of first lances 8 a are provided in the circumferential direction so as to surround the inlet of the connection pipe 4. The oxygen ejection direction by each first lance 8a is a direction inclined with respect to the vertical line (vertical center line of the reforming furnace section 3), and in the oxygen ejection direction by each first lance 8a. The extended imaginary line heading is set so as to approach the extended imaginary line in the ejection direction of the other lance 8a. Furthermore, you may arrange | position the 1st lance 8a so that the extended virtual lines which approached may cross | intersect. Further, as will be described in detail later, the reforming furnace section 3 has a constricted portion 11 at a lower position, and a central portion in the lateral direction of the constricted portion 11 and a central portion of the inlet portion of the connecting pipe 4. It is preferable that the ejection directions of the first lances 8a are close to each other in a region on a straight line connecting the two and further intersect each other. Furthermore, the approach part (intersection part) exists in the area | region of the upper vicinity of the constriction part 11 (diameter enlarged part 10). As a result, the ejection directions of the plurality of lances 8a are focused, and a stable downward flow can be formed.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the 1st lance 8a shall be 2-6. With one, it is not possible to focus on the fluctuation of oxygen, and with seven or more, the gas flow rate may be averaged and it may be difficult to ensure a sufficient downward flow.

  The supply means 6 has a nozzle 8b (hereinafter described as a lance 8b) for ejecting liquid or gaseous fuel. A lance 8 b is also provided on the upper wall portion 7 of the reforming furnace portion 3. The ejection direction of the lance 8b is the same as that of the first lance 8a, and is a direction directed downward toward the central portion 9 of the reforming furnace section 3. Further, the extended imaginary line in the fuel ejection direction of each lance 8b is set so as to approach and further intersect with the extended imaginary line in the ejection direction of the other lance 8b, and this lance 8b is set to the first lance 8a. When provided together, the extended imaginary lines in the fuel and oxygen ejection directions approach and intersect. Thus, the fuel is burned by the lance 8b from the upper wall portion 7 of the reforming furnace section 3 to the center section 9 of the reforming furnace section 3 so that the fuel burns to form a high-temperature gas jet. Then, the mixed gas is heated, the temperature of the mixed gas is increased, the burning residue is melted, and this can be efficiently attached to the side wall surface 5.

  The reforming furnace unit 3 includes a cylindrical main body part 17 that is continuous with the upper wall part 7 and includes a side wall part 17a that is linear in the vertical direction, and a cylindrical constriction part (a cross-sectional area smaller than the main body part 17). (Reduced diameter portion) 11. The constricted part 11 is provided at a position closer to the lower side of the reforming furnace part 3 and is located above the charging port 12. Thereby, the reforming furnace part 3 has the diameter-expanded part 10 which is diameter-expanded upward. That is, the diameter-expanded portion 10 is between the constricted portion 11 and the main body portion 17, and the diameter-expanded portion 10 has a tapered shape. Due to the enlarged diameter portion 10, a swirl e is generated in the enlarged diameter portion 10 in the mixed gas containing the unburned residue rising from the melting furnace portion 2 to the reforming furnace portion 3. By this vortex flow e, it is possible to cause the mixed gas to flow in the direction toward the side wall surface 5. Therefore, the mixed gas that has risen from the melting furnace section 2 to the reforming furnace section 3 along the inner peripheral surface of the high-temperature reactor 1 also causes a flow toward the side wall surface 5 in the enlarged diameter section 10. be able to.

The reforming furnace section 3 is provided with a plurality of second nozzles 8c (hereinafter referred to as lances 8c) as second supply means. The lance 8c is attached to a position in the vicinity of the upper side of the enlarged diameter portion 10 of the reforming furnace portion 3 in the side wall portion 17a. By providing a plurality of lances 8c, the supply amount per one and the flow rate of oxygen can be made smaller than those of the first lance 8a. For example, the second lance 8c is provided in two stages up and down. For example, four lances 8c are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction for each stage, and a total of eight are provided.
Further, the direction in which oxygen is ejected from the lance 8c is orthogonal to the side wall surface 5 of the side wall portion 17a and is not inclined. That is, the ejection direction is the radial direction. Furthermore, it is preferable that the lance 8c is set so that the ejection directions face each other. Thereby, by supplying gas from the lance 8c, the side wall portion 17a side, that is, the side wall surface 5 and the vicinity thereof can be heated by the combustion gas.

  In the conventional reforming furnace as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, attention is paid to the promotion of the reforming reaction of pollutants in the gas rising from the melting furnace section 41, and mixing of oxygen and pollutants in the gas is performed. In order to increase the degree and strengthen the turbulent flow state, the ejection direction of the lance 43 is set to a direction inclined in the radial direction, for example, the same direction in the circumferential direction and inclined at a constant angle with respect to the inner circumferential surface. And oxygen is supplied. In such a turbulent flow enhancement method, a strong upward flow is generated in the central portion of the reforming furnace section 42, and the unburned residue flowing out from the workpiece in the melting furnace section 41 is located below the reforming furnace section 42. After being heated to a high temperature at the position, it is caught in the strong upward flow and rises straight, and reaches the connecting pipe 44. For this reason, most of the unburned residue contained in the gas flows to the connection pipe 44, the temperature of the gas decreases in the connection pipe 44, and the unburned residue adheres to the connection pipe 44 and easily solidifies. When the deposits block the connection pipe in this way, it is necessary to stop the operation of the processing apparatus having the high-temperature reactor and to remove the deposits. As a result, the operation rate of the processing of the processing object decreases. There is a problem that. However, according to the embodiment of the present invention, this problem can be solved.

  By further supplying a gas containing oxygen from the second lance 8c, the side wall portion 17a side is set to a higher temperature than the central portion 9 at the height position of the reforming furnace portion 3 provided with the lance 8c. . In this way, the lance 8c in the vicinity of the upper portion of the enlarged diameter portion 10 supplies the gas containing oxygen from the side wall portion 17a of the reforming furnace portion 3, and raises the temperature on the side wall portion 17a side as compared with the central portion 9. Thus, the unburned residue contained in the mixed gas flowing upward along the side wall surface 5 is brought into a molten state, the viscosity of the melt adhering to the side wall portion 17a of the reforming furnace portion 3 is lowered, and the melt flows down by its own weight. Therefore, the renewability of the wetted wall surface of the side wall can be improved, and the melt can be efficiently attached to the side wall surface 5. Further, since the mixed gas can be retained at a position near the upper portion of the expanded diameter portion 10 by the vortex e in the expanded diameter portion 10, the unburned residue contained in the retained mixed gas is removed from the expanded diameter portion 10 and the side wall surface in the vicinity thereof. 5 can be efficiently attached as a melt.

The oxygen is supplied into the reforming furnace section 3 by the first lance 8a and the second lance 8c. The supply amount from the first lance 8a is within the total oxygen supplied to the reforming furnace section 3. It is preferable to set it to 40% or more and 80% or less, and the remainder to be supplied from the second lance 8c. If it is less than 40%, the combustion gas from the upper part is insufficient, and it becomes difficult to form a downward flow that suppresses the rise of the unburned residue, and if it exceeds 80%, it is difficult to obtain a high temperature at the side part. Therefore, it may be difficult to stably flow down the burning residue as a melt.
In particular, the supply amount from the first lance 8a is preferably 60% of the whole, and the supply amount from the second lance 8c is preferably 40% of the whole. As described above, the mixed gas flowing upward from the melting furnace section 2 is given a downward flow, which is the opposite direction, by the oxygen ejected from the first lance 8a, thereby rising from the melting furnace section 2. It is possible to turn the flow of the mixed gas into a flow in the direction of the side wall surface 5, and in the reforming furnace unit 3, a large recirculation flow is generated in which the central part 9 is a downward flow and the side wall part 19 is an upward flow. Can do.

  And this high temperature reactor 1 can drop and transfer the molten material adhering to the side wall surface 5 to the melting furnace part 2. Specifically, the reforming furnace unit 3 has the constricted part 11, and the constricted part 11 has a structure (constricted part 11) in which the cross-sectional area (diameter d) is the smallest in the part below the constricted part 11. This is possible because D> d) where D is the diameter of the following part. That is, the melt adhering to the side wall surface 5 flows downward along the side wall surface 5 by its own weight, reaches the constricted portion 11 through the enlarged diameter portion 10, and from the lower end portion of the side wall surface 15 of the constricted portion 11. It is dripped into the melting furnace part 2. At this time, the melt is dropped to the melting furnace part 2 without being along the side wall surface 25 which is located below the constricted part 11 and has a larger diameter. In this way, the melt adhering to the side wall surface 5 can be dropped from the constricted part 11 to the melting furnace part 2, and the melt adheres to the inlet 12 located below the constricted part 11, thereby It is possible to prevent clogging and quickly collect the melt in the melting furnace section 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the melt adhering to the side wall surface 5 hangs down from the lower end of the side wall surface 15 of the constricted portion 11, and drops from the lower end of the sagging portion.

  Further, the constricted portion 11 makes the high-temperature reactor 1 have a drum shape. The melting furnace part 2 and the reforming furnace part 3 are substantially cylindrical. And the level | step difference of the side wall surface 15 (inner peripheral surface) of the constriction part 11 and the side wall surface 25 of the melting furnace part 2 can be set to 100 mm or more and 300 mm or less, and it is preferable that a level | step difference shall be 200 mm.

  Thus, by making the high temperature reaction furnace 1 (reforming furnace part 3) into a drum shape having the constricted part 11, the flow path of the unburned residue thrown out from the melting furnace part 2 by drifting such as channeling is constricted. It can be limited (narrowed) by the opening of the portion 11. In other words, the flow path of the unburned residue is limited to the central portion in the reforming furnace section 3, and the downward flow of the high-temperature combustion gas from above by the first lance 8a is efficiently performed with respect to the unburned residue. It is possible to apply it, suppress the rise of the unburned residue as it is, and flow the gas containing the unburned residue along the side wall surface 5.

  In the pretreatment facility 32 shown in FIG. 1, the pretreatment facility 32 in FIG. 1 performs the pretreatment facility 32 in FIG. It is put into the furnace 1. In FIG. 2, the inorganic component contained in the workpiece is melted in the melting furnace section 2 and recovered in the lower part of the furnace, and the gas generated in the melting furnace section 2 is reformed in the reforming furnace section 3. Then, the reformed reformed gas is sent to the next gas purification step through the connecting pipe 4 and used for power generation. In this processing method, oxygen is blown out toward the lower central portion 9 by the lance 8a provided on the ceiling of the reforming furnace section 3, so that the mixed gas rising from the melting furnace section 2 is converted into the reforming furnace. It is led to the side wall surface 5 side of the section 3 and flows upward along the side wall surface 5, and the unburned residue contained in the mixed gas is adhered as a melt to the side wall surface 5, and the melt is fed from the side wall surface 5 to the melting furnace section. Done by dropping to 2.

  In the conventional processing apparatus, as shown in FIG. 7, most of the mixed gas and the reformed gas pass through the central portion of the reforming furnace section 42, and the upper connecting pipe 44 contains unburned residue. Had reached. However, according to the processing object processing apparatus and the processing method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, most of the mixed gas and the reformed gas are in the vicinity of the side wall surface 5 of the reforming furnace section 3. It is possible to efficiently capture the burning residue contained in the gas by the side wall surface 5. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the unburned residue contained in the mixed gas from reaching the connecting pipe 4 and prevent the unburned residue from adhering to the connecting pipe 4 and closing the connecting pipe 4.

  Furthermore, in this processing apparatus, the temperature of the reformed gas flowing through the connecting pipe 4 is maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the unburned residue (inorganic component). This can be achieved by providing a lance 8 a on the upper wall portion 7 of the reforming furnace portion 3. That is, by supplying oxygen from the lance 8 a on the upper wall portion 7, the upper portion of the reforming furnace portion 3 is heated to a higher temperature and has risen along the side wall surface 5 to the upper portion of the reforming furnace portion 3. This is because the reformed gas can be heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the burning residue. As a result, the reformed gas can flow from the upper part of the reforming furnace section 3 through the connection pipe 4 while maintaining a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the unburned residue. For example, the temperature of the reformed gas in the upper part of the reforming furnace section 3 can be set to 1200 ° C. or higher, and even if unburned residue is still included in the reformed gas flowing through the connecting pipe 4, the unburned residue remains depending on the temperature of this gas. It can prevent sticking to the connecting pipe 4.

  Further, a jet flame generated by the ejection of oxygen from the lance 8a and a jet flame generated by the ejection of oxygen from the lance 8c are directly blown onto the upper wall portion 7, the side wall portion 17a, and the constricted portion 11 of the reforming furnace section 3. In order not to occur, the amount of oxygen ejected from the lance 8a and the lance 8c, the ejection speed, and the ejection direction are set. Thereby, the thermal damage of the refractory provided as the lining member (heat insulation refractory material) of the reforming furnace part 3 can be prevented.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view for explaining a part of the processing apparatus of the present invention, and is a modification of the constricted portion 11 of FIG. 2 has a configuration in which a part of the side wall portion 17a of the reforming furnace unit 3 is bent, but the constricted part 11 in FIG. 3 has a straight side wall in the vertical direction of the reforming furnace unit 3. The refractory 26 is provided thicker than the others in a part of the portion 17a, and the thick refractory 26 is projected toward the center. Thereby, the inner surface of the reforming furnace section 3 has a stepped shape. The refractory 26 is continuously provided in an annular shape, and the cross-sectional area of the portion where the refractory 26 is provided is smaller than the upper portion and the lower portion thereof. Thereby, the melt adhering to the side wall surface 5 flows downward along the inner peripheral surface 26a of the refractory 26 from the side wall surface 5 by its own weight, and from the lower end portion of the inner peripheral surface 26a, the melt is Then, it does not follow the side wall surface 25 located below the constricted part 11 but drops to the lower melting furnace part outside the figure.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view for explaining still another modified example of the constricted portion 11. The constricted portion 11 is composed of a fixed object 28 fixed to the side wall surface 5. That is, a cooling means 27 is provided on the side wall portion 17a of the reforming furnace section 3, and this cooling means 27 cools a part of the side wall portion 17a and solidifies a part of the melt flowing down the side wall surface 5 at that portion. And fixed to the side wall surface 5. As described above, the cooling means 27 forms a circumferential fixed object 28 on a part of the side wall surface 5, and the molten material in a molten state flows along the inner peripheral surface 28 a of the fixed object 28. Thereby, the melt adhered to the side wall surface 5 flows downward from the side wall surface 5 along the inner peripheral surface 28a of the fixed object 28 by its own weight, and from the lower part of the inner peripheral surface 28a of the fixed object 28, The molten material does not follow the side wall surface 25 located below the fixed material 28 but drops to the lower melting furnace portion outside the figure.

  And in each embodiment, in FIG. 2, the molten material dripped from the constriction part 11 falls into the melting furnace part 3, and it passes through the homogenization furnace 21 and the slag metal with the molten material melted in the melting furnace part 3. It is transferred to the facility 36. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the reformed gas reformed in the reforming furnace section 3 is sent to the gas purification equipment 34 through the upper connecting pipe 4 and purified into fuel gas, and the power generation equipment 35 Used for

  FIG. 5 is a view showing the processing amount of the object to be processed and the connection at the top of the reforming furnace section 3 when the object to be processed is processed by the processing apparatus of the present invention, that is, the processing apparatus (example) shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the differential pressure | voltage of the pipe | tube 4. FIG. FIG. 6 shows a case where an object to be processed is processed by a conventional processing apparatus (conventional example). In these processing apparatuses, construction wastes are combustible materials. And the temperature in the connection pipe 4 (44) is maintained at 1200 degreeC by supply of the oxygen from the lances 8a and 8c (43). In order to grasp the clogging state of the connecting pipe 4 (44) due to the burning residue, a differential pressure gauge for measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the connecting pipe 4 (44) was provided.

In the embodiment, the melting furnace part 2 has a diameter of 2000 mm, the reforming furnace part 3 has a diameter of 2800 mm, and the constricted part 11 has a diameter of 1600 mm. Three first lances 8a are provided at equal intervals on the upper wall portion 7 of the reforming furnace section 3, and the second lance 8c is configured in two upper and lower stages, and four are arranged at equal intervals in each stage. There are eight in total. The second lance 8c is directed in the radial direction. 60% of the total oxygen supplied to the reforming furnace section 3 was supplied from the first lance 8a, and the remaining 40% was supplied from the second lance 8c.
In the conventional example, the upper wall portion 7 of the reforming furnace portion 3 does not have the first lance 8a as in the embodiment, and corresponds to the second lance 8c (hereinafter referred to as a conventional lance). The oxygen supplied to the reforming furnace section 3 is installed in such a manner that the four conventional lances are installed at the same position as the lower stage of the embodiment so that the direction of oxygen ejection is inclined in the radial direction. All of this is supplied from this conventional lance.

Under these conditions, each of the processing apparatuses was operated for a predetermined period, and the differential pressure in the connecting pipe and the processing amount (ton / day) of the object to be processed were measured.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the embodiment, the differential pressure of the connecting pipe 4 indicating the clogging state of the connecting pipe 4 is 0.001 kPa or less over the entire period, and the clogging of the connecting pipe 4 due to the burning residue is almost not seen. I couldn't. Furthermore, it turns out that the process of the to-be-processed object of about 100 tons / day is performed smoothly. That is, according to the embodiment, the gas rising from the melting furnace section 2 is guided to the side wall surface 5 side of the reforming furnace section 3 and flows upward along the side wall surface 5, and the unburned residue contained in the gas is discharged. Since it can be made to adhere to the side wall surface 5 as a melt and this melt can be dropped from the side wall surface 5 to the melting furnace section 2, the unburned residue contained in the gas generated from the object to be processed is reduced in the reforming furnace section 3. It can prevent adhering to the upper connecting pipe 4 and can prevent the connecting pipe 4 from being blocked. As a result, the smooth operation can be continued without stopping in the processing apparatus, and the processing amount of the object to be processed can be prevented from decreasing for a long period of time.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, in the conventional example, since the unburned residue was clogged in the connection pipe 44 on the sixth day of operation, the differential pressure of the connection pipe 44 became 1 kPa or more, and the input of the workpiece was stopped. Then, the work for releasing clogging of burning residue was performed and the operation was started again, but the differential pressure of the connecting pipe 44 increased again, the differential pressure became 6 kPa or more on the 14th day of operation, and the operation was stopped. Open inspection of the connecting pipe 44 was performed. As a result of this inspection, it was confirmed that burning residue (melt) was clogged for 70% or more of the cross section of the connecting pipe 44. That is, in the conventional example, since the first lance 8 a as in the embodiment is not provided, the unburned residue contained in the gas directly reaches the connection pipe 44 and clogs the connection pipe 44. As described above, in the conventional example, since it is necessary to frequently stop the operation, the total processing amount of the object to be processed is greatly reduced as compared with the example.

  In addition, the processing apparatus and the processing method of the object to be processed according to the present invention are not limited to the illustrated form, and may be other forms within the scope of the present invention. For example, the number and arrangement of lances are changed. It is free. Moreover, the gas blown into the high temperature reactor 1 may contain components other than oxygen.

1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a processing apparatus of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the high temperature reactor. It is explanatory drawing which shows the some modification of a high temperature reactor. It is explanatory drawing which shows another modification of a part of high temperature reactor. It is a graph which shows the processing amount of the to-be-processed object by the processing apparatus of this invention, and the differential pressure | voltage of a connecting pipe. It is a graph which shows the processing amount of the to-be-processed object by the processing apparatus of a prior art example, and the differential pressure | voltage of a connecting pipe. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional high temperature reactor. It is sectional drawing of the conventional high temperature reactor.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High temperature reactor 2 Melting furnace part 3 Reforming furnace part 4 Connection pipe 5 Side wall surface 6 Supply means (1st supply means)
7 Upper wall part 8a Nozzle (lance)
8b Nozzle (lance)
8c Lance (second supply means)
9 Central part 10 Expanded diameter part 11 Constriction part 17a Side wall part

Claims (17)

Gasification and melting of organic components and inorganic components contained in the workpiece in the melting furnace section in the lower part of the furnace, and reforming of the gas generated and raised in the melting furnace part is performed in the reforming furnace part in the upper part of the furnace The processed gas is sent to the next step through a connecting pipe provided in the upper part of the reforming furnace part, and the inorganic component is melted and recovered in the lower part of the furnace. ,
By supplying a gas containing oxygen to the reforming furnace section, the gas rising from the melting furnace section is guided to the side wall surface side of the reforming furnace section, and flows upward along the side wall surface, A treatment method of an object to be treated, characterized in that a burning residue contained in the gas is adhered to the side wall surface as a melt.   The processing method of the to-be-processed object of Claim 1 which drops the said molten material adhering to the said side wall surface to the said melting furnace part from the said side wall surface.   The gas is jetted downward from the upper wall portion of the reforming furnace portion to the central portion in the lateral direction of the reforming furnace portion, and in the reforming furnace portion, the downward flow of the combustion gas by the gas in the central portion The processing method of the to-be-processed object of Claim 1 or 2 which produces the upward flow containing the said gas on the side wall part side of the circumference | surroundings. The gas is ejected from a plurality of locations on the upper wall,
The processing method of the to-be-processed object of Claim 3 with which the extended imaginary line of the ejection direction of the gas ejected from one location approaches the extended imaginary line of the ejection direction of the gas ejected from another location. A constriction is formed at a lower position of the reforming furnace,
The extended virtual lines in the ejection direction are close to each other in a region on a straight line connecting a central portion in the horizontal direction in the constriction portion of the reforming furnace portion and a central portion in the inlet portion of the connection pipe. The processing method of the to-be-processed object of description.   The processing method of the to-be-processed object as described in any one of Claims 1-5 which hold | maintains the temperature of the gas which flows through the said connecting pipe more than melting | fusing point of the said unburned residue.   The processing method of the to-be-processed object as described in any one of Claims 1-6 which supplies further the gas containing oxygen from the side wall part of the said reforming furnace part, and heats the said side wall part side.   The processing method of the to-be-processed object as described in any one of Claims 1-7 which injects a fuel toward the downward direction from the upper wall part of the said reforming furnace part to the center part of the horizontal direction of the said reforming furnace part.   The processing method of the to-be-processed object as described in any one of Claims 1-8 to which the molten material adhering to the said side wall surface is dripped at the said melting furnace part. A lower melting furnace part for gasifying and melting organic and inorganic components contained in the object to be treated, and an upper reforming furnace part for reforming the gas generated and raised in the melting furnace part; A high-temperature reactor equipped,
A processing apparatus for an object to be processed, comprising a connecting pipe that is provided at an upper portion of the reforming furnace section and sends a reformed gas to the next process,
The reforming furnace part contains oxygen so that the gas containing the unburned residue rising from the melting furnace part is led to the side wall surface side of the reforming furnace part and flows upward along the side wall surface. An apparatus for processing an object, comprising supply means for supplying a gas.   The said supply means is provided in the upper wall part of the said reforming furnace part, and has the nozzle which ejects the said gas toward the downward direction center part of the said reforming furnace part. Processing equipment for the object to be processed.   The said supply means is provided in the upper wall part of the said reforming furnace part, and has a nozzle which ejects a fuel toward the downward direction to the center part of the horizontal direction of the said reforming furnace part. Processing equipment for workpieces. The supply means has a plurality of the nozzles,
The processing object processing apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein an extended virtual line in the ejection direction of each nozzle is set so as to approach an extended virtual line in the ejection direction of another nozzle. The reforming furnace portion has a constricted portion at a lower position,
The extended virtual lines in the ejection direction of the nozzles are close to each other in a region on a straight line that connects the central portion in the lateral direction of the constriction portion of the reforming furnace portion and the central portion of the inlet portion of the connection pipe. The processing apparatus of the to-be-processed object of Claim 13 set to these.   The processing apparatus of the to-be-processed object as described in any one of Claims 10-14 in which the said reforming furnace part has a diameter-expanded part which is diameter-expanded toward upper direction.   The said reforming furnace part is a processing apparatus of the to-be-processed object as described in any one of Claims 10-15 which has a constriction part with the smallest cross-sectional area in the part below it.   The to-be-processed object as described in any one of Claims 10-16 provided with the 2nd supply means provided in the side wall part of the said reforming furnace part, and supplying gas in order to heat the said side wall part side. Processing equipment.

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