JP2008163664A - Water retaining pavement structure and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water retaining pavement structure mainly utilizing rainwater for keeping a water retaining function stable for a long period, and being good in constructing efficiency, easy to maintain, and superior in profitability while utilizing the merits of block pavement, and to provide its construction method. <P>SOLUTION: The basic structure consists of a subgrade 1, a roadbed 2, an adjusting layer 4, a block paving material 5, and a joint 6 in sequence from the lower side, similarly to conventional block pavement. Preferably, the roadbed 2 uses single grain size crushed stones 2a, a water retaining grout material 3 is filled in spaces between the single grain size crushed stones 2a, and its water absorbing and retaining performance is utilized to give a water retaining function to the roadbed 2. The water retaining grout material 3 can be filled in the roadbed 2 in a wet or dry manner. The water retaining grout material is mixed and filled in the adjusting layer 4 and the joint 6, thus further improving the water retaining and suction function and suppressing the temperature rise of a road surface with moisture evaporating from the road surface. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a water-retaining pavement structure in which the roadbed portion of the block pavement has water retention and its construction, and uses the heat of vaporization of the retained water to reduce the road surface temperature, thereby causing heat island phenomenon and global warming. It suppresses the deterioration of the environment due to the conversion.

  As paving to improve the heat island phenomenon, establishment of water-retaining pavement and thermal barrier pavement technologies that can be expected to reduce road surface temperature is desired.

  Among these, water-retaining pavement is to reduce the road surface temperature by the heat of vaporization (latent heat) generated when water stored in the pavement evaporates. In addition, groundwater, stored rainwater, etc. There is a water-absorbing type water-retaining pavement that improves the water-retaining function of the water-retaining pavement by continuously absorbing water.

  Non-Patent Document 1 describes structures and principles as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 as typical examples of such water-retaining pavements.

  The water-retaining pavement in Fig. 2 has an underground water storage tank on the road floor, and the water-retaining pavement constituting the road surface is kept moist by the water-retaining material in the water-retaining pavement formed in the impermeable layer. It is intended to reduce the road surface temperature.

  This water-retaining pavement has a gap between roadbed aggregates such as open-graded asphalt, and is expected to have a water-retaining ability of a water-retaining material that fills the gap. For example, as shown in the figure, it was derived from a side groove or the like Rain water or supply water is supplied to the water retention material in the water retention pavement through a water absorption sheet such as a nonwoven fabric or a water absorption material such as a sand cushion layer.

  The water-retaining pavement of FIG. 3 lays a water-retaining block on the road surface and uses the water-retaining function of the water-retaining block itself. In the example in the figure, a water absorbing material similar to that in the case of FIG. 2 is interposed between the road bed on which the water retention block is laid, and the water in the road bed is easily supplied to the water retention block.

  The water-retaining pavement of FIG. 4 is intended to actively supply water from the outside with a pump or the like instead of providing an underground water storage tank on the road floor as shown in FIG.

  In addition to this, in Patent Document 1, as a paved road surface construction method having water permeability and / or water retention, instead of a conventional sand cushion layer or in addition to a sand cushion layer under a water permeable block constituting the road surface, What formed the single-grain crushed stone layer by the No. 7 single-grain crushed stone prescribed | regulated by JIS specification is described.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a tray-like water retention tank having an upper surface opened on the lower surface of the water permeable block is integrated, and the road surface temperature is increased by evaporating from the surface of the water permeable block with a nonwoven fabric suspended from the water permeable block. What has been reduced is described.

  Patent Document 3 is by the present applicant, and as a water-retaining pavement structure, an aggregate layer is provided as a water-retaining part that secures a necessary gap by adjusting the particle size at the upper part of the roadbed, and the gap is filled with a water-retaining material. In other words, a material in which a block pavement material such as a water-retaining block is laid thereon via a water absorbing material is described.

  Further, in Patent Document 4, as a method of forming a pavement having a noise reduction function and a water retention function, a grout such as a water retention grout is formed in the gap of the open particle size mixture layer of asphalt to the surface side of the open particle size mixture layer. A pavement construction method is described in which a desired void is formed on the surface side by injecting a material and then sucking the injected grout.

  Examples of water-retaining grout materials include silt-based powders, cement-based solidifying materials, water, and silt-based fillers that contain a water reducing agent or a setting retarder as an additive. It is stated that it has sex.

  Patent Document 5 describes, like Patent Document 4, that a water retention grout material is injected into the voids of the open particle size mixture layer in asphalt pavement. In Patent Document 5, a grout material having physical properties such as water absorption, water retention and unnecessary moisture permeability including a holmite clay mineral such as sepiolite is described as a water retention grout material, and forms a surface layer such as a road. It is stated that the increase in the surface temperature under exposure to direct sunlight in summer can be effectively suppressed by filling the continuous voids of the porous cured body made of an open-graded asphalt mixture.

Japanese Patent No. 3209717 Japanese Patent No. 2885085 JP 2006-283447 A JP 2006-283498 A JP 2006-298688 A “Detailed example of water-absorbing pavement” [online], Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Kanto Regional Development Bureau, Kanto Technical Office, [Search March 2, 2005], Internet <URL: http: //www.ktr .mlit.go.jp / kangi / hosou / detail01.html>

  The above-described method shown in FIG. 2 is aimed at a continuous effect by the amount of water stored in the water tank, but there are problems in the location of the water tank, water quality management, and construction costs.

  The method shown in Fig. 3 is expected for the water storage function of the block of the water retention block, and has the advantage that it can be constructed by the conventional construction method. However, it is effective for the amount of water retained in the block and the sustained effect after rainfall. There are limits.

  The method of FIG. 4 has an advantage that a timely effect can be expected by using a temperature sensor and a moisture sensor, but there are problems of securing a water source, problems of construction and maintenance, and the like.

  The invention described in Patent Document 1 intends to use the void formed by the single-grain crushed stone layer for water retention, but the water-permeable block on the surface only allows rainwater or the like to pass through, and accumulates in the crushed stone layer. There is no function to suck water. Therefore, normally, an air layer is formed between the upper part of the single-grain crushed stone layer having a high porosity and the back surface of the water permeable block, and evaporation on the road surface and the accompanying road surface temperature reduction effect cannot be expected so much. In particular, the effect is hardly obtained in a sunshine state where the road surface temperature reduction effect is most required.

  In the case of the invention described in Patent Document 2, water retention can be secured, but the water retention tank portion in the pavement is structurally a large cavity, so that the water retention tank is considerably large to support the load acting on the water permeable block. Must have the strength of

  The inventions described in Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5 are to fill a void of an asphalt mixture having an open particle size on a road surface with a water retention grout material, and the water retention grout material penetrates into the void from the surface after laying the asphalt mixture. Although it has good workability but has limited water retention, and considering application to block pavement, the water retention grout material adheres to the block surface where aesthetics and functionality are originally required. There is a fear, and the processing becomes a problem.

  The present invention has a stable water retention function for a long time mainly using rainwater based on the background as described above, has good workability, is easy to maintain, and makes use of the advantages of block pavement. The object of the present invention is to provide a water-retaining pavement structure excellent in economy and its construction method.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a water-retaining pavement structure in which a block pavement material is laid via a sand or mortar adjustment layer above a roadbed, and a water-retaining grout material is provided on the roadbed and / or the adjustment layer. It is characterized by being filled.

  As a general form of block pavement, crushed stone or other roadbed material is laid on the roadbed formed by excavation as required, depending on the application and design conditions, and sand etc. is laid as the adjustment layer Block pavement materials such as interlocking blocks are laid on top and filled with joint sand.

  Patent Documents 1 to 3 described above also use a gap between aggregates such as crushed stone for water retention in block pavement, but in the present invention, a water retention grout material is filled into a gap such as a roadbed material and cured. Since the water retention function of the water retention grout material is utilized, the combination of the roadbed, the adjustment layer, and the block itself may have a conventional simple structure, is excellent in workability, and can be easily designed for a load.

  As the roadbed material, grain-adjusted crushed stone, single-grain crushed stone, crusher run, and the like are suitable, but are not necessarily limited.

  The water retaining grout material may be filled in the sand of the adjustment layer in addition to filling the roadbed portion. The filling to the roadbed part is a wet type using a grout material pre-mixed with water, and a dry type that mainly mixes the powder material with the roadbed material or fills the gap of the roadbed material and reacts with water later. There are cases.

  In terms of workability, filling of the adjustment layer is mainly a powder that constitutes a water-retaining grout material in the sand, as in the case of mixing an empty kneaded mortar into conventional adjustment block pavement sand. Dry construction in which materials are mixed and laid is preferable, but wet construction may also be used.

  About a block pavement material, the conventional interlocking block used conventionally may be sufficient and a water-permeable block may be sufficient, but if a water retention block is used, a water retention function can be improved further. Different types of block pavement materials may be used in combination.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the water retentive pavement structure according to the first aspect, the joints between the block pavement materials are also filled with a water retentive grout material.

  There are cases where curable materials such as mortar are used for joints, and there are cases where curable materials are used only for joint sand, etc., but by using a water retaining grout material for joints as well, Improves water retention, and the water retention grout material is present in all of the roadbed, adjustment layer, and joints, and the suction and transpiration to the road surface become smoother, and the effect of suppressing the increase in road surface temperature can be expected more. .

  A third aspect of the present invention limits the case in which the water retention grout material is a grout material containing cement and holmite clay mineral in the water retention pavement structure according to the first or second aspect.

  The water retention grout material in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the hardened grout material has good water absorption, water retention, and appropriate water permeability, but the holmite clay mineral as a constituent of claim 3 As described in Patent Document 5, the water-retaining grout material containing water has water absorption, water retention, and appropriate water permeability, and is particularly suitable as the water-retaining grout material of the present invention.

  A fourth aspect of the present invention is the water retaining pavement structure according to the first to third aspects, wherein the roadbed is formed of single-grain crushed stone.

  In the invention described in Patent Document 4 or Patent Document 5, the water retaining grout material is filled in the void portion of the mixture layer of the open particle size asphalt on the road surface portion. Single-grain crushed stone is suitable, and voids are evenly dispersed, and it is also suitable for using the roadbed as a water retention layer.

  No. 7 crushed stone is often used as the single-grain crushed stone, but when the water-retaining grout material is filled in a wet state, uniform filling may be difficult depending on the type and composition of the water-retaining grout material. In such a case, No. 6 crushed stone may be used.

  The construction method of the water retentive pavement according to claim 5 is a method of constructing a water retentive pavement in which a block pavement material is laid through a sand or mortar adjustment layer above the roadbed. After the laying or during laying, the adjustment layer and the block pavement material are laid after injecting a water retention grout material having a powder to water weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 3 into the roadbed. It is what.

  Claim 5 is a case where wet construction is performed as a method of constructing the water-retaining pavement structure of claims 1 to 4. That is, it is used as a water retention grout material, for example, as a water retention milk in which cement, holmite clay mineral, water and the like are sufficiently stirred and mixed in advance, and poured from above the laid roadbed material. In addition, after laying the roadbed material by the thickness of the roadbed, it is not limited to the case where the roadbed material is filled all at once.

  The weight ratio of powder (cement + sepiolite, etc.) to water was set to 1: 1 to 1: 3 because when the amount of water is less than 1 with respect to the powder, high strength can be obtained as a material, but between the roadbed materials Filling is difficult, and if the amount of water is less than 3 for the powder, the curing time will be longer, there will be problems such as breathing, etc., and there is a possibility that uniform water retention may not be obtained due to insufficient strength. It is.

  A more preferable range in the case of using a grout material containing cement and holmite clay mineral as the water retention grout material is 1: 1.2 to 1: 2 in terms of the weight ratio of the powder to water. In addition, the injection amount of the water retention grout material in that case is 0.8 to 1.2 times the void amount of the roadbed.

  The construction method for water retentive pavement according to claim 6 is a water retentive pavement construction method in which a block pavement material is laid above the roadbed through a sand or mortar adjustment layer, and the roadbed portion and the powder The adjustment layer and the block pavement are laid after mixing and laying the water retaining grout material in a body state in advance.

  Claim 6 is a case where dry construction is performed as a method of constructing the water-retaining pavement structure of claims 1 to 4. That is, for example, cement or holmite clay mineral used in the water retention grout material is mixed with the roadbed material in a powder state and compacted while filling the roadbed layer.

  In this case, after the construction of the roadbed layer, the adjustment layer may be laid with a mixture of sand of the adjustment layer and cement or holmite clay mineral in a powder state.

  The water retention grout material is hardened by penetration of water, but it can be cured by positively spraying water or by hardening by penetration of rainwater or the like.

  The mixing amount of the water-holding grout material in the powder state is about 0.5 to 3 times the void amount when the roadbed material is compacted according to the construction conditions.

  The construction method of the water-retaining pavement according to claim 7 is a construction method of the water-retaining pavement in which a block pavement material is laid on the upper side of the roadbed through an adjustment layer of sand or empty kneaded mortar, and the roadbed constituting the roadbed After the laying of the material or during the laying, the adjustment layer and the block pavement material are laid after the water retaining grout material in a powder state is vibration-filled in the gap of the roadbed material. .

  Claim 7 is also a case where dry construction is performed as a method for constructing the water-retaining pavement structure of claims 1 to 4, but in claim 6, a water-retaining grout material in a powder state is mixed with a roadbed material. In contrast, in claim 7, after the roadbed material is laid or during the laying, a separately prepared powdery water retention grout material is vibrationally filled into the gaps between the roadbed materials.

  In this case as well, after the construction of the roadbed layer, the adjustment layer may be laid with a mixture of sand of the adjustment layer and cement or holmite clay mineral in a powder state. In addition, the water retention grout material is hardened by water permeation, but it can be cured by aggressively spraying water or by water rain permeation.

  Because of the vibration filling, the mixing amount of the water retaining grout material in the powder state can be suppressed as compared with the case of claim 6 and is 0.5 to 1.2 times the void amount when the roadbed material is compacted. It will be about.

  Claim 8 is the construction method for water retentive pavement according to claims 5 to 7, wherein the water retentivity in a powder state is added to the adjustment layer or the joint between the adjustment layer and the block pavement material in addition to sand. The grouting material is mixed and laid.

  The volume mixing ratio of the powdery water retaining grout material and sand laid on the joints between the adjustment layers or the block pavement materials is about water retaining grout material: sand = 1: 2 to 1: 7.

  The water-retaining pavement structure of the present invention uses a gap between aggregates such as crushed stones for water retention in block pavement, and is filled with a water-retaining grout material in a gap such as a roadbed material and hardened. Since the water retention function of the material is used, the combination of the roadbed, the adjustment layer, and the block itself may have a simple structure, excellent workability, and easy to design for loads.

  Not only the roadbed but also the adjustment layer and joints can use water retention grout material to have water absorption, water retention and appropriate water permeability, in which case the water retention performance of the paving structure as a whole is improved. In addition, the roadbed, the adjustment layer, and the water-holding grout material at the joints are continuous, so that the suction and transpiration to the road surface are smooth, and a greater effect is exhibited with respect to the suppression of the increase in road surface temperature.

  Moreover, according to the construction method of the water-retaining pavement of the present invention, there are few problems that the water-retaining grout material adheres to the block on the block pavement surface, and the aesthetics (designability) and function of the block pavement can be utilized.

  FIG. 1 shows the best embodiment of the water-retaining pavement structure of the present invention.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the combination of the road bed 1, the roadbed 2, the adjustment layer (cushion layer) 4, the block pavement material 5, and the joint 6 in the order from the bottom is the same as a general block pavement. In the present invention, the gap between the roadbed materials such as the single-grain crushed stone 2a constituting the roadbed 2 is filled with the water retention grout material 3, and the roadbed 2 is given a water retention function by utilizing its water absorption and water retention. ing.

  In addition, what was shown is shown as one of the best embodiments to the last, and various application forms are possible as long as the constituent features of the present invention shown in the claims are provided. .

  As typical dimensions, the thickness of the roadbed 2 is about 100 to 200 mm, the thickness of the adjustment layer 3 is about 30 mm, and the thickness of the block pavement 4 is about 60 mm.

  In this embodiment, although the single-grain crushed stone 2a is used for the roadbed 2, it is not necessarily limited. As the single-grain crushed stone, No. 7 crushed stone or the like is used, but depending on the type, blending, and filling method of the water retention grout material 3, No. 6 crushed stone or other standard crushed stones may be used.

  The adjustment layer 4 has a cushioning function in laying the block pavement material 5 and an adjustment function of moisture penetration and suction between the roadbed 2 having the function of retaining water in the present invention and the block pavement material 5 or the road surface. is doing.

  Depending on the design, the adjustment layer 4 may be made of sand only, made of sand and an empty mortar or ordinary mortar to which water has been added, or made of sand and a water retaining grout material. In the case of the adjustment layer 4 made of sand and a water retention grout material, the adjustment layer 4 also has a water retention function, and a water retention layer that is continuous with the roadbed 2 is formed, so that water can be retained in rainwater or in summer sunshine. Smooth moisture absorption.

  As described above, the block pavement material 5 may be any of a conventionally used interlocking block, water permeable block, and water retaining block, and these may be used in combination. For strength and performance, it is necessary to use one that meets the standard. Different types of block pavement materials may be used in combination. In the illustrated embodiment, the water-retaining block has a decorative layer 5a formed on the surface.

  Depending on the design, the joint 6 may be made of sand alone, made of sand and an empty kneaded mortar or ordinary mortar to which water is added, or made of sand and a water retaining grout material. In the case of the joint 6 made of sand and water retaining grout material, the joint 6 also has a water retention function, and if a water retention layer continuous with the roadbed 2, the adjustment layer 3, and the joint 6 is formed, the water retention function, rainwater, etc. It is excellent in permeation and moisture absorption functions.

  Next, the construction method of this water retention pavement structure is classified and explained. In the following example, the water retention grout material is a grout material containing cement and a holmite clay mineral such as sepiolite.

1. Use of water retaining grout material on the roadbed
(1) Wet process The weight ratio of water retention grout material (cement + holmite clay mineral) and water is kneaded within a range of 1: 1 to 1: 3 (preferably 1: 1.2 to 1: 2). In the form of milk (hereinafter referred to as “cemented milk”), the water is poured into the gap between the roadbed materials using a watering device or an automatic spreader from above the already laid roadbed.
The amount of cement milk injected is 0.8 to 1.2 times the volume of the gap in the roadbed (volume).

(2) Dry method (mixing)
Before laying, the powdery water-retaining grout material and the surface dry single-grain crushed stone as the roadbed material are mixed and laid using a bread mixer or the like.

  The mixing amount of the water-retaining grout material (cement + holmite clay mineral) is 0.5 to 3 times (volume amount) the void amount of the roadbed material (at the time of compaction).

(3) Dry method (vibration filling)
After laying the roadbed material, a powdery water retaining grout material (cement + holmite clay mineral) is vibrated with a compactor etc. on the surface of the roadbed and filled in the space of the roadbed material.
The mixing amount of the water-retaining grout material (cement + holmite clay mineral) is 0.5 to 1.2 times (volume amount) the void amount of the roadbed material (at the time of compaction).

2. Use of water retention grout material in the adjustment layer Powdered water retention grout material (cement + holmite clay mineral) and sand are mixed, spread on the roadbed, and block pavement is laid on it. The mixing ratio is water retention grout material: sand = 1: 2 to 1: 7 (volume ratio).

3. Use of water-retaining grout material at joints Water-retaining grout material (cement + holmite clay mineral) and sand (silica sand, etc.) in a powder state are mixed in a dry state, and after laying block pavement as joint sand, Fill the joints from the block surface.
Mixing ratio shall be water retention grout material: sand = 1: 2 to 1: 7 (volume ratio).

It is a vertical section which shows the best embodiment of the present invention. It is a vertical sectional view showing a conventional example. It is a vertical sectional view showing another conventional example. It is a vertical sectional view showing still another conventional example.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Road bed, 2 ... Subbase, 2a ... Single grain crushed stone, 3 ... Water retention grout material, 4 ... Adjustment layer, 5 ... Block pavement material, 5a ... Makeup layer, 6 ... Joint

Claims (8)

  A water retention pavement structure in which a block pavement material is laid above a roadbed via a sand or mortar adjustment layer, and the water retention grout material is filled in the roadbed and / or the adjustment layer. Pavement structure.   The water-retaining pavement structure according to claim 1, wherein a water-retaining grout material is also filled in joints between the block pavement materials.   The water-retaining pavement structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-retaining grout material is a grout material containing cement and holmite clay mineral.   The water-retaining pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the roadbed is formed of single-grain crushed stone.   A water retention pavement construction method in which a block pavement material is laid via a sand or mortar adjustment layer above the roadbed, and the weight ratio of powder to water after or during the laying of the roadbed material constituting the roadbed A water-retaining pavement construction method, wherein the adjustment layer and the block pavement material are laid after injecting a water-retaining grout material having a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 3 into the roadbed.   It is a water retention pavement construction method in which a block pavement material is laid above the roadbed via a sand or mortar adjustment layer, and the roadbed portion is premixed with the roadbed material and a powdery water retention grout material. Then, the construction method of the water-retaining pavement is characterized by laying the adjustment layer and the block pavement material.   A method for constructing a water-retaining pavement in which a block pavement material is laid through a sand or empty kneaded mortar adjustment layer above the roadbed, and is in a powder state after or during the laying of the roadbed material constituting the roadbed. A water-retaining pavement construction method comprising laying the adjustment layer and the block pavement after vibration-filling a water-retaining grout material into the gap of the roadbed material. 8. The adjustment layer, or the joint layer between the adjustment layer and the block pavement material, in addition to sand, the pulverized water retaining grout material is mixed and laid. A method for constructing a water-retaining pavement according to crab.

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