KR20130035005A - Gasifier synthesis gas cooling system - Google Patents

Gasifier synthesis gas cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20130035005A
KR20130035005A KR1020110099204A KR20110099204A KR20130035005A KR 20130035005 A KR20130035005 A KR 20130035005A KR 1020110099204 A KR1020110099204 A KR 1020110099204A KR 20110099204 A KR20110099204 A KR 20110099204A KR 20130035005 A KR20130035005 A KR 20130035005A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
gas
syngas
mixing tank
cooling
synthesis gas
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Application number
KR1020110099204A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
주지선
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한국전력공사
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Priority to KR1020110099204A priority Critical patent/KR20130035005A/en
Publication of KR20130035005A publication Critical patent/KR20130035005A/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

There is provided a syngas cooler in combination with a gasifier. Syngas cooling device coupled to the gasifier, the synthesis gas inlet, the synthesis gas inlet, the synthesis gas inlet is connected, the synthesis gas mixing tank having a cooling gas mixing space therein, is connected to the outer surface of the synthesis gas mixing tank A first gas pipe for supplying a first gas to form an air flow along an inner circumferential surface of the syngas mixing tank, a second gas pipe connected to an outer surface of the syngas mixing tank, and spaced apart from an inner side of the syngas mixing tank And a porous member to form a separation space and allow the second gas introduced into the separation space from the second gas pipe to pass through and flow into the synthesis gas mixing tank.

Description

Gasifier Synthesis Gas Cooling System

The present invention relates to a syngas cooler for cooling syngas produced in a coal gasifier.

A gasifier is a device which partially oxidizes a solid or a liquid fuel while heating, and converts it into a gas having a calorific value. The gasifier gasifies coal, heavy oil, waste, etc. in a high temperature reducing atmosphere. At this time, the flammables are gasified and CO, H 2 , CH 4 , CO 2 , H 2 O, N 2 And a small amount of hydrocarbons and the like as syngas, and the incombustibles are melted and generated as molten slag.

Syngas from the gasifier is generated at a high temperature of 1400 ~ 1500 ℃, it can be used as a raw material for power generation fuel, chemical products through cooling and refining process. In addition, the molten slag of 1400 ~ 1600 ℃ coming out of the gasifier can be rapidly cooled to be utilized as aggregates such as the base material of the road.

In particular, these gasifiers are a key device for supplying raw material synthesis gas for power generation in IGCC (coal gasification combined cycle power generation), and researches on developing devices for improving efficiency and stable operation of gasifiers are being actively conducted.

On the other hand, the gasifier may be classified into a bottom-up and top-down gasifier according to the generation position of the synthesis gas. In addition, coal, which is a gasification target material, is composed of a combustible material and a non-combustible ash. In the gasifier, the combustible component is converted into a synthesis gas composed mainly of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by a reducing atmosphere, and the ash, which is a non-flammable ash, is melted at a high temperature of 1400 to 1600 ° C and flows down the gasifier. In this case, some molten ash component may be included in the rising syngas to move the gasification upward. The molten ash component transferred to the upper part of the gasifier may be attached to the heat pipe or pipe of the heat exchanger located in the rear part of the gasifier, which may reduce the heat exchange efficiency of the gasifier or block the gasifier pipe, thereby preventing the gasifier from operating. Causes

Therefore, it is necessary to cool the non-combustible ash mixed with such syngas and moving to the upper portion of the gasifier instantaneously to prevent problems due to ash adhesion.

In this regard, Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-0054551 discloses a "tar removal apparatus of coal gas". The invention of Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-0054551 relates to a device for removing solids such as tar or naphthalene in volatiles generated by coal pyrolysis when analyzing the composition of coal gas generated from coal gasification.

Korean Laid-Open Patent No. 2001-0054551, "Tar removal apparatus of coal gas"

In order to solve the above problems of the prior art, the present invention is provided between the gasifier and the heat exchanger, to provide a gasifier syngas cooling device for lowering the temperature of the synthesis gas generated in the gasifier below the melting temperature of the ash. .

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood from the following description.

In order to achieve the above object, the syngas cooling device coupled to the gasifier according to an aspect of the present invention, the synthesis gas inlet, the synthesis gas inlet, the synthesis gas inlet is connected, the cooling gas mixing space formed therein A first gas pipe connected to an outer surface of the gas mixing tank and the syngas mixing tank, and configured to supply a first gas to form an air flow along an inner circumferential surface of the syngas mixing tank, and a second gas pipe connected to an outer surface of the syngas mixing tank And a porous member disposed to be spaced apart from an inner surface of the gas pipe and the synthesis gas mixing tank to form a separation space, and allowing the second gas introduced into the separation space from the second gas pipe to pass through the synthesis gas mixing tank.

Here, the first gas pipe may be connected to be biased toward one side of the outer surface of the synthesis gas mixing tank.

Here, the first gas pipe may supply the first gas to the inner side of the synthesis gas mixing tank to form a spiral air stream in the cooling gas mixing space.

Here, the porous member may include a plurality of pores through which the second gas can pass.

In addition, the syngas cooling method using a syngas cooling device coupled to the gasifier according to another aspect of the present invention, by supplying a first gas through a first gas pipe connected to the outer surface of the syngas mixing tank, Forming an air flow along an inner circumferential surface, injecting syngas into a cooling gas mixing space formed inside the syngas mixing tank and mixing the first gas with a second gas pipe connected to an outer surface of the syngas mixing tank; And supplying a second gas through the gas and flowing the supplied second gas into the cooling gas mixing space through the porous member to cool the syngas.

Here, the first gas may be supplied through the first gas pipe which is biased to one side of the outer surface of the synthesis gas mixing tank.

Here, the forming of the air flow may include forming a spiral air stream in which the first gas supplied from the first gas pipe rotates along an inner surface of the syngas mixing tank.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It is provided to fully inform the owner of the scope of the invention.

According to one of the problem solving means of the gasifier syngas cooling apparatus of the present invention described above, by using a short time and a narrow space to effectively cool the syngas generated in the gasifier below the desired temperature, the post-stage process according to the ashing Problems can be avoided.

1 is a view showing a syngas cooling device combined with a gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a detailed configuration of the syngas cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention may be variously modified and have various embodiments, and specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the specification.

In addition, when a part is said to "include" a certain component, it means that it can further include other components, without excluding other components unless otherwise stated.

Synthesis gas cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention to solve the above problems is coupled to the synthesis gas outlet of the gasifier, the high temperature synthesis gas generated in the gasifier to a desired temperature in a short time using the cooling gas Cooled. In addition, it effectively prevents the adhesion of the ash which is mixed into the synthesis gas.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a specific content of the syngas cooling device for the implementation of the present invention.

1 is a view showing a syngas cooling device combined with a gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the syngas cooling apparatus 100 is coupled to the gasifier 10 to introduce a high temperature syngas generated from the gasifier 10 to mix cooling gases to cool to a desired temperature.

The gasifier 10 generally uses coal and the like, and combustible components such as coal introduced into the gasifier 10 are converted into a high temperature synthesis gas mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by a reducing atmosphere. To this end, the gasifier burner 11 provided in the gasifier 10 is used.

On the other hand, the ash, which is a non-combustible component, is melted at a high temperature of 1400-1600 ° C. and changed into a molten slack in the gasifier 10, and the molten slack is transferred to the outside through the gasifier outlet pipe formed at the bottom of the gasifier 10. Discharged.

At this time, a part of the molten ash is included in the flow of the syngas to rise to exit the upper gasifier. A portion of the molten ash mixed in the syngas is introduced into the syngas cooler 100 coupled to the upper portion of the gasifier 10 through the syngas inlet 110 together with the syngas having a high temperature of 1400 to 1600 ° C. .

Syngas cooling device 100 may be coupled to the upper portion of the gasifier 10, respectively through the synthesis gas inlet 110, the first cooling gas inlet pipe 120 and the second cooling gas inlet pipe 130 Syngas generated from the gasifier 10, the first cooling gas and the second cooling gas are introduced into the interior. The synthesis gas introduced into the cooling apparatus is mixed with the first cooling gas and the second cooling gas, cooled to a desired temperature, and then discharged to the outside of the syngas cooling apparatus 100. At this time, the cooled syngas discharged from the syngas cooling apparatus 100 may be sent to a heat exchanger (not shown).

Hereinafter, the detailed configuration of the syngas cooling apparatus 100 and the cooling process of the syngas will be described.

Figure 2 is a detailed configuration of the syngas cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the syngas cooling apparatus 100 includes a syngas inlet 110, a first cooling gas inlet pipe 120, a second cooling gas inlet pipe 130, and a cooling gas mixing tank 140. , The separation space 145 and the porous medium portion 150.

The syngas inlet 110 is coupled to a syngas outlet (not shown) of the gasifier 10 to introduce a high temperature syngas generated from the gasifier 10. In the case of the bottom-up gasifier, since the syngas is discharged to the upper portion of the gasifier, the syngas inlet 110 may be coupled to the upper portion of the gasifier 10. Syngas synthesis inlet 110 is coupled to the lower portion of the syngas cooling device 100, the lower portion of the syngas cooling device 100 coupled to the synthesis gas inlet 110, the first for introducing the first cooling gas from the side 1 cooling gas inlet pipe 120 is formed. In this case, one or more first cooling gas inlet pipes 120 may be formed. In the present embodiment, two first cooling gas inlet pipes 120 may be 180 degrees below the side surface of the syngas cooling device 100. It is formed symmetrically at intervals.

At least one second cooling gas inlet pipe 130 for introducing a second cooling gas is formed on an outer surface of the synthesis gas mixing tank 140 corresponding to the trunk portion of the synthesis gas cooling device 100. The second cooling gas introduced through the second cooling gas inlet pipe 130 is diffused into the separation space 145 which is a space between the inner surface of the synthesis gas mixing tank 140 and the outer surface of the porous medium portion 150. After passing through the porous medium unit 150, it may be introduced into the second cooling gas mixing space 162 which will be described later.

The second cooling gas introduced through the second cooling gas inflow pipe 130 is accumulated at a predetermined concentration or more in the separation space 145. In this case, the separation space 145 may be formed in a cylindrical shape for the diffusion of the second cooling gas. For example, in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2, the syngas cooling device 100 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the porous medium portion 150 formed in the syngas cooling device 100 is similarly formed in a cylindrical shape. Therefore, the second cooling gas introduced through the second cooling gas inlet pipe 130 may be evenly spread in the space 145. Of course, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is apparent that the same or similar effects may be generated through other forms than cylindrical forms.

The porous medium portion 150 is made of a material having a porous property, the porous medium portion 150 is formed with pores of a size through which the second cooling gas can pass. The porous medium portion 150 has a cylindrical shape, and a cooling gas mixing space 160, which is a region where the cooling gas and the synthesis gas are mixed, is formed in the porous medium portion 150. The second cooling gas spread in the separation space 145 is introduced into the second cooling gas mixing space 162 through the porous medium unit 150 and mixed with the synthesis gas in the second cooling gas mixing space 162. . Through this mixing process, the synthesis gas introduced at a high temperature is cooled.

In the cooling gas mixing space 160 formed in the porous medium unit 150, the high temperature synthesis gas introduced through the synthesis gas inlet 110 and the first gas introduced through the first cooling gas inlet tube 120 are provided. The cooling gas and the second cooling gas introduced through the second cooling gas inlet pipe 130 are mixed.

The cooling gas mixing space 160 may be divided into a first cooling gas mixing space 161 in the lower portion and a second cooling gas mixing space 162 in the upper portion. In the first cooling gas mixing space 161, the synthesis gas inlet 110 is connected to the lower side thereof to allow the synthesis gas to be introduced therefrom. In addition, the first cooling gas inlet pipe is connected to one side from the center to one side, the first cooling gas mixing space 161 by injecting the first cooling gas to the inner side of the first cooling gas mixing space 161. It is possible to form a spiral airflow in the chamber. Through this, the introduced synthesis gas may be mixed with the spiral air stream formed by the first cooling gas and introduced into the second cooling gas mixing space 162 in a spiral shape.

In the second cooling gas mixing space 162, the second cooling gas introduced through the porous medium portion 150 is mixed with the syngas rising in a spiral form by mixing with the first cooling gas, thereby syngas Will lower the temperature. At this time, the synthesis gas is rotated along the inner surface of the second cooling gas mixing space 162 in a spiral form so as to be mixed with the second cooling gas exiting from the inner surface of the second cooling gas mixing space 162. In addition, the time that the synthesis gas stays in the second cooling gas mixing space 162 also increases, thereby increasing the cooling effect.

Meanwhile, the ash cooled according to the inflow of the second cooling gas may be locally attached at a portion where the synthesis gas inlet 110 and the porous medium 150 meet. The first cooling gas generates a spiral airflow and rises along the inner surface of the porous medium portion 150, and forms a fluid curtain on the inner surface of the porous medium portion 150 to prevent adhesion of ash contained in the syngas. Will be prevented.

Through the syngas cooling device having such a configuration, the syngas generated from the gasifier and the molten ash generated by the gasifier can be cooled below a desired temperature by using a short time and a small area. It is possible to prevent many problems caused by.

The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments.

The protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

In the syngas cooler coupled to the gasifier,
Syngas inlet through which syngas flows,
A synthesis gas mixing tank connected to the synthesis gas inlet and having a cooling gas mixing space formed therein;
A first gas pipe connected to an outer surface of the syngas mixing tank and supplying a first gas to form an air flow along an inner circumferential surface of the syngas mixing tank;
A second gas pipe connected to an outer surface of the synthesis gas mixing tank;
A porous member disposed to be spaced apart from an inner surface of the synthesis gas mixing tank to form a separation space, and a second gas introduced into the separation space from the second gas pipe to pass through the synthesis gas mixing tank
Including, syngas cooling device.
The method of claim 1,
The first gas pipe is connected to one side of the outer side of the synthesis gas mixing tank biased, syngas cooling device.
The method of claim 1,
And the first gas pipe supplies the first gas to an inner side of the synthesis gas mixing tank to form a spiral air stream in the cooling gas mixing space.
The method of claim 1,
The porous member is a syngas cooling device comprising a plurality of pores through which the second gas can pass.
In the syngas cooling method using the syngas cooler combined with the gasifier,
Supplying a first gas through a first gas pipe connected to an outer surface of a syngas mixing tank to form an air flow along an inner circumferential surface of the syngas mixing tank,
Injecting the synthesis gas into the cooling gas mixing space formed in the synthesis gas mixing tank and mixing with the first gas,
Supplying a second gas through a second gas pipe connected to an outer surface of the synthesis gas mixing tank;
The supplied second gas is introduced into the cooling gas mixing space through the porous member to cool the synthesis gas
Comprising, syngas cooling method.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The first gas is supplied through the first gas pipe is connected to the one side of the outer surface of the syngas mixing tank biased, syngas cooling method.
The method of claim 5, wherein
Forming the air flow,
And forming a spiral air stream in which the first gas supplied from the first gas pipe rotates along an inner surface of the syngas mixing tank.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The porous member comprises a plurality of pores through which the second gas can pass, syngas cooling method.
KR1020110099204A 2011-09-29 2011-09-29 Gasifier synthesis gas cooling system KR20130035005A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20150034008A (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-04-02 한국전력공사 Gasification apparatus
CN105369230A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-03-02 华南师范大学 Low-carbon aluminum product oxidation heating system with biomass gasifier
USD834569S1 (en) 2017-08-08 2018-11-27 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Router
KR20200138624A (en) 2019-06-02 2020-12-10 비에이치아이 주식회사 Partial temperrature control type gasfier

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20150034008A (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-04-02 한국전력공사 Gasification apparatus
CN105369230A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-03-02 华南师范大学 Low-carbon aluminum product oxidation heating system with biomass gasifier
USD834569S1 (en) 2017-08-08 2018-11-27 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Router
KR20200138624A (en) 2019-06-02 2020-12-10 비에이치아이 주식회사 Partial temperrature control type gasfier

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