JP2008088981A - Piston internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Piston internal combustion engine Download PDF

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JP2008088981A
JP2008088981A JP2007286554A JP2007286554A JP2008088981A JP 2008088981 A JP2008088981 A JP 2008088981A JP 2007286554 A JP2007286554 A JP 2007286554A JP 2007286554 A JP2007286554 A JP 2007286554A JP 2008088981 A JP2008088981 A JP 2008088981A
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conduit
exhaust gas
supply
air
internal combustion
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JP4309446B2 (en
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Niels Kjemtrup
ニルス・クジェントルップ
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MAN Energy Solutions Filial af MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel Filial af MAN Diesel SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F02B29/0437—Liquid cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0221—Details of the water supply system, e.g. pumps or arrangement of valves
    • F02M25/0225—Water atomisers or mixers, e.g. using ultrasonic waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water
    • F02M25/028—Adding water into the charge intakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
    • F02M26/19—Means for improving the mixing of air and recirculated exhaust gases, e.g. venturis or multiple openings to the intake system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames for large diesel engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cause no energy loss or little energy loss besides attaining a high mixing ratio. <P>SOLUTION: An internal combustion engine comprises an exhaust gas collecting part 7 provided downstream of a cylinder 1; a supply air accumulating part 10 provided upstream of the cylinder; a turbocharger 13 whose compressor 12 supplies air to the supply air accumulating part 10 provided with a cooler 16 upstream; and an exhaust gas recycling device allowing exhaust gas to be mixed in the supply air on the compression side of the compressor 12. Exhaust gas mixing is performed upstream of the cooler 16 and in a conduit part region, extending from a delivery air current casing 22 of the compressor 12 to the cooler 16, of an air supply conduit 11. A conduit part 11b of the conduit 11 is connectable to a conduit 18 for supplying exhaust gas, and encircled by an annular reserve storage chamber 29 formed of a case 30 independent of the conduit part 11b. The conduit part 11b has an opening 28 which is provided with a narrow part 32, and the storage chamber 29 is provided in a region of the narrow part 32. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、少なくとも一つのシリンダを有し、該シリンダの下流側には、排気ガス収集部が設けられるとともに、上流側には給気蓄積部が設けられ、さらに少なくとも一つの排気ターボ過給機を有し、該排気ターボ過給機のタービンには、上記排気ガス収集部からの排気ガスが供給可能とされ、排気ターボ過給機の圧縮機は、上流側に給気冷却器が設けられた給気蓄積部に給気を供給するよう構成され、このとき、排気ガスを再利用するための装置が設けられていて、排気ガスが圧縮機の圧縮側において給気に混合可能とされているピストン内燃機関、特に２サイクル大形ディーゼルエンジンに関する。   The present invention has at least one cylinder, an exhaust gas collecting unit is provided on the downstream side of the cylinder, a supply air accumulating unit is provided on the upstream side, and at least one exhaust turbocharger. The exhaust turbocharger turbine can be supplied with exhaust gas from the exhaust gas collecting unit, and the compressor of the exhaust turbocharger is provided with an intake air cooler on the upstream side. In this case, a device for reusing the exhaust gas is provided, and the exhaust gas can be mixed with the supply air on the compression side of the compressor. The present invention relates to a piston internal combustion engine, particularly a two-cycle large diesel engine.

排気ガスの一部を再利用することによってNOXの排出量を低減することができるが、これは望ましいことである。排気ターボ過給機の圧縮機の圧縮側で、給気に排気ガスを混合させる場合、圧縮機、ならびに、この圧縮機を有する排気ターボ過給機全体を小形化することができるという長所がある。しかも、これにより、確実に、傷み易い圧縮機の羽根車が排気ガスに接触しないようになる。 Although it is possible to reduce the emissions of the NO X by reusing a portion of the exhaust gas, which is desirable. When the exhaust gas is mixed with the supply air on the compressor side of the compressor of the exhaust turbocharger, there is an advantage that the compressor and the entire exhaust turbocharger having this compressor can be miniaturized. . In addition, this ensures that the perishable compressor impeller does not come into contact with the exhaust gas.

米国特許第5,611,204号明細書に見られるような冒頭に述べた類の構成においては、給気に排気ガスを混合させるために、給気冷却器の下流側に配置される入射装置が設けられている。しかしながら、給気冷却器の下流側に設けられた部分では、給気は、比較的小さな動圧しか有していない。したがって、上記の入射装置は、排気ガスを給気に混合させるために、給気を強く加速するように働かなければならず、これによりエネルギー損失を招いてしまっている。このため、達成可能な混合比は、その上限が著しく制限されている。
米国特許第5,611,204号明細書 In the configuration of the kind mentioned at the beginning as seen in US Pat. No. 5,611,204, an incident device is provided which is arranged downstream of the charge air cooler in order to mix the exhaust gas with the charge air. Yes. However, in the portion provided on the downstream side of the air supply cooler, the air supply has a relatively small dynamic pressure. Therefore, in order to mix the exhaust gas with the supply air, the above incident device has to work to accelerate the supply air strongly, thereby causing energy loss. For this reason, the upper limit of the achievable mixing ratio is significantly limited.
U.S. Pat.No. 5,611,204

本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、簡易でコストのかからない手段によって、冒頭に述べた類の構成を改善し、高い混合比を得ることができるばかりでなく、エネルギー損失を全く、ないしは殆ど起こさせないようにすることを目的としている。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and not only can improve the structure of the kind described at the beginning by a simple and inexpensive means, but can obtain a high mixing ratio as well as energy loss. The purpose is to prevent this from happening at all.

この課題は、前提部分おいて書き部に記載された類の構成に関して、本発明により、給気への排気ガスの混合が、給気冷却器の上流側で行なわれるように構成されることで解決される。   This problem is related to the type of configuration described in the writing section in the premise, and according to the present invention, the exhaust gas is mixed with the supply air at the upstream side of the supply air cooler. Solved.

給気冷却器の上流側では、給気は、螺旋状の動きをしながら比較的速い速度で動いている。これは、給気が比較的高い動圧を有していることによる。これに反して、静圧は比較的小さい。その一方で、排気ガス収集部内には静圧だけが存在している。このため、わずかではあっても追加的な補助を一切用いることなく、排気ガスを比較的多く混合可能にするに足る十分大きな圧力勾配が得られ、これにより、最初に述べた基本的な長所を特に力強く活かすことができるようになり、それでも、組み立ての手間が比較的かからないままとなる。したがって、本発明に係る解決手段を用いることにより、上述したような従来の構成の欠点が解消され、しかも、その長所がそのまま維持される。こうして、優れた経済性が得られることになる。   On the upstream side of the air supply cooler, the air supply moves at a relatively high speed while moving spirally. This is because the supply air has a relatively high dynamic pressure. On the other hand, the static pressure is relatively small. On the other hand, only a static pressure exists in the exhaust gas collecting part. This results in a pressure gradient that is large enough to allow a relatively large amount of exhaust gas to be mixed without any additional assistance, even if only a small amount of this is required. It can be used particularly powerfully, but it still remains relatively easy to assemble. Therefore, by using the solution according to the present invention, the disadvantages of the conventional configuration as described above are eliminated, and the advantages are maintained as they are. Thus, excellent economic efficiency can be obtained.

上位の解決手段の好ましい実施形態、ならびに、好適な発展態様は、下位請求項に記載されている。かくして、給気への排気ガスの混合が、好適には少なくとも一部、圧縮機の送出気流ケーシングの部分において行なわれるように構成されている。この部分においては、給気の動圧が最も高い。この場合、周回するリブによって、排気ターボ過給機の圧縮機の送出気流ケーシングと吸気用接続ソケット部とを連結することができる。このように構成とすることにより、周回する空間が形成されることになり、この空間が、排気ガスの供給可能な、送出気流ケーシングの内側の空間と連通する予備貯蔵室としての働きを担うことができるようになる。このとき、予備貯蔵室と送出気流ケーシングとの間は、単に共通の壁を貫く穴を設けることによって連通させることができる。このように、本解決手段により、圧縮機のケーシング内に、混合するための構成を組み込むことが可能となる。こうして、付加的な部材を事実上用いることなく実現可能な、最も簡易にしてコストのかからない小形の構成が得られる。   Preferred embodiments of the superior solution, as well as preferred developments, are described in the subclaims. Thus, the exhaust gas is preferably mixed with the supply air at least partially in the portion of the compressor airflow casing. In this part, the dynamic pressure of the supply air is the highest. In this case, the sending airflow casing and the intake connection socket portion of the compressor of the exhaust turbocharger can be connected by the circulating rib. With this configuration, a space that circulates is formed, and this space serves as a reserve storage chamber that can supply exhaust gas and communicate with the space inside the delivery airflow casing. Will be able to. At this time, the preliminary storage chamber and the delivery airflow casing can be communicated by simply providing a hole penetrating the common wall. Thus, this solution means makes it possible to incorporate a configuration for mixing in the casing of the compressor. This provides the simplest and least costly configuration that can be achieved with virtually no additional components.

他の実施形態によれば、リサイクル導管に接続可能な、圧縮機の吸気用接続ソケット部を包囲する環状導管が設けられ、該環状導管には、自身から分かれ出る突出導管を介して、送出気流ケーシングの壁の部分に設けられた混合開口部が取り付けられるようにしてもよい。この実施形態によれば、送出気流ケーシングと吸気用接続ソケット部との間のリブを省くことができるが、これはさらに望ましいことである。   According to another embodiment, there is provided an annular conduit surrounding the intake connection socket of the compressor, which can be connected to the recycle conduit, the annular conduit being connected to the delivery air flow via a protruding conduit separating from itself. You may make it attach the mixing opening provided in the part of the wall of a casing. According to this embodiment, the rib between the delivery airflow casing and the intake connection socket portion can be omitted, which is more desirable.

付加的な、あるいは替わりに用いることができる他の手段として、給気への排気ガスの混合が、少なくとも一部、圧縮機の送出気流ケーシングから給気冷却器へと続く給気導管の一部の領域において行なわれるように構成することができる。給気導管がディフューザを有する場合においては、このディフューザの上流側で混合が行なわれることが好ましい。斯かる解決手段により、混合装置にアクセスしやすくなり、これによって、好ましいことに、機能拡張のための簡単な後付けが可能になる。   As another means that can be used in addition or alternatively, as part of the air supply conduit, the mixing of the exhaust gas to the supply air continues at least in part from the discharge airflow casing of the compressor to the supply air cooler. It can be configured to be performed in the region. In the case where the air supply conduit has a diffuser, it is preferable that the mixing be performed upstream of the diffuser. Such a solution makes it easy to access the mixing device, which preferably allows a simple retrofit for function expansion.

さらなる好適な解決手段として、排気ガスを供給できるリサイクル導管の部分には、調節装置が設けられていてもよい。斯かる構成により、所望の混合比を設定することができる。   As a further preferred solution, the part of the recycle conduit that can be supplied with exhaust gas may be provided with a regulating device. With such a configuration, a desired mixing ratio can be set.

他の好適な解決手段として、給気冷却器は、冷却水を噴射して入れるための噴射ノズルが設けられた直接型冷却器として構成することができる。この構成は、好ましいことに、とりわけ、内部の汚染に対して強く、排気ガスを供給して、これにより給気冷却器の上流側で給気に排気ガスを混合させても、全く問題が生じない。   As another preferred solution, the charge air cooler can be configured as a direct type cooler provided with an injection nozzle for injecting cooling water. This configuration is preferably particularly resistant to internal contamination and causes problems even if exhaust gas is supplied, thereby mixing the exhaust gas with the supply air upstream of the supply air cooler. Absent.

上位の解決手段のさらなる好ましい実施形態、ならびに好適な発展態様は、その他の下位請求項に記載されており、図を参照しながら以下に述べる実施の形態の記載から、より詳細に理解することができる。   Further preferred embodiments of the superordinate solution, as well as preferred developments, are described in other subclaims and can be understood in more detail from the description of the embodiments described below with reference to the drawings. it can.

本発明の主たる応用分野は、ディーゼルエンジン、特に船舶用エンジンといった２サイクル大形ディーゼルエンジンである。この種のエンジンの基本的な構造や仕組みは、良く知られており、したがって本明細書においてこれ以上詳しく説明する必要はない。   The main field of application of the present invention is two-cycle large diesel engines such as diesel engines, in particular marine engines. The basic structure and mechanics of this type of engine are well known and therefore need not be described in further detail here.

図１及び図４には、この種の２サイクル大形ディーゼルエンジンのシリンダ１が示されている。このシリンダ１内には、燃焼室３を画成するピストン２が収納されている。シリンダヘッドの部分には、バルブ４によって制御可能な排気ガス出口７が設けられており、この排気ガス出口７は、排出用接続パイプ６を介してエキゾースト・マニホールドといった排気収集部７に接続されている。この排気収集部７に、本実施形態におけるエンジンの全てのシリンダ１、あるいはさもなければ、少なくとも複数のシリンダ１の組が対応させられるようにして設けられている。   1 and 4 show a cylinder 1 of this type of two-cycle large diesel engine. A piston 2 that defines a combustion chamber 3 is accommodated in the cylinder 1. An exhaust gas outlet 7 that can be controlled by the valve 4 is provided in the cylinder head portion, and this exhaust gas outlet 7 is connected to an exhaust collector 7 such as an exhaust manifold through a discharge connection pipe 6. Yes. The exhaust collecting unit 7 is provided so that all the cylinders 1 of the engine in the present embodiment, or at least a set of a plurality of cylinders 1 can correspond to each other.

シリンダライナの部分に設けられた、ピストン２によって制御可能な掃気ポート８を介して、燃焼室３に給気が供給されるようになっている。掃気ポート８は、供給用接続パイプ９を介してインテーク・マニホールドといった給気蓄積部１０に接続されたリング室に連通している。給気蓄積部１０は、排気収集部７のように、本実施形態におけるエンジンの全てのシリンダ１、あるいはさもなければ、少なくとも一組の複数シリンダ１にわたって設けられている。給気蓄積部１０は、給気導管１１を介して、排気ターボ過給機１３の圧縮機１２の出口に接続されている。ここで、排気ターボ過給機１３のタービン１４には、排気ガスを供給することができ、したがって、タービン１４は、排気導管１５によって排気収集部７に接続されている。   The supply air is supplied to the combustion chamber 3 through a scavenging port 8 provided in the cylinder liner and controllable by the piston 2. The scavenging port 8 communicates with a ring chamber connected to an air supply accumulating unit 10 such as an intake manifold through a supply connection pipe 9. Like the exhaust gas collection unit 7, the air supply accumulation unit 10 is provided over all the cylinders 1 of the engine according to the present embodiment, or over at least one set of the plurality of cylinders 1. The air supply accumulation unit 10 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 12 of the exhaust turbocharger 13 through an air supply conduit 11. Here, exhaust gas can be supplied to the turbine 14 of the exhaust turbocharger 13, and therefore the turbine 14 is connected to the exhaust collector 7 by the exhaust conduit 15.

給気導管１１には、圧縮機１２によって圧縮された給気を冷却するインター・クーラ１６(給気冷却器)が設けられている。インター・クーラ１６は、空冷式ないしは水冷式の熱交換器として構成することができる。本実施形態において、このインター・クーラ１６は、直接型冷却器とされていることが好ましい。この直接型冷却器は、冷却水を噴射して入れるための、水を供給できる複数の噴射ノズル１７を備えている。この噴射ノズル１７の水供給部は、詳細には示されていない。   The air supply conduit 11 is provided with an inter cooler 16 (air supply cooler) that cools the air supplied by the compressor 12. The inter cooler 16 can be configured as an air-cooled or water-cooled heat exchanger. In the present embodiment, the inter cooler 16 is preferably a direct type cooler. The direct type cooler includes a plurality of injection nozzles 17 that can supply water for injecting cooling water. The water supply part of this spray nozzle 17 is not shown in detail.

NOXの排出を抑えるために、排気ガスの一部が再利用される。すなわち、排気ガスの一部は、掃気ポート８へと導かれる給気に混ぜられる。このため、排気ガス収集部７から、あるいは本実施形態のように排気導管１５から分岐したリサイクル導管１８が設けられる。このリサイクル導管１８には、調整可能な遮断弁として形成された調節装置１９が設けられている。この調整装置１９を操作することによって、リサイクル導管１８を通る体積流量、したがって、混合比率を調整することができ、これにより、常に理想的な状態を得ることができる。この給気への排気ガスの混合は、本発明に係る全ての実施形態において、圧縮機１２に対して圧縮側、つまり、圧縮機１２の羽根車の下流側で、しかもインター・クーラ１６の上流側で行なわれる。 A portion of the exhaust gas is reused to reduce NO X emissions. That is, a part of the exhaust gas is mixed with the supply air led to the scavenging port 8. For this reason, a recycle conduit 18 branched from the exhaust gas collector 7 or from the exhaust conduit 15 as in this embodiment is provided. The recycling conduit 18 is provided with a regulating device 19 which is formed as an adjustable shut-off valve. By operating this adjusting device 19, it is possible to adjust the volume flow rate through the recycling conduit 18, and thus the mixing ratio, so that an ideal state can always be obtained. In all the embodiments according to the present invention, the exhaust gas is mixed with the supply air on the compression side of the compressor 12, that is, on the downstream side of the impeller of the compressor 12 and on the upstream side of the inter cooler 16. Done on the side.

図１に示される構成の場合、実線によって示されたリサイクル導管１８は、直に圧縮機１２に導かれている。圧縮機１２は、図２、図３から明らかなように、タービン１４に駆動させるようにして接続された羽根車２０と、この羽根車２０の上流側に設けられ、かつ、詳細には示されていない消音器に取り付けられた吸気用接続ソケット部２１と、羽根車２０の下流側に設けられ、かつ、吸気用接続ソケット部２１を取り囲む螺旋形状のボリュート２２(送出気流ケーシング)とを有している。   In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the recycle conduit 18 indicated by a solid line is led directly to the compressor 12. As apparent from FIGS. 2 and 3, the compressor 12 is provided with an impeller 20 connected so as to be driven by the turbine 14, an upstream side of the impeller 20, and is shown in detail. An intake connection socket portion 21 attached to a silencer that is not installed, and a spiral volute 22 (outflow airflow casing) provided on the downstream side of the impeller 20 and surrounding the intake connection socket portion 21. ing.

図２に示される実施形態において、排気ガスを圧縮機１２に混合させるための装置は、圧縮機１２の中に組み込まれている。この場合、ボリュート２２は、周回するリブ２３によって、中央の吸気用接続ソケット部２１上に支えられている。このようにして、密閉された環状室２４が形成される。この環状室は、リサイクル導管１８に接続され、さらに、環状室自身を仕切っているボリュート２２の壁の部分に好ましくは複数の穴として形成された混合開口部２５を介して、上記ボリュートの内部に延びている気流径路に接続されている。環状室２４は、排気ガスを供給することができ、ボリュート２２に対して設けられた周回する予備貯蔵室としての働きを担っている。リサイクル導管１８の接続部は、リブ２３の部分に設けられることが好ましい。本実施形態において、リブ２３は、リサイクル導管１８がフランジ接続される接続部ソケット２６(排気ガス入り口)を備えている。   In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, an apparatus for mixing exhaust gas into the compressor 12 is incorporated into the compressor 12. In this case, the volute 22 is supported on the intake connection socket portion 21 at the center by a rotating rib 23. In this way, a sealed annular chamber 24 is formed. This annular chamber is connected to the recycling conduit 18 and is further introduced into the interior of the volute via a mixing opening 25 preferably formed as a plurality of holes in the wall portion of the volute 22 that partitions the annular chamber itself. It is connected to the extending air flow path. The annular chamber 24 can supply exhaust gas, and serves as a circulating reserve storage chamber provided for the volute 22. The connection portion of the recycle conduit 18 is preferably provided at a portion of the rib 23. In this embodiment, the rib 23 includes a connection socket 26 (exhaust gas inlet) to which the recycle conduit 18 is flanged.

図３に示される実施形態の場合、吸気用接続ソケット部２１を取り囲み、ボリュート２２に隣接する環状導管３３が設けられている。この環状導管３３は、リサイクル導管１８に接続されている。この実施形態において、環状導管３３は、接続部ソケット３４を備え、この接続部ソケット３４にリサイクル導管１８がフランジ接続されている。さらに、この実施形態においても、ボリュート２２に複数の混合開口部２５が設けられている。これらの混合開口部２５は、環状導管３３に隣接する、ボリュート２２の壁の部分に設けられている。混合開口部２５は、好適には、やはり穴として形成することができ、環状導管３３から分かれ出る複数の突出導管３５を介して環状導管３３に接続されている。この実施形態においては、吸気用接続ソケット部２１とボリュート２２との間のリブを全て、ないしは一部を省くことができる。図３に示す実施形態において、リブ２３は、外周の一部のみに設けられている。   In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, an annular conduit 33 is provided that surrounds the intake connection socket 21 and is adjacent to the volute 22. The annular conduit 33 is connected to the recycling conduit 18. In this embodiment, the annular conduit 33 includes a connection socket 34 to which the recycling conduit 18 is flanged. Furthermore, also in this embodiment, the volute 22 is provided with a plurality of mixing openings 25. These mixing openings 25 are provided in the part of the wall of the volute 22 adjacent to the annular conduit 33. The mixing opening 25 is preferably also formed as a hole and is connected to the annular conduit 33 via a plurality of protruding conduits 35 that diverge from the annular conduit 33. In this embodiment, all or some of the ribs between the intake connection socket portion 21 and the volute 22 can be omitted. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the ribs 23 are provided only on a part of the outer periphery.

図４に示す実施形態において、給気への排気ガスの混合は、圧縮機１２の部分ではなく、圧縮機１２のボリュート２２につながる給気導管１１の領域において行なわれる。給気導管１１には、通常、図５に示されるような、インター・クーラ１６に至るディフューザ１１ａが設けられている。給気への排気ガスの混合は、好適には、給気が圧縮機１２のボリュート２２を離れる際と実質上同じ動圧を有しているようなディフューザ１１ａの上流側の位置で行なわれる。   In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the mixing of the exhaust gas into the supply air takes place in the region of the air supply conduit 11 leading to the volute 22 of the compressor 12 rather than part of the compressor 12. The air supply conduit 11 is usually provided with a diffuser 11a that reaches the inter cooler 16, as shown in FIG. Mixing of the exhaust gas into the supply air is preferably performed at a position upstream of the diffuser 11a such that the supply air has substantially the same dynamic pressure as it leaves the volute 22 of the compressor 12.

図５に示される実施形態の場合、給気導管１１には、圧縮機１２のボリュート２２とディフューザ１１ａとの間の部分に、ボリュート２２の終端部とディフューザ１１ａの入り口とにフランジ接続された挿入部２７が設けられ、この挿入部２７は、ボリュート２２とディフューザ１１ａとの間の距離を橋渡しする導管部１１ｂを備え、この導管部１１ｂは、混合開口部２８を形成するよう半径方向の穴が複数設けられて成るとともに、概ね環状室として形成された予備貯蔵室を有したケース３０を貫いて構成されている。このケース３０は、接続部ソケット３１が設けられ、混合導管１８にフランジ接続されている。無論、この実施形態においても、環状の予備貯蔵室２９の替わりに、図３に似た環状の導管を設けて、この環状導管が、複数の突出導管を介して混合開口部２８に接続されるようにすることもできよう。給気の動圧は、普通、排気ガスを十分混合するのに十分である。このような場合、導管部１１ｂは、その全長にわたって等しく保たれた直径を有するパイプの一部分として形成することができる。図示された実施形態において、導管部１１ｂには、混合開口部が配設された狭窄部３２が設けられている。この狭窄部３２によって、給気が加速され、つまりは、動圧が増すとともに、それに対応して静圧が低下することになる。   In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the supply conduit 11 is inserted in the portion between the volute 22 and the diffuser 11a of the compressor 12 in a flange connection to the end of the volute 22 and the inlet of the diffuser 11a. The insertion portion 27 includes a conduit portion 11b that bridges the distance between the volute 22 and the diffuser 11a, the conduit portion 11b having a radial hole so as to form a mixing opening 28. It is provided with a plurality, and is configured to penetrate through a case 30 having a preliminary storage chamber formed generally as an annular chamber. The case 30 is provided with a connection socket 31 and is flange-connected to the mixing conduit 18. Of course, in this embodiment, instead of the annular preliminary storage chamber 29, an annular conduit similar to FIG. 3 is provided, and this annular conduit is connected to the mixing opening 28 via a plurality of protruding conduits. It can also be done. The dynamic pressure of the supply air is usually sufficient to mix the exhaust gas sufficiently. In such a case, the conduit portion 11b can be formed as part of a pipe having a diameter that is kept constant over its entire length. In the illustrated embodiment, the conduit portion 11b is provided with a constricted portion 32 in which a mixing opening is disposed. The supply air is accelerated by the narrowed portion 32, that is, the dynamic pressure is increased and the static pressure is correspondingly reduced.

場合によっては、もちろん、図４に破線で示すように、図５に示されるようなものを順々に並べて構成することもできる。一つ、ないしは複数のこの種の構成に対して、排気ガスを圧縮機１２のボリュートに直に混合するという、大体図２もしくは図３に示されるようなものを組み合わせることも同じ様に考えられよう。斯かる構成は、図１に破線を用いて示されている。こういったことからも、本発明が図示された実施形態に限定されないことは明らかである。   In some cases, as shown in FIG. 4 with broken lines, it is possible to arrange the components as shown in FIG. It is equally conceivable to combine one or more of these types of configurations, such as those shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3, where the exhaust gas is mixed directly into the volute of the compressor 12. Like. Such a configuration is shown using dashed lines in FIG. From these facts, it is clear that the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.

排気ターボ過給機の圧縮機へと導かれるリサイクル導管を有する２サイクル大形ディーゼルエンジンの概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a two-cycle large diesel engine having a recycle conduit led to a compressor of an exhaust turbocharger. 圧縮機のケーシングの中に、混合のための構成が組み込まれた実施形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows embodiment which the structure for mixing was integrated in the casing of the compressor. 図２の変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of FIG. 給気導管に合流するリサイクル導管を有する２サイクル大形ディーゼルエンジンの概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a two-cycle large diesel engine having a recycle conduit that joins an air supply conduit. 図４に示す構成の給入のための装置を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the apparatus for supply of the structure shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ シリンダ
７ 排気ガス収集部
１０ 給気蓄積部
１１ａ ディフューザ
１１ｂ 導管部
１２ 圧縮機
１３ 排気ターボ過給機
１４ タービン
１６ インター・クーラ(給気冷却器)
１７ 噴射ノズル
１８ リサイクル導管
１９ 調節装置
２２ ボリュート(送出気流ケーシング)
２４ 予備貯蔵室
２３ リブ
２５ 混合開口部
３２ 狭窄部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder 7 Exhaust gas collection part 10 Supply air accumulation | storage part 11a Diffuser 11b Conduit part 12 Compressor 13 Exhaust turbo supercharger 14 Turbine 16 Inter cooler (supply air cooler)
17 Injection nozzle 18 Recycle conduit 19 Control device 22 Volute (outflow airflow casing)
24 spare storage room 23 rib 25 mixing opening 32 constriction

Claims (4)

少なくとも一つのシリンダ(１)を有し、該シリンダ(１)の下流側には、排気ガス収集部(７)が設けられるとともに、上流側には給気蓄積部(１０)が設けられ、さらに少なくとも一つの排気ターボ過給機(１３)を有し、該排気ターボ過給機(１３)のタービン(１４)には、排気ガスが供給可能とされ、前記排気ターボ過給機(１３)の圧縮機(１２)は、上流側に給気冷却器(１６)が設けられた前記給気蓄積部(１０)に給気を供給するよう構成され、排気ガスを再利用するための装置が設けられていて、排気ガスが前記圧縮機(１２)の圧縮側において前記給気に混合可能とされている２サイクル大形ディーゼルエンジンであるピストン内燃機関において、
給気への排気ガスの混合が、前記給気冷却器(１６)の上流側で行なわれるように構成されているとともに、この給気への排気ガスの混合が、少なくとも一部、前記給気導管(１１)の、前記圧縮機(１２)の前記送出気流ケーシング(２２)から前記給気冷却器(１６)へと続く導管部の領域において行なわれるよう構成されており、
前記給気導管(１１)の導管部(１１ｂ)が、排気ガスを供給できるリサイクル導管(１８)に接続可能とされるとともに、導管部(１１ｂ)とは別体のケース(３０)によって形成されかつ概ね環状室の構成とされた予備貯蔵室(２９)によって包囲され、前記導管部(１１ｂ)には、概ね穴の形態とされた混合開口部(２８)が設けられており、
前記導管部(１１ｂ)は、前記混合開口部(２８)の部分に狭窄部(３２)を備えており、前記予備貯蔵室(２９)は、少なくとも前記狭窄部(３２)の領域に対応して存在していることを特徴とするピストン内燃機関。 It has at least one cylinder (1), an exhaust gas collecting part (7) is provided on the downstream side of the cylinder (1), and an air supply accumulating part (10) is provided on the upstream side. At least one exhaust turbocharger (13) is provided, and an exhaust gas can be supplied to the turbine (14) of the exhaust turbocharger (13), and the exhaust turbocharger (13) The compressor (12) is configured to supply the supply air to the supply air accumulation unit (10) provided with the supply air cooler (16) on the upstream side, and a device for reusing the exhaust gas is provided. In a piston internal combustion engine, which is a two-cycle large diesel engine, in which exhaust gas can be mixed with the supply air on the compression side of the compressor (12),
The exhaust gas is mixed with the supply air on the upstream side of the supply air cooler (16), and the exhaust gas is mixed with the supply air at least partially. The conduit (11) is configured in the region of the conduit section that leads from the delivery airflow casing (22) of the compressor (12) to the charge air cooler (16),
The conduit portion (11b) of the air supply conduit (11) can be connected to a recycle conduit (18) capable of supplying exhaust gas, and is formed by a case (30) separate from the conduit portion (11b). And surrounded by a preliminary storage chamber (29), which is generally in the form of an annular chamber, the conduit portion (11b) is provided with a mixing opening (28) generally in the form of a hole,
The conduit portion (11b) includes a narrowed portion (32) in the mixing opening (28), and the reserve storage chamber (29) corresponds to at least the region of the narrowed portion (32). A piston internal combustion engine characterized in that it exists. 請求項１に記載のピストン内燃機関において、
前記給気導管(１１)には、前記給気冷却器(１６)の上流側に設けられるディフューザ(１１ａ)が取り付けられ、
かつ、給気への排気ガスの混合が、前記ディフューザ(１１ａ)の上流側で行なわれるよう構成されていることを特徴とするピストン内燃機関。 The piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1,
A diffuser (11a) provided on the upstream side of the air supply cooler (16) is attached to the air supply conduit (11),
The piston internal combustion engine is configured so that the exhaust gas is mixed with the supply air at the upstream side of the diffuser (11a). 請求項１または請求項２に記載のピストン内燃機関において、
排気ガスを供給できるリサイクル導管(１８)の部分には、調節装置(１９)が設けられていることを特徴とするピストン内燃機関。 The piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2,
A piston internal combustion engine, characterized in that an adjusting device (19) is provided in a portion of the recycle conduit (18) through which exhaust gas can be supplied. 請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載のピストン内燃機関において、
前記給気冷却器(１６)は、冷却剤を噴射して入れるための噴射ノズル(１７)が設けられた直接型冷却器として構成されていることを特徴とするピストン内燃機関。 The piston internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The intake air cooler (16) is configured as a direct-type cooler provided with an injection nozzle (17) for injecting a coolant into the piston internal combustion engine.
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