JP2008099325A - 画像符号化におけるランダム・アクセス及び段階的画像更新に対する方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】画像シーケンスに対するランダム・アクセス及びそれの段階的更新を提供するための方法及び関連する装置。分離領域、柔軟マクロブロック順序、及びスライス境界におけるループ・フィルタの停止の利用によって、段階的復号器更新が可能となる。ランダム・アクセス操作の信頼できる検出に対する、及びリーディング・フレーム及び開復号器更新(ODR)ピクチャの信頼できる伝達に対する、機構もまた提供される。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、2002年7月16日に出願の出願番号第60/396,200号の優先権を主張する。
本発明は、符号化画像シーケンスにおける画像のランダム・アクセス及び段階的更新を実現するための新しい方法を導入する。特に、本発明は、H.264画像符号化規格の開発の間に提案された段階的復号器更新の方法に基づいており、H.264画像コーデックに関連するGDRに対する実用的な具体化を提案する。しかしながら、本発明は、H.264規格の範囲内の適用に決して限定されず、イントラ及びインター符号化フレームの組み合わせを用いて画像シーケンスが符号化され、H.264で用いられているのと類似のシンタックスを採用する、その他の画像符号化規格に適用することができることを理解されたい。
1. 新しい分離領域は、以前のIREG GOPからの予測を避ける必要がある。
2. 使い残し領域に対しては、信頼できるフレームの前のフレームにおける使い残し領域を参照する予測及び以前のIREG GOPより時間的に前のフレームにおける任意のブロックを参照する予測は、避けるべきである。この2つの要請を満たすために、上述したものと類似の適切な基準フレーム制限及び動きベクトル制限を適用する。
1. ラスター走査:分離領域の第1のマクロブロックは、画像の左上のマクロブロックである。分離領域は、ラスター走査の順序で成長する。
2. 逆ラスター走査:分離領域の第1のマクロブロックは、画像の右下のマクロブロックである。分離領域は、逆ラスター走査の順序で成長する。
3. 右へ一掃:分離領域の第1のマクロブロックは、画像の左上のマクロブロックである。分離領域は、上から下へ成長する。列の最下部マクロブロックの後ろの次のマクロブロックは、前の列の右側にある列の上部マクロブロックである。
4. 左へ一掃:分離領域の第1のマクロブロックは、画像の右下のマクロブロックである。分離領域は、下から上へ成長する。列の最上部マクロブロックの後ろの次のマクロブロックは、前の列の左側にある列の底部マクロブロックである。
5. 時計回りにブロック:左上のマクロブロックに原点を有する(x,y)座標系を用い、マクロブロックの粒状度を有し、画像の符号化マクロブロックの行数を意味するのにHを用い、画像の符号化マクロブロックの列数を意味するのにWを用い、分離領域の第1のマクロブロックは、座標(x0,y0)=(W/2,H/2)を有するマクロブロックである。「/」は切り捨てによる除算を意味する。
6. 反時計回りにブロック:上述の5個で導入されたのと同じ座標系、変数、及び算術操作の定義を用い、分離領域の第1のマクロブロックは、座標(x0,y0)=((W−1)/2,(H−1)/2)を有するマクロブロックである。成長の順序は、図4に示したものと同様であるが、反時計回り方向である。
1. ODRピクチャからのランダム・アクセス操作後に、復号化過程を開始又は再開することができる。
2. ODRピクチャは、Iスライス又はSIスライスのみを含む。
3. ODR NALユニットは、スライスEBSPを含む。
4. ODR NALユニット・タイプを、ODRピクチャの符号化マクロブロック・データを含む全てのNALユニットに対して用いる。
1. GDRピクチャからのランダム・アクセス操作後に、復号化過程を開始又は再開することができる。
2. GDRピクチャは、あらゆる符号化タイプで符号化することができる。
3. GDR NALユニット・タイプを、GDRピクチャの符号化マクロブロック・データを含む全てのNALユニットに対して用いる。
1. 復号化順序において以前のODRピクチャから復号化過程を開始して、現在の画像とODRピクチャとの間には復号化順序においてIDRピクチャが現れなかった場合に、復号化されないことになる画像を、leading_picture_flagは信号伝達する。
2. ODRピクチャをランダムにアクセスする場合に正確に再構成することができないフレームを復号化せずに、表示の順序において時間的に以前の画像に対する動き補償基準として用いられるODRピクチャに対するランダム・アクセスを、leading_picture_flagは可能とする。
1. GDRピクチャ又はODRピクチャのサブシーケンス識別子が以前に受け取ったサブシーケンス識別子と異なる場合に、復号器は、GDR又はODR更新動作を推論し、最大持続フレーム・インデックスを0にリセットする。
2. ODR動作がODRピクチャから始まった場合であり、ODRピクチャ又はIDRピクチャが最初のODRピクチャ以来復号化されなかった場合に、「1」に等しいleading_picture_flagを有する画像は、復号化しない。
3. GDR動作がGDRピクチャから始まった場合に、復号器は任意の使い残し領域を復号化せず、使い残し領域を受け取らないならばデータの損失を推論しない。
Claims (8)
- 符号化画像シーケンスへのランダム・アクセスに関連して画像内容の段階的更新を実行するための方法であって、前記画像シーケンスは、多数の画像フレームで構成され、各フレームの前記画像内容は、少なくとも非時間的予測フォーマット及び時間的予測フォーマットの一方で符号化され、前記段階的更新は、前記画像フレームによって表現される画像領域内に領域を規定することによって実現され、前記画像シーケンスの各符号化フレームが前記ランダム・アクセスの後に復号化されるにつれて、前記領域の前記画像内容を漸進的に更新し、2以上のフレーム時間にわたって所定の方法で前記領域を漸進的に進展させて、前記画像フレームによって表現される全画像領域を覆い、それにより、前記画像内容の完全な更新を与えることを特徴とする方法。
- 前記ランダム・アクセスは、時間的予測フォーマットで符号化されたフレームにおいて生じることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ランダム・アクセスは、非時間的予測フォーマットで符号化されたフレームにおいて生じることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記領域が進展する前記所定の方法の指示は、前記符号化画像シーケンスを表すビットストリーム内に与えられることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記領域が進展する前記所定の方法の前記指示は、前記領域が進展する方向の指示を含むことを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記領域が進展する前記所定の方法の前記指示は、前記領域があるフレームから次のフレームに成長する量を指定する成長率の指示を含むことを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 成長率の前記指示は、前記領域があるフレームから次のフレームに成長するマクロブロックの個数を指定することを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法を実現するように準備された画像復号器。
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KR20050019864A (ko) | 2005-03-03 |
CN101232616B (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
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CN101232616A (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
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EP1547382A4 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
AU2003251964A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 |
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EP3177020A1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
WO2004008735A3 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
HK1123653A1 (zh) | 2009-06-19 |
BR0312657A (pt) | 2007-06-26 |
US8300690B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
CN1669321A (zh) | 2005-09-14 |
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