JP2008149398A - Cutting tool grinding method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting tool grinding method and device for enabling even an unskilled worker to grind a cutting tool easily with high precision. <P>SOLUTION: In this cutting tool grinding method, a divided angle measuring step, a correction step (step 4) based on the results of measurement of divided angle, a grinding wheel measuring step, a correction step (step 6) based on the results of measurement of grinding wheel, a grinding step, a chamfer deflection amount measuring step, and a determining step (step 9) are sequentially repeated and performed until it is determined that chamfer deflection amount of the cutting tool is within the specification. Consequently, the grinding work to be performed by a skilled worker conventionally can be automatically performed and even the unskilled worker can grind the cutting tool easily with high precision. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding method and a grinding apparatus for a cutting tool having a plurality of cutting edges around an axis, and more particularly to a method for grinding a cutting tool by automatic operation and a cutting tool grinding apparatus having an NC control device. .

Reaming of the reamer is an operation that requires extremely high skill performed by a skilled worker, and manually operates the tool grinder to visually check the wear state of the grinding wheel while applying the grinding wheel to the cutting blade. By repeating the correction grinding, the reamer was adjusted to the standard (the amount of biting less than 10 μm). In recent years, the number of skilled workers having such high skills has been on the decline, and even a less experienced worker can easily perform reamer regrinding with high accuracy. There has been a demand for a grinding method and a cutting tool grinding apparatus. Therefore, for example, a tool grinding apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been developed, but it is necessary to significantly modify the tool grinding apparatus as a base, which increases equipment costs. Moreover, in the conventional cutting tool grinding method and cutting tool grinding apparatus, it is difficult to stabilize the grinding accuracy, and the reamer's biting-out accuracy cannot be reliably matched to the standard (less than 10 μm).
JP 63-256343 A

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a cutting tool grinding method and a cutting tool grinding apparatus capable of grinding a cutting tool easily and with high accuracy even by an inexperienced operator. It was made as an issue to provide.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a cutting tool grinding method of the present invention is a method of grinding a cutting tool having a plurality of cutting blades around an axis of a blade portion with a grinding wheel, between adjacent cutting blades of the blade portion. A split angle measuring step for measuring the split angle, a correction step for correcting the axial feed data of the grinding program stored in the control device based on the measurement result of the split angle measuring step, and a grinding program corrected by the correction step A grinding step for grinding the cutting tool, a biting runout measurement step for measuring the biting runout amount of the blade portion of the cutting tool ground by the grinding step, and a biting measured by the biting runout measurement step The determination step for determining whether the shake amount is within the standard or the non-standard is sequentially performed. In the determination step, the amount of biting is outside the standard. When it is determined, the amount of deflection with Eating until it is determined to be within specification, characterized in that sequentially repeating the steps until the determination step from division angle measuring step.
According to the cutting tool grinding method of the present invention, by performing each step sequentially until the biting runout amount of the cutting tool meets the standard, grinding operation by a highly skilled expert is performed automatically by the cutting tool grinding apparatus. Therefore, even a worker who has little experience can grind the cutting tool easily and with high accuracy.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a cutting tool grinding apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus for grinding a cutting tool having a plurality of cutting edges around an axis of a blade portion with a grinding wheel, and between adjacent cutting blades of the blade portion. A split angle measuring means for measuring the split angle, a correcting means for correcting axial feed data of the grinding program based on the measurement result of the split angle measuring means, and a cutting tool blade portion ground by a grinding wheel based on the grinding program. A biting shake amount measuring means for measuring a biting shake amount, a judging means for judging whether or not the biting shake amount measured by the biting shake amount measuring means is within the standard, and a judgment means for biting shake A control procedure that repeatedly repeats the measurement by the split angle measuring means, the correction by the correcting means, the measurement by the biting shake amount measuring means, and the determination by the determining means until the quantity is determined to be within the standard. Characterized by comprising the, the.
According to the cutting tool grinding apparatus of the present invention, the control means performs measurement by the divided angle measuring means, correction by the correcting means, measurement by the biting shake amount measuring means, and determination by the judging means, and the biting shake amount of the cutting tool. By repeating the process repeatedly until it meets the standards, it is possible to perform grinding work by highly skilled technicians with automatic operation of the cutting tool grinding device, and even for inexperienced workers, cutting It becomes possible to grind the tool easily and with high accuracy.

(Aspect of the Invention)
In the following, aspects of the invention that is recognized as being capable of being claimed in the present application (hereinafter referred to as claimable invention) will be exemplified, and each exemplified aspect will be described. Here, as in the claims, each aspect is divided into paragraphs, numbers are assigned to the respective paragraphs, and the descriptions of other paragraphs are cited as necessary. This is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the claimable invention, and is not intended to limit the combination of the constituent elements constituting the claimable invention to those described in the following sections. In other words, the claimable invention should be construed in consideration of the description accompanying each section, the description of the embodiment, etc., and as long as the interpretation is followed, another aspect is added to the aspect of each section. Moreover, the aspect which deleted the component from the aspect of each term can also be one aspect of the claimable invention.
In the following items, each of the items (1), (2), (4), (5), and (7) corresponds to each of claims 1 to 5.

(1) A method of grinding a cutting tool having a plurality of cutting blades around an axis of a blade portion with a grinding wheel, a split angle measuring step for measuring a split angle between adjacent cutting blades of the blade portion, and a split angle A correction step for correcting the axial feed data of the grinding program stored in the control device based on the measurement result of the measurement step, a grinding step for executing the grinding program corrected by the correction step to grind the cutting tool, and a grinding step The biting runout measurement step for measuring the biting runout amount of the blade of the ground cutting tool, and whether the biting runout measured by the biting runout measurement step is within the standard or nonstandard The determination step is sequentially performed, and when it is determined in the determination step that the amount of biting is outside the standard, the amount of biting is within the standard. Until constant cutting tool grinding method characterized by sequentially repeating the steps until the determination step from division angle measuring step.
In the cutting tool grinding method described in this section, the division angle measurement step, the correction step, the grinding step, the biting runout measurement step, and the determination step are sequentially repeated until the biting runout amount of the cutting tool meets the standard. , Grinding work by highly skilled workers can be performed by automatic operation of the tool grinder, and even a less experienced worker can grind cutting tools easily and with high precision become.
In the embodiment of this section, the cutting tool grinder used is, for example, an NC control universal tool grinder. Moreover, the measurement of the division angle by the division angle measurement step and the measurement of the biting shake amount by the biting shake amount measurement step are performed by a cutting tool measurement sensor that is already installed in the cutting tool grinder.

(2) A grinding wheel measuring step for measuring the width dimension and the outer diameter dimension of the grinding wheel is provided, and the correction step is a grinding stored in the control device based on both measurement results of the divided angle measuring step and the grinding wheel measuring step. The cutting tool grinding method according to (1), wherein the axial feed data of the program is corrected.
In the aspect of this section, the measurement of the grinding wheel in the grinding wheel measurement step is performed by a grinding wheel measurement sensor that is already installed in the cutting tool grinding apparatus. The measurement of the grinding wheel is performed in a state where the grinding wheel is mounted on the shaft head. Thereby, a grindstone measurement step can be automated. Note that the measurement of the grinding wheel by the grinding wheel measurement step is performed, for example, immediately before the correction step. Thereby, the change in the shape of the grinding wheel due to wear can be reflected in the grinding program.

(3) The cutting tool grinding method according to (1) or (2), further including a forming step of forming the grinding wheel while being mounted on the shaft head.
According to the cutting tool grinding method described in this section, it is possible to finish a grinding wheel with high accuracy (dimensional accuracy and runout accuracy, for example, a runout amount of 3 μm or less). It can be adapted to the standard. In addition, shaping | molding of the grinding wheel by a shaping | molding step is implemented immediately before a grindstone measuring step, for example.

(4) A device for grinding a cutting tool having a plurality of cutting blades around an axis of a blade portion with a grinding wheel, a split angle measuring means for measuring a split angle between adjacent cutting blades of the blade portion, and a split angle Correction means for correcting the axial feed data of the grinding program based on the measurement result of the measuring means, and the biting runout measuring means for measuring the biting runout of the cutting tool blade ground by the grinding wheel based on the grinding program; The determination angle for determining whether or not the biting shake amount measured by the biting shake amount measuring means is within the standard, and the division angle until the judgment unit determines that the biting shake amount is within the standard. And a control unit that repeatedly performs measurement by the measurement unit, correction by the correction unit, measurement by the biting shake amount measurement unit, and determination by the determination unit sequentially.
In the cutting tool grinding apparatus described in this section, the control means performs measurement by the divided angle measuring means, correction by the correcting means, measurement by the biting shake amount measuring means, and determination by the judging means, and the biting shake amount of the cutting tool. By repeating it repeatedly until it meets the standards, it is possible to perform grinding work by highly skilled technicians with automatic operation of the tool grinder, and even for inexperienced workers, cutting tools can be used. It becomes possible to grind easily and with high accuracy.
In the aspect of this section, the control means is, for example, an NC control device. Moreover, in the aspect of this term, the measurement of the division angle and the measurement of the amount of biting are performed by a cutting tool measurement sensor that is already installed in the cutting tool grinding apparatus. Further, the measuring tool of the cutting tool measuring sensor is preferably made of cemented carbide and having a tip having a diameter of 1 mm.

(5) Grinding wheel measuring means for measuring the width dimension and outer diameter dimension of the grinding wheel is provided, and the correcting means is based on the measurement results of both the split angle measuring means and the grinding wheel measuring means, and the axial feed data of the grinding program is obtained. The cutting tool grinding apparatus according to (4), wherein correction is performed.
In the aspect of this section, the measurement of the grinding wheel by the grinding wheel measuring means is carried out by a grinding wheel measuring sensor already installed in the cutting tool grinding apparatus. Moreover, the measuring element of the grinding wheel measuring sensor is preferably made of ruby and having a tip portion with a diameter of 5 to 10 mm. Further, the measurement of the grinding wheel is performed in a state where the grinding wheel is mounted on the shaft head. Thereby, the measurement of the grinding wheel can be automated.

(6) The cutting tool grinding apparatus according to (4) or (5), further comprising a forming means for forming the grinding wheel in a state of being mounted on the shaft head.
According to the cutting tool grinding apparatus described in this section, it is possible to finish a grinding wheel with high accuracy (dimensional accuracy and runout accuracy, for example, a runout amount of 3 μm or less), and a cutting tool to be ground by the grinding wheel It can be adapted to the standard.

(7) The cutting tool grinding apparatus according to any one of (4) to (6), wherein the cutting tool is a reamer.
In the embodiment described in this section, the reamer can be ground by an expert skilled worker with automatic operation of the cutting tool grinding apparatus, so that even an inexperienced worker can easily perform the reamer. In addition, it is possible to perform grinding with high accuracy (for example, a biting runout amount of less than 10 μm).

  It is possible to provide a cutting tool grinding method and a cutting tool grinding apparatus capable of grinding a cutting tool easily and with high accuracy even if the operator has little experience.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, a case where the reamer 2 (cutting tool) is ground using the NC control universal tool grinder 1 (hereinafter referred to as the cutting tool grinding apparatus 1) will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the cutting tool grinding apparatus 1 includes a main shaft 3 that holds a reamer 2 and a grinding wheel head 5 that holds a grinding wheel 4. The spindle 3 can be moved in the X direction in FIG. 2 by the movement of the headstock 6 and can be turned in the C direction in FIG. 2. Further, the main shaft 3 can be indexed around the axis (direction A in FIG. 2). The grindstone shaft head 5 can be moved in the Z direction in FIG. 2 and can be moved in the Y direction in FIG. 2 by the movement of the shaft head column 7. Then, the cutting tool grinding apparatus 1 rotates the grinding wheel 4 mounted on the grinding wheel head 5 at a predetermined rotational speed, and the grinding wheel 4 is controlled with respect to the reamer 2 by the control of the NC control device (control means). By moving along the path, the reamer 2 mounted on the main shaft 3 is ground.

  The cutting tool grinding apparatus 1 is provided with a grinding wheel measuring sensor 8 on the headstock 6 and a reamer measuring sensor 9 on the grinding wheel head 5. As shown in FIG. 7, a grinding wheel measuring sensor 8 (grinding wheel measuring means) includes a ruby measuring element 8a having a tip portion formed in a spherical shape (outer diameter of 5 to 10 mm), and the measuring element 8a. Is brought into contact with the grinding wheel 4 to measure the width and outer diameter of the grinding wheel 4 mounted on the grinding wheel head 5. Further, the reamer measurement sensor 9 (division angle measuring means and biting deflection measuring means) includes a cemented carbide measuring element 9a having a spherical tip (outer diameter 1 mm) at the tip, and the measurement By bringing the child 9a into contact with the reamer 2 attached to the main shaft 3, the protruding length (see FIG. 3), the outer runout amount (the amount of biting, see FIG. 4), and the split angle (see FIG. 5). As well as leads (see FIG. 6) are structured to be selectively measured.

  Next, a method of grinding the reamer 2 using the cutting tool grinding apparatus 1 will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG. First, a main program stored in the NC control device (control means) is called (step 1), and the main program is started (step 2). Thereby, the reamer measurement subprogram is executed, and the split angle of the reamer 2 mounted on the spindle 3 is measured by the reamer measurement sensor 9 (step 3). The reamer 2 is projected and measured by the reamer measurement sensor 9 before the division angle is measured. Then, based on the measurement result of the split angle of the reamer 2, the NC control device corrects the axial feed data (axial feed position and axial feed amount) of the grinding program that is a subprogram (step 4). Next, the width dimension and the outer diameter dimension of the grinding wheel 4 mounted on the grinding wheel head 5 are measured by the grinding wheel measuring sensor 8 (step 5). Then, based on the measurement results of the width dimension and the outer diameter dimension of the grinding wheel 4, the NC control device corrects the axial feed data of the grinding program which is a subprogram (step 6).

  Next, a grinding program with corrected axial feed data is executed, and the reamer 2 mounted on the spindle 3 is ground by the rotating grinding wheel 4 mounted on the grinding wheel head 5 (step 7). After completion of grinding, the amount of biting of the reamer 2 attached to the spindle 3 is measured by the reamer measurement sensor 9 (step 8). Next, the NC control device performs arithmetic processing for determining whether the measured amount of biting of the reamer 2 is within the standard (less than 10 μm) or out of the standard (10 μm or more) (step 9). ). Then, when the amount of biting of the reamer 2 is within the standard (less than 10 μm) (Y in Step 9), the NC control device ends the main program. Moreover, when the amount of biting of the reamer 2 is not standard (10 μm or more) (N in Step 9), the NC control unit returns to Step 3 and measures the split angle of the reamer 2 attached to the spindle 3 ( Step 3) The subsequent steps (Steps 3 to 8) are sequentially performed, and Steps 3 to 8 are sequentially repeated until it is determined in Step 9 that the amount of biting of the reamer 2 is within the standard (less than 10 μm). To be implemented.

This embodiment has the following effects.
According to this embodiment, a split angle measuring step (step 3 in FIG. 1) for measuring the split angle of the reamer 2 (cutting tool) mounted on the spindle 3 and a grinding program based on the measurement result of the split angle measuring step. Correction step (step 4) for correcting the axial feed data (shaft feed position and feed amount), and a grinding wheel measurement step for measuring the width and outer diameter of the grinding wheel 4 mounted on the grinding wheel head 5 ( Step 5), a correction step (step 6) for correcting the axis feed data of the grinding program based on the measurement result of the grinding wheel measuring step, and grinding in which the reamer 2 mounted on the spindle 3 is mounted on the wheel head 5 A grinding step (step 7) for grinding with the grindstone 4 and a biting runout measurement step (step) for measuring the biting runout amount of the reamer 2 mounted on the spindle 3 after the grinding is completed. 8) and a determination step for determining whether the amount of biting of the reamer 2 measured by the biting amount measurement step is within the standard (less than 10 μm) or outside the standard (10 μm or more) (step) 9) are sequentially performed, and each step from the division angle measurement step to the determination step is sequentially repeated until it is determined in the determination step that the amount of biting of the reamer 2 is within the standard (less than 10 μm). The

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the grinding wheel 4 is brought into contact with the reamer 2 by an excellent technique while confirming the wear state of the grinding wheel 4 using a caliper or the like by a skilled worker having high skill. Thus, the operation of adjusting the biting runout amount of the reamer 2 to the standard while repeating the correction grinding many times can be performed by the automatic operation of the cutting tool grinder 1, and the worker who has little experience is able to perform the operation. However, it becomes possible to grind the reamer 2 easily and with high precision (less than 10 μm of bite). Further, since the grinding wheel measuring sensor 8 and the reamer measuring sensor 9 are already installed in the cutting tool grinding apparatus 1, it is not necessary to significantly modify the apparatus, and an increase in equipment cost can be prevented.

In addition, embodiment is not limited above, For example, you may comprise as follows.
A sub-program (forming step) for forming the grinding wheel 4 is incorporated into the main program stored in the NC control device, and the step before the step of measuring the width and outer diameter of the grinding wheel 4 is shown in FIG. As shown, the grinding wheel 4 mounted on the grinding wheel head 5 may be formed by a dresser 10 driven under the control of the NC control device. In this case, it is possible to finish the grinding wheel 4 with high accuracy (a grinding wheel runout amount of 3 μm or less) during the automatic operation of the cutting tool grinding apparatus 1 with the grinding wheel 4 mounted on the grinding wheel head 5. . As a result, the reamer 2 (cutting tool) is ground by the grinding wheel 4 with high accuracy, so that the biting deflection accuracy of the reamer 2 can be ensured.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the object to be ground is the reamer 2 in which four cutting blades are equally arranged around the axis of the blade portion, but the number of cutting blades is two, for example. There may be six. In this case, the reamer measurement subprogram selected according to the reamer 2 to be ground is executed. Furthermore, the grinding object may be a cutting tool such as an end mill, for example.
The measurement of the grinding wheel 4 by the grinding wheel measuring sensor 8 is particularly effective when the width dimension and the outer diameter dimension of the grinding wheel 4 are grasped in advance and these dimensions are reflected in the axial feed data of the grinding program. There is no need to incorporate a grinding wheel measurement step into the main program.
In the step of measuring the split angle of the reamer 2 mounted on the spindle 3, if necessary, the outer runout measurement and lead measurement (when the reamer 2 is a twisted blade) are measured by the reamer measurement sensor 9. May be.
In the step of grinding the reamer 2, the grinding program may be configured so that a grinding pattern can be selected. For example, the grinding step is configured by selecting or combining cylindrical grinding and margin leaving processing, rake grinding, and gash grinding as necessary.
In the present embodiment, the measuring element 8a of the grindstone measuring sensor 8 is formed of a spherical ruby having an outer diameter of 5 to 10 mm, and the measuring element 9a of the reamer measuring sensor 9 is formed of a spherical cemented carbide having an outer diameter of 1 mm. Although formed, the shape and material of these measuring elements 8a and 9a may be appropriately selected according to the grinding wheel 4 and the cutting tool (reamer 2).

It is a flowchart figure of the cutting tool grinding method of this embodiment. It is a perspective view of the cutting tool grinding device of this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of this embodiment, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the aspect in which especially the protrusion length of a reamer is measured by the sensor for reamer measurement. It is explanatory drawing of this embodiment, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the aspect in which the outer periphery deflection | deviation amount of a reamer is measured by the sensor for reamer measurement especially. It is explanatory drawing of this embodiment, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the aspect in which the division | segmentation angle of a reamer is measured by the sensor for reamer measurement especially. It is explanatory drawing of this embodiment, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the aspect in which the lead | read | reed of a reamer is measured by the sensor for reamer measurement especially. It is explanatory drawing of this embodiment, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the aspect in which the width dimension and outer-diameter dimension of a grinding stone are measured by the sensor for grinding stone measurement especially. It is explanatory drawing of other embodiment, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the aspect in which a grinding wheel is shape | molded by a dresser especially.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutting tool grinding apparatus, 2 Reamer (cutting tool), 4 Grinding wheel, 8 Grinding wheel measuring sensor (grinding wheel measuring means), 9 Reamer measuring sensor (Division angle measuring means and biting runout measuring means)

Claims (5)

A method of grinding a cutting tool having a plurality of cutting edges around an axis of a blade portion with a grinding wheel,
A split angle measuring step for measuring a split angle between adjacent cutting edges of the blade portion;
A correction step of correcting the axial feed data of the grinding program stored in the control device based on the measurement result of the division angle measurement step;
Grinding step of grinding the cutting tool by executing the grinding program corrected by the correction step;
The biting runout measurement step for measuring the biting runout amount of the blade part of the cutting tool ground by the grinding step;
A determination step for determining whether the biting shake amount measured by the biting shake amount measurement step is within a standard or non-standard; and
Are implemented sequentially,
In the determination step, when it is determined that the biting shake amount is out of specification, each of the division angle measurement step to the determination step until the biting shake amount is determined to be within the standard. A cutting tool grinding method characterized by sequentially repeating steps. A grinding wheel measuring step for measuring a width dimension and an outer diameter dimension of the grinding wheel, and the correction step is stored in the control device based on both measurement results of the split angle measuring step and the grinding wheel measuring step. The cutting tool grinding method according to claim 1, wherein axial feed data of the grinding program is corrected. A device for grinding a cutting tool having a plurality of cutting blades around an axis of a blade portion with a grinding wheel,
A split angle measuring means for measuring a split angle between adjacent cutting edges of the blade portion;
Correction means for correcting the axis feed data of the grinding program based on the measurement result of the division angle measurement means;
The biting runout measuring means for measuring the biting runout of the blade part of the cutting tool ground by the grinding wheel based on the grinding program;
Determining means for determining whether or not the biting shake amount measured by the biting shake amount measuring means is within a standard; and
Until the determination means determines that the biting shake amount is within the standard, the measurement by the division angle measurement means, the correction by the correction means, the measurement by the biting shake measurement means, and the determination by the determination means A control means for repeatedly performing
A cutting tool grinding apparatus comprising: Grinding wheel measuring means for measuring the width dimension and outer diameter dimension of the grinding wheel is provided, and the correction means is an axis feed data of a grinding program based on both measurement results of the divided angle measuring means and the grinding wheel measuring means. The cutting tool grinding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: The cutting tool grinding apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the cutting tool is a reamer.

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