JP2008121399A - Foundation vibration damping device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optimal vibration damping device of a simple structure which can be manufactured at a low cost, installed easily and applied easily on a lightweight building mainly as a wooden detached house to a relatively heavyweight building such as a low-rise reinforced concrete structure. <P>SOLUTION: The damping device is composed as follows. A foundation or a foundation beam mainly made of reinforced concrete structure is separated from a pressure-resisting board which supports and transmits a load above the foundation while a metal sheet slidable by a horizontal load in earthquake is attached in each place where the foundation meets the pressure-resisting board. Thus, when the metal sheets slide against each other upon receiving the earthquake load, the load horizontally applied by the earthquake can be damped with their frictional resistance. Furthermore, a rubber for buffering impact shock or a shock absorbing material of low repulsive high-polymer is installed in a space between a foundation protective barrier, which is a rising part installed in order to prevent the foundation from moving excessively running over the pressure-resisting board and also to resist the falling/drawing load, and the foundation, so that the earthquake energy is absorbed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration reducing device for protecting a building from an earthquake, and can be manufactured with a particularly simple structure and at a low cost, and can be easily installed and installed, mainly a wooden detached house. It is applied to a vibration damping device that can be easily applied from a lightweight building such as the above to a building with a relatively heavy load such as a low-rise reinforced concrete structure.

  Ten years after the Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake, especially based on recent predictions of large earthquakes, the earthquake-resistant design technology has been improved. As these methods, the building is fixed to the ground and the seismic load is applied to the building structure. The mainstream is the so-called “seismic structure” that supports the load, the “seismic isolation structure” that insulates the ground from the building, and the “damping structure” that uses additional equipment. For seismic structures, small-scale seismic isolation buildings have received confirmation from the Ministry of Construction, which can be applied for confirmation in the same way as general buildings, and at the same time, technical standards for small-scale seismic isolation buildings have been established. (2000 Ministry of Construction Notification 2009, 2000 Ministry of Construction Notification 1446)

  Other technologies other than seismic design to avoid earthquake damage include a high-rise building and condominiums and other large buildings with a vibration control mechanism in the building to reduce the force of the earthquake, or An anti-vibration mechanism is installed, and when an earthquake occurs, it is configured to drive the anti-vibration mechanism to absorb the shaking of the earthquake and alleviate the shaking of the building itself. However, because of its large scale, high cost, low load, and restrictions due to ground conditions, the spread of the product has been delayed, and many collapses due to earthquakes still continue.

  The most popular seismic structure that increases the structural strength of walls in small-scale buildings such as houses and resists seismic loads increases the amount of seismic walls and provides an important free plane for a comfortable living space. In the case of a wooden house, especially in the case of a wooden house, a large amount of hardware is used to increase the rigidity, so many springs are generated and the earthquake energy is likely to accelerate, and the natural period of building vibration is shortened by the increase in the rigidity of the building. In many grounds close to this natural period, the vibration was likely to accelerate due to the resonance phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the input earthquake energy and reduce acceleration.

  The above-mentioned small-scale seismic isolation structure has been studied in recent years for the above reasons, but most of the currently developed seismic isolation systems are mechanical damping devices, restoration devices, obstacle devices and restraint devices. It is composed of any of these, and the damping function based on the vibration theory such as the spring and pendulum function is interposed in any of them, so the load is small and it is difficult to reduce the swing width. However, there is a limit to slowing the vibration period, and there is a limit to use in places where the natural period of the ground is large, such as soft ground. In addition, the load must be concentrated and the mechanism becomes complicated and expensive. Not only that, the installation and installation also requires expertise and skill, and these are the foundation and superstructure. Because of the insulation method, it does not have a pull-out restraining device for seismic loads that cause large pull-outs.

  It is generally accepted that the “damping structure” that reduces the seismic load with an additional device is theoretically difficult to mix with the seismic wall, but the wooden house damping device currently on the market is required by the Building Standards Act. The load-bearing wall cannot be omitted, and an additional wall with a vibration control device is required on the load-bearing wall. Twisting may occur and lead to collapse.

  In addition, commercially available as a low-cost anti-vibration mat, which is formed by inserting an anti-vibration rubber with a thickness of about 2 cm between the foundation and the base, is effective in absorbing vibrations such as automobile vibrations. It is functionally impossible to lower the natural vibration period for the purpose of seismic reduction. Furthermore, since the spring function works, there is a possibility of collapse due to resonance acceleration depending on the vibration period of the ground during the earthquake.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described drawbacks, and its purpose is simple in structure and can be manufactured at a low cost, and thus a small building such as a detached house. It can be easily applied to objects, and it can be applied to places with low earth strength by reducing the ground pressure generated on the foundation and ground, regardless of the structure such as wooden structures, steel frames, masonry and reinforced concrete structures. And, it is to provide a seismic reduction device that can be easily constructed and protects a building from the risk of collapse of a large-scale earthquake.

  In order to solve these problems, the seismic reduction device according to the present invention is provided between the base plate and the pressure board so that the seismic energy is attenuated before being input to the base block of the building and the entire building. The metal plate d fixed on the bottom of the base plate and the metal plate h fixed horizontally on the upper surface of the pressure platen c in contact with the metal plate constitutes a sliding surface to release the seismic energy and when the metal slides Energy is attenuated by frictional resistance between surfaces.

  Similarly, rubber or synthetic resin having high viscous resistance can be used as means for creating a sliding surface between the foundation and the pressure platen and absorbing seismic energy by the frictional resistance.

  When rubber or synthetic resin with high viscosity resistance is used and the load of the building received by the foundation is large and the amount of deformation is large with single layer rubber or synthetic resin, commercially available so-called laminated rubber shape with metal plates etc. sandwiched in multiple layers A certain distance that can be supported by the upper load with spherical metal or ball bearings in rubber or synthetic resin with high viscosity resistance, or metal struts that are difficult to deform under vertical load but can be deformed sideways It can also be said that it is formed in a plate shape.

  In addition, the basic protective wall that rises at the edge of the pressure-resistant panel will not move excessively due to the horizontal load at the time of the earthquake and protrude from the pressure-resistant panel c. By attaching rubber or low-resilience synthetic resin that cushions shocks to the gap between the foundation protective wall and the foundation, it is possible to absorb earthquake energy and relieve damage and acceleration of the foundation due to impact. It is a characteristic seismic reduction device.

  The damping principle of this device is a damping device based on sliding frictional resistance that does not rely on vibration theory so as not to generate resonance acceleration due to vibration that has a significant impact on earthquake collapse. The frictional resistance to be consumed by damping is equal to the product of the acceleration generated by the earthquake, and the coefficient of friction of the sliding friction surface is multiplied by the total load from the foundation to the top as in the horizontal earthquake load calculation. Since it is equal to the one, the maximum speed of the earthquake (unit: 1G ... gal) is assumed, and the friction coefficient of the friction surface is reduced by polishing, surface treatment, coating, etc. The damping device uses a metal plate or the like adjusted to a friction damping material.

  The material of the pressure-resistant panel C in the seismic reduction device according to claim 3 or 4 is a reinforced concrete structure, a relatively small specific gravity, a lightweight concrete structure, a foamed concrete structure, a synthetic resin or a foamed synthetic resin, It is a seismic-reducing device characterized in that it can be applied to ground with low ground strength with less burden on the ground.

  The gap between the basic protective wall according to claim 1 or 4 and the basic rod is about 2 cm, and a rubber or low-resilience synthetic resin or the like that buffers the shock is attached to the gap to absorb the seismic energy and impact. It is sufficient to relieve the foundation breakage and acceleration caused by sliding, and to generate static friction resistance during sliding, without increasing acceleration and impact, without affecting the structural design of the upper building, and with little impact on building equipment This is a vibration reduction device.

  The seismic reduction apparatus according to the present invention constructed as described above is constructed so that the foundation b and the pressure board c slide, and the entire building a is in the gap of the foundation protection wall of the pressure board c from all directions of 360 degrees. In addition to reducing the seismic load by the frictional resistance force at the time of sliding, the shock absorbing material in the gap between the basic protective wall and the basic b Since the energy is absorbed, the seismic energy can be efficiently absorbed by three factors, such as releasing force, damping by frictional resistance, and absorbing shock.

  In addition, even in a large earthquake where the clearance between the foundation rod and the foundation protection wall is reduced to about 2 cm, the acceleration during sliding is suppressed, and the gap competes to generate a pulling force larger than the foundation and building weight due to the earthquake horizontal force. Restraint can prevent the building from collapsing.

In terms of design, there is no restriction on the design of the upper building, and even if the height of the building is different, the frictional resistance increases and decreases at the same rate as the seismic horizontal load, so an extreme eccentric load that causes building collapse occurs. No impact on the seismic vibration period or the natural period of the building, so there is no risk of accelerating resonance collapse, and the ground strength is the foundation of the pressure platen. When constructed with a structure, foamed concrete structure, synthetic resin or foamed synthetic resin, it can be applied to ground with less load on the ground and less ground strength. This is a vibration-reducing device characterized in that the technology to finish the installation part of the machine smoothly is easy, the metal plate is easy to machine, no special skilled workers are required, and the price is low. In the description of the means for carrying out the invention and the effects of the invention, reference numerals have been used for explanation, but this is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building (hereinafter, referred to as a building) that does not specifically limit a single-family structure to which the seismic reduction device according to the present invention is applied, and this building is tightly connected to a solid foundation. However, the pressure platen C supporting the foundation is in contact with the upper part of the metal plate E with a predetermined friction coefficient attached to the lower part of the foundation, and the same metal plate D attached to the lower part of the foundation B. In order to prevent the base rod from coming off the pressure plate at the end of the pressure plate, the basic protective wall is installed with a gap of about 2 cm. In the gap, rubber or urethane gel is used as a cushioning material. Attach a low-resilience buffer material made of synthetic resin.

  The metal plate D and E used here are stainless steel plate, titanium alloy steel plate, weathering steel plate, etc., a metal that is not easily corroded, a plated steel plate, or a steel plate subjected to rust prevention treatment, etc., as long as a predetermined friction coefficient, durability and strength can be secured. Or materials, such as a synthetic resin molding processing material, are not limited.

  The structure of the foundation is solid, such as a reinforced concrete structure. In addition to the reinforced concrete structure for the pressure-resistant panel c, if the ground strength is low, the specific gravity is relatively small, lightweight concrete structure, foamed concrete structure, polymer resin Alternatively, it is possible to reduce overload by constructing with foamed polymer resin.

  Fig. 2 shows a reinforced concrete foundation sliding vibration reduction device, showing the mounting positions of the metal plate D attached to the lower part of the foundation and the metal plate E, the basic protective wall, and the buffer material attached smoothly to the upper part of the pressure-resistant panel C. .

  Fig. 3 shows a wooden foundation sliding vibration reduction device, which shows the mounting position of the metal plate attached to the lower part of the foundation, the metal plate smoothly attached to the upper part of the pressure-resistant panel, the basic protective wall, and the cushioning material. The base of the upper building i is fastened to B by anchor bolts.

  FIG. 4 sandwiches a synthetic resin having a high viscous resistance such as a low-repulsion rubber and a low-repulsion gel or a synthetic resin such as a laminated rubber in place of or in place of the metal plate mounted on each of the foundation and the pressure platen. To absorb seismic energy.

  Fig. 5 shows the viscosity of the metal and synthetic resin, ceramics, and other cast materials that are evenly arranged so that they are not crushed by the foundation load between the metal plates and the like mounted on the foundation and pressure board. Wearing a plate made by injecting a low-resistance material with high resistance, etc., absorbs seismic energy.

  FIG. 6 shows a uniform arrangement of support balls made of metal, synthetic resin, ceramic, etc. in a spherical shape so that they are not crushed by the basic load between the metal plates and the like mounted on the foundation and the pressure platen. Wearing a plate made by injecting a low-resistance material with high resistance, etc., absorbs seismic energy.

  Conventionally, as a means of protecting the collapse of small buildings such as detached houses from earthquakes, measures such as seismic isolation structures and vibration control structures have been taken, but not all earthquake waves are effective. This includes the possibility of collapse due to resonant acceleration that occurs when the seismic vibration period and the natural period of the building coincide. In addition, seismic isolation and damping structures are not popular because of their high costs. Since the present invention is mainly based on friction damping that does not depend on the natural period, there is little possibility of resonance, and the upper building and the foundation on the pressure platen behave integrally, so this damping device is installed in the normal design from the foundation to the upper part. Since it can be made earthquake resistant to large earthquakes at low cost, the possibility of use in the housing industry is enormous, and furthermore, the possibility of earthquake collapse is reduced. Is also big.

It is the longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the building to which the seismic-reduction apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention is applied. It is the detailed view seen from the diagonal upper part of the foundation part which applied the seismic-reduction apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention to the building of a reinforced concrete structure. It is the detail seen from the diagonal upper part of the foundation part which applied the seismic-reduction apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention to the wooden building. It is the detailed figure which looked at what used viscous resistance synthetic resin as a friction material from the slanting upper part of a foundation part in the vibration damping device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is the detailed view which looked at the fundamental part of what made the friction material what mixed propellant material with viscosity resistance synthetic resin in the vibration damping device concerning one embodiment of the present invention from the slanting upper part. It is the detail which looked at the basic part of what made the friction material the thing which mixed the support ball | bowl with the viscous resistance synthetic resin in the earthquake-reduction apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention from diagonally upper part.

Explanation of symbols

B ... Building B ... Foundation C ... Pressure board D ... Foundation lower sliding friction surface metal plate E ... Pressure board upper sliding friction surface metal plate ... ··· Buffer material ········································································ Viscous resistance synthetic resin

Claims (10)

  The foundation or foundation beam mainly made of reinforced concrete structure and the load of the foundation and foundation upper part are separated from the pressure platen that transmits the load to the ground. If a metal plate that can be slid by the rolling load at the time or a metal plate that has been subjected to surface treatment, plating and painting is attached and the metal plate slides due to an earthquake load, the frictional resistance causes the side of the earthquake. The foundation of the rising part that is installed so that the moving load is attenuated and the foundation applied to the end of the pressure plate does not move excessively and protrudes from the pressure plate, and also resists the overturning pull-out load caused by the seismic horizontal load An anti-seismic device that absorbs seismic energy by attaching a rubber or low-resilience synthetic resin that cushions the shock to the gap between the protective wall and the foundation.   The metal plate mounted on each of the foundation and the pressure platen according to claim 1 has a friction so that the frictional resistance of the sliding friction surface slides at about half or more of the assumed maximum acceleration of the seismic vibration. Since it is necessary to adjust the coefficient and it is necessary to have high strength, durability and workability, there are two types of stainless steel plate, cold-rolled and annealed pickled, and further smoothed by applying a skin pass etc. Is used as a sliding friction surface.   The metal plate mounted on each of the foundation and the pressure plate in the vibration damping device according to claim 1 and 2 uses a surface finish or a dissimilar metal having a different surface roughness in order to stabilize the frictional resistance of the sliding surface. An anti-seismic device characterized by   Synthetic resin or laminate with high viscosity resistance, such as low-rebound rubber and low-repulsion gel, between or in place of metal plates attached to each of the foundation with pressure-reducing device and the pressure platen according to claim 1 or 2 A seismic-reducing device that absorbs seismic energy with rubber or other material in between.   Between a base plate with a vibration-reducing device according to claim 1 or 2 and a metal plate mounted on each pressure platen, a sliding device such as a bearing, or a so-called low-resilience material having a high viscous resistance, a bearing in a plane, etc. A seismic reduction device that absorbs seismic energy by arranging a small sliding device in a well-balanced manner.   A metal, synthetic resin, ceramic, or the like molded into a spherical shape so as not to be crushed by a foundation load between a base plate with a vibration reduction device according to claim 1 or 2 and a metal plate attached to each of the pressure panels. A seismic-reducing device that absorbs seismic energy by attaching a plate-like material such as a low-resilience material with high viscous resistance injected between them.   Metal, synthetic resin, ceramics, etc. are linearly molded so as not to be crushed by the foundation load between the base plate with the vibration isolator according to claim 1 or 2 and the metal plate mounted on each of the pressure panels. A seismic-reducing device that absorbs seismic energy by mounting a plate-like material that is lined up evenly and injecting a low-rebound material with high viscous resistance between them.   The shape and structure of the foundation with an anti-seismic device according to claims 1 to 7 is a solid material such as a reinforced concrete structure that supports the load on the upper part of the building, and in the case of a wooden building, the base is tightly bound with an anchor bolt or the like It is a structure that can withstand earthquake loads, and has a rectangular shape, trapezoidal shape, letter shape, letter shape L shape, etc., and a structure that behaves simultaneously with the seismic load. Attach a material plate that slides with a metal plate, etc., that attenuates due to frictional resistance, to the part of the upper surface that touches the base of the upper surface that has been finished smoothly, etc. An anti-seismic device characterized in that it has a shape that has a horizontally installed flat part and a foundation protective wall that rises to a position where a clearance of around centimeters can be taken on the outer periphery of the entire foundation.   The material of the pressure plate in the seismic reduction apparatus according to claims 8 to 8 is not limited to the reinforced concrete structure, but when it is constructed with a light concrete structure, foamed concrete structure, synthetic resin or foamed synthetic resin with a relatively small specific gravity, A seismic-reducing device that can be applied to ground with less load and less ground strength.   In addition to the on-site reinforced concrete structure, the foundation material for the vibration damping device according to claims 8 to 8 must be constructed with a structure that can withstand the functions of the foundation such as precast concrete, lightweight concrete, foamed concrete, and metal. Featuring an anti-seismic device.

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