JP2008116975A - Automatic performing device, and program for realizing automatic performing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic performing device which enables a performer to elaborately practice on parts which he can not perform well, and also provide a program for realizing automatic performing method. <P>SOLUTION: The automatic performing device is composed of; a reproduction control part 21 which reads out music data 10a, which are stored in an external storage device, to reproduce them (automatic performance) and controls a reproduction mode based on a result of determination made by an accordance determination part 22; the accordance determination part 22 which determines accordance between performance which a performer makes by using a performance operator 1 and automatic performance made by the reproduction control part 21 and transmits the result of the determination to the reproduction control part 21; and a repetition designation part 23 which designates a repetition segment, which is its partial segment, during the automatic performance by the reproduction control part 21. As the reproduction control part 21 controls the reproduction mode of the music data 10a based on various parameters, it is more preferable for the performer to freely set the values of the various parameters. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a program for realizing an automatic performance apparatus and an automatic performance method for comparing a performance of a performer with an automatic performance and changing a reproduction mode of the automatic performance according to the comparison result.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an automatic performance apparatus that compares a performer's performance with an automatic performance and changes the reproduction mode of the automatic performance according to the comparison result is known.

As such an automatic performance device, there is one that compares a performance of a performer with an automatic performance and changes the tempo of the automatic performance according to the comparison result (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 10-39863 A

  However, in the conventional automatic performance apparatus described above, although the tempo of the automatic performance is changed to a pace that can be performed by the performer, even if there is a part that cannot be performed well in some parts of the automatic performance, As the performance tempo only slowed down, the automatic performance continued to advance and I could not practice carefully where the performers could not perform well.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to this point, and provides a program for realizing an automatic performance apparatus and an automatic performance method capable of carefully practicing where a performer cannot perform well. With the goal.

  In order to achieve the above object, an automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a selection means for selecting any one of a normal performance mode and a partial section repeated performance mode, and the normal performance by the selection means. When a mode is selected, automatic performance of a fully automatic performance section is performed based on the supplied automatic performance data, while when the partial section repeated performance mode is selected by the selection means, the supplied Based on automatic performance data, among the fully automatic performance sections, automatic performance means for performing automatic performance so as to repeat automatic performance of a predetermined partial section, a performance operator for operation by the performer, Comparing means for comparing the performance performed by the performer using the performance operator and the automatic performance by the automatic performance means, and according to the comparison result by the comparison means, Tempo changing means for changing the tempo of the dynamic performance, and when the normal performance mode is selected, the tempo changing means sequentially changes the tempo during the automatic performance according to the comparison result. On the other hand, when the automatic performance of the partial section is repeated when the partial section repeated performance mode is selected, the tempo is not changed during the automatic performance of the partial section, It is characterized in that the tempo is changed when the automatic performance returns to the beginning of a partial section.

  In order to achieve the above object, the program according to claim 2 can be realized by a technical idea similar to that of claim 1.

  According to the first or second aspect of the invention, based on the supplied automatic performance data, the automatic performance of a predetermined partial section is repeated among the sections of the fully automatic performance. And the performance performed by the performer is compared, and the tempo of the automatic performance is changed according to the comparison result, so you can practice carefully by repeating the places where you can not perform well at the player's pace. Thus, the practice effect can be improved.

  Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 1 or 2, when the automatic performance of the partial section is repeated, the tempo is not changed during the automatic performance of the partial section, and the partial section When the automatic performance returns to the beginning, the tempo is changed, so that the performance practice with a constant tempo can be performed in the partial section, and the practice result is also the next result in the partial section. Can be used to practice playing.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in the figure, the automatic performance device of the present embodiment includes a performance operator 1 including a keyboard for inputting pitch information, and a setting operator 2 including a plurality of switches for inputting various information. A detection circuit 3 for detecting the operation state of the performance operator 1, a detection circuit 4 for detecting the operation state of the setting operator 2, a CPU 5 for controlling the entire apparatus, a control program executed by the CPU 5, Display ROM 6 for storing various table data, RAM 7 for temporarily storing performance data, various input information and calculation results, timer 8 for measuring interrupt time and various times in timer interrupt processing, and displaying various information For example, a display device 9 having a liquid crystal display (LCD) or CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display and a light emitting diode (LED), and the control program An external storage device 10 for storing various application programs including various music data, various data, and the like, and a MIDI interface for inputting an external MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) signal and outputting a MIDI signal to the outside ( I / F) 11, a communication interface (I / F) 12 for transmitting / receiving data to / from a server computer (hereinafter abbreviated as “server”) 102, for example, via the communication network 101, and the performance operator 1 From the sound source circuit 13 for converting the input performance data, preset performance data, etc. into a musical tone signal, the effect circuit 14 for imparting various effects to the musical tone signal from the tone generator circuit 13, and the effect circuit 14 Convert musical tone signals into sound, for example, DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter), amplifiers, speakers, etc. It is constituted by a sound system 15.

  The above components 3 to 14 are connected to each other via a bus 16, a timer 8 is connected to the CPU 5, another MIDI device 100 is connected to the MIDII / F 11, and a communication network 101 is connected to the communication I / F 12. Is connected to the sound source circuit 13, and the sound circuit 15 is connected to the effect circuit 14. Here, the communication I / F 12 and the communication network 101 are not limited to the wired system but may be a wireless system. In addition, both types may be provided.

  Examples of the external storage device 10 include a flexible disk drive (FDD), a hard disk drive (HDD), a CD-ROM drive, and a magneto-optical disk (MO) drive. As described above, the external storage device 10 can also store a control program to be executed by the CPU 5. If no control program is stored in the ROM 6, the control program is stored in the external storage device 10. By reading it into the RAM 7, it is possible to cause the CPU 5 to perform the same operation as when the control program is stored in the ROM 6. In this way, control programs can be easily added and upgraded.

  The MIDII / F11 is not limited to a dedicated one, and may be configured from a general-purpose interface such as RS-232C, USB (Universal Serial Bus), IEEE 1394 (Eye Triple E 1394). In this case, data other than MIDI messages may be transmitted and received simultaneously.

  As described above, the communication I / F 12 is connected to the communication network 101 such as a LAN (Local Area Network), the Internet, or a telephone line, and is connected to the server 102 via the communication network 101. When the above programs and various parameters are not stored in the external storage device 10, the communication I / F 12 is used to download programs and parameters from the server 102. The automatic performance device as a client transmits a command for requesting downloading of a program and parameters to the server 102 via the communication I / F 12 and the communication network 101. Upon receiving this command, the server 102 distributes the requested program and parameters to the automatic performance apparatus via the communication network 101, and the automatic performance apparatus receives these programs and parameters via the communication I / F 12. Thus, the download is completed by accumulating in the external storage device 10.

  Note that the automatic performance device of the present embodiment is constructed on an electronic musical instrument, as can be seen from the above-described configuration. When the form of the electronic musical instrument is adopted, the form is not limited to the keyboard musical instrument, and may be a string musical instrument type, a wind instrument type, a percussion instrument type, or the like. In addition, the device is not limited to a sound source device, an automatic performance device, etc. built in one electronic musical instrument body, but each device is a separate device, and each device is connected using communication means such as MIDII / F or various networks. It may be a thing. Furthermore, you may construct | assemble on exclusive apparatuses other than the electronic musical instrument comprised only from the minimum element which can implement this invention. Examples of the dedicated device include a karaoke device, a game device, and a portable communication terminal such as a mobile phone. When a portable communication terminal is adopted, not only when a predetermined function is completed with only the terminal, but a part of the function is provided on the server side, and the predetermined function is realized as a whole system composed of the terminal and the server. You may make it do. Alternatively, it may be constructed on a general-purpose personal computer.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control function configuration of the automatic performance device of the present embodiment. In the figure, the music data 10a and the performance operator 1 are shown for convenience of explanation, although they are not included in the control function.

  As shown in the figure, the automatic performance device according to the present embodiment reads out and reproduces (automatic performance) the music data 10a stored in the external storage device 10, and based on the determination result of the coincidence determination unit 22. Then, the reproduction control unit 21 (corresponding to the CPU 5) for controlling the reproduction mode and the performance performed by the performer using the performance operator 1 and the automatic performance by the reproduction control unit 21 are determined, A coincidence determination unit 22 (corresponding to the CPU 5) that transmits the determination result to the reproduction control unit 21, and a repeat designation unit 23 (corresponding to the CPU 5) that specifies a repetitive section that is a partial section during automatic performance by the reproduction control unit 21. And).

  As will be described below, the playback control unit 21 controls the playback mode of the music data 10a based on various parameters, so that the player can freely set the values of these various parameters. It is preferable to keep it. In this case, a parameter setting unit 24 (corresponding to the setting operator 2, the CPU 5, and the display device 9) may be provided so that the player can set a desired parameter value using the parameter setting unit 24. However, since the parameter value may be a fixed value that cannot be set freely, in that sense, it is not an essential component of the present invention. Therefore, the parameter setting unit 24 is displayed with a broken line.

  Hereinafter, main parameters used by the automatic performance device of the present embodiment will be described in order.

  (1) TCmax: a parameter indicating the maximum value for changing the tempo of automatic performance. As TCmax, for example, a value within a range of 100 to 200% (the default value is 100%, for example) can be set.

  (2) TCmin: a parameter indicating a minimum value for changing the tempo of automatic performance. As the TCmin, for example, a value within the range of 1 to 100% (the default value is, for example, 50%) can be set.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the contents of the following parameters (3) to (6). The parameters (3) to (6) will be described with reference to this diagram.

  (3) LSbefore: a parameter that defines how far the start of the lesson range including the note-on timing (rising edge of the note-on event) of each note event of the automatic performance data is from the note-on timing. LSbefore For example, a value within the range of 0 to 500 ms (the default value is, for example, 300 ms) can be set.

  (4) LSafeter: A parameter that defines how far from the note-on timing the end of the lesson range including the rise of each key-on event of the automatic performance data is, and LSafeter is, for example, within a range of 0 to 500 ms. A value (the default value is, for example, 300 ms) can be set. Here, the lesson range is a range in which a match between a performer's performance and an automatic performance is determined. That is, only when the performer presses a key within the lesson range, the coincidence between the key press and the automatic performance is determined.

  (5) OTbefore: a parameter that defines how far the start of the on-time range including the rise of each key-on event of the automatic performance data is from the note-on timing. OTbefore is, for example, in the range of 0 to 500 ms. (The default value is, for example, 30 ms).

  (6) OTafter: a parameter that defines the distance from the note-on timing to the end of the on-time range including the rise of each key-on event of the automatic performance data. (The default value is, for example, 30 ms). Here, the on-time range is a range in which the player's key depression and the automatic performance key-on are considered to be at the same timing. In other words, if the performer presses the key within the on-time range, it is considered that the key press is made at the same timing as the key-on of the automatic performance. However, if the pitch of the key press is different from the pitch of the corresponding key-on event of the automatic performance, the key press is not a correct key press as a result of the match determination.

  (7) NOKEY: This parameter indicates whether or not to perform tempo deceleration control of automatic performance when the performer cannot press the key within the lesson range. NOKEY is “1” (tempo control is performed). ) Or “0” (tempo control is not performed) (default value is “1”, for example).

  (8) NOKEYdelay: A parameter that indicates how much the delay is considered to be equivalent to a late keystroke when the player cannot press the key within the lesson range. For example, a value within a range of 0 to 500 ms (the default value is, for example, 300 ms) can be set.

  (9) TCup: a parameter indicating the degree of tempo of automatic performance to be returned every time the key is pressed, and TCup is a value within a range of 0 to 100%, for example (the default value is 2.50, for example) %) Can be set.

  (10) MEAS: a parameter indicating whether or not the tempo of automatic performance is changed in units of bars, and the number of bars when changing in units of bars. MEAS is a value within a range of 0 to 16, for example (default The value can be set to 0 (for example, tempo change is not performed in units of measures).

  (11) BEAT: a parameter indicating whether or not to change the tempo of automatic performance in beat units, and the number of beats when changing in beat units. BEAT is a value within a range of 0 to 16, for example (default) For example, the value can be set to 0 (tempo change is not performed in beat units).

  (12) REPEAT: repeats automatic performance between points A and B (points where performance has advanced from point A) set in the automatic performance section (hereinafter referred to as “repeat section”) A- This parameter indicates whether or not the tempo change is performed when returning from the B point to the A point when the B repeat performance mode is selected. REPEAT has “1” (tempo change from the B point to the A point). (Can be performed when returning to point A) or “0” (no tempo change is performed when returning from point B to point A) (the default value is, for example, “1”).

  (13) LOOP: During automatic performance, for example, when a loopback button (not shown) included in the setting operator 2 is pressed, a predetermined section including the pressed position (the beginning is called a “loop start point”, This parameter indicates whether or not to change the tempo when returning from the loop end point to the loop start point when the loopback performance mode is selected. , LOOP is “1” (changes the tempo when returning from the loop end point to the loop start point) or “0” (does not change the tempo when returning from the loop end point to the loop start point) Either (the default value is “1”, for example) can be set.

  (14) NOTE: A parameter indicating the number of notes that must be processed in order to change the tempo of automatic performance. As NOTE, for example, a value in the range of 0 to 16 (the default value is 1, for example) Can be set.

  (15) NOTERESET: Indicates whether or not to reset the note counter (software counter secured at a predetermined position in the RAM 7) at the change timing when the automatic performance tempo is changed in units of measures / beats. The parameter, NOTEreset, can be set to either “1” (resets the note number counter) or “0” (does not reset the note number counter) (the default value is, for example, “1”).

  (16) TABLEB: A table that associates the degree of speed when the key is pressed earlier than the on-time range and the amount of change that slows down the tempo of automatic performance according to this, and TABLEB is, for example, 10 ms. : 0.50%, 20ms: 0.50%, 30ms: 0.50%, 40ms: 1.00%, and so on.

  (17) TABLEA: A table that correlates the degree of delay when the key depression is slower than the on-time range and the amount of change for slowing down the automatic performance tempo accordingly. For example, 10 ms: 0.50%, 20 ms: 0.50%, 30 ms: 0.50%, 40 ms: 1.00%,... Are set.

  The control process executed by the automatic performance apparatus configured as described above will be first described in outline, and then described in detail with reference to FIGS.

The automatic performance device according to the present embodiment has the following three performance modes. When the performer selects any one of the performance modes, the performance and the automatic performance of the performer are performed in a performance mode corresponding to the performance mode. And the tempo of the automatic performance is changed according to the comparison result. That is, the performance mode is
(I) normal performance mode (ii) AB repeat performance mode (iii) loopback performance mode. Hereinafter, performance modes corresponding to these performance modes will be described in order.

  The normal performance mode (i) is to play music data to be automatically played (one selected by the performer, for example, when there are a plurality of pieces of music data) from the beginning to the end and played once. Mode. When the performer performs in accordance with the automatic performance, the automatic performance apparatus of the present embodiment compares the performance of the performer with the automatic performance, and changes the tempo of the automatic performance according to the comparison result.

  The AB repeat performance mode (ii) refers to the AB repeat switch (see FIG. 5) included in the setting operator 2, for example, during the automatic performance when the normal performance mode (i) is selected. In this mode, a repeat section (the beginning is the point A and the end is the point B) set in advance in a part of the music data is repeatedly played. Even in this (ii) AB repeat performance mode, the automatic performance device of the present embodiment compares the performance of the performer with the automatic performance and changes the tempo of the automatic performance according to the comparison result. The timing for changing the tempo is varied according to the value of the parameter REPEAT in (12). That is, when REPEAT = 1, the tempo change is not performed in the repeat section, and the tempo change is performed only when returning from the B point to the A point, whereas when REPEAT = 0, the tempo change is performed in the repeat section. When changing from point B to point A, the changed tempo is returned to the initial value (default value).

  The loopback performance mode of (iii) is that the player performs, for example, a loopback switch (not shown) included in the setting operator 2 during the automatic performance when the (i) normal performance mode is selected. Press to return from that point, that is, the loop end point, by a preset interval (the point is the loop start point), and repeatedly play between the loop start point and the loop end point, that is, the loop interval Mode. Even in this (iii) loopback performance mode, the automatic performance device of the present embodiment compares the performance of the performer with the automatic performance, and changes the tempo of the automatic performance according to the comparison result. ) Similar to the AB repeat performance mode, the timing for changing the tempo is varied according to the value of the parameter LOOP in (13). That is, when LOOP = 1, the tempo is not changed in the loop section, but only when the loop end point returns to the loop start point, while when LOOP = 0, the tempo is changed in the loop section. Changes are made, and when the loop end point is returned to the loop start point, the changed tempo is returned to the initial value (default value).

  In order to shift from (ii) AB repeat performance mode or (iii) loopback performance mode to (i) normal performance mode, for example, a normal performance switch (not shown) included in the setting operation element 2 is used. Just push it. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and when the player's performance improves in (ii) AB repeat performance mode or (iii) loopback performance mode and exceeds a certain standard, (i) the normal performance mode is automatically entered. You may make it transfer.

  Further, (ii) in the AB repeat performance mode, the loop section is a preset section, but this section may be (i) freely performable by the performer in the normal performance mode ( For example, the entire music data to be subjected to automatic performance is displayed, and the A point and the B point can be designated by an operator (not shown), or the AB repeat switch is set to 2 during automatic performance. The playback position when the first press is set as the A point, the playback position when the second press is set as the B point, etc.) It may be automatically determined from the comparison result, and the section may be settable.

  Further, (iii) in the loopback performance mode, the section length to be looped back is set to a preset section length. However, the section length may be freely settable by the performer, and is not sufficiently mastered. The section may be automatically determined from the comparison result between the performer's performance and the automatic performance, and the section length including the section may be set.

  Furthermore, in (ii) the AB repeat performance mode and (iii) the loopback performance mode, the unskilled interval automatically determined is displayed on, for example, the display device 9 and clearly shown to the performer. You may do it.

  Next, this control process will be described in detail.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the main routine executed by the automatic performance device of the present embodiment, particularly the CPU 5. This main routine is constituted by the following processing. That is,
(A) Parameter setting process (step S1)
(B) Performance operator processing (step S2)
(C) Automatic performance processing (step S3)
(D) Other processing (step S4)
It is.

  In the parameter setting process (a), when the performer selects one of the parameters (1) to (17) using the setting operator 2 and instructs to change the value, the change instruction is given. Set the value to the value of the parameter. In the present embodiment, all the parameters (1) to (17) can be set by the performer. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and only a part of the parameters can be set by the performer. May be fixedly set only by the manufacturer. Further, all the parameters (1) to (17) may be fixedly set only by the manufacturer. In this case, since (a) parameter setting processing is unnecessary, it may be deleted. That is, the case where the parameter setting unit 24 of FIG. 2 is not an essential component of the present invention corresponds to this case.

  The detailed procedure of the performance operator process (b) is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the performance operator process is composed of a key-on process and a key-off process.

The key-on process corresponds to steps S22 to S25. When the performer presses the key, first, the tone generator circuit 13 is instructed to generate a musical tone signal of the key press pitch (steps S21 → S22), and then the key press pitch and key press timing are determined. Then, it is determined whether the pitch of the automatic performance corresponding to the key depression and the reproduction timing coincide with each other (step S23). In the coincidence determination in step S23, first, it is determined whether or not the key pressing timing is included in the lesson range of FIG. 3, and if it is included in the lesson range, then in FIG. It is determined whether it is included in the on-time range. as a result,
(A) The key pressing timing is within the lesson range & (and) on-time range (B) The key pressing timing is within the lesson range & on-time range (C) The key pressing timing is within the lesson range & on-time After the range (D) One of four types of key pressing timings outside the lesson range is determined.

  At this time, the matching of the pitches is also determined. As a result, if the key pressing pitch does not match the corresponding automatic performance pitch, the key pressing is invalid. The case where the key press is invalid is not considered.

  In the case of (A), it is determined that the key is pressed at the regular timing. In the case of (B), the key is pressed earlier than the normal timing. At the same time, the time difference between the head of the on-time range, that is, the time indicated by the parameter OTbefore in (5) and the key pressing timing is detected. It is determined that the key was depressed late, and the time difference between the end of the on-time range, that is, the time indicated by the parameter OTafter in (6) and the key depression timing is detected. It is determined that the key is pressed out of the lesson range.

  Next, a tempo change value indicating how much the tempo of the automatic performance is to be changed is determined according to the result of the coincidence determination (step S24). Specifically, in the case of (A) above, if the current tempo change value does not reach the value indicated by the parameter TCmax in (1), the current tempo change value is ) Is added to the value indicated by the parameter TCup to obtain a new tempo change value. In the case of (B) above, a value corresponding to the detected time difference is searched from the parameter (table) TABLEB in (16), and the search value is subtracted from the current tempo change value to obtain a new tempo change. Value. In the case of (C), a value corresponding to the detected time difference is searched from the parameter (table) TABLEA in (17), and the search value is subtracted from the current tempo change value to obtain a new tempo change. Value (value that slows down the tempo). In the case of (D) above, if the parameter NOKEY = 1 in (7) above, it corresponds to the value indicated by the parameter NOKEYdelay in (8) from the parameter (table) TABLEA in (16). The value to be searched is searched, and the search value is subtracted from the current tempo change value to obtain a new tempo change value.

  Next, as the number of notes specified by the parameter NOTE of (14) elapses, the parameter MEAS = 0 of (10) (tempo change is not performed in units of bars) & the parameter BEAT = 0 of (11) If the tempo change is not performed in units of beats, the current tempo is changed to the tempo change value determined in step S24 (step S25). However, in the state where the AB repeat performance mode is selected, the parameter REPEAT = 1 (performed when the tempo change is returned from the B point to the A point) or the loopback performance mode is selected. If any one of the parameters LOOP = 1 (change the tempo at the time of loopback) is established, the tempo change in step S25 is not performed.

  FIGS. 8 to 14 are diagrams showing how the tempo change timing changes in the normal performance mode, the AB repeat performance mode, and the loopback performance mode when the values of various parameters are changed. It is. 8 to 14, in the AB repeat performance mode, the repeat section is set to 4 bars, and in the loopback performance mode, the loop section is set to the same 4 bars as the repeat section. This is simply selected as such for the sake of convenience, and the repeat section and the loop section usually differ in section length and position. In addition, as for the music data in the normal performance mode, only a part of the music data (music data in the repeat section and the loop section) is illustrated.

  In the example of FIG. 8, since MEAS = 0, BEAT = 0, and NOTE = 1, the tempo change is performed for each note event in the normal performance mode. In the example of FIG. 9, since MEAS = 0, BEAT = 0, and NOTE = 2, the tempo change is performed every two note events in the normal performance mode. 10 to 14, at least one of the parameter MEAS and the parameter BEAT is “1”. In this case, the tempo change is not performed in step S25, but is performed in step S42 of FIG. When describing the processing in step S42, the examples of FIGS. 10 to 14 will also be described.

  On the other hand, the key-off process corresponds to step S27. When the performer releases the key, the tone generator circuit 13 is instructed to mute the musical sound that is being generated, corresponding to the key release (steps S26 → S27).

The detailed procedure of the automatic performance process (c) is described in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the automatic performance process is configured to perform various processes based on the time counted by the timer 8 started when the automatic performance is started. Specifically, the timer 8
(I) When the beginning of the lesson range / on-time range is counted (II) When note-on timing / note-off timing of the note event is counted (III) End of the lesson range / end-time range When measuring (IV) When measuring bar / beat position (V) When measuring point B in AB repeat performance mode / when looping end in loopback performance mode (VI) Measuring the end of the song Each process described below is performed according to each case.

  In the above (I), the timer 8 is at the beginning of the lesson range, that is, the time indicated by the parameter LSbefore of (3) before the note on timing of the note event, or at the beginning of the on time range, that is, the note of the event. When the time before the time indicated by the parameter OTbefore of (5) is counted from the on-timing, the time after that is set as the lesson range / on-time range (steps S32 → S33). The reason why the lesson range / on-time range is set in this manner is that, as described above, in step S23 of FIG. 5, the match determination is made based on the lesson range / on-time range. is there.

  When the timer 8 in (II) measures the note-on timing of the note event, that is, the sounding timing, or the note-off timing, that is, the mute timing, the sounding process is performed based on the note event (performance data). / Mute the sound. Specifically, in the sound generation process, the tone generator circuit 13 is instructed to generate a tone signal of pitch, tone length and velocity corresponding to the note event, and in the mute process, the tone signal already generated is generated. Among them, the sound source circuit 13 is instructed to mute the musical sound signal corresponding to the note event.

  The timer 8 of (III) is the end of the lesson range, that is, after the time indicated by the parameter LSafe of (4) after the note on timing of the note event, or the end of the on time range, that is, the note event. When the time indicated by the parameter OTafter (6) is counted from the note-on timing, the set lesson range / on-time range is canceled (steps S36 → S37). In this way, as shown in FIG. 3, the range from the LSbefore time before the note-on timing to the LSafter time after the note-on timing is set as the lesson range, and the note-on time from the OTbefore time before the note-on timing. The range from the timing to the time after OTAfter time is set as the on-time range.

  Next, when the current time is outside the lesson range and the parameter NOKEY of (7) is 1 (the tempo is changed even if the player cannot press the key within the lesson range), and the key is pressed correctly within the lesson range. If there is not, a value corresponding to the value indicated by the parameter NOKEYdelay in (8) is searched from the parameter (table) TABLEA in (16), and the search value is subtracted from the current tempo change value, A new tempo change value is set (step S39). Then, the same process as step S25 of FIG. 5 is performed (step S40). In this way, when the parameter NOKEY is set to “1”, even if the performer cannot press the key within the lesson range, the tempo is controlled under a predetermined condition.

  When the timer 8 of (IV) measures the bar / beat position, the number of notes specified by the parameter NOTE of (14) has elapsed, and the parameter MEAS / (11) of (10) has elapsed. When the number of measures / beats specified by the parameter BEAT has elapsed, the current tempo is changed to the tempo change value determined in step S24 of FIG. 5 (or step S39) (step S41 → S42). However, in the state where the AB repeat performance mode is selected, the parameter REPEAT = 1 (performed when the tempo change is returned from the B point to the A point) or the loopback performance mode is selected. If any one of the parameters LOOP = 1 (change tempo is performed during loopback) is established, the tempo change in step S42 is not performed. Next, when the parameter NOTEreset of (15) is 1, the number of notes currently being counted is reset (step S43).

  In the example of FIG. 10, since MEAS = 1, BEAT = 0, NOTE = 0, and NOTEreset = 1, the tempo change is performed for each measure in the normal performance mode. Further, in the example of FIG. 10, since LOOP = 0, the tempo change is performed for each measure in the loop section in the loopback performance mode as in the normal performance mode.

  In the example shown in FIG. 11, MEAS = 0, BEAT = 1, NOTE = 0, and NOTEreset = 1. Therefore, in the normal performance mode, the tempo is changed every beat. Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 11, since REPEAT = 0, the tempo change is performed for each beat in the repeat section even during the AB repeat performance mode, as in the normal performance mode.

  In the example of FIG. 12, since MEAS = 2, BEAT = 3, NOTE = 0, and NOTEreset = 1, the tempo is changed every 3 beats and every 2 bars in the normal performance mode. However, the beat count is always reset when the tempo changes in a measure. This process is not described during the automatic performance process, but is a parameter similar to the parameter NOTEreset, and a parameter for setting whether or not to reset the beat counter is provided. Similarly, a process for resetting the beat counter when the value of this parameter is “1” may be added after step S43, for example.

  In the example of FIG. 13, MEAS = 1, BEAT = 0, NOTE = 4, and NOTERESET = 1, so that in the normal performance mode, the count value of the note number counter has reached the specified number of notes (= 4). For example, the tempo change is performed for each measure. However, since NOTEreset = 1, the note number counter is always reset when changing the tempo in a measure. In the example of FIG. 14, MEAS = 1, BEAT = 0, NOTE = 5, NOTERESET = 0, so that in the normal performance mode, the count value of the note number counter has reached the specified number of notes (= 5). For example, the tempo change is performed for each measure. However, since NOTEreset = 0, the note number counter is not reset when changing the tempo in a measure.

  When the timer 8 of (V) times the loop end point in the AB repeat performance mode and the B end / loop back performance mode, the automatic performance playback point is set to the A point / loop start point, respectively. Return (step S44 → S45). Further, when REPEAT / LOOP = 1, the current tempo is changed to the tempo change value determined in step S24 of FIG. 5 (or step S39), and REPEAT / LOOP = 0. In this case, the current tempo is returned to the default value (step S46).

  In the example of FIG. 10, since REPEAT = 1, in the AB repeat performance mode, when the automatic performance returns from the B point to the A point in the repeat section, the current tempo is set to each note event in the repeat section. And the tempo change value determined based on the accumulated result of the match determination with each performance of the performer corresponding thereto, and in the next AB repeat performance, the tempo is changed over the entire repeat section. In the same way, when the automatic performance returns from the B point to the A point, the current tempo is changed to the tempo change value determined based on the cumulative determination result. Thereafter, the same processing is repeated until the AB repeat performance mode is canceled. In the example of FIG. 10, MEAS = 1, BEAT = 0, LOOP = 0, NOTE = 0, and NOTEreset = 1. Therefore, in the loopback performance mode, the tempo is changed for each measure as described above. However, when returning to the loop start point, the current tempo returns to the default value.

  When the timer 8 of (VI) times the end of the song, the reproduction of the song is stopped (steps S47 → S48).

  In the other processing of (d), when the performer presses a play button / stop button (not shown) included in the setting operator 2, for example, automatic performance is started / stopped, or the current tempo is set. When a default tempo value is set, when the performer presses the AB repeat switch, the mode is shifted to the AB repeat performance mode, or when the performer presses the loop back switch, Shift to the back performance mode.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, since the AB repeat performance mode and the loopback performance mode are provided, it is possible to practice carefully by repeating the places where performance cannot be performed well, thereby improving the practice effect. .

  In addition, when the parameter REPEAT is provided and the AB repeat performance mode is selected and REPEAT = 1, the tempo is practiced at a constant tempo in the repeat section, and when the repeat returns to the beginning from the end of the repeat section. Since the tempo value is changed to a value determined based on the practice result, it is possible to perform a performance practice with a constant tempo in the repeat section, and also use the practice result for the next performance practice. In addition, when REPEAT = 0 in the state where the AB repeat performance mode is selected, the tempo value is changed to the tempo value determined based on the practice result even within the repeat section, and when returning from the end of the repeat section to the beginning. Since the changed tempo is returned to the tempo before the change, the performance in the repeat section can be practiced at the player's pace, and this can be repeated many times. In other words, the repeat section can be practiced many times under the same tempo conditions.

  Also, when the parameter LOOP is provided and the loopback performance mode is selected and LOOP = 1, the practice is performed with the tempo kept constant in the loop section, and when the loop section returns from the end to the beginning. Since the tempo value is changed to the tempo value determined based on the performance, the performance practice can be performed at a constant tempo in the loop section, and the practice result can be used for the next performance practice. In addition, when LOOP = 0 with the loopback performance mode selected, the tempo value is changed to the tempo value determined based on the practice results even within the loop interval, and is changed when returning from the end of the loop interval to the beginning. Since the set tempo is returned to the tempo before the change, the performance can be practiced at the player's pace in the loop section, and this can be repeated many times. In other words, the loop section can be practiced many times under the same tempo conditions.

  In the present embodiment, the performance guide is not particularly performed during automatic performance. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a function for guiding a performance operator to be operated is provided. You may make it use together with practice. Furthermore, a function for scoring performance results may be provided, and used together with performance practice according to the player's preference.

  A program in which a storage medium storing software program codes for realizing the functions of the above-described embodiments is supplied to a system or apparatus, and a computer (or CPU 5 or MPU) of the system or apparatus is stored in the storage medium. It goes without saying that the object of the present invention can also be achieved by reading and executing the code.

  In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium realizes the novel function of the present invention, and the storage medium storing the program code constitutes the present invention.

  As a storage medium for supplying the program code, for example, a flexible disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD + RW, magnetic A tape, a non-volatile memory card, a ROM, or the like can be used. Further, the program code may be supplied from a server computer via a communication network.

  Further, by executing the program code read by the computer, not only the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized, but also the OS running on the computer based on the instruction of the program code performs the actual processing. It goes without saying that a case where the functions of the above-described embodiment are realized by performing part or all of the above and the processing thereof is included.

  Further, after the program code read from the storage medium is written into a memory provided in a function expansion board inserted into the computer or a function expansion unit connected to the computer, the function expansion is performed based on the instruction of the program code. It goes without saying that the case where the CPU 5 or the like provided in the board or the function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing and the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized by the processing.

It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the automatic performance apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the control function structure of the automatic performance apparatus of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the content of the one part parameter among the parameters used with the automatic performance apparatus of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the main routine which the automatic performance apparatus of FIG. 1, especially CPU performs. 5 is a flowchart showing a detailed procedure of a performance operator processing subroutine included in the main routine of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the detailed procedure of the automatic performance processing subroutine contained in the main routine of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the continuation of the automatic performance processing subroutine of FIG. When MEAS = 0, BEAT = 0, REPEAT = 1, LOOP = 1, NOTE = 1, NOTERESET = 1, the tempo change timing in the normal performance mode, AB repeat performance mode, and loopback performance mode It is a figure which shows how it changes. When MEAS = 0, BEAT = 0, REPEAT = 0, LOOP = 0, NOTE = 2, and NOTERESET = 1, the tempo change timing in the normal performance mode, the AB repeat performance mode, and the loopback performance mode It is a figure which shows how it changes. When MEAS = 1, BEAT = 0, REPEAT = 1, LOOP = 0, NOTE = 0, NOTERESET = 1, the tempo change timing in the normal performance mode, the AB repeat performance mode, and the loopback performance mode It is a figure which shows how it changes. When MEAS = 0, BEAT = 1, REPEAT = 0, LOOP = 1, NOTE = 0, NOTERESET = 1, the tempo change timing in the normal performance mode, AB repeat performance mode, and loopback performance mode It is a figure which shows how it changes. When MEAS = 2, BEAT = 3, REPEAT = 1, LOOP = 1, NOTE = 0, NOTERESET = 1, the tempo change timing in the normal performance mode, the AB repeat performance mode, and the loopback performance mode is It is a figure which shows how it changes. When MEAS = 1, BEAT = 0, REPEAT = 1, LOOP = 1, NOTE = 4, NOTERESET = 1, the tempo change timing in the normal performance mode, AB repeat performance mode, and loopback performance mode It is a figure which shows how it changes. When MEAS = 1, BEAT = 0, REPEAT = 1, LOOP = 1, NOTE = 5, NOTERESET = 0, the tempo change timing in the normal performance mode, AB repeat performance mode, and loopback performance mode It is a figure which shows how it changes.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Performance operator, 2 ... Setting operator (selection means), 5 ... CPU (automatic performance means, comparison means, tempo change means, selection means), 9 ... Display apparatus (selection means)

Claims (2)

A selection means for selecting one of a normal performance mode and a partial section repeated performance mode;
When the normal performance mode is selected by the selection means, the automatic performance of the fully automatic performance section is performed based on the supplied automatic performance data, while the partial section repeat performance mode is selected by the selection means. Automatic performance means for performing an automatic performance based on the supplied automatic performance data so as to repeat the automatic performance of a predetermined partial section of the fully automatic performance sections;
A performance operator for the performer to operate;
A comparison means for comparing a performance performed by a performer using the performance operator with an automatic performance by the automatic performance means;
Tempo changing means for changing the tempo of the automatic performance according to the comparison result by the comparing means,
When the normal performance mode is selected, the tempo changing means sequentially changes the tempo during the automatic performance according to the comparison result, while the partial section repeated performance mode is selected. Sometimes, when the automatic performance of the partial section is repeated, the tempo is not changed during the automatic performance of the partial section, and when the automatic performance returns to the beginning of the partial section, An automatic performance device characterized by changing the tempo. A selection procedure for selecting one of a normal performance mode and a partial section repeat performance mode;
When the normal performance mode is selected according to the selection procedure, the automatic performance of the fully automatic performance section is performed based on the supplied automatic performance data, while the partial section repeat performance mode is selected according to the selection procedure. An automatic performance procedure for performing an automatic performance based on the supplied automatic performance data so as to repeat an automatic performance of a predetermined partial section of the fully automatic performance sections;
A comparison procedure for comparing the performance performed by the performer using the performance operator and the automatic performance by the automatic performance procedure;
A program for causing a computer to execute a tempo change procedure for changing the tempo of the automatic performance according to the comparison result of the comparison procedure,
In the tempo change procedure, when the normal performance mode is selected, the tempo is sequentially changed during the automatic performance according to the comparison result, while the partial section repeated performance mode is selected. Sometimes, when the automatic performance of the partial section is repeated, the tempo is not changed during the automatic performance of the partial section, and when the automatic performance returns to the beginning of the partial section, A program characterized by changing the tempo.

Images